The Classification of Galaxies
|
|
- Tiffany Hampton
- 5 years ago
- Views:
Transcription
1 Admin. 11/9/17 1. Class website 2. Optional Discussion sections: Tue. ~11.30am (period 5), Bryant 3; Thur. ~12.30pm (end of period 5 and period 6), start in Pugh 170, then Bryant 3 [if just a small group we move to my office Bryant]. 3. Office hr: Tuesday pm; Wed pm, Bryant 302 (but me if coming on Wed.). 4. Homework 9: is due Fri. Nov. 10th 11.59pm via Canvas e-learning under Quizzes 5. Reading this week: Ch. 0-3, , 5-14, Midterm 2: results discussed in class. 7. Observing project deadline was Thur. Nov. 2nd Final exam - Tue. 5th Dec., in class. 9. me Astro-news, jokes, tunes, images: ast1002_tan-l@lists.ufl.edu 10. Printed class notes? Name tags? Different methods for measuring distance work only over certain ranges. They also have different accuracies (radar & stellar parallax methods being more accurate). Calibration of the larger distance methods requires overlap of application of the techniques to the same astronomical object. Methods shown here allow us to measure distance to many nearby galaxies. The Distance Ladder (see Ch. 14 in text book) Key Concepts: Lecture 31: Galaxies The Distance Ladder Galaxy Types: Spirals, Ellipticals, Irregulars, Dwarfs The Classification of Galaxies Galaxies can be classified by how they appear on the sky How flattened the spheroid is How prominent the disk and spiral arms are If there is a bar Hubble devised what he thought may be an evolutionary sequence Spiral Density Waves Mergers of Galaxies and Galaxy Evolution Active Galaxies - more evidence for supermassive black holes
2 Only a smooth spheroidal component Hubble class subdivides them E0 - circular E7 - most elongated No prominent disk Composed of old reddish stars Little dust, gas or ongoing star formation NGC Edge on Sb M83 classed as SBb Elliptical Galaxies bar M87 - E0 Sombrero Galaxy Sa M84 S0 E7 What are Spiral Arms? Spiral Galaxies Have disk with two or more arms Bulge is old and red Disk has gas and star formation Hubble sequence (Sa, Sb, Sc) size of nuclear bulge vs. disk tightness of spiral arms Sa - tightest pattern & large bulge Sc - open pattern & smallest bulge S0 or lenticular Have disk but no arms Sb Spiral arms are regions with a higher density of gas, dust & stars The rotation speed in these galaxies is approximately constant with radius. So, why do the arms not get more tightly wound up? Sc Answer: the spiral arms are density waves
3 A familiar example of a Density Wave The Spiral of the Milky Way Hydrogen atoms emit radio waves, with a wavelength of about 21cm Due to change in alignment of proton & electron Radio waves pass through dust unaffected Can be used to map the spiral arms of our galaxy Use Doppler shift and rotation of Galaxy to determine the distance Spiral Arms Spiral arms are density waves As the gas and stars orbit the galaxy, they change their speed as they approach and leave the wave, so they spend more time in the arm, becoming bunched up. This is similar to what happens to cars in a traffic jam Because the gas densities are higher in spiral arms, they tend to be traced by star formation regions Irregular Galaxies No spiral structure or nuclear bulge Dominated by OB Stars & regions of ionized gas (created by the hot OB stars) Large Magellanic Cloud
4 Dwarf Galaxies The smallest galaxies are dwarf ellipticals No current star formation About the same number of stars in a globular cluster Tend to be found near larger galaxies The most common type of galaxy Leo I Mergers of Galaxies Galaxies are relatively big compared to the space between them, and so can sometimes undergo interactions Typical size ~100,000 ly, typical separation ~1,000,000 ly
