Local time scale at PTB UTC(PTB) Ali Al-masoudi, Stephan Falke, Sebastian Häfner, Stefan Vogt, Christian Lisdat
|
|
- Elijah Poole
- 5 years ago
- Views:
Transcription
1 Local time scale at PTB UTC(PTB) Ali Al-masoudi, Stephan Falke, Sebastian Häfner, Stefan Vogt, Christian Lisdat
2 Outline Time scales History of atomic clock at PTB Local time scale UTC(PTB) Time transfer International time comparsions Seite 2 von 23
3 The time scales A number of different time scales are current use, Dynamic time scales Dynamic time scale is derived from a description of a dynamical physical system where the time t is used as a parameter to describe the evolution of the system Universal time (UT) based on the rotation of the Earth around its polar axis, Ephemeris time (ET) based on the rotation of the Earth around the sun, Integrated time scales Integrated time scale is based on a time interval e.g. the second as derived from the frequency of the transition in 133 Cs International Atomic Time (TAI) Coordinated Universal Time (UTC) Atomic clocks an integral number of seconds F. Riehle, Frequency Standards (2004) Seite 3 von 23
4 T(s) The time scales The starting point of TAI was fixed such that on January 1, 1958, at 0:00 TAI approximately agreed with the corresponding instant of the astronomical time scale UT TAI 0 UT TAI UT Seite 4 von 23
5 T(s) The time scales The starting point of TAI was fixed such that on January 1, 1958, at 0:00 TAI approximately agreed with the corresponding instant of the astronomical time scale UT 0 10s UT TAI TAI UT+10s Seite 5 von 23
6 T(s) The time scales The starting point of TAI was fixed such that on January 1, 1958, at 0:00 TAI approximately agreed with the corresponding instant of the astronomical time scale UT 0 TAI 10s UTC UT TAI UT+10s Seite 6 von 23
7 T(s) The time scales The starting point of TAI was fixed such that on January 1, 1958, at 0:00 TAI approximately agreed with the corresponding instant of the astronomical time scale UT 0 TAI 35s TAI UT+35s 2012 No leap second UTC UT International Earth Rotation and Reference System Service (IERS) Seite 7 von 23
8 The time scale UTC The time scale UTC (Coordinated Universal Time) serves as a worldwide reference time scale for the determination of time in everyday life and in scientific and technical fields such as astronomy, geodetic surveying, navigation and telecommunication. UTC is realised by the joint effort of more than 70 time institutes based in many countries. These institutes have about 400 atomic clocks. BIPM In Paris coordinates the acitvities of these institutes and the dissemination of UTC. The individual time institutes such as PTB use atomic clocks to realize a local time scale - in our case referred to as UTC(PTB). Which is kept in as good agreement with UTC as possible. In 2012, the difference between UTC and UTC(PTB) has always been less than 10 ns Seite 8 von 23
9 General scheme of the formation of UTC and TAI Corrections to local UTC (k) Leap seconds Steering of the duration of the scale unit of TAI F. Riehle, Frequency Standards (2004) Seite 9 von 23
10 Brief history of the atomic clock at PTB January 1959 Official start of the emission of the time signals via the transmitter DCF77 (second defined on an astronomical basis) March 1967 International redefinition of the second 1969 The atomic clock CS1 becomes operational photo taken in the clock hall in 1969 A. Bauch,Metrologia 42 (2005) S43 S54 Seite 10 von 23
11 Brief history of the atomic clock at PTB January 1959 Official start of the emission of the time signals via the transmitter DCF77 (second defined on an astronomical basis) March 1967 International redefinition of the second 1969 The atomic clock CS1 becomes operational 1978 With the Time Act of July 1978, PTB becomes responsible for legal time 1985 The atomic clock CS2 becomes operational photo taken in the clock hall in 1969 A. Bauch,Metrologia 42 (2005) S43 S54 Seite 11 von 23
12 Brief history of the atomic clock at PTB January 1959 Official start of the emission of the time signals via the transmitter DCF77 (second defined on an astronomical basis) March 1967 International redefinition of the second 1969 The atomic clock CS1 becomes operational 1978 With the Time Act of July 1978, PTB becomes responsible for legal time 1985 The atomic clock CS2 becomes operational Two more atomic clock (CS3 and CS4) become operational Caesium fountain CSF1 becomes operational 2004 Caesium fountain CSF2 becomes operational. today All these atomic clocks except CS4 are still operating. They contribute substantially to the making of International Atomic Time. Seite 12 von 23
