Great Observatories Galactic Center Region Image Unveiling Science Telecon. October 6, 2009
|
|
- Bernard Webster
- 5 years ago
- Views:
Transcription
1 Great Observatories Galactic Center Region Image Unveiling Science Telecon October 6,
2 Multiwavelength Observations Dr. Frank Summers 2
3 3
4 4
5 Support Web Site Generic press release Generic media alert Composite image caption (PDF) 5
6 Hubble Space Telescope Visible, ultraviolet, and infrared observations nanometers 2.4 meter mirror Launched April 1990 Low Earth orbit 600 km 97 minutes Baltimore, MD 6
7 Chandra X-ray Observatory X-ray observations nanometers 4 cylindrical mirrors Launched July 1999 Elliptical orbit thousand km 64 hr 18 min Boston, MA 7
8 Spitzer Space Telescope Infrared observations microns 0.85 meter mirror Launched August 2003 May 2009 warm mission Earth-trailing orbit 0.1 AU per year Pasadena, CA 8
9 9
10 10
11 11
12 Spitzer Hubble Chandra Compton 12
13 Galactic Center Region 13
14 90 degrees wide 14
15 15
16 12 degrees 16
17 17
18 4 degrees 18
19 19
20 1 degree 20
21 21
22 0.4 degrees 22
23 Hubble near infrared 23
24 Spitzer infrared 24
25 Chandra x-rays 25
26 Spitzer Space Telescope Dr. Susan Stolovy 26
27 The Galactic Center as Seen From the Spitzer Space Telescope/IRAC Dr. Susan Stolovy (PI) Spitzer Science Center/Caltech 27
28 Why Observe the Galactic Center with Spitzer? The Galactic Center (GC) is invisible at optical wavelengths ( microns) from Earth even with the largest telescope imaginable! The interstellar dust in the plane of our Milky Way galaxy absorbs the light from the center, which is 26,000 light years away from us. Spitzer s mid-infrared cameras see through the dust and can cover large areas efficiently. Artist s schematic of Milky Way Galaxy (arrow connects the Solar System and the GC) Image courtesy R. Hurt, SSC 28
29 The 4 IRAC cameras give us a view extending all the way to the GC: stars (mostly red giants), warm dust, and dark clouds 29
30 The GC is revealed at longer infrared wavelengths! 30
31 Spitzer/IRAC Galactic Center (GC) survey details Field of View covered: 890 x 640 light years assuming the distance to the GC is 26,000 light years Area in sky covered is 1.9 x 1.4 degrees (roughly equivalent to area 14 full moons would cover) Observed with 4 mid-infrared cameras from Infrared Array Camera (IRAC) at 3.6, 4.5, 5.8, and 8.0 microns 3.6 and 4.5 microns show mostly stars and 5.8 and 8.0 show both stars and warm, glowing dust. The glowing dust emission seen in the IRAC images is mostly from tiny, sootlike particles called polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAH s). These particles exist on Earth as pollution! IRAC survey took only 16 hours of telescope time to complete 31
32 8 Micron Image of Galactic Center 32
33 8 Micron image close-ups showing examples of regions where massive stars have recently formed million solar mass black hole hiding here Quintuplet cluster 33
34 34 Radio emission is bright at Sgr A* (black hole), supernova remnants, star forming regions, and mysterious linear filaments near strong magnetic fields
35 Some Spitzer/IRAC Galactic Center Results Largest, most sensitive, highest resolution (1-2 ) map of the GC at mid-infrared wavelengths We see spectacular, complex structure in glowing dust emission, from compact globules to long, stringy filaments Over one million stars detected in the survey, but region is so crowded that there are many more that we can t detect Dark, obscuring clouds seen at many scales Star-forming regions imaged at GC distance and in spiral arms along the line of sight Follow-up spectroscopy from Spitzer/IRS has led to discovery of young stellar objects (baby stars) in the GC (An et al. 2009, submitted to ApJL) 35
36 36
37 Spitzer s view of the Galactic Center 3.6 microns=blue, 4.5 microns=green, 5.8 microns=orange and 8.0 microns=red 37
38 Hubble Space Telescope Dr. Susan Stolovy 38
39 The Galactic Center as Seen from the Hubble Space Telescope/NICMOS Dr. Susan Stolovy Spitzer Science Center/Caltech PI: D. Wang, UMASS 39
40 The HST survey of ionized hydrogen gas (Paschen alpha) in Galactic Center (GC) was observed using the near-infrared camera on Hubble called NICMOS (Near-Infrared Camera and Multi-Object Spectrometer) Although there is still much absorption of light at a wavelength of 1.9 microns from the GC by interstellar dust, enough light gets through in deep exposures to make a large-scale map of the ionized gas possible to make. This is the sharpest image ever of such a large region in the GC; it reveals much about how massive stars form, evolve, and interact with their environment 40
