Black Body Radiation and Planck's Quantum Hypothesis

Size: px
Start display at page:

Download "Black Body Radiation and Planck's Quantum Hypothesis"

Transcription

1 Section 3: Black Body Radiation and Planck's Quantum Hypothesis Definitions Opaque materials: materials in which no light is allowed to pass through; all light is either absorbed or reflected. Radiation: Energy travelling in the form of electromagnetic waves or photons. 1

2 A. What is a blackbody and what is blackbody radiation? Any opaque body that has a temperature above absolute zero (0 K = 273 ) radiates photons. We can feel the warmth of a fireplace, a stove element or sun without touching them. A blackbody is an ideal concept. It is that perfect object which absorbs all radiation that falls on it. Such a body is obviously "black" in the usual sense because it absorbs all light that falls on it. However, it also absorbs all other types of electromagnetic radiation that happens to strike it. Objects that are excellent absorbers are also excellent emitters. So, a blackbody (or an object that is very nearly like an ideal blackbody) will emit radiation more efficiently than any other object. This radiation is called blackbody radiation. 2

3 B. What's the best way to make a blackbody radiate energy? Heat it up! Consider the element on an electric range. As you turn up the current, the element first turns pink and then a deeper red. It is obviously emitting red light. But before it began to glow, it was emitting infrared radiation which we experience as heat. Of course, it continues to give off infrared along with the visible red light as it becomes hotter. In other words, the element is emitting a range of wavelengths (or, if you like, a range of frequencies). You have probably seen industrial films or videos where objects become so hot that they pass through the red phase and emit orangered, then yellow, and, if made hot enough, white light which is really a mixture of all the rainbow colours. Much of the radiation, however, is still in the infrared range. Our eyes are very good detectors for the frequencies from red to blue, but we cannot see infrared. However, if you hold your hand close to a hot body you can feel the heating effects of infrared radiation. 3

4 Imagine that the intensity of radiation is measured as it is emitted from a red hot electric stove element. A characteristic graph is shown below. It takes a little effort to get use to the graph. Here are some things that you should note: the graph is not showing a change in temperature. The temperature of the element is fixed and therefore is the same everywhere on the curve. the x axis is not time. That is, the graph is not saying that at first the element was red and then started to emit heat. the graph is a snap shot of the type of radiation from the element. There is definitely some red light, but you can tell from the bump that the maximum radiated intensity has a wavelength that is beyond the red and well into the infrared region. 4

5 A Family of Graphs of the Emitted Radiation for Three Different Temperatures There are two things that you should notice about the set of three graphs above: the intensity of radiation increases as the temperature of the blackbody increases. This should come as no surprise. as temperature increases the peaks shift to the left. Note that the peak of graph 2 occurs at a smaller wavelength (and larger frequency) that does the peak of graph 1. And the peak intensity of graph 3 has a wavelength than is smaller that that of graph 2. You should be able to see that for the extremely hot blackbody (graph 3) some of the radiation is actually in the ultraviolet frequency range, and the peak energy emission has a wavelength that is very close to that of visible red. 5

6 1 What is the energy of a photon whose wavelength is 510 nm? a) 2.4 ev b) 3.9 ev c) 6.2 ev d) 0.4 ev 2 Which statement is false? a) hot tea will cool faster in a black teapot than in a white teapot b) ice cream will melt faster in a black tub than in white tub c) A black ball and a white ball that have been sitting in the same room for days will have the same temperature d) A black object absorbs radiation very well, but is a poor emitter of radiation. 3 According to the 4 emission graphs shown, which hot object will we see glowing the reddest? a) 1 b) 2 c) 3 d) 4 4 According to the 4 emission graphs of #2, for which object would our eyes be no good in helping us to determine if the object was hot? a) 1 b) 2 c) 3 d) 4 6

A100H Exploring the Universe: The interaction of light and matter. Martin D. Weinberg UMass Astronomy

A100H Exploring the Universe: The interaction of light and matter. Martin D. Weinberg UMass Astronomy A100H Exploring the Universe: The interaction of light and matter Martin D. Weinberg UMass Astronomy astron100h-mdw@courses.umass.edu February 11, 2016 Read: Chap 5 02/11/16 slide 1 Exam #1: Thu 18 Feb

More information

AST 105 Intro Astronomy The Solar System. MIDTERM II: Tuesday, April 5 [covering Lectures 10 through 16]

AST 105 Intro Astronomy The Solar System. MIDTERM II: Tuesday, April 5 [covering Lectures 10 through 16] AST 105 Intro Astronomy The Solar System MIDTERM II: Tuesday, April 5 [covering Lectures 10 through 16] REVIEW Light as Information Bearer We can separate light into its different wavelengths (spectrum).