13 Local time scale UTC(PTB) The realization of the atomic time scale UTC(PTB) is done at PTB for several purposes UTC(PTB) serves as the reference for legal time in Germany, It serves as the reference for all internal clocks comparisons, UTC(PTB) clock(i) PTB so that PTB s clocks can contribute to the construction of the free atomic scale (EAL) by BIPM, International time comparisons, most of the time scale comparisons are done between UTC(PTB) and equivalent time scales of other institutes. For example more than ten years PTB has served as the BIPM pivot laboratory for GPS Common View time comparisons and Two-Way Satellite Time and Frequency Transfer (TWSTFT) in Europe and between Europe and the USA. Seite 13 von 23
14 Local time scale UTC(PTB) 5MHz phase micro-stepper (PMS) 5MHz UTC(PTB) 1PPS The PMS allows the introduction of a fractional frequency offset between the input and the output 5 MHz signals with a resolution of Seite 14 von 23
15 Local time scale UTC(PTB) 5MHz phase micro-stepper (PMS) Standard Frequency For almost 20 years UTC(PTB) used to have its physical representation as standard frequency and one pulse per second (1PPS) signals based on is thermal beam primary clock CS2. Since February 2010 UTC(PTB) has instead been realized using an active hydrogen maser (AHM) 5MHz UTC(PTB) 1PPS The PMS allows the introduction of a fractional frequency offset between the input and the output 5 MHz signals with a resolution of Time institutes usually operate several such clocks to avoid any interruption of the continuous realization of their time scales. Seite 15 von 23
16 Local time scale UTC(PTB) AHM 5MHz UTC(PTB) 5MHz 1PPS AHM 5MHz UTC(PTB) A. Bauch et al. Metrologia 49 (2012) Seite 16 von 23
17 Local time scale UTC(PTB) A. Bauch et al. Metrologia 49 (2012) Seite 17 von 23
18 Seite 18 von 23 Time Transfer Two-Way Satellite Time and Frequency Transfer (TWSTFT) The TWSTFT technique provides stable and accurate time transfer since nearly all of the propagation delay cancels out due to symmetry A B B A A t t T B A A B B t t T R 2 A t B t T 2 ) ( ) ( down A up B down B up A 2 A B B A 2 ) ( ) ( R B T B R A T A
19 TWSFTF and GPS sensitivity Type Time stability 24 hours Time accuracy 24 hours Frequency accuracy 24 hours GPS Direct Broadcast 2ns 3 to 10 ns 4 x GPS Common View 1ns 1 to 5 ns 2x GPS carrier Phase 0.1ns 1 to 3 ns 2x TWSTFT 0.1 to 0.2 ns 1ns 2-4 x Seite 19 von 23
20 International Time Comparisons Seite 20 von 23
21 International Time Comparisons Red INRiM Turin Blue (PTB) Cyan (NPL) Green (METES) Open circles(unso) Full circles (PTB) Crosses (SU) Triangles (NIST) Seite 21 von 23
22 Uncertainties of [UTC- UTC(k)] values u A Statistical component of the uncertainty u B Systematic component u Combined uncertainty Seite 22 von 23
23 Thank you for your attention! Physikalisch-Technische Bundesanstalt Braunschweig und Berlin Bundesallee Braunschweig Ali Al-masoudi Arbeitsgruppe 4.32, Optische Gitteruhren Telefon: Stand: 01/14
TIME & FREQUENCY. Overview from artefact to current definition & Realisation UTC. Frank Coutereel.
TIME & FREQUENCY Overview from artefact to current definition & Realisation UTC Frank Coutereel Legal Time in Belgium Past: based on GMT or UT (observations in sky) Today: based on UTC (working atomic
More informationStationary 87 Sr optical lattice clock at PTB ( Accuracy, Instability, and Applications)
Stationary 87 Sr optical lattice clock at PTB ( Accuracy, Instability, and Applications) Ali Al-Masoudi, Sören Dörscher, Roman Schwarz, Sebastian Häfner, Uwe Sterr, and Christian Lisdat Outline Introduction
More informationUPDATE ON TIME AND FREQUENCY ACTIVITIES AT PTB
33rdAnnual Precise Time and Time Interval (PZTZ) Meeting UPDATE ON TIME AND FREQUENCY ACTIVITIES AT PTB Peter Hetzel and Andreas Bauch Physikalisch-TechnischeBundesanstalt,Bundesallee 1, D-38116 Braunschweig,
More informationIntroduction to reference time scales. Gérard Petit Bureau International des Poids et Mesures Sèvres Cedex, France
Introduction to reference time scales Gérard Petit Bureau International des Poids et Mesures 92312 Sèvres Cedex, France gpetit@bipm.org 1 Résumé Timescales: definitions and realizations BIPM atomic time
More informationSTUDIES OF NPL S CLOCK ENSEMBLE ALGORITHM