5 Interacting Galaxies Galaxies tend to form in groups Over time dynamical friction causes them to merge Interactions occur primarily though gravity In addition to mergers, Tidal Forces can also tear bits of the galaxies apart No stars actually collide Major effects Causes most strange looking galaxies Disks are destroyed - produce Elliptical type galaxies Starbursts can be stimulated Can produce tails and shells of stars Galaxy collision Milky Way and Andromeda Collision will occur in a few billion years The Antennae Galaxies Antennae with HST Star clusters in formation Bands of dust and gas
6 The Cart Wheel Galaxy A Splash encounter One galaxy passes through the other Causes a wave to travel out When Galaxies Collide video Galaxy Evolution Interactions are one major driver of the evolution of galaxies. The merger of two gas-rich spiral galaxies can result in an elliptical galaxy with relatively little gas. The gas was turned into stars during the merger in a Starburst. The Masses of Galaxies The stars & gas in galaxies are supported against gravity by their orbits Use Doppler shift to measure orbital velocities Use Newton s adaptation of Kepler s third law to measure the masses of galaxies Typical mass M sun for large galaxies
7 The Masses of Galaxies Spiral disks tend to have flat or rising rotation curves Thus, as in the Milky Way, mass continues to increase as you move outward The total amount of mass is about 10x greater than that expected from the stars & gas More missing mass!: Further evidence for Dark Matter Radio Galaxies (a certain kind of active galaxy) Radio telescopes found about 0.01% of galaxies had very bright radio emission Radio jets of charged particles originate in nucleus of galaxy Radio lobes can be up to 1-10 Mpc across The galaxy is usually an elliptical and often interacting or disturbed Cen A Optical Cen A Radio Active Galaxies Quasars were the first type found in the 1960s Normal Galaxies Gas, dust & stars Star formation Active Galaxies Powerful compact energy source in nucleus: AGN (Active Galactic Nucleus) can outshine entire galaxy Not due to normal stars Manifestations Variable luminosity: changes over several years Strong & broad emission line spectra Radio emission and jets X-rays, gamma rays, UV emission NGC 4151 Cygnus A - The first Radio Galaxy Identified Radio Image Optical Galaxy
8 Active Galactic Nuclei Radio Image M87 HST Image of Disk and Jet The Galaxy The Black Hole paradigm to explain AGN Supermassive hole = Msun Release gravitational energy as matter falls in Rotating matter organizes into a disk Hot inner parts of disk emit brightly in x-ray-optical Rotating BH acts like particle accelerator to produce radio jets Evidence for Black Holes Rapid variability requires small size Very efficient release of energy 10% of mass energy (E=mc2) of material falling into black hole Dynamics (motions of stars and gas in the centers of these galaxies) indicate large nonstellar mass.
Lecture Outlines. Chapter 24. Astronomy Today 8th Edition Chaisson/McMillan Pearson Education, Inc.
Lecture Outlines Chapter 24 Astronomy Today 8th Edition Chaisson/McMillan Chapter 24 Galaxies Units of Chapter 24 24.1 Hubble s Galaxy Classification 24.2 The Distribution of Galaxies in Space 24.3 Hubble
More informationChapter 15 2/19/2014. Lecture Outline Hubble s Galaxy Classification. Normal and Active Galaxies Hubble s Galaxy Classification
Lecture Outline Chapter 15 Normal and Active Galaxies Spiral galaxies are classified according to the size of their central bulge. Chapter 15 Normal and Active Galaxies Type Sa has the largest central
More informationmidterm exam thurs june 14 morning? evening? fri june 15 morning? evening? sat june 16 morning? afternoon? sun june 17 morning? afternoon?
Prof. Jeff Kenney Class 11 June 11, 2018 midterm exam thurs june 14 morning? evening? fri june 15 morning? evening? sat june 16 morning? afternoon? sun june 17 morning? afternoon? observing session tomorrow
More informationView of the Galaxy from within. Lecture 12: Galaxies. Comparison to an external disk galaxy. Where do we lie in our Galaxy?