More information

What is LIGHT? Reading Question

What is LIGHT? Reading Question Reading Question What is LIGHT? A. Light is a wave, like sound only much faster. B. Light is like little particles. Each one is a photon. C. Light is the absence of dark. D. A kind of energy we model with

More information

Lecture5PracticeQuiz.txt

Lecture5PracticeQuiz.txt TAKEN FROM HORIZONS 7TH EDITION CHAPTER 6 TUTORIAL QUIZ 1. The difference between radiation and sound is that a. radiation exhibits the Doppler effect, whereas sound does not. b. radiation travels much

More information

In class quiz - nature of light. Moonbow with Sailboats (Matt BenDaniel)

In class quiz - nature of light. Moonbow with Sailboats (Matt BenDaniel) In class quiz - nature of light Moonbow with Sailboats (Matt BenDaniel) Nature of light - review Light travels at very high but finite speed. Light is electromagnetic wave characterized by wavelength (or

More information

Heat Transfer. Conduction, Convection, and Radiation. Review: Temperature

Heat Transfer. Conduction, Convection, and Radiation. Review: Temperature Heat Transfer Conduction, Convection, and Radiation Review: Temperature! Temperature is:! The quantity that tells how hot or cold something is compared with a standard! A measure of the average kinetic

More information

11/18/2010. Only part of the spectrum we can see. A rainbow of colors, each corresponding to a different wavelength.

11/18/2010. Only part of the spectrum we can see. A rainbow of colors, each corresponding to a different wavelength. The sun is the source of energy to heat the Earth s surface. Solar energy makes it s way to Earth by an energy transfer mechanism called radiation. Energy transferred this way travels outwards in all directions

More information

Chapter 5: Light and Matter: Reading Messages from the Cosmos

Chapter 5: Light and Matter: Reading Messages from the Cosmos Chapter 5 Lecture Chapter 5: Light and Matter: Reading Messages from the Cosmos Light and Matter: Reading Messages from the Cosmos 5.1 Light in Everyday Life Our goals for learning: How do we experience

More information

OBJECTIVES FOR TODAY S CLASS:

OBJECTIVES FOR TODAY S CLASS: OBJECTIVES FOR TODAY S CLASS: To understand the key differences between Solar radiation & Terrestrial radiation based on the principles of the Radiation Laws. WRAP UP OF TOPIC #4... ELECTROMANGETIC RADIATION

More information

ASTRONOMY 161. Introduction to Solar System Astronomy. Class 9

ASTRONOMY 161. Introduction to Solar System Astronomy. Class 9 ASTRONOMY 161 Introduction to Solar System Astronomy Class 9 Light Monday, January 29 Look, but don t touch. - Astronomers Motto Light: Key Concepts (1) Visible light is just one form of electromagnetic

More information

Exercises Conduction (pages ) 1. Define conduction. 2. What is a conductor?

Exercises Conduction (pages ) 1. Define conduction. 2. What is a conductor? Exercises 22.1 Conduction (pages 431 432) 1. Define conduction. 2. What is a conductor? 3. are the best conductors. 4. In conduction, between particles transfer thermal energy. 5. Is the following sentence

More information

L 18 Thermodynamics [3] Heat flow. Conduction. Convection. Thermal Conductivity. heat conduction. Heat transfer

L 18 Thermodynamics [3] Heat flow. Conduction. Convection. Thermal Conductivity. heat conduction. Heat transfer L 18 Thermodynamics [3] Heat transfer convection conduction emitters of seeing behind closed doors Greenhouse effect Heat Capacity How to boil water Heat flow HEAT the energy that flows from one system

More information

NOTES: 5.3 Light and Atomic Spectra (more Quantum Mechanics!)

NOTES: 5.3 Light and Atomic Spectra (more Quantum Mechanics!) NOTES: 5.3 Light and Atomic Spectra (more Quantum Mechanics!) Light WAVE or PARTICLE? Electromagnetic Radiation Electromagnetic radiation includes: -radio waves -microwaves -infrared waves -visible light

More information

Light and Matter: Reading Messages from the Cosmos. White light is made up of many different colors. Interactions of Light with Matter

Light and Matter: Reading Messages from the Cosmos. White light is made up of many different colors. Interactions of Light with Matter Chapter 5 Lecture The Cosmic Perspective Light and Matter: Reading Messages from the Cosmos 5.1 Light in Everyday Life Our goals for learning: How do we experience light? How do light and matter interact?

More information

Chapter 5 Light and Matter: Reading Messages from the Cosmos. 5.1 Light in Everyday Life. How do we experience light?

Chapter 5 Light and Matter: Reading Messages from the Cosmos. 5.1 Light in Everyday Life. How do we experience light? Chapter 5 Light and Matter: Reading Messages from the Cosmos 5.1 Light in Everyday Life Our goals for learning: How do we experience light? How do light and matter interact? How do we experience light?

More information

Name: Partner(s): 1102 or 3311: Desk # Date: Spectroscopy Part I

Name: Partner(s): 1102 or 3311: Desk # Date: Spectroscopy Part I Name: Partner(s): 1102 or 3311: Desk # Date: Spectroscopy Part I Purpose Investigate Kirchhoff s Laws for continuous, emission and absorption spectra Analyze the solar spectrum and identify unknown lines

More information

THERMODYNAMICS METHODS OF HEAT TRANSFER RADIATION

THERMODYNAMICS METHODS OF HEAT TRANSFER RADIATION VISUAL PHYSICS ONLINE THERMODYNAMICS METHODS OF HEAT TRANSFER RADIATION Radiation is the energy transferred by electromagnetic waves mainly infrared (IR), visible and ultraviolet (UV). All materials radiate

More information

Chapter 5 Light and Matter: Reading Messages from the Cosmos

Chapter 5 Light and Matter: Reading Messages from the Cosmos Chapter 5 Light and Matter: Reading Messages from the Cosmos 5.1 Light in Everyday Life Our goals for learning How do we experience light? How do light and matter interact? How do we experience light?