43 rd Annual Precise Time and Time Interval (PTTI) Systems and Applications Meeting STUDIES OF NPL S CLOCK ENSEMBLE ALGORITHM Setnam L. Shemar, John A. Davis, and Peter B. Whibberley National Physical
More informationA NEW REALIZATION OF TERRESTRIAL TIME
A NEW REALIZATION OF TERRESTRIAL TIME G. Petit BIPM, Pavillon de Breteuil, 92312 Sèvres Cedex, France E-mail: gpetit@bipm.org Abstract Terrestrial Time TT is a time coordinate in a geocentric reference
More informationDevelopment of Algorithms for use in the Galileo Time Service Provider
Development of Algorithms for use in the Galileo Time Service Provider D Baines 1, J A Davis 1, G Parkin 1, P Harris 1, A Batchelor 2, J. M. Pieplu 3, J. H. Hahn 4, A Bauch 5, V. Pettiti 6, P. Uhrich 7,
More informationApplications of interferometers and clocks I. Christian Lisdat
Applications of interferometers and clocks I Christian Lisdat Outline: Keeping time Comparing clocks via the SI, satellites, fibres Interpreting clock comparisons geodesy, temporal variations of fundamental
More informationTime the SI Base Unit Second
Special Issue / PTB-Mitteilungen 122 (2012), No. 1 Time the SI Base Unit Second n Time the SI Base Unit Second Andreas Bauch* Structure 1 Introduction 2 The Definitions of the Unit of Time 3 Realization
More informationLocal Ensemble and Other Reference
Clock Steering Model According to Local Ensemble and Other Reference Time Scale Calvin S.Y. Lin National Standard Time and Frequency Lab., Taiwan 1 What and Why Outline The character of commercial atomic
More informationA NEW REALIZATION OF TERRESTRIAL TIME
CCTF/04-17 A NEW REALIZATION OF TERRESTRIAL TIME G. Petit BIPM, Pavillon de Breteuil, 92312 Sèvres Cedex France- e-mail: gpetit@bipm.org ABSTRACT Terrestrial Time TT is a time coordinate in a geocentric
More informationAtomic time-keeping from 1955 to the present
INSTITUTE OF PHYSICS PUBLISHING Metrologia 42 (2005) S20 S30 METROLOGIA doi:10.1088/0026-1394/42/3/s04 Atomic time-keeping from 1955 to the present Bernard Guinot 1 and Elisa Felicitas Arias 1,2 1 Observatoire
More informationCALIBRATING GPS WITH TWSTFT FOR ACCURATE TIME TRANSFER
CALIBRATING WITH TWSTFT FOR ACCURATE TIME TRANSFER Z. Jiang 1 and A. Niessner 2 1 Bureau International des Poids et Mesures (BIPM) Pavillon de Breteuil F-92312 Sèvres Cedex, France zjiang@bipm.org 2 Bundesamt
More informationAbsolute frequency measurement at level based on the international atomic time
Journal of Physics: Conference Series PAPER OPEN ACCESS Absolute frequency measurement at 10-16 level based on the international atomic time To cite this article: H Hachisu et al 2016 J. Phys.: Conf. Ser.
More informationImprovements in ALGOS
Improvements in ALGOS G. Panfilo CCTF, Sèvres, 13-14 September 2012 1 Clock prediction algorithm Outline Quadratic model TT as frequency reference for drift evaluation Application and effect of the new
More informationAN UPDATE ON PTB S ACTIVITIES IN TIME AND FREQUENCY
AN UPDATE ON PTB S ACTIVITIES IN TIME AND FREQUENCY D. Piester, A. Bauch, J. Becker, and T. Polewka Physikalisch-Technische Bundesanstalt, Braunschweig, Germany Abstract Recent activities in the field
More informationAtomic Clocks. Ekkehard Peik. Physikalisch Technische Bundesanstalt Time and Frequency Department Braunschweig, Germany
CAMAM Spring School, 16-21 March 2015, Carthage, Tunisia Atomic Clocks Ekkehard Peik Ekkehard.Peik@ptb.de Physikalisch Technische Bundesanstalt Time and Frequency Department Braunschweig, Germany Clock
More informationPrimary Frequency Standards in TAI. Gérard Petit Bureau International des Poids et Mesures Sèvres Cedex, France
Primary Frequency Standards in TAI Gérard Petit Bureau International des Poids et Mesures 92312 Sèvres Cedex, France Résumé Primary Frequency Standards reported to the BIPM PFS measurements referenced
More informationREEVALUATION OF THE MEASUREMENT UNCERTAINTY OF UTC TIME TRANSFER
REEVALUATION OF THE MEASUREMENT UNCERTAINTY OF UTC TIME TRANSFER Z. Jiang, W. Lewandowski, G. Panfilo, and G. Petit Bureau International des Poids et Mesures (BIPM) Pavillon de Breteuil F-92312, SEVRES
More informationTime and Frequency Activities at the JHU Applied Physics Laboratory
Time and Frequency Activities at the JHU Applied Physics Laboratory Mihran Miranian, Gregory L. Weaver, Jeffrey F. Garstecki, and Richard A. Dragonette Johns Hopkins University Applied Physics Laboratory,