Lecture 12: Galaxies View of the Galaxy from within The Milky Way galaxy Rotation curves and dark matter External galaxies and the Hubble classification scheme Plotting the sky brightness in galactic coordinates,
More informationLecture 19: Galaxies. Astronomy 111
Lecture 19: Galaxies Astronomy 111 Galaxies What is a galaxy? Large assembly of stars, gas and dust, held together by gravity Sizes: Largest: ~1 Trillion stars (or more) Smallest: ~10 Million stars Milky
More information24.1 Hubble s Galaxy Classification
Chapter 24 Galaxies Units of Chapter 24 24.1 Hubble s Galaxy Classification 24.2 The Distribution of Galaxies in Space 24.3 Hubble s Law 24.4 XXActive Galactic Nuclei XXRelativistic Redshifts and Look-Back
More informationStar systems like our Milky Way. Galaxies
Galaxies Star systems like our Milky Way Galaxies Contain a few thousand to tens of billions of stars,as well as varying amounts of gas and dust Large variety of shapes and sizes Gas and Dust in
More informationGalaxies. CESAR s Booklet
What is a galaxy? Figure 1: A typical galaxy: our Milky Way (artist s impression). (Credit: NASA) A galaxy is a huge collection of stars and interstellar matter isolated in space and bound together by
More informationChapter 30. Galaxies and the Universe. Chapter 30:
Chapter 30 Galaxies and the Universe Chapter 30: Galaxies and the Universe Chapter 30.1: Stars with varying light output allowed astronomers to map the Milky Way, which has a halo, spiral arm, and a massive
More informationGalaxies. Galaxy Diversity. Galaxies, AGN and Quasars. Physics 113 Goderya
Galaxies, AGN and Quasars Physics 113 Goderya Chapter(s): 16 and 17 Learning Outcomes: Galaxies Star systems like our Milky Way Contain a few thousand to tens of billions of stars. Large variety of shapes
More informationBHS Astronomy: Galaxy Classification and Evolution
Name Pd Date BHS Astronomy: Galaxy Classification and Evolution This lab comes from http://cosmos.phy.tufts.edu/~zirbel/ast21/homework/hw-8.pdf (Tufts University) The word galaxy, having been used in English
More informationLecture Two: Galaxy Morphology:
Lecture Two: Galaxy Morphology: Looking more deeply at the Hubble Sequence Galaxy Morphology How do you quantify the properties of galaxies? and how do you put them in groups which allow you to study physically
More informationThe Milky Way & Galaxies
The Milky Way & Galaxies The Milky Way Appears as a milky band of light across the sky A small telescope reveals that it is composed of many stars (Galileo again!) Our knowledge of the Milky Way comes
More informationThe Neighbors Looking outward from the Sun s location in the Milky Way, we can see a variety of other galaxies:
Galaxies The Neighbors Looking outward from the Sun s location in the Milky Way, we can see a variety of other galaxies: Small Magellanic Cloud (Digital Sky Survey) Large Magellanic Cloud (credit: Eckhard
More informationChapter 19 Galaxies. Hubble Ultra Deep Field: Each dot is a galaxy of stars. More distant, further into the past. halo
Chapter 19 Galaxies Hubble Ultra Deep Field: Each dot is a galaxy of stars. More distant, further into the past halo disk bulge Barred Spiral Galaxy: Has a bar of stars across the bulge Spiral Galaxy 1
More informationBROCK UNIVERSITY. Test 2, March 2015 Number of pages: 9 Course: ASTR 1P02 Number of Students: 420 Date of Examination: March 5, 2015
BROCK UNIVERSITY Page 1 of 9 Test 2, March 2015 Number of pages: 9 Course: ASTR 1P02 Number of Students: 420 Date of Examination: March 5, 2015 Number of hours: 50 min Time of Examination: 18:00 18:50
More information4/18/17. Our Schedule. Revisit Quasar 3C273. Dark Matter in the Universe. ASTR 1040: Stars & Galaxies
ASTR 1040: Stars & Galaxies HST Abell 2218 Prof. Juri Toomre TAs: Piyush Agrawal, Connor Bice Lecture 25 Tues 18 Apr 2017 zeus.colorado.edu/astr1040-toomre Our Schedule Observatory Night #8 + #9 (proj
More informationGalaxies. What is a Galaxy? A bit of History. A bit of History. Three major components: 1. A thin disk consisting of young and intermediate age stars
What is a Galaxy? Galaxies A galaxy is a collection of billions of stars, dust, and gas all held together by gravity. Galaxies are scattered throughout the universe. They vary greatly in size and shape.