41 HST/NICMOS GC survey details Field of view covered: 270 x 90 light years assuming the distance to the Galactic Center is 26,000 light years Area in sky covered is 0.6 x 0.2 degrees, roughly equivalent to area of covered by 1/2 full moon; (it s cropped to a smaller area in press image, however, about 0.4 degrees across in panel b ) The Paschen series of hydrogen spectral lines in the infrared is named after the German physicist Louis Paschen, who discovered them in 1908 (the alpha line, at 1.87 microns, is the strongest of the series). The Earth s atmosphere absorbs this line from celestial sources, so we need a telescope in space to observe it. NICMOS observations made in 2 narrow-band filters with wavelengths of 1.87 microns and 1.90 microns. Paschen alpha emission arises from ionized hydrogen gas that excited by hot stars. Took 144 orbits of telescope time to complete: this is the largest area ever covered by NICMOS by a single program. The data have 10 times better resolution (sharpness) than the Spitzer/IRAC data. 41
42 Making Paschen Alpha images a) F187N filter b) continuum (F190N) subtracted c) stars removed HST figures from Wang et al., submitted Sept. 2009, MNRAS 42
43 1.87 micron image: we detect 600,000 stars! Note also the dark foreground dust clouds Paschen alpha image This shows ionized hydrogen emission near sites of massive stars 43
44 a) The central few light years b) the Pistol, Quintuplet and Sickle, c) The Arched filaments: linear features trace local magnetic field fingers sculpted by winds from hot stars in Quintuplet cluster Location of black hole (radio source known as Sgr A*) 44
45 Close-ups of Selected Nebulae from Pa alpha mosaic of Galactic Center Several of these are newly discovered Horizontal bar in each figure shows 0.2 parsecs=0.65 light years 45
46 Some results from the HST data Sharpest view ever of the Galactic Center in a large-scale map; shows clear signs of interaction of massive stars with environment: fingers, bubbles, outflows, etc. Amazing network of long, straight filaments seen in great detail for first time in ionized gas; some of them follow magnetic field lines; New compact nebulae discovered with young massive stars, ranging from early to late stages of star formation Many candidate massive stars identified by bright Pa alpha emission. Some are located OUTSIDE the 3 known clusters in the GC; they may have been thrown out of parent clusters or formed outside clusters Spectroscopic follow-up shows that many are exotic stars with strong winds. They will explode as supernovae in the future and will have a large impact on future star formation processes in the GC. 46
47 Chandra X-ray Observatory Dr. Peter Edmonds 47
48 An X-ray view of the Galactic Center Chandra image What do the colors mean in this image? - red: lowest energy X-rays - green: medium energy X-rays - blue: highest energy X-rays 48
49 OVERVIEW Chandra image is a mixture of: - hot gas, e.g. remnants of supernovas - point sources of different types - star clusters SOME DETAILS - Sagittarius A: contains the center of the galaxy and a supermassive black hole - Arches and Quintuplet are star clusters - 1E is a double star 49
50 Sagittarius A* -- The nearest supermassive black hole to us -- Weighs about 4 million times the Sun -- Area close to it is currently surprisingly dim -- This area was much brighter in the past 50
51 Sgr A* s bigger, more active cousins MS 0735 Hydra A Black holes are messy eaters -- Material around BH heats up and glows close-up (artist s impression) -- Most of the inflowing material swallowed by BH - -- Some is flung outwards along jets/outflows -- Sgr A* was more like this in the past 51
52 Light echo from Sagittarius A* -- Area near black hole was about 100,000 - times brighter 50 years earlier -- Light reflected off clouds 50 yrs later -- Mass equal to about that of Mercury - was swallowed by the black hole Artist s impression of what happened 52
53 More information and graphics at: General information about Chandra science and program: Related Chandra products available: Chandra Explores the Milky Way: 38x23" Poster, 8 1/2x 11" Litho, 6x8" Postcard, 2x8" Bookmark 53
54 Final Thoughts 54
55 Further Discussion Image Unveiling Google Group Should have received invitation Send to Carolyn to add others groups.google.com/group/iya-image-unveiling Open discussion Ask questions Share ideas Discuss event planning 55
A Panoramic HST Infrared View of the Galactic Center
A Panoramic HST Infrared View of the Galactic Center Q. D. Wang, H. Dong, D. Calzetti (UMass), A. Cotera (SETI), S. Stolovy, M. Muno, J. Mauerhan, (Caltech/IPAC/JPL), C. C. Lang (U. of Iowa), M. R. Morris,
More informationThe Milky Way Galaxy. Some thoughts. How big is it? What does it look like? How did it end up this way? What is it made up of?