More informationStatus Report of Time and Frequency Activities at NPL- India
Status Report of Time and Frequency Activities at NPL- India (TCTF 2017) Team: V. N. Ojha, Ashish Agarwal, P. Arora, S. Panja, P. Thorat, T. Bharadwaj, S. De, S. Yadav, P. Kandpal, M. P. Olaniya and D
More informationHigh Accuracy Strontium Ion Optical Clock
High Accuracy Strontium Ion Optical Clock Helen Margolis, Geoff Barwood, Hugh Klein, Guilong Huang, Stephen Lea, Krzysztof Szymaniec and Patrick Gill T&F Club 15 th April 2005 Outline Optical frequency
More informationTHE FUTURE MODEL OF TA (TL)
THE FUTURE MODEL OF TA (TL) Shinn-Yan Lin, Hsin-Ming Peng, Weng-Hung Tseng, Hung-Tien Lin, and Chia-Shu Liao National Standard Time and Frequency Lab., TL, Chunghwa Telecom Co. Ltd. No. 12 Lane 551, Min-Tsu
More informationTime Systems. Roelf Botha. Hartebeesthoek Radio Astronomy Observatory Site, SARAO. AVN training 8 March 2018
Time Systems Roelf Botha (adapted from Ludwig Combrinck) Hartebeesthoek Radio Astronomy Observatory Site, SARAO roelf@hartrao.ac.za AVN training 8 March 2018 What is time? The Critique of Pure Reason,
More informationReport from TCTF/TCL JWG on Optical Frequency Metrology
Report from TCTF/TCL JWG on Optical Frequency Metrology Masami Yasuda 1 and Tetsuya Ido 2 1 Time Standards Group, National Metrology Institute of Japan (NMIJ), National Institute of Advanced Industrial
More informationOptical clocks as secondary frequency standards and re-definition of the second
Optical clocks as secondary frequency standards and re-definition of the second Gérard Petit BIPM Time Department ISSI Workshop Spacetime metrology, clocks and relativistic geodesy 19-23 March 2018 ISSI
More informationPTB'S PRIMARY CLOCK CS1: FIRST RESULTS AFTER ITS RECONSTRUCTION
PTB'S PRIMARY CLOCK CS1: FIRST RESULTS AFTER ITS RECONSTRUCTION Andreas Bauch, Harald Brand, Thomas Heindorff, Bernd Fischer, and Roland Schriider Physikalisch-Technische Bundesanstalt, Time-Unit Laboratory,
More informationDate h UTC APR 29 MAY 4 MAY 9 MAY 14 MAY 19 MAY 24 MAY 29 Uncertainty/ns Notes MJD u A
CIRCULAR T 233 ISSN 1143-1393 2007 JUNE 12, 09h UTC BUREAU INTERNATIONAL DES POIDS ET MESURES ORGANISATION INTERGOUVERNEMENTALE DE LA CONVENTION DU METRE PAVILLON DE BRETEUIL F-92312 SEVRES CEDEX TEL.
More informationLONG-TERM STABILITY OF REMOTE CLOCK COMPARISONS WITH IGS CLOCK PRODUCTS
LONG-TERM STABILITY OF REMOTE CLOCK COMPARISONS WITH IGS CLOCK PRODUCTS Victor Zhang, Thomas E. Parker, and Marc A. Weiss Time and Frequency Division National Institute of Standards and Technology Boulder,
More informationT&F Activities in NMIJ, AIST
November 15, 2010 T&F Activities in NMIJ, AIST APMP/TCTF meeting 2010 in Thailand National Metrology Institute of Japan (NMIJ) Contents 1. Structure of T&F division of NMIJ/AIST 2. UTC(NMIJ) generation
More informationTIME AND FREQUENCY ACTIVITIES AT THE JHU APPLIED PHYSICS LABORATORY
TIME AND FREQUENCY ACTIVITIES AT THE JHU APPLIED PHYSICS LABORATORY Mihran Miranian, Gregory L. Weaver, Matthew J. Reinhart, and Richard A.Dragonette Johns Hopkins University/Applied Physics Laboratory
More informationTrial for upgrading of Japan Standard Time
2015. 10. 31 ATF2015 Trial for upgrading of Japan Standard Time Y. Hanado, F. Nakagawa and K. Imamura National Institute of Information and Communications Technology (NICT), Japan Contents Introduction
More informationFundamental Constants and Units
Schladming Winter School 2010: Masses and Constants Lecture I Fundamental Constants and Units Ekkehard Peik Physikalisch-Technische Bundesanstalt Time and Frequency Department Braunschweig, Germany Physikalisch-Technische
More informationNPL Time and Frequency Section: NPL S CONTRIBUTION TO TUGGS
NPL Time & Frequency NPL Time and Frequency Section: NPL S CONTRIBUTION TO TUGGS J A Davis, P W Stacey, R Hlavac, and P B Whibberley. Date: 21st April 2004 THALES UK-BASED GNSS GROUND SEGMENT (TUGGS) Aim
More informationthe experience of INRIM in the Galileo project
FIFTH MEETING OF THE INTERNATIONAL COMMITTEE ON GLOBAL NAVIGATION SATELLITE SYSTEMS (ICG) Time metrology in navigation systems: the experience of INRIM in the Galileo project Patrizia i Tavella Istituto
More informationTime and Frequency metrology: e-infrastractures for Science and Society
Time and Frequency metrology: e-infrastractures for Science and Society Davide Calonico Optics Division Istituto Nazionale Di Ricerca Metrologica d.calonico@inrim.it Time and Frequency Metrology: who cares?