More information

Types of Spectra. How do spectrum lines form? 3/30/09. Electron cloud. Atom. Nucleus

Types of Spectra. How do spectrum lines form? 3/30/09. Electron cloud. Atom. Nucleus The electron should be thought of as a distribution or cloud of probability around the nucleus that on average behave like a point particle on a fixed circular path Types of Spectra How do spectrum lines

More information

Physics 1161: Lecture 22

Physics 1161: Lecture 22 Physics 1161: Lecture 22 Blackbody Radiation Photoelectric Effect Wave-Particle Duality sections 30-1 30-4 Everything comes unglued The predictions of classical physics (Newton s laws and Maxwell s equations)

More information

Astronomy 1143 Quiz 2 Review

Astronomy 1143 Quiz 2 Review Astronomy 1143 Quiz 2 Review Prof. Pradhan October 1, 2018 Light 1. What is light? Light is electromagnetic energy It is both a particle (photon) and a wave 2. How is light created and what can light interact

More information

Chapter 5 Light and Matter: Reading Messages from the Cosmos. How do we experience light? Colors of Light. How do light and matter interact?

Chapter 5 Light and Matter: Reading Messages from the Cosmos. How do we experience light? Colors of Light. How do light and matter interact? Chapter 5 Light and Matter: Reading Messages from the Cosmos How do we experience light? The warmth of sunlight tells us that light is a form of energy We can measure the amount of energy emitted by a

More information

Emission of Light & Atomic Models 1

Emission of Light & Atomic Models 1 Emission of Light & Atomic Models 1 Objective At the end of this activity you should be able to: o Explain what photons are, and be able to calculate their energies given either their frequency or wavelength.

More information

Lightbulbs. Lecture 18 : Blackbody spectrum Improving lightbulb efficiency

Lightbulbs. Lecture 18 : Blackbody spectrum Improving lightbulb efficiency Lightbulbs Lecture 18 : Blackbody spectrum Improving lightbulb efficiency Reminders: HW 7 due Monday at 10pm Simulations available in G116 Reading quiz on Tuesday, 10.1 EM radiation so far EM radiation

More information

Newton s Laws of Motion

Newton s Laws of Motion Newton s Laws of Motion #1: A body continues at rest or in uniform motion in a straight line unless acted upon by a force. Why doesn t the soccer ball move on its own? What causes a soccer ball to roll

More information

Explain how Planck resolved the ultraviolet catastrophe in blackbody radiation. Calculate energy of quanta using Planck s equation.

Explain how Planck resolved the ultraviolet catastrophe in blackbody radiation. Calculate energy of quanta using Planck s equation. Objectives Explain how Planck resolved the ultraviolet catastrophe in blackbody radiation. Calculate energy of quanta using Planck s equation. Solve problems involving maximum kinetic energy, work function,

More information

10/21/2015. Lightbulbs. Blackbody spectrum. Temperature and total emitted power (brightness) Blackbody spectrum and temperature

10/21/2015. Lightbulbs. Blackbody spectrum. Temperature and total emitted power (brightness) Blackbody spectrum and temperature Lightbulbs EM radiation so far EM radiation is a periodic modulation of the electric field: travels as a wave Wavelength (or frequency) determines: - type of EM radiation - if in visible range, wavelength

More information

Understanding Sight Requires. Understanding Light Understanding the Eye-Brain

Understanding Sight Requires. Understanding Light Understanding the Eye-Brain Seeing Things Understanding Sight Requires Understanding Light Understanding the Eye-Brain The Eye & Brain (- are part of how we see.) http://www.michaelbach.de/ot/mot_adaptspiral/index.html Meet our

More information

Conduction is the transfer of heat by the direct contact of particles of matter.

Conduction is the transfer of heat by the direct contact of particles of matter. Matter and Energy Chapter 9 energy flows from a material at a higher temperature to a material at a lower temperature. This process is called heat transfer. How is heat transferred from material to material,

More information

TOPIC # 6 The RADIATION LAWS

TOPIC # 6 The RADIATION LAWS TOPIC # 6 The RADIATION LAWS More KEYS to unlocking the topics of: The GREENHOUSE EFFECT, GLOBAL WARMING & OZONE DEPLETION! Topic #6 pp 33-38 OBJECTIVES FOR TODAY S CLASS: To understand the essentials

More information

Discussion Review Test #2. Units 12-19: (1) (2) (3) (4) (5) (6)

Discussion Review Test #2. Units 12-19: (1) (2) (3) (4) (5) (6) Discussion Review Test #2 Units 12-19: (1) (2) (3) (4) (5) (6) (7) (8) (9) Galileo used his observations of the changing phases of Venus to demonstrate that a. the sun moves around the Earth b. the universe

