Chapter 2 Geography Study Guide

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1 Chapter 2 Geography Study Guide Multiple Choice Identify the letter of the choice that best completes the statement or answers the question. 1. What is the largest and deepest ocean? a. the Indian Ocean c. the Atlantic Ocean b. the Arctic Ocean d. the Pacific Ocean 2. What term means the constant movement of the earth s water from oceans to air to land and back to oceans? a. water cycle c. air shadow b. groundwater d. condensation 3. Most of the earth s freshwater is found in. a. rivers and lakes c. seas and oceans b. glaciers and ice caps d. groundwater 4. What is the Gulf Stream? a. an air current c. a form of evaporation b. a warm ocean current d. a cold ocean current 5. A region s climate is determined by movement of air, the movement of water currents, and. a. latitude c. longitude b. the water cycle d. weather 6. People who live in the Tropics usually have a. a. marine west coast climate c. long, dry winter b. hot climate d. rain shadow 7. El Niños occur when. a. a volcano erupts c. cold winds from the east are weak b. cold water moves toward the Equator d. clouds form in the western Pacific 8. The climate region that includes more and different climate zones is the. a. tropical region c. highland region b. high latitude region d. mid-latitude region 9. Most of the earth s salt water is found in. a. the water cycle c. oceans b. groundwater d. aquifers 10. Water held in the atmosphere in the form of gas is called. a. water vapor c. the water cycle b. evaporation d. collection 11. Trees and plants are forms of. a. animal life c. rain forests b. vegetation d. tundra 12. Large masses of water in frozen form are called. a. water vapor c. glaciers and ice sheets b. groundwater d. precipitation 13. The amount of water on the earth is. a. always changing c. increasing b. always the same d. decreasing 14. Subarctic climate, tundra climate, and ice cap climate are in what major climate region? a. tropical c. dry b. mid-latitude d. high latitude

2 15. The world s largest rain forest area is found in the. a. Amazon Basin c. tundra b. steppes d. timberline 16. Some farmers practice crop rotation to. a. prevent erosion c. avoid using up all the minerals in the soil b. avoid acid rain d. prevent water pollution 17. What percentage of the world s water is freshwater? a percent c percent b percent d percent 18. In what form is most of the world s freshwater? a. liquid c. frozen b. vapor d. underground The natural vegetation found here consists of scattered scrub and cactus, plants that can live with little moisture and wide temperature ranges. Sometimes underground springs may support an oasis, or an area of lush vegetation. Sandy dunes or rocky surfaces may cover the landscape, but sometimes crops can be grown through irrigation.

3 19. What type of landscape and climate is described in this quote? a. tundra c. desert b. steppe d. savanna 20. According to the quote, what can be grown in this type of climate if irrigation is available? a. cactus c. scrub b. crops d. forests With no moving air to lift the sails, ships were stranded for weeks in the hot, still weather. Meanwhile, food supplies dwindled and spoiled as the ships sat. To lighten the load so the ships could take advantage of the slightest breeze, sailors would toss supplies overboard, including livestock. This practice gave rise to the name by which the calm areas at the edge of the Tropics are known--the horse latitudes. 21. According to this quote, why were the ships stranded? a. There were no sea breezes. c. They carried too many horses. b. Their engines had failed. d. They had no sails. 22. How can you tell that this quote is describing transportation from an earlier historical period? a. The ships are crossing the ocean. b. The ships are carrying cargo. c. The ships rely on wind currents and sails to travel. d. The temperature was hot in the Tropics. Ice cores yield an amazingly good record of global climate. Each year, the snowfall on a glacier or ice sheet freezes and forms a new layer. Scientists can count these layers to date events such as volcanic eruptions. They can analyze water in the ice to determine temperatures. The ice might contain dust that was carried by the wind and dropped into the snow. For example, sulfuric acid and nitrates point to the start of the Industrial Revolution. 23. According to the quote, how can scientists use ice cores to date past events? a. They count the layers of ice. c. They measure the width of ice layers. b. They use radioactive tools. d. They use global positioning satellites. Since 1778, almost 4,000 species of plants and animals have been introduced into the Hawaiian ecosystem, with many disastrous results. More than half of Hawaii s native bird species--including the state bird, the nene goose--and 20 percent of native plant species are threatened with extinction. 24. According to the quote, what has posed a problem to Hawaii s ecosystem? a. pollution c. harmful rays of the sun b. new plant and animal species d. tourism

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5 Chapter 2 Geography Study Guide Answer Section MULTIPLE CHOICE 1. ANS: D DIF: Average REF: 50 STO: GEOG7.GPS4a 2. ANS: A DIF: Easy REF: 48 STO: GEOG7.G8 3. ANS: B DIF: Average REF: 49 STO: GEOG7.G8 4. ANS: B DIF: Average REF: 56 STO: GEOG7.G3 5. ANS: A DIF: Average REF: 53 STO: GEOG7.G2a, GEOG7.G3a 6. ANS: B DIF: Average REF: 62 STO: GEOG7.G2a, GEOG7.GPS4a 7. ANS: C DIF: Average REF: 55 STO: GEOG7.EGPS5 8. ANS: D DIF: Average REF: 63 STO: GEOG7.EGPS5 9. ANS: C DIF: Easy REF: 50 STO: GEOG7.GPS4a 10. ANS: A DIF: Average REF: 48 STO: GEOG7.G8 11. ANS: B DIF: Easy REF: 61 STO: GEOG7.G2a 12. ANS: C DIF: Easy REF: ANS: B DIF: Average REF: ANS: D DIF: Average REF: STO: GEOG7.EGPS1a, GEOG7.G2a, GEOG7.G3a 15. ANS: A DIF: Average REF: 62 STO: GEOG7.G3a, GEOG7.GPS4a 16. ANS: C DIF: Average REF: 70 STO: GEOG7.G3a 17. ANS: A DIF: Average REF: 49 STO: GEOG7.G3 18. ANS: C DIF: Average REF: 49 STO: GEOG7.G3 19. ANS: C DIF: Average REF: 67 STO: GEOG7.G2a 20. ANS: B DIF: Easy REF: 71 STO: GEOG7.G2a 21. ANS: A DIF: Easy REF: 54 STO: GEOG7.G2b 22. ANS: C DIF: Average REF: ANS: A DIF: Easy REF: 49 STO: GEOG7.G2a, GEOG7.G2b 24. ANS: B DIF: Easy REF: 72 STO: GEOG7.G2a, GEOG7.G3

Name Date Class. well as the inland, found near the Tropics. 4. In the, or the regions near the Equator, you may find a lush

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