More informationBeiDou and Galileo Carrier-Phase Time Transfer toward TAI Computation
BeiDou and Galileo Carrier-Phase Time Transfer toward TAI Computation Baoqi Sun 1,2,3, Yulong Ge 1,2,3, Mingjun Ouyang 1,2,3, Li Zhang 1,2,3, Xuhai Yang 1,2,3,Weijin Qin 1,2,4, Meifang Wu 1,2,3, Haiyan
More informationTowards a redefinition of the SI second by optical clocks: Achievements and challenges
Towards a redefinition of the SI second by optical clocks: Achievements and challenges Status of Optical Atomic Clocks Single Ion Clocks (Yb + Octupole Transition Clock) Neutral Atom Clocks (Sr Lattice
More informationFundamentals of Mass Determination
Fundamentals of Mass Determination Michael Borys Roman Schwartz Arthur Reichmuth Roland Nater Fundamentals of Mass Determination 123 Michael Borys Fachlabor 1.41 Physikalisch-Technische Bundesanstalt Bundesallee
More informationESTIMATION OF NUTATION TERMS USING GPS
ESTIMATION OF NUTATION TERMS USING GPS Markus Rothacher, Gerhard Beutler Astronomical Institute, University of Berne CH-3012 Berne, Switzerland ABSTRACT Satellite space-geodetic measurements have been
More informationTime frames, leap seconds and GPS
Time frames, leap seconds and GPS Andy Shearer Centre for Astronomy NUI, Galway How important is absolute timing accuracy... I How important is absolute timing accuracy... II important enough for particle
More informationTime Systems. Ludwig Combrinck. Hartebeesthoek Radio Astronomy Observatory. AVN training 9 March 2017
Time Systems Ludwig Combrinck Hartebeesthoek Radio Astronomy Observatory ludwig@hartrao.ac.za AVN training 9 March 2017 What is time? AVN Training March 2017 2 The Critique of Pure Reason, by Immanuel
More informationAT ABOUT 4:30 P.M. of October 13, 1967, the 13th
898 IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON ULTRASONICS, FERROELECTRICS, AND FREQUENCY CONTROL, VOL. 65, NO. 6, JUNE 2018 The 50th Anniversary of the Atomic Second E. Felicitas Arias, Demetrios Matsakis, Terry J. Quinn,
More informationOptical Lattice Clock with Neutral Mercury
Optical Lattice Clock with Neutral Mercury R. Tyumenev, Z. Xu, J.J. McFerran, Y. Le Coq and S. Bize SYRTE, Observatoire de Paris 61 avenue de l Observatoire, 75014 Paris, France rinat.tyumenev@obspm.fr
More informationTitelmasterformat durch About atomic (optical) clocks Klicken bearbeiten
Titelmasterformat durch About atomic (optical) clocks Klicken bearbeiten Christian Lisdat Goslar 12.02.2013 Gesetz über die Einheiten im Messwesen und die Zeitbestimmung Why clocks? 6 Physikalisch-Technische
More informationWhite Rabbit-Based Time Distribution at NIST
White Rabbit-Based Time Distribution at NIST J. Savory, J. Sherman, and S. Romisch Time and Frequency Division National Institute of Standards and Technology Boulder, CO 80305 joshua.savory@nist.gov Abstract
More informationScience as Break from Vacation
I. Physics & Measurement Cartoon: Science as Break from Vacation - Syllabus - Requirements - Homework via Web Assign 1.1 Introduction The first statement that our teacher made in the physics class in my
More informationA REAL-TIME PREDICTION OF UTC
A REAL-TIME PREDICTION OF UTC Claudine Thomas Bureau International des Poids et Mesures Pavillon de Breteuil, 92312 Sevres Cedex, France and David W. Man Allan's TIME, P.O. Box 66 Fountain Green, UT 84632,
More informationTable 4. Equipment and source of UTC(k) of the laboratories contributing to TAI in Lab k Equipment Source of UTC(k) (1) TA(k) UTCr SF
Table 4. Equipment and source of UTC(k) of the laboratories contributing to TAI in 2015 means 'yes' 26 AOS (2) (18) APL + frequency synthesizer steered to UTC(APL) AUS 5 Ind. Cs BEV BIM BIRM (a) BY 6 H-masers
More informationStatus Report on Time and Frequency Activities at NMIJ, AIST
November 26, 2012 APMP TCTF meeting Status Report on Time and Frequency Activities at NMIJ, AIST Takeshi Ikegami Time and Frequency Division, National Metrology Institute of Japan, AIST Director Deputy-Directors
More informationOptical clocks and fibre links. Je ro me Lodewyck
Optical clocks and fibre links Je ro me Lodewyck J. Lodewyck Optical clocks and fibre links GRAM, Juin 2016 1/34 Content 1 Atomic clocks 2 Optical lattice clocks 3 Clock comparisons 4 Comparison of optical
More informationSolar Observations Using Total Stations Phenomenal Results by: Sayed R. Hashimi, Professor Surveying Engineering Department Ferris State University
Phenomenal Results by: Sayed R. Hashimi, Professor Surveying Engineering Department Ferris State University Abstract Today s electronic total stations have all the features that make them the most desirable
More informationOn the measurement quality of UTC time transfer
Rapport BIPM2011/07 BUREAU INTERNATIONAL DES POIDS ET MESURES On the measurement quality of UTC time transfer Evolution and Reevaluation of Measurement Uncertainty in [UTCUTC(k)] Z. Jiang and W. Lewandowski
More informationRelativistic theory for time comparisons: a review
INSTITUTE OF PHYSICS PUBLISHING Metrologia 4 005) S138 S144 METROLOGI doi:10.1088/006-1394/4/3/s14 Relativistic theory for time comparisons: a review Gérard Petit 1 and Peter Wolf 1, 1 BIPM, Pavillon de
More informationResearch Article The New Generation System of Japan Standard Time at NICT
Navigation and Observation Volume 2008, Article ID 841672, 7 pages doi:10.1155/2008/841672 Research Article The New Generation System of Japan Standard Time at NICT Yuko Hanado, 1 Kuniyasu Imamura, 1 Noboru
More informationSI Broader Scope - Projects
European Metrology Programme for Innovation and Research SI Broader Scope - Projects An overview of the funded projects from the Targeted Programme SI Broader Scope. The aim of these projects is to underpin
More informationFORCE STANDARDS COMPARISON BETWEEN PTB (GERMANY) AND CENAM (MEXICO).
