Building a Weather Station Monitoring System Connected to the GSM using Arduino Controller

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1 Building a Weather Station Monitoring System Connected to the GSM using Arduino Controller B Ramesh, Assistant Professor, Department of ECE. St.Peter s Engineering College, Hyderabad, Telangana. B. Deepika, I.Santhosh kumar, K.Prashanth St.Peter s Engineering College, Hyderabad, Telangana. ABSTRACT: The system proposed in this paper is an advanced solution for monitoring the weather conditions at a particular place and make the information visible anywhere in the world. The technology behind this is Internet of Things (IoT), which is an advanced and efficient solution for connecting the things to the internet and to connect the entire world of things in a network. Here things might be whatever like electronic gadgets, sensors and automotive electronic equipment. The system deals with monitoring and controlling the environmental conditions like temperature, relative humidity, and CO level with sensors and send the information to the web page and then plot the sensor data as graphical statistics. The data updated from the implemented system can be accessible in the internet from anywhere in the world. The mobile device and security system communicate via GSM module. If any of the sensor detected then alert system is ready and message passed to the user mobile. If temperature detected then FAN will be on, Humidity detected then water sprinkler will be on and if Gas detected then buzzer will be on. INTRODUCTION: Weather forecasting is the application of science and technology to predict the state of the atmosphere for a given location. Human beings have attempted to predict the weather informally for millennium and formally since the nineteenth century. Weather forecasts are made by collecting quantitative data about the current state of the atmosphere on a given place and using scientific understanding of atmospheric processes to project how the atmosphere will evolve on that place. Weather is driven by air pressure (temperature and moisture) differences between one place and another. These pressure and temperature differences can occur due to the sun angle at any particular spot, which varies by latitude from the tropics. The atmosphere is a chaotic system, so small changes to one part of the system can grow to have large effects on the system as a whole. This makes it difficult to accurately predict weather more than a few days in advance, though weather forecasters are continually working to extend this limit through the scientific study of weather, meteorology. It is theoretically impossible to make useful day-today predictions more than about two weeks ahead, imposing an upper limit to potential for improved prediction skill. Once an all-human endeavor based mainly upon changes in barometric pressure, current weather conditions, and sky condition, weather forecasting now relies on computer-based models that take many atmospheric factors into account. Human input is still required to pick the best possible forecast model to base the forecast upon, which involves pattern recognition skills, tele-connections, knowledge of model performance, and knowledge of model biases.with the increasing busy schedules people rely on machines to support them in this modern world. It led to the need for intelligence to these machines in every area. Here the case is with weather forecasting. Our project involves temperature, Humidity and Gas sensor in a security chain implemented using microcontroller arduino. In our Project we have temperature, Humidity and Gas sensors. The Microcontroller at the transmitter end will continuously monitors all the Sensors and if any security problem is found then the Microcontroller will send me that message to user mobile and the type of problem is displayed on the LCD. EXISISTING SYSTEM: Through weather monitoring system we can collect the information about humidity and temperature and according to current and previous data we can produce the results displayed on LCD in the system. After reviewing many articles, there are presently no papers that mention monitoring the combination of temperature, lighting and humidity in one integrated 410 B Ramesh, B. Deepika, I.Santhosh kumar, K.Prashanth

2 system and have actuators to modify these settings. However, there has been no mention about having message passing of data to the user mobile in converse situation. So our main idea was to join a system that can sense the main components that formulates the weather and can be able to forecast the weather without human error. That s why we are moving towards proposed system. PROPOSED SYSTEM: Our proposed system makes use of 3 sensors to measure the weather/environment factors such as temperature, humidity and gas. The values read from the sensors are processed by the Arduino micro-controller. The readings are also displayed on an on board LCD for quick viewing. The system continuously monitors the output of all these sensors and if any of the sensors trigger, the controlling unit immediately identifies the change in the output of the sensor and sends the predefined message to the user mobile through GSM modem. If any of the sensor detected then alert system is ready and message passed to the user mobile. If temperature detected then fan will be on, Humidity detected then water sprinkler will be on and if Gas detected then buzzer will be on. LITERATURE SURVEY: In this chapter, we will discuss about the information found by study and research that is critical and have an important value in the contribution of the whole project. It also gives some basic knowledge or theoretical base and is used as a foundation to successfully achieve the main objectives. Most of the literatures are from the related articles, journals, books and previous works of the same fields. These literatures are then compiled and use as a guidance to the work of this paper. Present innovations in technology mainly focus on controlling and monitoring of different activities. These are increasingly emerging to reach the human needs. Most of this technology is focused on efficient monitoring and controlling different activities. An efficient weather monitoring system is required to monitor and assess the conditions in case of exceeding the prescribed level of parameters (e.g., noise, CO and radiation levels). When the objects like environment equipped with sensor devices, microcontroller and various software applications becomes a self-protecting and selfmonitoring environment and it is also called as 411 B Ramesh, B. Deepika, I.Santhosh kumar, K.Prashanth International Journal of Electronics, Electrical and Computational System smart environment. In such environment when some event occurs the alarm or buzzer alerts automatically. The effects due to the weather changes on animals, plants and human beings can be monitored and controlled by smart weather monitoring system. By using embedded intelligence into the environment makes the environment interactive with other objectives, this is one of the application that smart environment targets. Human needs demands different types of monitoring systems these are depends on the type of data gathered by the sensor devices. Event Detection based and Spatial Process Estimation are the two categories to which applications are classified. Initially the sensors devices are deployed in environment to detect the parameters (e.g., Temperature, Humidity, and CO levels etc.) while the data acquisition, computation and controlling action (e.g., the variations in the noise and CO levels with respect to the specified levels). Sensor devices are placed at different locations to collect the data to predict the behavior of a particular area of interest. The main aim of the this paper is to design and implement an efficient monitoring system through which the required parameters are monitored remotely using internet and the data gathered from the sensors are stored in the cloud and to project the estimated trend on the web browser. A solution for monitoring the sensors and CO levels i.e., any parameter value crossing its threshold value ranges, for example CO levels in air in a particular area exceeding the normal levels etc., in the environment using wireless embedded computing system is proposed in this paper. The solution also provides an intelligent remote monitoring for a particular area of interest. In this paper we also present a trending results of collected or sensed data with respect to the normal or specified ranges of particular parameters. The embedded system is an integration of sensor devices, wireless communication which enables the user to remotely access the various parameters and store the data in cloud. RELATED WORK: Weather is the state of the atmosphere, to the degree that it is hot or cold, wet or dry, calm or stormy, clear or cloudy. Most weather phenomena occur in the troposphere, just below the stratosphere. Weather generally refers to day-to-day temperature and precipitation activity,

