Introduction to extra solar planets
|
|
- Annabelle Garrison
- 5 years ago
- Views:
Transcription
1 Introduction to extra solar planets D.N.C. Lin Kavli Institute for Astronomy & Astrophysics Peking University, Beijing, China Planetary Astrophysics Kavli Institute for Astronomy & Astrophysics Peking University, Beijing December 12th, slides
2 Fundamental Questions Are we alone? If not, where is ET? If so, why is our solar system so unique? How did Earth & other planets emerge? What fates await for planetary systems? How did life form, evolve, and proliferate? 2/32
3 3/32
4 Epoch of observational discovery Solar system relics (archeology) Protostellar disks (pediatrics) Extra solar planets (anthropology) 4/32
5 A landmark discovery: Hot Jupiters Stars have Jupiters with diverse properties. 5/32
6 Frontiers of exploration Udry Exoplanets.org 6/32 Eccentric planets
7 Precision Cosmogony Udry SuperEarth everywhere 7/32
8 Probing planets & their host stars through transits Nutzman 8/32
9 Microlensing, A/O imaging, astrometry 9/32
10 Near-future prospects 10/32
11 Mechanical Universe vs Meta-stable world Planetary Ubiquity & Diversity: Origin & Evolution Great circle => coplanar orbits => Nebula hypothesis 11/32
12 Paradigm shift: building blocks are mobile 12/32
13 Relocation of protoplanetary embryos Shepherding & embedded moons Density waves & torque imbalance Extrapolation to solar nebula: Rapid migration of Earth mass cores Goldreich, Tremaine, Ward 13/32
14 Gas giants environmental impacts & migration 10/22 Last of Mohegans 14/32
15 Proliferation of gas giant planets Induced formation & proliferation Emergence of metastable systems Limited extent of relaxation Ceaseless dynamical instability 15/32
16 Population synthesis model With planet formation & disk evolution, a ini =(integration on 10 9 y) M p, a final core accretion > 5-10M gas envelope contraction >100M protoplanetary disk: H/He gas (99wt%) + dust grains (1wt%) planetesimals coagulation of planetesimals type I migration terrestrial planets cores runaway gas accretion gas accretion onto cores gas giants type II migration 16/32 Newton Press
17 Why do greater fraction of metal-rich stars have gas giants 16a/32 Homogenous DF e <5%G dwarfs in Pleiaides stars (100 Myr old).
18 Model calibration Gas giants hatchery Many but not all gas giants migrate Destiny bank Comparisons with data 17/32
19 Observable predictions: test 1. Planetary desert 2. rare brown dwarfs & many super-earths 3. Cradle of gas giants: bimodal periods 4.Domains of gas giants: period boundary 5. Epoch of planet formation (1-10 Myr) 6. Dependence on stellar mass: K giants & M dwarfs and metallicity 18/32
20 Planets on the go during gas & planetesimal clearing 19/32
21 Rich population of super earths Super-Earths as born-again embryos or remnant icy cores of failed attempts to form giants 20/32
22 Population synthesis of planetary systems gaseous rocky icy 21/32
23 Ubiquity of Earths Gaudi Hot Neptunes around M dwarfs (Ida) 15/16 22/32
24 LIFE Life started ASAP on Earth Information to regulate self assembly & self reproduction 23/32 37/46
25 Elements of biological evolution Metastable molecular bases: adiabatic versus impulsive mutation Dissemination: diffusion cross section Proliferation: exponential growth 24/43
26 Extinction and survival: natural selection Environmental impacts (feedback, self destruction) Natural catastrophes (evolving boundary conditions) 25/32
27 Anthropic Principle Astrophysical and cosmological theorists run the risk of error in the interpretation of astronomical and cosmological information unless due account is taken of the biological restraints under which the information was acquired. Biological theorists also run the risk of error in the interpretation of the evolutionary records unless they take due heed of the astrophysical restraints under which evolution took place. Brandon Carter 1983 Copernican Principle The Earth is not in a central, specially favored position. 26/32
28 Planetary mobility & diffusion of microbial lifes Diverse environments to initiate life Mobility for life to proliferate (panspermia) Evolving boundary conditions for life to adapt Range of time scales for metastability to evolve & to diversify 27/32 ``Multi-verse habitats to foster unlnown lives