More information

THE ELECTROMAGNETIC SPECTRUM. (We will go into more detail later but we need to establish some basic understanding here)

THE ELECTROMAGNETIC SPECTRUM. (We will go into more detail later but we need to establish some basic understanding here) What is color? THE ELECTROMAGNETIC SPECTRUM. (We will go into more detail later but we need to establish some basic understanding here) Light isn t just white: colors is direct evidence that light has

More information

Sound Waves. Sound waves are caused by vibrations and carry energy through a medium

Sound Waves. Sound waves are caused by vibrations and carry energy through a medium Chapter 16 Sound Waves Sound waves are caused by vibrations and carry energy through a medium An example of a compressional wave Waves can spread out in all directions Their speed depends on its medium

More information

QM all started with - - The Spectrum of Blackbody Radiation

QM all started with - - The Spectrum of Blackbody Radiation QM all started with - - The Spectrum of Blackbody Radiation Thermal Radiation: Any object, not at zero temperature, emits electromagnetic called thermal. When we measure the intensity of a real object,

More information

Station 1: Temperature

Station 1: Temperature Station 1: Temperature Temperature is the measure of kinetic energy of the particles in a substance. The movement of particles is actually what we measure as temperature. As we heat up substances, the

More information

Lecture 6. Solar vs. terrestrial radiation and the bare rock climate model.

Lecture 6. Solar vs. terrestrial radiation and the bare rock climate model. Lecture 6 Solar vs. terrestrial radiation and the bare rock climate model. Radiation Controls energy balance of Earth Is all around us all the time. Can be labeled by its source (solar, terrestrial) or

More information

4.2 Properties of Visible Light Date: (pages )

4.2 Properties of Visible Light Date: (pages ) 4.2 Properties of Visible Light Date: (pages 144-149) Visible light is a mixture of all the colours of the rainbow. A prism refracts light separating the colours. A second prism can recombine the colours

More information

PHYS:1200 LECTURE 18 THERMODYNAMICS (3)

PHYS:1200 LECTURE 18 THERMODYNAMICS (3) 1 PHYS:1200 LECTURE 18 THERMODYNAMICS (3) This lecture presents a more detailed discussion of heat flow by radiation and its importance in the physics of the atmosphere. We will discuss some important

More information

Lecture 12. Measurements in Astronomy. Using Light. ASTR 111 Section 002. In astronomy, we need to make remote and indirect measurements

Lecture 12. Measurements in Astronomy. Using Light. ASTR 111 Section 002. In astronomy, we need to make remote and indirect measurements Lecture 12 ASTR 111 Section 002 Measurements in Astronomy In astronomy, we need to make remote and indirect measurements Think of an example of a remote and indirect measurement from everyday life Using

More information

Lecture 4: Heat, and Radiation

Lecture 4: Heat, and Radiation Lecture 4: Heat, and Radiation Heat Heat is a transfer of energy from one object to another. Heat makes things warmer. Heat is measured in units called calories. A calorie is the heat (energy) required

More information

PHYSICS 220. Lecture 25. Textbook Sections Lecture 25 Purdue University, Physics 220 1

PHYSICS 220. Lecture 25. Textbook Sections Lecture 25 Purdue University, Physics 220 1 PHYSICS 220 Lecture 25 Heat Transfer Textbook Sections 14.6 14.8 Lecture 25 Purdue University, Physics 220 1 Overview Last Lecture Heat is FLOW of energy Flow of energy may increase temperature Specific

More information

Thermal Radiation By: Prof. K M Joshi

Thermal Radiation By: Prof. K M Joshi Thermal Radiation By: Prof. K M Joshi Radiation originate due to emission of matter and its subsequent transports does not required any matter / medium. Que: Then what is the nature of this transport???

More information

Light. October 14, ) Exam Review 2) Introduction 3) Light Waves 4) Atoms 5) Light Sources

Light. October 14, ) Exam Review 2) Introduction 3) Light Waves 4) Atoms 5) Light Sources Light October 14, 2002 1) Exam Review 2) Introduction 3) Light Waves 4) Atoms 5) Light Sources Waves You know of many types of waves water, sound, seismic, etc A wave is something oscillating back and

More information

Lecture 7. Outline. ASTR 111 Section 002. Discuss Quiz 5 Light. Light travels through empty space at a speed of 300,000 km/s

Lecture 7. Outline. ASTR 111 Section 002. Discuss Quiz 5 Light. Light travels through empty space at a speed of 300,000 km/s Lecture 7 ASTR 111 Section 002 Outline Discuss Quiz 5 Light Suggested reading: Chapter 5.1-5.2 and 5.6-5.8 of textbook Light travels through empty space at a speed of 300,000 km/s In 1676, Danish astronomer

More information

Electromagnetic Radiation

Electromagnetic Radiation Electromagnetic Radiation aka Light Properties of Light are simultaneously wave-like AND particle-like Sometimes it behaves like ripples on a pond (waves). Sometimes it behaves like billiard balls (particles).

More information

Light & Atoms. Electromagnetic [EM] Waves. Light and several other forms of radiation are called electromagnetic waves or electromagnetic radiation.