Some thoughts The Milky Way Galaxy How big is it? What does it look like? How did it end up this way? What is it made up of? Does it change 2 3 4 5 This is not a constant zoom The Milky Way Almost everything
More informationResults better than Quiz 5, back to normal Distribution not ready yet, sorry Correct up to 4 questions, due Monday, Apr. 26
Brooks observing April 19-22: 9:00 PM to at least 10:15 PM Tonight is a go! April 26-29: 9:30 PM to at least 10:45 PM Regular Friday evening public observing after planetarium shows also an option Begins
More informationOur Galaxy. We are located in the disk of our galaxy and this is why the disk appears as a band of stars across the sky.
Our Galaxy Our Galaxy We are located in the disk of our galaxy and this is why the disk appears as a band of stars across the sky. Early attempts to locate our solar system produced erroneous results.
More informationChapter 19 Reading Quiz Clickers. The Cosmic Perspective Seventh Edition. Our Galaxy Pearson Education, Inc.
Reading Quiz Clickers The Cosmic Perspective Seventh Edition Our Galaxy 19.1 The Milky Way Revealed What does our galaxy look like? How do stars orbit in our galaxy? Where are globular clusters located
More informationChapter 15 The Milky Way Galaxy. The Milky Way
Chapter 15 The Milky Way Galaxy The Milky Way Almost everything we see in the night sky belongs to the Milky Way We see most of the Milky Way as a faint band of light across the sky From the outside, our
More informationAccretion Disks. Review: Stellar Remnats. Lecture 12: Black Holes & the Milky Way A2020 Prof. Tom Megeath 2/25/10. Review: Creating Stellar Remnants
Lecture 12: Black Holes & the Milky Way A2020 Prof. Tom Megeath Review: Creating Stellar Remnants Binaries may be destroyed in white dwarf supernova Binaries be converted into black holes Review: Stellar
More informationNumber of Stars: 100 billion (10 11 ) Mass : 5 x Solar masses. Size of Disk: 100,000 Light Years (30 kpc)
THE MILKY WAY GALAXY Type: Spiral galaxy composed of a highly flattened disk and a central elliptical bulge. The disk is about 100,000 light years (30kpc) in diameter. The term spiral arises from the external
More informationChapter 14 The Milky Way Galaxy
Chapter 14 The Milky Way Galaxy Spiral Galaxy M81 - similar to our Milky Way Galaxy Our Parent Galaxy A galaxy is a giant collection of stellar and interstellar matter held together by gravity Billions
More informationOur View of the Milky Way. 23. The Milky Way Galaxy
23. The Milky Way Galaxy The Sun s location in the Milky Way galaxy Nonvisible Milky Way galaxy observations The Milky Way has spiral arms Dark matter in the Milky Way galaxy Density waves produce spiral
More informationDistance Measuring Techniques and The Milky Way Galaxy
Distance Measuring Techniques and The Milky Way Galaxy Measuring distances to stars is one of the biggest challenges in Astronomy. If we had some standard candle, some star with a known luminosity, then
More informationMidterm Results. The Milky Way in the Infrared. The Milk Way from Above (artist conception) 3/2/10
Lecture 13 : The Interstellar Medium and Cosmic Recycling Midterm Results A2020 Prof. Tom Megeath The Milky Way in the Infrared View from the Earth: Edge On Infrared light penetrates the clouds and shows
More informationPresented at the 2016 International Training Symposium: Hubble Space Telescope
Hubble Space Telescope Hubble s Name NASA named the world's first spacebased optical telescope after American astronomer Edwin P. Hubble (1889 1953). Dr. Hubble confirmed an "expanding" universe, which
More informationChapter 15 The Milky Way Galaxy
Chapter 15 The Milky Way Galaxy Guidepost This chapter plays three parts in our cosmic drama. First, it introduces the concept of a galaxy. Second, it discusses our home, the Milky Way Galaxy, a natural
More informationAstronomy Universe: all of space and everything in it
Astronomy Universe: all of space and everything in it Most (90%) of the universe is made up of: dark matter: stuff we think is there due to amount of mass we think is there but is not detected by the instruments
More informationPrentice Hall EARTH SCIENCE
Prentice Hall EARTH SCIENCE Tarbuck Lutgens Chapter 24 Studying the Sun 24.1 The Study of Light Electromagnetic Radiation Electromagnetic radiation includes gamma rays, X-rays, ultraviolet light, visible
More informationThe Universe o. Galaxies. The Universe of. Galaxies. Ajit Kembhavi IUCAA
Hello! The Universe of Galaxies The Universe o Galaxies Ajit Kembhavi IUCAA Galaxies: Stars: ~10 11 Mass: ~10 11 M Sun Contain stars, gas and dust, possibly a supermassive black hole at the centre. Much
More informationOur Galaxy. Milky Way Galaxy = Sun + ~100 billion other stars + gas and dust. Held together by gravity! The Milky Way with the Naked Eye
Our Galaxy Milky Way Galaxy = Sun + ~100 billion other stars + gas and dust Held together by gravity! The Milky Way with the Naked Eye We get a special view of our own galaxy because we are part of it!