29 Transmission of intelligent life Human genome contains about a meter of DNA with 4 bases nm apart => 6 x 10 9 bits Transmission bit rate = bandwidth x ln 2 (1 + P/N) Telephone line khz, TV station MHz bandwidth We can transmit human genome map to habitable planets with current facilities in 2 weeks (Goldreich) 28/32
30 Fermi s paradox: where is ET? SETI What signs should we look for? 29/32
31 Sidney Harris 30/32
32 Are we alone? 31/32
33 Summary & Discussions 1) Habitable planets are common. 2) Planets form with mobility. 3) Planetary structure and planetary-system architecture are diverse (statistical mechanics). 4) Planetary distribution is patchy. 5) Planetary systems ongoing evolution drives life dissemination 6) Life is likely to be diverse in this universe 32/32
Formation of Planets around M & L dwarfs
Formation of Planets around & L dwarfs D.N.C. Lin University of California with S. Ida, H. Li, S.L.Li, E. Thommes, I. Dobbs-Dixon, S.T. Lee,P. Garaud,. Nagasawa AAS Washington Jan 11th, 006 17 slides Disk
More informationForming habitable planets on the computer
Forming habitable planets on the computer Anders Johansen Lund University, Department of Astronomy and Theoretical Physics 1/9 Two protoplanetary discs (Andrews et al., 2016) (ALMA Partnership, 2015) Two
More informationHeavy meteal rules. Vardan Adibekyan Institute of Astrophysics and Space Sciences. The star-planet connection. 1 June 2015 NAOJ, Tokyo
The star-planet connection Institute of Astrophysics and Space Sciences 1 June 2015 NAOJ, Tokyo 1 Introduction to exoplanets Diversity of exoplanets Planet formation theories 2 Planet formation and metallicity
More informationWhat is it like? When did it form? How did it form. The Solar System. Fall, 2005 Astronomy 110 1
What is it like? When did it form? How did it form The Solar System Fall, 2005 Astronomy 110 1 Fall, 2005 Astronomy 110 2 The planets all orbit the sun in the same direction. The Sun spins in the same
More informationPlanet formation in protoplanetary disks. Dmitry Semenov Max Planck Institute for Astronomy Heidelberg, Germany
Planet formation in protoplanetary disks Dmitry Semenov Max Planck Institute for Astronomy Heidelberg, Germany Suggested literature "Protoplanetary Dust" (2010), eds. D. Apai & D. Lauretta, CUP "Protostars
More informationLecture 20: Planet formation II. Clues from Exoplanets
Lecture 20: Planet formation II. Clues from Exoplanets 1 Outline Definition of a planet Properties of exoplanets Formation models for exoplanets gravitational instability model core accretion scenario
More informationPlanetary System Stability and Evolution. N. Jeremy Kasdin Princeton University
Planetary System Stability and Evolution N. Jeremy Kasdin Princeton University (Lots of help from Eric Ford, Florida and Robert Vanderbei, Princeton) KISS Exoplanet Workshop 10 November 2009 Motivation
More informationPractical Numerical Training UKNum
Practical Numerical Training UKNum Conclusions PD. Dr. C. Mordasini Max Planck Institute for Astronomy, Heidelberg Programm: 1) Weiterführende Vorlesungen 2) Fragebogen 3) Eigene Forschung 4) Bachelor/Masterarbeiten
More informationInternal structure and atmospheres of planets
Internal structure and atmospheres of planets SERGEI POPOV 1312.3323 Sizes and masses Radius vs. mass Results of modeling. Old (relaxed) planets. Colors correspond to different fractions of light elements.
More informationComet Science Goals II
Comet Science Goals II {questions for goals} Don Brownlee Did the events postulated by the Nice Hypothesis really happen? Were there wide-spread solar system wide impact events that were coeval with the
More informationGiant Planet Formation
Giant Planet Formation Overview Observations: Meteorites to Extrasolar Planets Our Solar System Dynamics Meteorites Geology Planetary composition & structure Other Stars Circumstellar disks Extrasolar
More informationEXOPLANET LECTURE PLANET FORMATION. Dr. Judit Szulagyi - ETH Fellow
EXOPLANET LECTURE PLANET FORMATION Dr. Judit Szulagyi - ETH Fellow (judits@ethz.ch) I. YOUNG STELLAR OBJECTS AND THEIR DISKS (YSOs) Star Formation Young stars born in 10 4 10 6 M Sun Giant Molecular Clouds.