3 whereas climate is the term for the average atmospheric conditions over longer periods of time. When used without qualification, weather, is understood to mean the weather of earth. Monitoring the weather conditions manually is difficult. The present work is to develop an automated system which monitors the weather condition. The weather condition is driven by air pressure (temperature and moisture) differences between one place and another. These pressure and temperature differences can occur due to the sun angle at any particular spot. Through this system we can automatically collect the information about humidity and temperature. SIMILAR PAPERS: Design and Implementation of Weather Monitoring and Controlling System:Weather monitoring plays an important role in human life, so the collection of information about the temporal dynamics of weather changes is very important. In any industry during certain hazards it is very important to monitor weather. The fundamental aim of this paper is to develop an embedded system to design a weather monitoring system which enables the monitoring of weather parameters in an industry. Such a system contains pair of sensors like temperature, Gas and humidity will be monitored and LPC2148 microcontroller. The data from the sensors are collected by the microcontroller and also microcontroller sends the sensors data in to the mobile by using the Serial Communication and this module will keep the data in excel page & also we can get the SMS in the mobile with the help of GSM module. The system uses a compact circuitry built around LPC2148 microcontroller Programs are developed in Embedded C using the IDE Keiluvision4 is used for loading programs into Microcontroller. Wireless Remote Weather Monitoring System Based on MEMS Technologies:This study proposes a wireless remote weather monitoring system based on Micro-Electro-Mechanical Systems (MEMS) and wireless sensor network (WSN) technologies comprising sensors for the measurement of temperature, humidity, pressure, wind speed and direction, integrated on a single chip. The sensing signals are transmitted between the Octopus II-A sensor nodes using WSN technology, following amplification and analog/digital conversion (ADC). Experimental results show that the resistance of the micro temperature sensor increases linearly with input temperature, with an average TCR (temperatur e coefficient of resistance) value of ( C 1). The resistance of the pressure sensor also increases linearly with air pressure, with an average sensitivity value of ( Ω/kPa). The sensitivity to humidity increases with ambient temperature due to the effect of temperature on the dielectric constant, which was determined to be 16.9, 21.4, 27.0, and 38.2 (pf/%rh) at 27 C, 30 C, 40 C, and 50 C, respectively. The velocity of airflow is obtained by summing the variations in resistor response as airflow passed over the sensors providing sensitivity of , , ( Ω/ms 1) with power consumption by the heating resistor of 0.2, 0.3, and 0.5 W, respectively. The passage of air across the surface of the flow sensors prompts variations in temperature among each of the sensing resistors. Evaluating these variations in resistance caused by the temperature change enables the measurement of wind direction. DESIGIN OF WIRELESS WEATHER MONITORING SYSTEM: The main objective of this project is to devise a simple low cost microcontroller based weather monitoring system using wireless technology which fetches weather conditions using various sensors like temp, humidity etc, displays it on LCD and forwards it to remote user by SMS. This project is developed by using ATMEGA-32 Microcontroller, SIM 300 GSM Module, LCD display and LM35 temperature sensor. The advantage of using GSM based technology is that GSM based communication network is widespread and have almost reached to every nook and corners of this 21st century world. GSM technology also does provide users with high quality signal and channels, giving them access to high quality digital communication at very affordable rates. This embedded system can prove to be useful for anyone to monitor the weather condition of a location without being physically present there.this chapter briefly explains about the Hardware Implementation of the project. It discusses the design and working of the design with the help of block diagram and circuit diagram and explanation of circuit diagram in detail. It explains the features, timer 412 B Ramesh, B. Deepika, I.Santhosh kumar, K.Prashanth