More informationPhysics Homework Set 2 Sp 2015
1) A large gas cloud in the interstellar medium that contains several type O and B stars would appear to us as 1) A) a reflection nebula. B) a dark patch against a bright background. C) a dark nebula.
More informationThe Milky Way Galaxy
1/5/011 The Milky Way Galaxy Distribution of Globular Clusters around a Point in Sagittarius About 00 globular clusters are distributed in random directions around the center of our galaxy. 1 1/5/011 Structure
More informationInterstellar Medium and Star Birth
Interstellar Medium and Star Birth Interstellar dust Lagoon nebula: dust + gas Interstellar Dust Extinction and scattering responsible for localized patches of darkness (dark clouds), as well as widespread
More informationStars, Galaxies & the Universe Lecture Outline
Stars, Galaxies & the Universe Lecture Outline A galaxy is a collection of 100 billion stars! Our Milky Way Galaxy (1)Components - HII regions, Dust Nebulae, Atomic Gas (2) Shape & Size (3) Rotation of
More informationChapter 19 Lecture. The Cosmic Perspective Seventh Edition. Our Galaxy Pearson Education, Inc.
Chapter 19 Lecture The Cosmic Perspective Seventh Edition Our Galaxy Our Galaxy 19.1 The Milky Way Revealed Our goals for learning: Where are we located within our galaxy? What does our galaxy look like?
More informationASTR 2310: Chapter 6
ASTR 231: Chapter 6 Astronomical Detection of Light The Telescope as a Camera Refraction and Reflection Telescopes Quality of Images Astronomical Instruments and Detectors Observations and Photon Counting
More informationAstronomy 1504/15014 Section 20
1 point each Astronomy 1504/15014 Section 20 Midterm 1 (Practice Exam) September 21, 2015 Exam Version A Choose the answer that best completes the question. Read each problem carefully and read through
More informationThe Milky Way - Chapter 23
The Milky Way - Chapter 23 The Milky Way Galaxy A galaxy: huge collection of stars (10 7-10 13 ) and interstellar matter (gas & dust). Held together by gravity. Much bigger than any star cluster we have
More informationAn x-ray image of teeth. Can you see the filling?
X-Rays APA National Aeronautics and Space Administration, Science Mission Directorate. (2010). X-Rays. Retrieved December 12, 2012, from Mission:Science website: http://missionscience.nasa.gov /ems/11_xrays.html
More informationTopics for Today s Class
Foundations of Astronomy 13e Seeds Chapter 11 Formation of Stars and Structure of Stars Topics for Today s Class 1. Making Stars from the Interstellar Medium 2. Evidence of Star Formation: The Orion Nebula
More informationChapter 19 Lecture. The Cosmic Perspective. Seventh Edition. Our Galaxy Pearson Education, Inc.
Chapter 19 Lecture The Cosmic Perspective Seventh Edition Our Galaxy 19.1 The Milky Way Revealed Our goals for learning: Where are we located within our galaxy? What does our galaxy look like? How do stars
More informationChapter 33 The History of a Star. Introduction. Radio telescopes allow us to look into the center of the galaxy. The milky way
Chapter 33 The History of a Star Introduction Did you read chapter 33 before coming to class? A. Yes B. No You can see about 10,000 stars with the naked eye. The milky way Radio telescopes allow us to
More informationStellar Life Cycle in Giant Galactic Nebula NGC 3603
Stellar Life Cycle in Giant Galactic Nebula NGC 3603 edited by David L. Alles Western Washington University e-mail: alles@biol.wwu.edu Last Updated 2009-11-20 Note: In PDF format most of the images in
More informationPART 3 Galaxies. Gas, Stars and stellar motion in the Milky Way
PART 3 Galaxies Gas, Stars and stellar motion in the Milky Way The Interstellar Medium The Sombrero Galaxy Space is far from empty! Clouds of cold gas Clouds of dust In a galaxy, gravity pulls the dust
More informationLecture 30. The Galactic Center
Lecture 30 History of the Galaxy Populations and Enrichment Galactic Evolution Spiral Arms Galactic Types Apr 5, 2006 Astro 100 Lecture 30 1 The Galactic Center The nature of the center of the Galaxy is
More informationNeutron Stars. Neutron Stars and Black Holes. The Crab Pulsar. Discovery of Pulsars. The Crab Pulsar. Light curves of the Crab Pulsar.
Chapter 11: Neutron Stars and Black Holes A supernova explosion of an M > 8 M sun star blows away its outer layers. Neutron Stars The central core will collapse into a compact object of ~ a few M sun.
More informationChapter 11 The Formation of Stars
Chapter 11 The Formation of Stars A World of Dust The space between the stars is not completely empty, but filled with very dilute gas and dust, producing some of the most beautiful objects in the sky.
More informationTour of Galaxies. stuff: dust SEMI-WARM. ASTR 1040 Accel Astro: Stars & Galaxies. Dust+dark molecular clouds. in close-up VLT.