More informationLecture Outlines. Chapter 15. Astronomy Today 7th Edition Chaisson/McMillan Pearson Education, Inc.
Lecture Outlines Chapter 15 Astronomy Today 7th Edition Chaisson/McMillan Chapter 15 The Formation of Planetary Systems Units of Chapter 15 15.1 Modeling Planet Formation 15.2 Terrestrial and Jovian Planets
More informationLecture 16. How did it happen? How long did it take? Where did it occur? Was there more than 1 process?
Planet formation in the Solar System Lecture 16 How did it happen? How long did it take? Where did it occur? Was there more than 1 process? Planet formation How do planets form?? By what mechanism? Planet
More informationFormation of the Solar System Chapter 8
Formation of the Solar System Chapter 8 To understand the formation of the solar system one has to apply concepts such as: Conservation of angular momentum Conservation of energy The theory of the formation
More informationSta%s%cal Proper%es of Exoplanets
Sta%s%cal Proper%es of Exoplanets Mordasini et al. 2009, A&A, 501, 1139 Next: Popula%on Synthesis 1 Goals of Population Synthesis: incorporate essential planet formation processes, with simplifying approximation
More informationRuth Murray-Clay University of California, Santa Barbara
A Diversity of Worlds: Toward a Theoretical Framework for the Structures of Planetary Systems Ruth Murray-Clay University of California, Santa Barbara Strange New Worlds. Slide credit: Scott Gaudi ~1500
More informationYoung Solar-like Systems
Young Solar-like Systems FIG.2. Panels(a),(b),and(c)show 2.9,1.3,and 0.87 mm ALMA continuum images of other panels, as well as an inset with an enlarged view of the inner 300 mas centered on the (f) show
More informationSIMULTANEOUS FORMATION OF GIANT PLANETS
SIMULTANEOUS FORMATION OF GIANT PLANETS ANDREA FORTIER O. GUILERA, O.G. BENVENUTO, A. BRUNINI RINGBERG, 30 NOVEMBER 2010 PHYSIKALISCHES INSTITUT, UNIVERSITY OF BERN, SWITZERLAND FCAGLP, UNIVERSIDAD DE
More informationLecture Outlines. Chapter 15. Astronomy Today 8th Edition Chaisson/McMillan Pearson Education, Inc.
Lecture Outlines Chapter 15 Astronomy Today 8th Edition Chaisson/McMillan Chapter 15 Exoplanets Units of Chapter 15 15.1 Modeling Planet Formation 15.2 Solar System Regularities and Irregularities 15.3
More informationDefinitions. Stars: M>0.07M s Burn H. Brown dwarfs: M<0.07M s No Burning. Planets No Burning. Dwarf planets. cosmic composition (H+He)
Definitions Stars: M>0.07M s Burn H cosmic composition (H+He) Brown dwarfs: M
More informationData from: The Extrasolar Planet Encyclopaedia.
Data from: The Extrasolar Planet Encyclopaedia http://exoplanet.eu/ 2009->10 Status of Exoplanet Searches Direct Detection: 5->9 planets detected Sensitive to large planets in large orbits around faint
More informationPractical Numerical Training UKNum
Practical Numerical Training UKNum Conclusions Dr. H. Klahr & Dr. C. Mordasini Max Planck Institute for Astronomy, Heidelberg Programm: 1) Weiterführende Vorlesungen 2) Fragebogen 3) Eigene Forschung 4)
More informationsee disks around new stars in Orion nebula where planets are probably being formed 3
Planet Formation contracting cloud forms stars swirling disk of material around forming star (H, He, C, O, heavier elements, molecules, dust ) form planets New born star heats up material, blows away solar
More informationMigration. Phil Armitage (University of Colorado) 4Migration regimes 4Time scale for massive planet formation 4Observational signatures
Phil Armitage (University of Colorado) Migration 4Migration regimes 4Time scale for massive planet formation 4Observational signatures Ken Rice (UC Riverside) Dimitri Veras (Colorado) + Mario Livio, Steve
More informationTime: a new dimension of constraints for planet formation and evolution theory
S. Jin, P. Mollière Max Planck Institut for Astronomy, Heidelberg, Germany Y. Alibert & W. Benz University of Bern, Switzerland Christoph Mordasini PLATO meeting Taormina 3.12.2014 Time: a new dimension