FORCE STANDARDS COMPARISON BETWEEN PTB (GERMANY) AND CENAM (MEXICO). Jorge C. Torres-Guzmán*, Amritlal Sawla**, Daniel Ramírez-Ahedo* * Centro Nacional de Metrología, México. **Physikalisch-Technische
More informationThe new Closed Loop pigsar and its projected CMC. Jos van der Grinten, Detlef Vieth, Bodo Mickan
The new Closed Loop pigsar and its projected CMC Jos van der Grinten, Detlef Vieth, Bodo Mickan Introduction pigsar Calibration facilities Closed Loop pigsar (CLP) Calibration model Uncertainty analysis
More informationWeek 02. Assist. Prof. Dr. Himmet KARAMAN
Week 02 Assist. Prof. Dr. Himmet KARAMAN Contents Satellite Orbits Ephemerides GPS Review Accuracy & Usage Limitation Reference Systems GPS Services GPS Segments Satellite Positioning 2 Satellite Orbits
More informationA TRANSATLANTIC GETT TIME TRANSFER EXPERIMENT - LATEST RESULTS
32nd Annual Precise Time and Time Interval (PTTI) Meeting A TRANSATLANTIC GETT TIME TRANSFER EXPERIMENT - LATEST RESULTS R. Dach, T. Schildknecht, T. Springer Astronomical Institute, University of Berne
More informationThe in-flight calibration system for the airborne imager GLORIA
CALCON Technical Conference Utah State University, Logan, UT, USA August 4, 04 F. Olschewski, A. Ebersoldt, F. Friedl-Vallon, B. Gutschwager 4, J. Hollandt 4, A. Kleinert, C. Piesch, C. Monte 4, P. Preusse
More informationTHE SPACE OPTICAL CLOCKS PROJECT
THE SPACE OPTICAL CLOCKS PROJECT S. Schiller (1), G. M. Tino (2), P. Lemonde (3), U. Sterr (4), A. Görlitz (1), N. Poli (2), A. Nevsky (1), C. Salomon (5) and the SOC team (1,2,3,4) (1) Heinrich-Heine-Universität
More informationTime and Quantum Frequency Standards: Towards a Redefinition of the SI Second Programme
Project Title Project Number Price Time and Quantum Frequency Standards: Towards a Redefinition of the SI Second Programme Co-funding target Start Date 01/04/2016 End Date 31/03/2019 Project Lead Patrick
More informationUncertainty evaluation of the caesium fountain clock PTB-CSF2
Uncertainty evaluation of the caesium fountain clock PTB-CSF2 V. Gerginov, N. Nemitz, S. Weyers, R. Schröder, D. Griebsch and R. Wynands Physikalisch-Technische Bundesanstalt (PTB) Bundesallee 100, 38116
More informationOptical Clocks and Tests of Fundamental Principles
Les Houches, Ultracold Atoms and Precision Measurements 2014 Optical Clocks and Tests of Fundamental Principles Ekkehard Peik Physikalisch-Technische Bundesanstalt Time and Frequency Department Braunschweig,
More informationImplementation of MRA NMIs, BIPM,RMO-TCs Improvement of Global Measurement Standards NMIs, BIPM
CCM Progress Report for 2003-2007 Mass and Related Quantities Implementation of MRA NMIs, BIPM,RMO-TCs Improvement of Global Measurement Standards NMIs, BIPM. Structure & functions 2. Progress in CIPM-KC
More informationThe conversion of Universal Time to Greenwich Mean Sidereal Time is rigorously possible and is given by a series development with time defined by
2.2 Time Systems 23 A = LAST - GAST = LMST -GMST. (2.5) LAST is detennined from astronomical observations to fixed stars and extragalactic radio sources. The mean sidereal time scale is still affected
More informationEmissivity, Reflectivity and Transmissivity of Semitransparent Fibre Reinforced Plastic Composites
Thermographie-Kolloquium 2017 More info about this article: http://www.ndt.net/?id=22484 Emissivity, Reflectivity and Transmissivity of Semitransparent Fibre Reinforced Plastic Composites Albert ADIBEKYAN
More informationPrinciples of the Global Positioning System Lecture 14
12.540 Principles of the Global Positioning System Lecture 14 Prof. Thomas Herring http://geoweb.mit.edu/~tah/12.540 Propagation Medium Propagation: Signal propagation from satellite to receiver Light-time
More informationComparison with an uncertainty of between two primary frequency standards
Comparison with an uncertainty of 2 10-16 between two primary frequency standards Cipriana Mandache, C. Vian, P. Rosenbusch, H. Marion, Ph. Laurent, G. Santarelli, S. Bize and A. Clairon LNE-SYRTE, Observatoire
More informationarxiv: v2 [physics.atom-ph] 26 Aug 2011
The 87 Sr optical frequency standard at PTB St. Falke, H. Schnatz, J.S.R. Vellore Winfred, Th. Middelmann, St. Vogt, S. Weyers, B. Lipphardt, G. Grosche, F. Riehle, U. Sterr and Ch. Lisdat Physikalisch-Technische