ASTR 1040 Accel Astro: Stars & Galaxies Prof. Juri Toomre TA: Nicholas Nelson, Zeeshan Parkar Lecture 23 Tues 6 Apr 2010 zeus.colorado.edu/astr1040-toomre toomre Tour of Galaxies Role of dust in absorbing/scattering
More informationASTRONOMY 1 FINAL EXAM 1 Name
ASTRONOMY 1 FINAL EXAM 1 Name Multiple Choice (2 pts each) 1. Sullivan Star is an F spectral class star that is part of a binary star system. It has a MS lifetime of 5 billion years. Its life will eventually
More informationOur Galaxy. Chapter Twenty-Five. Guiding Questions
Our Galaxy Chapter Twenty-Five Guiding Questions 1. What is our Galaxy? How do astronomers know where we are located within it? 2. What is the shape and size of our Galaxy? 3. How do we know that our Galaxy
More informationNational Aeronautics and Space Administration. Glos. Glossary. of Astronomy. Terms. Related to Galaxies
National Aeronautics and Space Administration Glos of Astronomy Glossary Terms Related to Galaxies Asterism: A pattern formed by stars not recognized as one of the official 88 constellations. Examples
More informationBeyond Our Solar System Chapter 24
Beyond Our Solar System Chapter 24 PROPERTIES OF STARS Distance Measuring a star's distance can be very difficult Stellar parallax Used for measuring distance to a star Apparent shift in a star's position
More informationAstronomy 422! Lecture 7: The Milky Way Galaxy III!
Astronomy 422 Lecture 7: The Milky Way Galaxy III Key concepts: The supermassive black hole at the center of the Milky Way Radio and X-ray sources Announcements: Test next Tuesday, February 16 Chapters
More informationPossible Extra Credit Option
Possible Extra Credit Option Attend an advanced seminar on Astrophysics or Astronomy held by the Physics and Astronomy department. There are seminars held every 2:00 pm, Thursday, Room 190, Physics & Astronomy
More informationThe Galaxy. (The Milky Way Galaxy)
The Galaxy (The Milky Way Galaxy) Which is a picture of the Milky Way? A A is what we see from Earth inside the Milky Way while B is what the Milky Way might look like if we were far away looking back
More information4/6/17. SEMI-WARM stuff: dust. Tour of Galaxies. Our Schedule
ASTR 1040: Stars & Galaxies Super-bubble blowout in NGC 3709 Prof. Juri Toomre TAs: Piyush Agrawal, Connor Bice Lecture 22 Thur 6 Apr 2017 zeus.colorado.edu/astr1040-toomre Tour of Galaxies Look at complex
More informationThe Milky Way Galaxy Guiding Questions
The Milky Way Galaxy Guiding Questions 1. What is our Galaxy? How do astronomers know where we are located within it? 2. What is the shape and size of our Galaxy? 3. How do we know that our Galaxy has
More informationThe Milky Way Galaxy
The Milky Way Galaxy Guiding Questions 1. What is our Galaxy? How do astronomers know where we are located within it? 2. What is the shape and size of our Galaxy? 3. How do we know that our Galaxy has
More informationASTR Midterm 2 Phil Armitage, Bruce Ferguson
ASTR 1120-001 Midterm 2 Phil Armitage, Bruce Ferguson SECOND MID-TERM EXAM MARCH 21 st 2006: Closed books and notes, 1 hour. Please PRINT your name and student ID on the places provided on the scan sheet.
More informationScience 30 Unit C Electromagnetic Energy
Science 30 Unit C Electromagnetic Energy Outcome 2: Students will describe the properties of the electromagnetic spectrum and their applications in medical technologies, communication systems and remote-sensing
More informationAstronomy A BEGINNER S GUIDE TO THE UNIVERSE EIGHTH EDITION
Astronomy A BEGINNER S GUIDE TO THE UNIVERSE EIGHTH EDITION CHAPTER 14 The Milky Way Galaxy Lecture Presentation 14.0 the Milky Way galaxy How do we know the Milky Way exists? We can see it even though
More informationAST 102 chapter 5. Radiation and Spectra. Radiation and Spectra. Radiation and Spectra. What is light? What is radiation?
5 Radiation and Spectra 1 Radiation and Spectra What is light? According to Webster: a.something that makes vision possible b.the sensation aroused by stimulation of the visual receptors c.electromagnetic
More informationChapter 23 The Milky Way Galaxy Pearson Education, Inc.