More informationPLANETARY FORMATION THEORY EXPLORING EXOPLANETS
PLANETARY FORMATION THEORY EXPLORING EXOPLANETS This is what we call planets around OTHER stars! PLANETARY FORMATION THEORY EXPLORING EXOPLANETS This is only as of June 2012. We ve found at least double
More informationOrigin of the Solar System
Origin of the Solar System Look for General Properties Dynamical Regularities Orbits in plane, nearly circular Orbit sun in same direction (CCW from N.P.) Rotation Axes to orbit plane (Sun & most planets;
More informationOther migration processes. New transiting hot Jupiters from last week. First success from CoRoT. Kozai mechanism
Other migration processes Previous lecture: Migration through planet-disk interactions Type I: low-mass planet (does not clear a gap in disk) Type II: high-mass panet (has cleared gap) Type III: runaway
More informationComparative Planetology I: Our Solar System
Comparative Planetology I: Our Solar System Guiding Questions 1. Are all the other planets similar to Earth, or are they very different? 2. Do other planets have moons like Earth s Moon? 3. How do astronomers
More informationEART164: PLANETARY ATMOSPHERES
EART164: PLANETARY ATMOSPHERES Francis Nimmo Last Week - Dynamics Reynolds number, turbulent vs. laminar flow Velocity fluctuations, Kolmogorov cascade Brunt-Vaisala frequency, gravity waves Rossby waves,
More informationThe Physics of Exoplanets
The Physics of Exoplanets Heike Rauer Institut für Planetenforschung, DLR, Berlin-Adlershof, Zentrum für Astronomie und Astrophysik, TU Berlin Formation in protoplanetary disk, migration Loss of primary,
More informationDr G. I. Ogilvie Lent Term 2005 INTRODUCTION
Accretion Discs Mathematical Tripos, Part III Dr G. I. Ogilvie Lent Term 2005 INTRODUCTION 0.1. Accretion If a particle of mass m falls from infinity and comes to rest on the surface of a star of mass
More informationWho was here? How can you tell? This is called indirect evidence!
1 Who was here? How can you tell? This is called indirect evidence! 2 How does a planetary system form? The one we can study in the most detail is our solar system. If we want to know whether the solar
More informationToday. Solar System Formation. a few more bits and pieces. Homework due
Today Solar System Formation a few more bits and pieces Homework due Pluto Charon 3000 km Asteroids small irregular rocky bodies Comets icy bodies Formation of the Solar System How did these things come
More informationObservational Cosmology Journal Club
Observational Cosmology Journal Club 07/09/2018 Shijie Wang 1. Heller, R. (2018). Formation of hot Jupiters through disk migration and evolving stellar tides. Retrieved from arxiv.1806.06601 2. Rey, J.,
More informationUnit 3 Lesson 2 Gravity and the Solar System. Copyright Houghton Mifflin Harcourt Publishing Company
Florida Benchmarks SC.8.N.1.4 Explain how hypotheses are valuable if they lead to further investigations, even if they turn out not to be supported by the data. SC.8.N.1.5 Analyze the methods used to develop
More informationHow do we model each process of planet formation? How do results depend on the model parameters?
How do we model each process of planet formation? How do results depend on the model parameters? Planetary Population Synthesis: The Predictive Power of Planet Formation Theory, Ringberg, Nov 29, 2010
More informationOrigin of the Solar System
Origin of the Solar System Current Properties of the Solar System Look for General Properties Dynamical Regularities Orbits in plane, nearly circular Orbit sun in same direction (CCW from North pole) Rotation
More informationPlanets: Name Distance from Sun Satellites Year Day Mercury 0.4AU yr 60 days Venus yr 243 days* Earth 1 1 yr 1 day Mars 1.
The Solar System (Ch. 6 in text) We will skip from Ch. 6 to Ch. 15, only a survey of the solar system, the discovery of extrasolar planets (in more detail than the textbook), and the formation of planetary
More informationWhat does the solar system look like?