More informationMASS DETERMINATION OF SILICON SPHERES USED FOR THE AVOGADRO PROJECT
MASS DETERMINATION OF SILICON SPHERES USED FOR THE AVOGADRO PROJECT Michael Borys, Michael Gläser, Michael Mecke Physikalisch-Technische Bundesanstalt (PTB), Germany ABSTRACT Spheres made of a silicon
More informationWorkshop on GNSS Data Application to Low Latitude Ionospheric Research May Fundamentals of Satellite Navigation
2458-6 Workshop on GNSS Data Application to Low Latitude Ionospheric Research 6-17 May 2013 Fundamentals of Satellite Navigation HEGARTY Christopher The MITRE Corporation 202 Burlington Rd. / Rte 62 Bedford
More informationDr. Jean Lautier-Gaud October, 14 th 2016
New generation of operational atomic clock: what perspectives for radio-astronomy & VLBI? Dr. Jean Lautier-Gaud October, 14 th 2016 Courtesy of Noel Dimarcq, SYRTE Content 1. Why is Muquans here? 2. What
More informationarxiv: v1 [physics.atom-ph] 5 Jun 2014
arxiv:10.137v1 [physics.atom-ph] 5 Jun 01 Evaluation of Long Term Performance of Continuously Running Atomic Fountains Steven Peil, James L. Hanssen, Thomas B. Swanson, Jennifer Taylor, Christopher R.
More informationSOME PRELIMINARY RESULTS OF THE FAST CALIBRATION TRIP DURING THE INTELSAT FIELD TRIALS
SOME PRELIMINARY RESULTS OF THE FAST CALIBRATION TRIP DURING THE INTELSAT FIELD TRIALS W.J. Klepczynski (USNO) US Naval Observatory Washington D.C., USA J.A. Davis (NPL) National Physical Laboratory Teddington,
More informationTWSTFT DATA TREATMENT FOR UTC TIME TRANSFER
TWSTFT DATA TREATMENT FOR UTC TIME TRANSFER Z. Jiang, W. Lewandowski, and H. Konaté Bureau International des Poids et Mesures (BIPM) Pavillon de Breteuil F-92312 Sèvres Cedex, France E-mail: zjiang@bipm.org
More informationGeodesy Part of the ACES Mission: GALILEO on Board the International Space Station
Geodesy Part of the ACES Mission: GALILEO on Board the International Space Station 1 Svehla D, 2 Rothacher M, 3 Salomon C, 2 Wickert J, 2 Helm A, 2 Beyerle, G, 4 Ziebart M, 5 Dow J 1 Institute of Astronomical
More informationCESIUM ATOMIC FOUNTAIN CLOCKS AT NMIJ
CESIUM ATOMIC FOUNTAIN CLOCKS AT NMIJ A. Takamizawa 1, S. Yanagimachi 1, Y. Shirakawa 2, K. Watabe 1, K. Hagimoto 1, and T. Ikegami 1 1 National Metrology Institute of Japan (NMIJ), AIST 2 Tokyo University
More informationOverview of Frequency Metrology at NMIJ
Overview of Frequency Metrology at NMIJ Kazumoto Hosaka Time and Frequency Division (NMIJ), National Institute of Advanced Industrial Science and Technology (AIST) APMP TCTF 2014 Daejeon, KOREA 20 th -
More informationEuropean Association of National Metrology Institutes
European Association of National Metrology Institutes EURAMET GUIDELINES ON TEMPERATURE: Extrapolation of SPRT calibrations below the triple point of argon, 83.8058 K, and traceability in baths of liquid
More informationIntercomparison of Measurements of the Thermophysical Properties of Polymethyl Methacrylate 1
International Journal of Thermophysics, Vol. 25, No. 5, September 2004 ( 2004) Intercomparison of Measurements of the Thermophysical Properties of Polymethyl Methacrylate 1 S. Rudtsch 2 and U. Hammerschmidt
More informationTransportable optical clocks: Towards gravimetry based on the gravitational redshift
Transportable optical clocks: Towards gravimetry based on the gravitational redshift A.A. Görlitz, P. Lemonde, C. Salomon, B.S. Schiller, U. Sterr and G. Tino C.Towards a Roadmap for Future Satellite Gravity
More informationTHE IMPROVED UTC SYSTEM TO BE INTRODUCED ON I JANUARY 1972
THE IMPROVED UTC SYSTEM TO BE INTRODUCED ON I JANUARY 1972 b y J. McA. S t e e l e T h is paper was- first presen ted at the C o n feren ce o f C o m m o n w e a lth S u rvey O fficers h eld in C a m brid
More informationRELATIVISTIC ASPECTS IN ASTRONOMICAL STANDARDS AND THE IERS CONVENTIONS
RELATIVISTIC ASPECTS IN ASTRONOMICAL STANDARDS AND THE IERS CONVENTIONS G. PETIT Bureau International des Poids et Mesures 92312 Sèvres France e-mail: gpetit@bipm.org ABSTRACT. In the last years, the definition
More informationOrbit Representation
7.1 Fundamentals 223 For this purpose, code-pseudorange and carrier observations are made of all visible satellites at all monitor stations. The data are corrected for ionospheric and tropospheric delays,