Chapter 23 The Milky Way Galaxy The Milky Way is our own galaxy viewed from the inside. It is a vast collection of more than 200 billion stars, planets, nebulae, clusters, dust and gas. Our own sun and
More informationBlack Holes in Hibernation
Black Holes in Hibernation Black Holes in Hibernation Only about 1 in 100 galaxies contains an active nucleus. This however does not mean that most galaxies do no have SMBHs since activity also requires
More informationGalaxies. CESAR s Booklet
What is a galaxy? Figure 1: A typical galaxy: our Milky Way (artist s impression). (Credit: NASA) A galaxy is a huge collection of stars and interstellar matter isolated in space and bound together by
More informationStellar Life Cycle in Giant Galactic Nebula NGC edited by David L. Alles Western Washington University
Stellar Life Cycle in Giant Galactic Nebula NGC 3603 edited by David L. Alles Western Washington University e-mail: alles@biol.wwu.edu Introduction NGC 3603 is a giant HII region in the Carina spiral arm
More information8/30/2010. Classifying Stars. Classifying Stars. Classifying Stars
Classifying Stars In the early 1900s, Ejnar Hertzsprung and Henry Russell made some important observations. They noticed that, in general, stars with higher temperatures also have brighter absolute magnitudes.
More informationUniverse Now. 9. Interstellar matter and star clusters
Universe Now 9. Interstellar matter and star clusters About interstellar matter Interstellar space is not completely empty: gas (atoms + molecules) and small dust particles. Over 10% of the mass of the
More informationCHAPTER 28 STARS AND GALAXIES
CHAPTER 28 STARS AND GALAXIES 28.1 A CLOSER LOOK AT LIGHT Light is a form of electromagnetic radiation, which is energy that travels in waves. Waves of energy travel at 300,000 km/sec (speed of light Ex:
More informationInterstellar Dust and Gas
Interstellar Dust and Gas In 1783 William Herschel began a survey of the heavens using an 18 ¾ inch reflector of his own construction. His goal was to discover new star clusters, nebulae, and double stars.
More informationASTR2050 Spring Please turn in your homework now! In this class we will discuss the Interstellar Medium:
ASTR2050 Spring 2005 Lecture 10am 29 March 2005 Please turn in your homework now! In this class we will discuss the Interstellar Medium: Introduction: Dust and Gas Extinction and Reddening Physics of Dust
More informationA100 Exploring the Universe: The Milky Way as a Galaxy. Martin D. Weinberg UMass Astronomy
A100 Exploring the Universe: The Milky Way as a Galaxy Martin D. Weinberg UMass Astronomy astron100-mdw@courses.umass.edu November 12, 2014 Read: Chap 19 11/12/14 slide 1 Exam #2 Returned and posted tomorrow
More informationThe Cosmological Redshift. Cepheid Variables. Hubble s Diagram
SOME NEGATIVE EFFECTS OF THE EXPANSION OF THE UNIVERSE. Lecture 22 Hubble s Law and the Large Scale Structure of the Universe PRS: According to modern ideas and observations, what can be said about the
More informationAstronomy 114. Lecture 27: The Galaxy. Martin D. Weinberg. UMass/Astronomy Department
Astronomy 114 Lecture 27: The Galaxy Martin D. Weinberg weinberg@astro.umass.edu UMass/Astronomy Department A114: Lecture 27 18 Apr 2007 Read: Ch. 25,26 Astronomy 114 1/23 Announcements Quiz #2: we re
More informationChapter 28 Stars and Their Characteristics
Chapter 28 Stars and Their Characteristics Origin of the Universe Big Bang Theory about 10-20 bya all matter in the universe existed in a hot dense state about the size of an atom (tiny). That matter sort
More informationThis Week in Astronomy
Homework #8 Due Wednesday, April 18, 11:59PM Covers Chapters 15 and 16 Estimated time to complete: 40 minutes Read chapters, review notes before starting This Week in Astronomy Credit: NASA/JPL-Caltech
More informationOur goals for learning: 2014 Pearson Education, Inc. We see our galaxy edge-on. Primary features: disk, bulge, halo, globular clusters All-Sky View
Our Galaxy Chapter 19 Lecture The Cosmic Perspective 19.1 The Milky Way Revealed What does our galaxy look like? What does our galaxy look like? How do stars orbit in our galaxy? Seventh Edition Our Galaxy
More informationChandra: Revolution through Resolution. Martin Elvis, Chandra X-ray Center
Chandra: Revolution through Resolution Martin Elvis, Chandra X-ray Center The Chandra X-ray Observatory Launched 5 years ago revolutionized X-ray astronomy, and all of astronomy. What is X-ray Astronomy?
More informationEarth Science, 13e Tarbuck & Lutgens
Earth Science, 13e Tarbuck & Lutgens Beyond Our Solar System Earth Science, 13e Chapter 24 Stanley C. Hatfield Southwestern Illinois College Properties of stars Distance Distances to the stars are very
More information9.6. Other Components of the Universe. Star Clusters. Types of Galaxies
Other Components of the Universe 9.6 The most common type of celestial object astronomers see in space is a star. Most stars appear to be gravitationally bound together into groups, and some groups are
More informationLecture 25 The Milky Way Galaxy November 29, 2017
Lecture 25 The Milky Way Galaxy November 29, 2017 1 2 Size of the Universe The Milky Way galaxy is very much larger than the solar system Powers of Ten interactive applet 3 Galaxies Large collections of
More informationChapter 19: Our Galaxy
Chapter 19 Lecture Chapter 19: Our Galaxy Our Galaxy 19.1 The Milky Way Revealed Our goals for learning: What does our galaxy look like? How do stars orbit in our galaxy? What does our galaxy look like?