What does the solar system look like? The solar system exhibits clear patterns of composition and motion. These patterns are far more important and interesting than numbers, names, and other trivia. Relative
More informationThe Formation of the Solar System
The Formation of the Solar System Basic Facts to be explained : 1. Each planet is relatively isolated in space. 2. Orbits nearly circular. 3. All roughly orbit in the same plane. 4. Planets are all orbiting
More informationThe dynamical evolution of the asteroid belt in the pebble accretion scenario
The dynamical evolution of the asteroid belt in the pebble accretion scenario S. Pirani 1, A. Johansen 1, B. Bitsch 1, A. J. Mustill 1 and D. Turrini 2,3 1 Lund Observatory, Department of Astronomy and
More information1. Solar System Overview
Astronomy 241: Foundations of Astrophysics I 1. Solar System Overview 0. Units and Precision 1. Constituents of the Solar System 2. Motions: Rotation and Revolution 3. Formation Scenario Units Text uses
More informationGlobal models of planetary system formation. Richard Nelson Queen Mary, University of London
Global models of planetary system formation Richard Nelson Queen Mary, University of London Hot Jupiters Cold Jupiters Super-Earths/ Neptunes 2 Sumi et al (2016) Occurence rates 30-50% of FGK stars host
More informationAstronomy A BEGINNER S GUIDE TO THE UNIVERSE EIGHTH EDITION
Astronomy A BEGINNER S GUIDE TO THE UNIVERSE EIGHTH EDITION CHAPTER 4 The Solar System Lecture Presentation 4.0 What can be seen with the naked eye? Early astronomers knew about the Sun, Moon, stars, Mercury,
More informationClicker Question: Clicker Question: Clicker Question:
Test results Last day to drop without a grade is Feb 29 Grades posted in cabinet and online F D C B A In which direction would the Earth move if the Sun s gravitational force were suddenly removed from
More informationNotes: The Solar System
Notes: The Solar System The Formation of the Solar System 1. A gas cloud collapses under the influence of gravity. 2. Solids condense at the center, forming a protostar. 3. A falttened disk of matter surrounds
More informationLecture 44: The Future of Life in the Solar System
Lecture 44 The Future of Life in the Solar System Astronomy 141 Autumn 2009 This lecture is about the future of life in the Solar System. The Sun today is a steadily shining, middle-aged Main Sequence
More informationDynamically Unstable Planetary Systems Emerging Out of Gas Disks
EXTREME SOLAR SYSTEMS ASP Conference Series, Vol. 398, 2008 D. Fischer, F. A. Rasio, S. E. Thorsett, and A. Wolszczan Dynamically Unstable Planetary Systems Emerging Out of Gas Disks Soko Matsumura, Edward
More informationAstronomy 1 Winter Lecture 11; January
Astronomy 1 Winter 2011 Lecture 11; January 31 2011 Previously on Astro-1 Properties of the Planets: Orbits in the same plane and direction Inner planets are small and made of heavy elements Outer planets
More informationPlanet Formation: theory and observations. Sean Raymond University of Colorado (until Friday) Observatoire de Bordeaux
Planet Formation: theory and observations Sean Raymond University of Colorado (until Friday) Observatoire de Bordeaux Outline Stages of Planet Formation Solar System Formation Cores to disks (c2d) Observational
More informationAstronomy 330 HW 2. Outline. Presentations. ! Kira Bonk ascension.html
Astronomy 330 This class (Lecture 11): What is f p? Eric Gobst Suharsh Sivakumar Next Class: Life in the Solar System HW 2 Kira Bonk http://www.ufodigest.com/news/0308/ ascension.html Matthew Tenpas http://morphman.hubpages.com/hub/alien-
More information-Melissa Greenberg, Arielle Hoffman, Zachary Feldmann, Ryan Pozin, Elizabeth Weeks, Christopher Pesota, & Sara Pilcher
-Melissa Greenberg, Arielle Hoffman, Zachary Feldmann, Ryan Pozin, Elizabeth Weeks, Christopher Pesota, & Sara Pilcher Formation Overview All explanations as to how the solar system was formed are only
More informationAstronomy Wed. Oct. 6
Astronomy 301 - Wed. Oct. 6 Guest lectures, Monday and today: Prof. Harriet Dinerstein Monday: The outer planets & their moons Today: asteroids, comets, & the Kuiper Belt; formation of the Solar System
More informationThe formation & evolution of solar systems
The formation & evolution of solar systems Content expectations Birth of the Solar System What did the material that eventually became the Sun and planets look like originally? Interstellar clouds like
More informationChapter 15 The Formation of Planetary Systems
Chapter 15 The Formation of Planetary Systems Units of Chapter 15 15.1 Modeling Planet Formation 15.2 Formation of the Solar System 15.3 Terrestrial and Jovian Planets 15.4 Interplanetary Debris 15.5 Solar