More informationMicrowave and optical spectroscopy in r.f. traps Application to atomic clocks
Microwave and optical spectroscopy in r.f. traps Application to atomic clocks Microwave spectroscopy for hyperfine structure t measurements Energy of a hyperfine state Hyperfine coupling constants: A:
More informationLecture 2 Measurement Systems. GEOS 655 Tectonic Geodesy
Lecture 2 Measurement Systems GEOS 655 Tectonic Geodesy VLBI and SLR VLBI Very Long Baseline Interferometry SLR Satellite Laser Ranging Very Long Baseline Interferometry VLBI Geometric Delay δg S Baseline
More informationISO 8601 INTERNATIONAL STANDARD. Data elements and interchange formats Information interchange Representation of dates and times
INTERNATIONAL STANDARD ISO 8601 Second edition 2000-12-15 Data elements and interchange formats Information interchange Representation of dates and times Éléments de données et formats d'échange Échange
More informationThe ACES Mission. Fundamental Physics Tests with Cold Atom Clocks in Space. L. Cacciapuoti European Space Agency
The ACES Mission Fundamental Physics Tests with Cold Atom Clocks in Space L. Cacciapuoti European Space Agency La Thuile, 20-27 March 2011 Gravitational Waves and Experimental Gravity 1 ACES Mission Concept
More informationRecent and Anticipated Changes to the International Earth Rotation and Reference Systems Service (IERS) Conventions
Recent and Anticipated Changes to the International Earth Rotation and Reference Systems Service (IERS) Conventions Brian Luzum, U.S. Naval Observatory BIOGRAPHY Brian Luzum began full-time employment
More informationISTITUTO ELETTROTECNICO NAZIONALE G.FERRARIS ITALY. Correction (x10-15 )
REPORT TO THE 16 TH SESSION OF CCTF ISTITUTO ELETTROTECNICO NAZIONALE G.FERRARIS ITALY 1 Atomic Frequency Standard Cesium fountain The cesium fountain primary frequency standard denominated IEN CsF1 was
More informationUrban Legends in Gasmetering
Urban Legends in Gasmetering Jos van der Grinten Scientist High Pressure Gas Department Enquiry three statements A national standards institute can disseminate the m³ accurately without re-calibration.
More informationAn Improvement of Rinex-Shift Algorithm for Continuous GPS Carrier-Phase Time Transfer (Final Version).pdf
University of Colorado Boulder From the SelectedWorks of Jian Yao 2014 An Improvement of Rinex-Shift Algorithm for Continuous GPS Carrier-Phase Time Transfer (Final Version).pdf Jian Yao, University of
More informationCharacterization of radiation quality based on nanodosimetry. Hans Rabus
Characterization of radiation quality based on nanodosimetry Hans Rabus Physikalisch-Technische Bundesanstalt (PTB), Braunschweig, Germany Motivation Biological effectiveness of ionizing radiation depends
More informationDISTRIBUTED COMPUTER SYSTEMS
DISTRIBUTED COMPUTER SYSTEMS SYNCHRONIZATION Dr. Jack Lange Computer Science Department University of Pittsburgh Fall 2015 Topics Clock Synchronization Physical Clocks Clock Synchronization Algorithms
More informationFinal Report of the BIPM Pilot Study on UTC Time Link Calibration.pdf
University of Colorado Boulder From the SelectedWorks of Jian Yao 2016 Final Report of the BIPM Pilot Study on UTC Time Link Calibration.pdf Available at: https://works.bepress.com/jian-yao/14/ Final report
More informationBUREAU INTERNATIONAL DES POIDS ET MESURES. Comparison of Quantum Hall Effect resistance standards of the PTB and the BIPM
BUREAU INTERNATIONAL DES POIDS ET MESURES Comparison of Quantum Hall Effect resistance standards of the PTB and the BIPM on-going comparison BIPM.EM-K12 Report on the 2013 on-site comparison Final Report
More informationClimate Monitoring with Radio Occultation Data
Climate Monitoring with Radio Occultation Data Systematic Error Sources C. Rocken, S. Sokolovskiy, B. Schreiner, D. Hunt, B. Ho, B. Kuo, U. Foelsche Radio Occultation Claims Most stable Global Thermometer
More informationThe Statistics of GPS
The Statistics of GPS Demetrios Matsakis U.S. Naval Observatory, 3450 Massachusetts Avenue NW, Washington, DC., USA, 20392 ABSTRACT The Global Positioning System (GPS) is an extremely effective satellite-based
More information