More informationThe Milky Way. Mass of the Galaxy, Part 2. Mass of the Galaxy, Part 1. Phys1403 Stars and Galaxies Instructor: Dr. Goderya
Foundations Chapter of Astronomy 15 13e Our Milky Way Seeds Phys1403 Stars and Galaxies Instructor: Dr. Goderya Selected Topics in Chapter 15 A view our Milky Way? The Size of our Milky Way The Mass of
More informationChapter 10 The Interstellar Medium
Chapter 10 The Interstellar Medium Guidepost You have begun your study of the sun and other stars, but now it is time to study the thin gas and dust that drifts through space between the stars. This chapter
More informationAstronomy 10 Test #2 Practice Version
Given (a.k.a. `First ) Name(s): Family (a.k.a. `Last ) name: ON YOUR PARSCORE: `Bubble your name, your student I.D. number, and your multiple-choice answers. I will keep the Parscore forms. ON THIS TEST
More informationThe Milky Way. Overview: Number of Stars Mass Shape Size Age Sun s location. First ideas about MW structure. Wide-angle photo of the Milky Way
Figure 70.01 The Milky Way Wide-angle photo of the Milky Way Overview: Number of Stars Mass Shape Size Age Sun s location First ideas about MW structure Figure 70.03 Shapely (~1900): The system of globular
More informationChapter 17. Active Galaxies and Supermassive Black Holes
Chapter 17 Active Galaxies and Supermassive Black Holes Guidepost In the last few chapters, you have explored our own and other galaxies, and you are ready to stretch your scientific imagination and study
More informationBenefits of Infrared. The Spitzer Space Telescope. Instruments/Components of Spitzer. Cryostat. Infrared Telescope
The Spitzer Space Telescope Benefits of Infrared IR can reveal objects that don't emit visible light IR provides different information than visible light IR is better than visible for viewing cold objects
More informationLecture Outlines. Chapter 23. Astronomy Today 8th Edition Chaisson/McMillan Pearson Education, Inc.
Lecture Outlines Chapter 23 Astronomy Today 8th Edition Chaisson/McMillan Chapter 23 The Milky Way Galaxy Units of Chapter 23 23.1 Our Parent Galaxy 23.2 Measuring the Milky Way Discovery 23-1 Early Computers
More informationAstr 2310 Thurs. March 23, 2017 Today s Topics
Astr 2310 Thurs. March 23, 2017 Today s Topics Chapter 16: The Interstellar Medium and Star Formation Interstellar Dust and Dark Nebulae Interstellar Dust Dark Nebulae Interstellar Reddening Interstellar
More informationThe Dusty Universe. Joe Weingartner George Mason University Dept of Physics and Astronomy
The Dusty Universe Joe Weingartner George Mason University Dept of Physics and Astronomy To astronomers, dust means: sub micron solid grains (1 micron = 1 m = 10 6 m = one millionth of a meter) Typical
More informationStructure of the Milky Way. Structure of the Milky Way. The Milky Way
Key Concepts: Lecture 29: Our first steps into the Galaxy Exploration of the Galaxy: first attempts to measure its structure (Herschel, Shapley). Structure of the Milky Way Initially, star counting was
More informationThe distance modulus in the presence of absorption is given by
Problem 4: An A0 main sequence star is observed at a distance of 100 pc through an interstellar dust cloud. Furthermore, it is observed with a color index B-V = 1.5. What is the apparent visual magnitude
More information30 Doradus: Birthplace of giants and dwarfs
Hubble Science Briefing 30 Doradus: Birthplace of giants and dwarfs Elena Sabbi June 7, 2012 Outline 1. How stars form and evolve; 2. How we can use star clusters to better understand high redshift galaxies;
More informationA100H Exploring the Universe: Discovering Galaxies. Martin D. Weinberg UMass Astronomy
A100H Exploring the Universe: Discovering Galaxies Martin D. Weinberg UMass Astronomy astron100h-mdw@courses.umass.edu April 05, 2016 Read: Chap 19 04/05/16 slide 1 Exam #2 Returned by next class meeting
More informationAstronomy 113. Dr. Joseph E. Pesce, Ph.D. Distances & the Milky Way. The Curtis View. Our Galaxy. The Shapley View 3/27/18
Astronomy 113 Dr. Joseph E. Pesce, Ph.D. Distances & the Milky Way 14-2 Historical Overview: the Curtis-Shapley Debate ³What is the size of our galaxy? ³What is the nature of spiral nebula? The Curtis
More informationAstronomy 113. Dr. Joseph E. Pesce, Ph.D. Dr. Joseph E. Pesce, Ph.D.