More informationExoplanets: a dynamic field
Exoplanets: a dynamic field Alexander James Mustill Amy Bonsor, Melvyn B. Davies, Boris Gänsicke, Anders Johansen, Dimitri Veras, Eva Villaver The (transiting) exoplanet population Solar System Hot Jupiters:
More informationExtrasolar Planets and Chemical Abundance
Extrasolar Planets and Chemical Abundance Intermediate Graduate Physics Seminar Waqas Bhatti May 1, 2007 Abstract Over 200 extrasolar planets have been discovered since the first confirmed observation
More informationThe evolution of a Solar-like system. Young Solar-like Systems. Searching for Extrasolar Planets: Motivation
Young Solar-like Systems The evolution of a Solar-like system FIG.2. Panels(a),(b),and(c)show2.9,1.3,and0.87mmALMAcontinuum images of HL Tau. Panel (d) shows the 1.3 mm psf for the same FOV as the other
More informationPlanet-like Companion to a Brown Dwarf
National Aeronautics and Space Administration Planet-like Companion to a Brown Dwarf Taken from: Hubble 2010: Science Year in Review Produced by NASA Goddard Space Flight Center and the Space Telescope
More informationExtrasolar Planets: Dynamics and Formation - Numerical Simulations for Terrestrial Planet Formation
Extrasolar Planets: Dynamics and Formation - Numerical Simulations for Terrestrial Planet Formation Jianghui JI 1, 3 Collaborators: Lin LIU 2, H. Kinoshita 4, H. Nakai 4, G. LI 1, 3 J. E. Chambers 5, R.
More informationRV- method: disturbing oscilla8ons Example: F- star Procyon
Star spots RV- method: disturbing oscilla8ons Example: F- star Procyon In- class ac8vity (1) 1) You are working with the HARPS instrument and you want to unambiguously detect Jupiter-twins around nearby
More informationASTRONOMY (ASTRON) ASTRON 113 HANDS ON THE UNIVERSE 1 credit.
Astronomy (ASTRON) 1 ASTRONOMY (ASTRON) ASTRON 100 SURVEY OF ASTRONOMY 4 credits. Modern exploration of the solar system; our galaxy of stars, gas and dust; how stars are born, age and die; unusual objects
More informationExoplanets: the quest for Earth twins
369, 572 581 doi:1.198/rsta.21.245 Exoplanets: the quest for Earth twins BY MICHEL MAYOR*, STEPHANE UDRY, FRANCESCO PEPE AND CHRISTOPHE LOVIS Observatoire de Genève, Université de Genève, Geneva, Switzerland
More informationJupiter, Saturn, Uranus and Neptune: their formation in few million years
Jupiter, Saturn, Uranus and Neptune: their formation in few million years Omar G. Benvenuto, Andrea Fortier & Adrián Brunini Facultad de Ciencias Astronómicas y Geofísicas Universidad Nacional de La Plata
More informationExtrasolar Planets. Today. Dwarf Planets. Extrasolar Planets. Next week. Review Tuesday. Exam Thursday. also, Homework 6 Due
Extrasolar Planets Today Dwarf Planets Extrasolar Planets Next week Review Tuesday Exam Thursday also, Homework 6 Due will count best 5 of 6 homeworks 2007 Pearson Education Inc., publishing as Pearson
More informationThe Ecology of Stars
The Ecology of Stars We have been considering stars as individuals; what they are doing and what will happen to them Now we want to look at their surroundings And their births 1 Interstellar Matter Space
More informationExtrasolar Planets: Molecules and Disks
Extrasolar Planets: Molecules and Disks The basic question: Is our solar system typical of what we should affect around other stars (inhabited or not), or is it an unusual freak? One approach is to look
More informationAstronomy 405 Solar System and ISM
Astronomy 405 Solar System and ISM Lecture 17 Planetary System Formation and Evolution February 22, 2013 grav collapse opposed by turbulence, B field, thermal Cartoon of Star Formation isolated, quasi-static,
More informationAstronomy 122 Midterm
Astronomy 122 Midterm This Class (Lecture 15): Stellar Evolution: The Main Sequence Next Class: Stellar Evolution: Post-Main Sequence Midterm on Thursday! Last week for Nightlabs 1 hour exam in this classroom
More informationChapter 19 The Origin of the Solar System
Chapter 19 The Origin of the Solar System Early Hypotheses catastrophic hypotheses, e.g., passing star hypothesis: Star passing closely to the the sun tore material out of the sun, from which planets could
More informationAstronomy 405 Solar System and ISM
Astronomy 405 Solar System and ISM Lecture 18 Planetary System Formation and Evolution February 25, 2013 grav collapse opposed by turbulence, B field, thermal Cartoon of Star Formation isolated, quasi-static,
More informationAlibert,Y., Mordasini, C., Benz, W., Winisdoerffer, C Models of Giant Planet Formation with Migration and Disc Evolution. A&A. 434.