Light & Atoms. Electromagnetic [EM] Waves. Light and several other forms of radiation are called electromagnetic waves or electromagnetic radiation. Light & Atoms Electromagnetic [EM] Waves Light and several other forms of radiation are called electromagnetic waves or electromagnetic radiation. These have both and electric part and a magnetic part

More information

Lecture #8. Light-matter interaction. Kirchoff s laws

Lecture #8. Light-matter interaction. Kirchoff s laws 1 Lecture #8 Light-matter interaction Kirchoff s laws 2 Line emission/absorption Atoms: release and absorb photons with a predefined set of energies (discrete). The number of protons determine the chemical

More information

The twin paradox. Star 20 lt-yrs away. 20 yrs 20 yrs 42 yrs 62 yrs

The twin paradox. Star 20 lt-yrs away. 20 yrs 20 yrs 42 yrs 62 yrs The twin paradox Star 20 lt-yrs away Speedo Nogo 20 yrs 20 yrs 42 yrs 62 yrs The twin paradox Star 20 lt-yrs away v = 0.95c Speedo Nogo 20 yrs 20 yrs 42 yrs 62 yrs The twin paradox Star 20 lt-yrs away

More information

5. Light-matter interactions: Blackbody radiation

5. Light-matter interactions: Blackbody radiation 5. Light-matter interactions: Blackbody radiation REMINDER: no lecture on Monday Feb. 6th The electromagnetic spectrum Sources of light Boltzmann's Law Blackbody radiation The cosmic microwave background

More information

Chapter 5 Light and Matter: Reading Messages from the Cosmos. What is light? Properties of Waves. Waves. The Electromagnetic Spectrum

Chapter 5 Light and Matter: Reading Messages from the Cosmos. What is light? Properties of Waves. Waves. The Electromagnetic Spectrum Chapter 5 Light and Matter: Reading Messages from the Cosmos What is light? Light is a form of radiant energy Light can act either like a wave or like a particle (photon) Spectrum of the Sun 1 2 Waves

More information

Properties of Electromagnetic Radiation Chapter 5. What is light? What is a wave? Radiation carries information

Properties of Electromagnetic Radiation Chapter 5. What is light? What is a wave? Radiation carries information Concepts: Properties of Electromagnetic Radiation Chapter 5 Electromagnetic waves Types of spectra Temperature Blackbody radiation Dual nature of radiation Atomic structure Interaction of light and matter

More information

Write the electron configuration for Chromium (Cr):

Write the electron configuration for Chromium (Cr): Write the electron configuration for Chromium (Cr): Energy level Aufbau Principle Atomic orbital Quantum Hund s Rule Atomic number Electron Configuration Whole number Pauli Exlcusion Principle Quantum

More information

λ is a distance, so its units are m, cm, or mm, etc.

λ is a distance, so its units are m, cm, or mm, etc. Electromagnetic Radiation (How we get most of our information about the cosmos) Radiation travels as waves. Waves carry information and energy. Properties of a wave Examples of electromagnetic radiation:

More information

Lecture 5: Greenhouse Effect

Lecture 5: Greenhouse Effect /30/2018 Lecture 5: Greenhouse Effect Global Energy Balance S/ * (1-A) terrestrial radiation cooling Solar radiation warming T S Global Temperature atmosphere Wien s Law Shortwave and Longwave Radiation

More information

Introduction to Electromagnetic Radiation and Radiative Transfer

Introduction to Electromagnetic Radiation and Radiative Transfer Introduction to Electromagnetic Radiation and Radiative Transfer Temperature Dice Results Visible light, infrared (IR), ultraviolet (UV), X-rays, γ-rays, microwaves, and radio are all forms of electromagnetic

More information

Light and Matter(LC)

Light and Matter(LC) Light and Matter(LC) Every astronomy book that I ve seen has at least one chapter dedicated to the physics of light. Why are astronomers so interested in light? Everything* that we know about Astronomical

More information

Recall: The Importance of Light

Recall: The Importance of Light Key Concepts: Lecture 19: Light Light: wave-like behavior Light: particle-like behavior Light: Interaction with matter - Kirchoff s Laws The Wave Nature of Electro-Magnetic Radiation Visible light is just

More information

10.1 Properties of Light

10.1 Properties of Light 10.1 Properties of Light Every time you see, you are using light. You can t see anything in complete darkness! Whether you are looking at a light bulb, or a car, or this book, light brings information

More information

Lecture 5: Greenhouse Effect

Lecture 5: Greenhouse Effect Lecture 5: Greenhouse Effect S/4 * (1-A) T A 4 T S 4 T A 4 Wien s Law Shortwave and Longwave Radiation Selected Absorption Greenhouse Effect Global Energy Balance terrestrial radiation cooling Solar radiation

More information

aka Light Properties of Light are simultaneously

aka Light Properties of Light are simultaneously Today Interaction of Light with Matter Thermal Radiation Kirchhoff s Laws aka Light Properties of Light are simultaneously wave-like AND particle-like Sometimes it behaves like ripples on a pond (waves).