Astronomy 113 Dr. Joseph E. Pesce, Ph.D. Distances & the Milky Way Historical Overview: the Curtis-Shapley Debate ³What is the size of our galaxy? ³What is the nature of spiral nebula? 14-2 ³Occurred in
More informationPart two of a year-long introduction to astrophysics:
ASTR 3830 Astrophysics 2 - Galactic and Extragalactic Phil Armitage office: JILA tower A909 email: pja@jilau1.colorado.edu Spitzer Space telescope image of M81 Part two of a year-long introduction to astrophysics:
More informationSombrero Galaxy. The Sombrero Galaxy is located on the southern edge of the rich Virgo cluster of galaxies.
Sombrero Galaxy The Sombrero Galaxy is located on the southern edge of the rich Virgo cluster of galaxies. Sombrero Galaxy This galaxy is 28 million light-years away. For comparison, it takes sunlight
More informationCollecting Light. In a dark-adapted eye, the iris is fully open and the pupil has a diameter of about 7 mm. pupil
Telescopes Collecting Light The simplest means of observing the Universe is the eye. The human eye is sensitive to light with a wavelength of about 400 and 700 nanometers. In a dark-adapted eye, the iris
More informationInterstellar Dust and Gas
Interstellar Dust and Gas In 1783 William Herschel began a survey of the heavens using an 18 ¾ inch reflector of his own construction. His goal was to discover new star clusters, nebulae, and double stars.
More informationIYA Unveiling Moderator: Anita Sohus October 6, :00 pm CT
IYA Unveiling Moderator: Anita Sohus October 6, 2009 1:00 pm CT Carolyn Slivinski: Just a reminder too that if you are listening in please use your mute but not your hold button, because there are a lot
More informationInterstellar Medium by Eye
Interstellar Medium by Eye Nebula Latin for cloud = cloud of interstellar gas & dust Wide angle: Milky Way Summer Triangle (right) α&β Centauri, Coal Sack Southern Cross (below) Dust-Found in the Plane
More informationTELESCOPES POWERFUL. Beyond the Book. FOCUS Book
FOCUS Book POWERFUL TELESCOPES Why do we need telescopes in order to observe stars that are very far away? Why do stars look bright in the sky while most galaxies, which have billions of stars, are too
More informationName Date Period. 10. convection zone 11. radiation zone 12. core
240 points CHAPTER 29 STARS SECTION 29.1 The Sun (40 points this page) In your textbook, read about the properties of the Sun and the Sun s atmosphere. Use each of the terms below just once to complete
More informationBeyond the Visible -- Exploring the Infrared Universe
Beyond the Visible -- Exploring the Infrared Universe Prof. T. Jarrett (UCT) Infrared Window Telescopes ISM -- Galaxies Infrared Window Near-infrared: 1 to 5 µm Mid-infrared: 5 to 50 µm
More informationThe Cygnus Loop/Veil Nebula Hubble Space Telescope. William P. Blair Department of Physics and Astronomy The Johns Hopkins University September, 2015
The Cygnus Loop/Veil Nebula Hubble Space Telescope William P. Blair Department of Physics and Astronomy The Johns Hopkins University September, 2015 Overall context: The Cygnus Loop, or Veil Nebula as
More information- Strong extinction due to dust
The Galactic Centre - Strong extinction due to dust At optical wavelemgth the absorption is almost total Information from the 21 line, IR and radio 10 Region between and cm 14 10 22 1 arcsec at the distance
More informationSide View. disk mostly young stars and lots of dust! Note position of the Sun, just over half way out. This Class (Lecture 28): More Milky Way
This Class (Lecture 28): More Milky Way Next Class: Nearby Galaxies Music: Under the Milky Way The Church HW 10 due on 2 nd Sunday! Nov. 17, 2009! The 2009 Leonids could produce more than 500 shooting
More informationThe King's University College Astronomy 201 Mid-Term Exam Solutions
The King's University College Astronomy 201 Mid-Term Exam Solutions Instructions: The exam consists of two sections. Part A is 20 multiple choice questions - please record answers on the sheet provided.
More informationThe Impact of the Galactic Center Arches Cluster: Radio & X-ray Observations
The Impact of the Galactic Center Arches Cluster: Radio & X-ray Observations Cornelia C. Lang University of Iowa GC region (Sagittarius) is obscured by ~30 visual magnitudes of extinction no optical, UV;
More informationThe Birth Of Stars. How do stars form from the interstellar medium Where does star formation take place How do we induce star formation
Goals: The Birth Of Stars How do stars form from the interstellar medium Where does star formation take place How do we induce star formation Interstellar Medium Gas and dust between stars is the interstellar
More information