Kepustakaan Photometer and Spacecraft Kepler Mission: A Search for Habitable Planet. (http://kepler.nasa.gov/sci/design/spacecraft.html) Alexander, A.. Astrometry: The Past And Future of Planet Hunting.
More informationAstronomy 241: Foundations of Astrophysics I. The Solar System
Astronomy 241: Foundations of Astrophysics I. The Solar System Astronomy 241 is the first part of a year-long introduction to astrophysics. It uses basic classical mechanics and thermodynamics to analyze
More informationSimon P. Balm Astro 5 Test #3 Sample Questions
Simon P. Balm Astro 5 Test #3 Sample Questions 1. What do we mean by the general habitability of a planet? A. the suitability for Life on it surface B. the suitability for Life beneath its surface C. its
More informationCosmology Vocabulary
Cosmology Vocabulary Vocabulary Words Terrestrial Planets The Sun Gravity Galaxy Lightyear Axis Comets Kuiper Belt Oort Cloud Meteors AU Nebula Solar System Cosmology Universe Coalescence Jovian Planets
More informationIntroduction to Astronomy. Lecture 7: Observing Stars Star Birth, Stellar Interiors, and Stellar Evolution
Introduction to Astronomy Lecture 7: Observing Stars Star Birth, Stellar Interiors, and Stellar Evolution 1 Stars What are they? Massive gas bodies in space Generates light by fusion Defined by fusion
More informationplanet migration driven by a planetesimal disk Solar System & extra solar planets: evidence for/against planet migration?
2 planet migration driven by a gas disk: type I & type II planet migration driven by a planetesimal disk Solar System & extra solar planets: evidence for/against planet migration? 3 Type I migration: follow
More informationChapter 15: The Origin of the Solar System
Chapter 15: The Origin of the Solar System The Solar Nebula Hypothesis Basis of modern theory of planet formation: Planets form at the same time from the same cloud as the star. Planet formation sites
More informationExtrasolar Planets. Dieter Schmitt Max Planck Institute for Solar System Research Katlenburg-Lindau
Extrasolar Planets Dieter Schmitt Max Planck Institute for Solar System Research Katlenburg-Lindau Lecture Introduction to Solar System Physics Uni Göttingen, 8 June 2009 Outline Historical Overview Detection
More informationHabitable Planets: 2 Estimating f s "
Habitable Planets: 2 Estimating f s " Stellar Requirements (f s )" We assume that our planet needs to orbit a star" Leaves out planets around brown dwarfs" Leaves out nomad planets (may be many)" About
More informationImportance of the study of extrasolar planets. Exoplanets Introduction. Importance of the study of extrasolar planets
Importance of the study of extrasolar planets Exoplanets Introduction Planets and Astrobiology (2017-2018) G. Vladilo Technological and scientific spin-offs Exoplanet observations are driving huge technological
More informationThe Little Things. Today. Rings, meteorites. Asteroids & Comets. Dwarf Planets Events. Homework 5. Due
Today The Little Things Rings, meteorites Asteroids & Comets Dwarf Planets Events Homework 5 Due geysers on Triton Rocky Planets versus Icy Moons Rock melts at higher temperatures. Only large rocky planets
More informationPlanetary interiors: What they can(not) tell us about formation
Planetary interiors: What they can(not) tell us about formation Methods and constraints Jérémy Leconte Timeline Formation ( 1-10 Myr) Mass Radius Orbital Parameters Stellar Parameters... Evolution ( 1-10
More informationWhy Search for Extrasolar Planets?