More information2. Can observe radio waves from the nucleus see a strong radio source there Sagittarius A* or Sgr A*.
7/7 The Nucleus of the MW its center 1. Can t see the nucleus in visible light too much stuff in the way. 2. Can observe radio waves from the nucleus see a strong radio source there Sagittarius A* or Sgr
More informationGalaxies Guiding Questions
Galaxies Guiding Questions How did astronomers first discover other galaxies? How did astronomers first determine the distances to galaxies? Do all galaxies have spiral arms, like the Milky Way? How do
More informationQuasars and Active Galactic Nuclei (AGN)
Quasars and Active Galactic Nuclei (AGN) Astronomy Summer School in Mongolia National University of Mongolia, Ulaanbaatar July 21-26, 2008 Kaz Sekiguchi Hubble Classification M94-Sa M81-Sb M101-Sc M87-E0
More informationLife in the Universe. Key Concepts: Lecture 35: Admin. 11/21/17. All Formulae (for final):
Admin. 11/21/17 Key Concepts: Lecture 35: 1. Class website http://www.astro.ufl.edu/~jt/teaching/ast1002/ 2. Optional Discussion sections: Tue. ~11.30am (period 5), Bryant 3; Thur. ~12.30pm (end of period
More informationOther Galaxy Types. Active Galaxies. A diagram of an active galaxy, showing the primary components. Active Galaxies
Other Galaxy Types Active Galaxies Active Galaxies Seyfert galaxies Radio galaxies Quasars Origin??? Different in appearance Produce huge amount of energy Similar mechanism a Galactic mass black hole at
More informationGalaxies. Lecture Topics. Lecture 23. Discovering Galaxies. Galaxy properties. Local Group. History Cepheid variable stars. Classifying galaxies
Galaxies Lecture 23 APOD: NGC 3628 (The Hamburger Galaxy) 1 Lecture Topics Discovering Galaxies History Cepheid variable stars Galaxy properties Classifying galaxies Local Group 2 23-1 Discovering Galaxies
More informationIt is about 100,000 ly across, 2,000 ly thick, and our solar system is located 26,000 ly away from the center of the galaxy.