More information

The Nature of Light. Chapter Five

The Nature of Light. Chapter Five The Nature of Light Chapter Five Guiding Questions 1. How fast does light travel? How can this speed be measured? 2. Why do we think light is a wave? What kind of wave is it? 3. How is the light from an

More information

The Basics of Light. Sunrise from the Space Shuttle, STS-47 mission. The Basics of Light

The Basics of Light. Sunrise from the Space Shuttle, STS-47 mission. The Basics of Light The Basics of Light The sun as it appears in X-ray light (left) and extreme ultraviolet light (right). Light as energy Light is remarkable. It is something we take for granted every day, but it's not something

More information

12.1 Foundations of Quantum Theory

12.1 Foundations of Quantum Theory 1.1 Foundations of Quantum Theory Physics Tool box A blacbody of a given temperature emits electromagnetic radiation over a continuous spectrum of frequencies, with a definite intensity maximum at one

More information

Name Class Date. What are three kinds of energy transfer? What are conductors and insulators? What makes something a good conductor of heat?

Name Class Date. What are three kinds of energy transfer? What are conductors and insulators? What makes something a good conductor of heat? CHAPTER 14 SECTION Heat and Temperature 2 Energy Transfer KEY IDEAS As you read this section, keep these questions in mind: What are three kinds of energy transfer? What are conductors and insulators?

More information

5. Light-matter interactions: Blackbody radiation

5. Light-matter interactions: Blackbody radiation 5. Light-matter interactions: Blackbody radiation The electromagnetic spectrum Sources of light Boltzmann's Law Blackbody radiation why do hot things glow? The cosmic microwave background The electromagnetic

More information

Light and Atoms. ASTR 1120 General Astronomy: Stars & Galaxies. ASTR 1120 General Astronomy: Stars & Galaxies !ATH REVIEW: #AST CLASS: "OMEWORK #1

Light and Atoms. ASTR 1120 General Astronomy: Stars & Galaxies. ASTR 1120 General Astronomy: Stars & Galaxies !ATH REVIEW: #AST CLASS: OMEWORK #1 ASTR 1120 General Astronomy: Stars & Galaxies!ATH REVIEW: Tonight, 5-6pm, in RAMY N1B23 "OMEWORK #1 -Due THU, Sept. 10, by 5pm, on Mastering Astronomy CLASS RECORDED STARTED - INFO WILL BE POSTED on CULEARN

More information

ASTRONOMY 103: THE EVOLVING UNIVERSE. Lecture 4 COSMIC CHEMISTRY Substitute Lecturer: Paul Sell

ASTRONOMY 103: THE EVOLVING UNIVERSE. Lecture 4 COSMIC CHEMISTRY Substitute Lecturer: Paul Sell ASTRONOMY 103: THE EVOLVING UNIVERSE Lecture 4 COSMIC CHEMISTRY Substitute Lecturer: Paul Sell Two Blackbody Trends 1. Wein s (Veen s) Law λp 1 / T or λp = 2900 / T (λp is the peak wavelength in micrometers

More information

Lecture 14 - Radiative equilibrium and the atmospheric greenhouse effect

Lecture 14 - Radiative equilibrium and the atmospheric greenhouse effect We now have most of the tools we will need to begin to study energy balance on the earth. It will be a balance between incoming sunlight energy and outgoing energy emitted by the earth. We will look at

More information

Atomic Spectra for Atoms and Ions. Light is made up of different wavelengths

Atomic Spectra for Atoms and Ions. Light is made up of different wavelengths Atomic Spectra for Atoms and Ions What will you be doing in lab next week? Recording the line spectra of several different substances in discharge tubes. Recording the line spectra of several ions from

More information

Blackbody Radiation. George M. Shalhoub

Blackbody Radiation. George M. Shalhoub Blackbody Radiation by George M. Shalhoub LA SALLE UNIVERSIY 900 West Olney Ave. Philadelphia, PA 94 shalhoub@lasalle.edu Copyright 996. All rights reserved. You are welcome to use this document in your

More information

Light! Lecture 3, Oct. 8! Astronomy 102, Autumn 2009! Oct. 8, 2009 #1. Astronomy 102, Autumn 2009, E. Agol & J. Dalcanton U.W.

Light! Lecture 3, Oct. 8! Astronomy 102, Autumn 2009! Oct. 8, 2009 #1. Astronomy 102, Autumn 2009, E. Agol & J. Dalcanton U.W. Light! Lecture 3, Oct. 8! Astronomy 102, Autumn 2009! Oct. 8, 2009 #1 Questions of the Day! I. What is light?! II. What are the wave/particle properties of light?! III. How do energy and wavelength vary

More information

The Nature of Light I: Electromagnetic Waves Spectra Kirchoff s Laws Temperature Blackbody radiation

The Nature of Light I: Electromagnetic Waves Spectra Kirchoff s Laws Temperature Blackbody radiation The Nature of Light I: Electromagnetic Waves Spectra Kirchoff s Laws Temperature Blackbody radiation Electromagnetic Radiation (How we get most of our information about the cosmos) Examples of electromagnetic

More information

Energy and Radiation. GEOG/ENST 2331 Lecture 3 Ahrens: Chapter 2

Energy and Radiation. GEOG/ENST 2331 Lecture 3 Ahrens: Chapter 2 Energy and Radiation GEOG/ENST 2331 Lecture 3 Ahrens: Chapter 2 Last lecture: the Atmosphere! Mainly nitrogen (78%) and oxygen (21%)! T, P and ρ! The Ideal Gas Law! Temperature profiles Lecture outline!