4 programming, serial communication, interrupts of atmega328 microcontroller. It also explains the various modules used in this paper. Paper Design :The implementation of the paper design can be divided in two parts. Hardware implementation Firmware implementation Hardware implementation deals in drawing the schematic on the plane paper according to the application, testing the schematic design over the breadboard using the various IC s to find if the design meets the objective, carrying out the PCB layout of the schematic tested on breadboard, finally preparing the board and testing the designed hardware.the paper design and principle are explained in this chapter using the block diagram and circuit diagram. The block diagram discusses about the required components of the design and working condition is explained using circuit diagram and system wiring diagram. Block Diagram:The block diagram of the design is as shown in Fig 3.1. It consists of power supply unit, microcontroller, GSM modem, temperature, humidity sensor and GAS sensor and LCD. The brief description of each unit is explained as follows. Block diagram: Figure 3.1: Block diagram of proposed system Power supply Reset circuit switch Temp, Gas, Humidity, rain Sensors Arduino controller GSM LCD DC FAN Water sprinkler Buzzer SOURCE CODE WRITTEN IN ARDUINO COMPILER SELECT YOUR BOARD RESULTS AND DISCUSSIONS: The implementation of realization of Building a Weather Station monitoring system Connected to the GSM using Arduino controller is done successfully. The communication is properly done without any interference between different modules in the design. Design is done to meet all the specifications and requirements. Circuit is implemented in Orcad and implemented on the microcontroller board. The performance has been verified both in software simulator and hardware design. The total circuit is completely verified functionally and is following the application software. It can be concluded that the design implemented in the present work provide portability, flexibility and the data transmission is also done with low power consumption. Working Procedure: The working principle of this work describes the interdependent functionality of the components and their output. Firstly, all the components are initialized by supplying the required power of +5v. We are using two temperature sensors to get a accurate value of temperature reading and taking the values. Depending on the temperature, hot air or cool air introduced to maintain the temperature threshold value, which is preset. If the temperature is too high, DC fan is high to cool the air. This is how temperature is manipulated. Secondly, there is GAS which work based on gas intensity. When the sunlight is too much or not enough for the weather system to handle, the LED light is ON/OFF based on the readings of the GAS. On the other hand, gas intensity along with other parameters such as temperature and humidity can be used in predicting 413 B Ramesh, B. Deepika, I.Santhosh kumar, K.Prashanth

5 weather forecast without the use of any satellite data. The LM35 sensor provides the current temperature readings. The LM35gives out analog output and is connected to the analog input of the Arduino micro-controller A0. Humidity sensor provides the current moisture level readings and is connected to the input of Arduino controller A1, GAS gives logic high/low and is connected as input to Arduino controller A2. The readings from the sensors are displayed in a 16x2 LCD, which is directly connected to the Arduino microcontroller. If any of the sensor detected then alert system is ready and message passed to the user mobile. If temperature detected then FAN will be on, Humidity detected then water sprinkler will be on. This is useful when we are using the device indoors or only to get the readings on a screen. ADVANTAGES: 1. Devices can be monitored from anywhere in the world. 2. Easy to use and reduces man power. 3. No need to connect notice board to PC to update the message. 4. Safe, secured and needs low power. 5. It is echo friendly; with this we can eliminate usage of paper. 6. It very attractive and eye catching. 7. Security providing to homes 8. Easy to use 9. Flexible APPLICATIONS: 1. Plantation 2. Home applications 3. Weather forecasting CONCLUSION: In this paper, we implemented a system which provides security to planting. This paper we have undertaken has helped us gain a better perspective on various aspects related to our course of study as well as practical knowledge of electronic equipments and communication. We monitored of all the parameters like temperature, humidity, gas intensity and send those values to user mobile when they cross the predefined threshold values. We can upload the sensor values to the server and by this way we can observe the sensor status from anywhere in the world by just entering the URL of the server in the web browser. To achieve this, we will use the Wi-Fi module interfaced to the controller and we should provide the internet to the module using mobile hotspot or wireless router. The Wi-Fi router will receive the sensor values from the controller and send those to server and get the commands from the server and control the loads. REFERENCES: [1] Mohammad Javad Manashti, Houshang Ghamarnia, Soheila Amirian, Ramin Mohammad Nezhad, "Design GSM-SMS based system for old structured greenhouses with monitoring and logging network sensors," International Research Journal of Applied and Basic Sciences, vol. 3, pp , [2] T. Murugan, Azha.Periasamy, S. Muruganand, "Embedded based Industrial Temperature Monitoring System using GSM," International Journal of Computer Applications, vol. 58, p , [3] Raghu K. Ganti, Fan Ye, and Hui Lei, "Mobile Crowdsensing:Current State and Future Challenges," IEEE Communications Magazine, [4] ATmega32 Datasheet, Atmel Corp., [5] LM35 precision centigrade temperature sensors datasheet, National Semiconductors. [6] Subhani Sk., Sateesh, Chaitanya and Prakash Babu. 414 B Ramesh, B. Deepika, I.Santhosh kumar, K.Prashanth