Why Search for Extrasolar Planets? What is the diversity of habitats for life in the universe? Are Earth-like planets common or rare in our region of the galaxy? We have an elaborate and self-consistent
More informationEvolution of protoplanetary discs
Evolution of protoplanetary discs and why it is important for planet formation Bertram Bitsch Lund Observatory April 2015 Bertram Bitsch (Lund) Evolution of protoplanetary discs April 2015 1 / 41 Observations
More informationExtrasolar Planets: Ushering in the Era of Comparative Exoplanetology
Extrasolar Planets: Ushering in the Era of Comparative Exoplanetology A. Sozzetti INAF Osservatorio Astrofisico di Torino Detection/Characterization Detection (Visible): - Doppler spectroscopy (95%) -
More information2/24/2014. Early Earth (Hadean) Early Earth. Terms. Chondrule Chondrite Hadean Big Bang Nucleosynthesis Fusion Supernova
Early (Hadean) Early Terms Chondrule Chondrite Hadean Big Bang Nucleosynthesis Fusion Supernova Hadean Time Nucleosynthesis The elements H, He, and traces of Li were formed in the original Big Bang. Latest
More informationSolar System evolution and the diversity of planetary systems
Solar System evolution and the diversity of planetary systems Alessandro Morbidelli (OCA, Nice) Work in collaboration with: R. Brasser, A. Crida, R. Gomes, H. Levison, F. Masset, D. O brien, S. Raymond,
More informationLecture 12: Extrasolar planets. Astronomy 111 Monday October 9, 2017
Lecture 12: Extrasolar planets Astronomy 111 Monday October 9, 2017 Reminders Star party Thursday night! Homework #6 due Monday The search for extrasolar planets The nature of life on earth and the quest
More informationAstronomy. physics.wm.edu/~hancock/171/ A. Dayle Hancock. Small 239. Office hours: MTWR 10-11am
Astronomy A. Dayle Hancock adhancock@wm.edu Small 239 Office hours: MTWR 10-11am Planetology II Key characteristics Chemical elements and planet size Radioactive dating Solar system formation Solar nebula
More informationUranus & Neptune: The Ice Giants. Discovery of Uranus. Bode s Law. Discovery of Neptune
Uranus & Neptune: The Ice Giants Discovery of Uranus Discovery of Uranus & Neptune Properties Density & Composition Internal Heat Source Magnetic fields Rings Uranus Rotational Axis by William Herschel
More informationNature and Origin of Planetary Systems f p "
Nature and Origin of Planetary Systems f p " Our Solar System as Example" We know far more about our solar system than about any other" It does have (at least) one planet suitable for life" Start with
More informationASTR 380 The Drake Equation
ASTR 380 The Drake Equation 1 ASTR 380 The Drake Equation Drake Equation Methodology Reviewing Drake Equation factors that we know The star formation rate Estimating the number of Earth-like planets or
More informationWhich of the following correctly describes the meaning of albedo?
Which of the following correctly describes the meaning of albedo? A) The lower the albedo, the more light the surface reflects, and the less it absorbs. B) The higher the albedo, the more light the surface
More informationOn the relation between stars and their planets
On the relation between stars and their planets Nuno C. Santos Centro de Astrofísica, Universidade do Porto Instituto de Astrofísica e Ciências do Espaço Why we stellar parameters are important in exoplanets
More informationExtrasolar Planets. Properties Pearson Education Inc., publishing as Pearson Addison-Wesley
Extrasolar Planets Properties 2007 Pearson Education Inc., publishing as Pearson Addison-Wesley Finding extrasolar planets is hard quick recap Planet Detection Direct: pictures or spectra of the planets
More informationStar. Planet. Chapter 1 Our Place in the Universe. 1.1 A Modern View of the Universe Our goals for learning: What is our place in the universe?
Chapter 1 Our Place in the Universe 1.1 A Modern View of the Universe Our goals for learning: What is our place in the universe? How did we come to be? How can we know what the universe was like in the
More information7 Good Reasons Why There Might Be Life On Other Planets Reason #1: Extremophiles on Earth
Reason #1: Extremophiles on Earth One of the big questions is whether life could evolve and survive on a world radically different than Earth. The answer appears to be yes, if you consider that even Earth
More information