More information

AT622 Section 3 Basic Laws

AT622 Section 3 Basic Laws AT6 Section 3 Basic Laws There are three stages in the life of a photon that interest us: first it is created, then it propagates through space, and finally it can be destroyed. The creation and destruction

More information

c = λν 10/23/13 What gives gas-filled lights their colors? Chapter 5 Electrons In Atoms

c = λν 10/23/13 What gives gas-filled lights their colors? Chapter 5 Electrons In Atoms CHEMISTRY & YOU What gives gas-filled lights their colors? Chapter 5 Electrons In Atoms 5.1 Revising the Atomic Model 5. Electron Arrangement in Atoms 5.3 Atomic and the Quantum Mechanical Model An electric

More information

MASSACHUSETTS INSTITUTE OF TECHNOLOGY Department of Physics Problem Solving 10: The Greenhouse Effect. Section Table and Group

MASSACHUSETTS INSTITUTE OF TECHNOLOGY Department of Physics Problem Solving 10: The Greenhouse Effect. Section Table and Group MASSACHUSETTS INSTITUTE OF TECHNOLOGY Department of Physics 8.02 Problem Solving 10: The Greenhouse Effect Section Table and Group Names Hand in one copy per group at the end of the Friday Problem Solving

More information

Topics Covered in Chapter. Light and Other Electromagnetic Radiation. A Subatomic Interlude II. A Subatomic Interlude. A Subatomic Interlude III

Topics Covered in Chapter. Light and Other Electromagnetic Radiation. A Subatomic Interlude II. A Subatomic Interlude. A Subatomic Interlude III Light and Other Electromagnetic Radiation Topics Covered in Chapter 1.Structure of Atoms 2.Origins of Electromagnetic Radiation 3.Objects with Different Temperature and their Electromagnetic Radiation

More information

Light and Other Electromagnetic Radiation

Light and Other Electromagnetic Radiation Light and Other Electromagnetic Radiation 1 Topics Covered in Chapter 1.Structure of Atoms 2.Origins of Electromagnetic Radiation 3.Objects with Different Temperature and their Electromagnetic Radiation

More information

Atomic Physics Worksheet. between 4000 and 5000 Angstroms ( nanometers): between 6500 and 7500 Angstroms ( nanometers):

Atomic Physics Worksheet. between 4000 and 5000 Angstroms ( nanometers): between 6500 and 7500 Angstroms ( nanometers): Atomic Physics Worksheet 1. Which of the gas samples shows an emission line with a wavelength between 4000 and 5000 Angstroms (400-500 nanometers): between 6500 and 7500 Angstroms (650-750 nanometers):

More information

Chapter 5 Electrons In Atoms

Chapter 5 Electrons In Atoms Chapter 5 Electrons In Atoms 5.1 Revising the Atomic Model 5.2 Electron Arrangement in Atoms 5.3 Atomic Emission Spectra and the Quantum Mechanical Model 1 Copyright Pearson Education, Inc., or its affiliates.

More information

Newton s Law of Gravity. Isaac Newton ( ) Newton s Law of Gravity. Newton s Laws of Motion. Newton s Laws of Motion 2/17/17

Newton s Law of Gravity. Isaac Newton ( ) Newton s Law of Gravity. Newton s Laws of Motion. Newton s Laws of Motion 2/17/17 Isaac Newton (1642-1727) English physicist and mathematician Studied motion, light, and gravity Newton puts all the pieces together Key idea: Mass Mass is the amount of matter in an object NOT the same

More information

Light Part II (and review) Lecture 8 2/11/2014

Light Part II (and review) Lecture 8 2/11/2014 Light Part II (and review) Lecture 8 2/11/2014 Announcements Celebration of Knowledge (aka Exam 1) will be February 13, will include all information covered including today closed note bring a calculator

More information

Astronomy The Nature of Light

Astronomy The Nature of Light Astronomy The Nature of Light A. Dayle Hancock adhancock@wm.edu Small 239 Office hours: MTWR 10-11am Measuring the speed of light Light is an electromagnetic wave The relationship between Light and temperature

More information

Take away concepts. What is Energy? Solar Radiation Emission and Absorption. Energy: The ability to do work

Take away concepts. What is Energy? Solar Radiation Emission and Absorption. Energy: The ability to do work Solar Radiation Emission and Absorption Take away concepts 1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. Conservation of energy. Black body radiation principle Emission wavelength and temperature (Wien s Law). Radiation vs. distance

More information

X Rays must be viewed from space used for detecting exotic objects such as neutron stars and black holes also observing the Sun.

X Rays must be viewed from space used for detecting exotic objects such as neutron stars and black holes also observing the Sun. 6/25 How do we get information from the telescope? 1. Galileo drew pictures. 2. With the invention of photography, we began taking pictures of the view in the telescope. With telescopes that would rotate

More information

How do we get information about heavenly bodies when they are so far??

How do we get information about heavenly bodies when they are so far?? In Astronomy the most common unit to measure distances is---- Light Year: It is the distance traveled by light in one year. Speed of light ~ 300,000 kilometers/sec So in one hour lights travels = 300,000

More information

Radiation - Electromagnetic Waves (EMR): wave consisting of oscillating electric and magnetic fields that move at the speed of light through space.

Radiation - Electromagnetic Waves (EMR): wave consisting of oscillating electric and magnetic fields that move at the speed of light through space. Radiation - Electromagnetic Waves (EMR): wave consisting of oscillating electric and magnetic fields that move at the speed of light through space. Photon: a quantum of light or electromagnetic wave. Quantum:

More information

Lecture 13 Chapter 18 Temperature, Heat, and the First Law of Thermodynamics

Lecture 13 Chapter 18 Temperature, Heat, and the First Law of Thermodynamics Lecture 13 Chapter 18 Temperature, Heat, and the First Law of Thermodynamics Lecture 13 Chapter 18 Temperature, Heat, and the First Law of Thermodynamics Temperature and Thermal Equilibrium Linear Expansion

More information

Pre-Lab Reading Questions GS106 Lab 3 Answer Key - How We Use Light in Astronomy Life Cycle of a Wave: 1) initialized as oscillating vibrations ("disturbances"), 2) wave travel from origin to destination,

More information

Thermal Radiation and Line Emission 7/7/09. Astronomy 101

Thermal Radiation and Line Emission 7/7/09. Astronomy 101 Thermal Radiation and Line Emission 7/7/09 Astronomy 101 Astronomy Picture of the Day Astronomy 101 Outline for Today Astronomy Picture of the Day Astro News Article Business Return Lab 3 Q&A session Thermal

More information

Homework 04 - Electromagnetic Radiation

Homework 04 - Electromagnetic Radiation HW04 - Electromagnetic Radiation This is a preview of the published version of the quiz Started: Jul 7 at 9:43am Quiz Instructions Homework 04 - Electromagnetic Radiation Question 1-7 What is the frequency

More information

OPAC 101 Introduction to Optics

OPAC 101 Introduction to Optics OPAC 101 Introduction to Optics Topic 2 Light Sources Department of http://www1.gantep.edu.tr/~bingul/opac101 Optical & Acustical Engineering Gaziantep University Sep 2017 Sayfa 1 Light Sources: maybe

More information

ACTIVITY 1. Exploring Light from Gases

ACTIVITY 1. Exploring Light from Gases Name: WAVES of matter Class: Visual Quantum Mechanics ACTIVITY 1 Exploring Light from Gases Goal We will view the colors of light which are emitted by different gases. From these patterns of light we gain

More information

hf = E 1 - E 2 hc = E 1 - E 2 λ FXA 2008 Candidates should be able to : EMISSION LINE SPECTRA

hf = E 1 - E 2 hc = E 1 - E 2 λ FXA 2008 Candidates should be able to : EMISSION LINE SPECTRA 1 Candidates should be able to : EMISSION LINE SPECTRA Explain how spectral lines are evidence for the existence of discrete energy levels in isolated atoms (i.e. in a gas discharge lamp). Describe the

More information

Physics 1C. Lecture 27A

Physics 1C. Lecture 27A Physics 1C Lecture 27A "Any other situation in quantum mechanics, it turns out, can always be explained by saying, You remember the experiment with the two holes? It s the same thing. " --Richard Feynman

More information

INTRODUCTION Radiation differs from conduction and convection in that it does not require the presence of a material medium to take place.

INTRODUCTION Radiation differs from conduction and convection in that it does not require the presence of a material medium to take place. RADIATION INTRODUCTION Radiation differs from conduction and convection in that it does not require the presence of a material medium to take place. Radiation: The energy emitted by matter in the form

More information

Chapter 6. Atoms and Starlight

Chapter 6. Atoms and Starlight Chapter 6 Atoms and Starlight What is light? Light is an electromagnetic wave. Wavelength and Frequency wavelength frequency = speed of light = constant Particles of Light Particles of light are called

More information

ASTR-1010: Astronomy I Course Notes Section IV

ASTR-1010: Astronomy I Course Notes Section IV ASTR-1010: Astronomy I Course Notes Section IV Dr. Donald G. Luttermoser Department of Physics and Astronomy East Tennessee State University Edition 2.0 Abstract These class notes are designed for use

More information

Lab: Excited Electrons

Lab: Excited Electrons Part A: EMISSION SPECTROSCOPY Lab: Excited Electrons According to the Bohr atomic model, electrons orbit the nucleus within specific energy levels. These levels are defined by unique amounts of energy.

More information

CPO Science Foundations of Physics. Unit 8, Chapter 26

CPO Science Foundations of Physics. Unit 8, Chapter 26 CPO Science Foundations of Physics Unit 8, Chapter 26 Unit 8: Matter and Energy Chapter 26 Heat Transfer 26.1 Heat Conduction 26.2 Convection 26.3 Radiation Chapter 26 Objectives 1. Explain the relationship

More information