The Galaxies The Milky Way Galaxy Is a spiral galaxy in which our solar system is located. The center of the galaxy lies in the Sagittarius Constellation. It is about 100,000 ly across, 2,000 ly thick,
More informationLecture 28: Spiral Galaxies Readings: Section 25-4, 25-5, and 26-3
Lecture 28: Spiral Galaxies Readings: Section 25-4, 25-5, and 26-3 Key Ideas: Disk & Spheroid Components Old Stars in Spheroid Old & Young Stars in Disk Rotation of the Disk: Differential Rotation Pattern
More informationGalaxies with Active Nuclei. Active Galactic Nuclei Seyfert Galaxies Radio Galaxies Quasars Supermassive Black Holes
Galaxies with Active Nuclei Active Galactic Nuclei Seyfert Galaxies Radio Galaxies Quasars Supermassive Black Holes Active Galactic Nuclei About 20 25% of galaxies do not fit well into Hubble categories
More informationM31 - Andromeda Galaxy M110 M32
UNIT 4 - Galaxies XIV. The Milky Way galaxy - a huge collection of millions or billions of stars, gas, and dust, isolated in space and held together by its own gravity M110 M31 - Andromeda Galaxy A. Structure
More informationGalaxies. Hubble's measurement of distance to M31 Normal versus other galaxies Classification of galaxies Ellipticals Spirals Scaling relations
Galaxies Hubble's measurement of distance to M31 Normal versus other galaxies Classification of galaxies Ellipticals Spirals Scaling relations Cepheids in M31 Up to 1920s, the Milky Way was thought by
More informationSpace and Time Before Einstein. The Problem with Light. Admin. 11/2/17. Key Concepts: Lecture 28: Relativity
Admin. 11/2/17 1. Class website http://www.astro.ufl.edu/~jt/teaching/ast1002/ 2. Optional Discussion sections: Tue. ~11.30am (period 5), Bryant 3; Thur. ~12.30pm (end of period 5 and period 6), start
More informationGalaxy classification
Galaxy classification Questions of the Day What are elliptical, spiral, lenticular and dwarf galaxies? What is the Hubble sequence? What determines the colors of galaxies? Top View of the Milky Way The
More informationChapter 15 Galaxies and the Foundation of Modern Cosmology
15.1 Islands of stars Chapter 15 Galaxies and the Foundation of Modern Cosmology Cosmology: study of galaxies What are they 3 major types of galaxies? Spiral galaxies: like the milky way, look like flat,
More informationQuasars: Back to the Infant Universe
Quasars: Back to the Infant Universe Learning Objectives! What is a quasar? What spectral features tell us quasars are very redshifted (very distant)? What spectral features tell us they are composed of
More informationASTR 1040: Stars & Galaxies
ASTR 1040: Stars & Galaxies Our wide world (universe) of Galaxies Expanding universe: Hubble s discovery #2 Challenge of measuring s in universe review methods used Subtle concept of Lookback time Active
More informationThe physical properties of galaxies in Universe
The physical properties of galaxies in Universe Iurii Babyk, Dublin Institute for Advanced Studies, Dublin City University, Main Astronomical Observatory of the NAS of Ukraine. Introduction Large-Scale
More informationThe Galaxy. (The Milky Way Galaxy)
The Galaxy (The Milky Way Galaxy) Which is a picture of the Milky Way? A A is what we see from Earth inside the Milky Way while B is what the Milky Way might look like if we were far away looking back
More informationNormal Galaxies (Ch. 24) + Galaxies and Dark Matter (Ch. 25) Symbolically: E0.E7.. S0..Sa..Sb..Sc..Sd..Irr
Normal Galaxies (Ch. 24) + Galaxies and Dark Matter (Ch. 25) Here we will cover topics in Ch. 24 up to 24.4, but then skip 24.4, 24.5 and proceed to 25.1, 25.2, 25.3. Then, if there is time remaining,
More informationGalaxies. With a touch of cosmology
Galaxies With a touch of cosmology Types of Galaxies Spiral Elliptical Irregular Spiral Galaxies Spiral Galaxies Disk component where the spiral arms are Interstellar medium Star formation Spheroidal
More informationLecture 30. The Galactic Center
Lecture 30 History of the Galaxy Populations and Enrichment Galactic Evolution Spiral Arms Galactic Types Apr 5, 2006 Astro 100 Lecture 30 1 The Galactic Center The nature of the center of the Galaxy is
More informationASTR 1040 Accel Astro: Stars & Galaxies
ASTR 1040 Accel Astro: Stars & Galaxies Prof. Juri Toomre TA: Kyle Augustson Lecture 25 Tues 15 Apr 08 zeus.colorado.edu/astr1040-toomre toomre Stefan s Quintet On Galaxy Evolution Lane Most striking:
More informationA100H Exploring the Universe: Discovering Galaxies. Martin D. Weinberg UMass Astronomy
A100H Exploring the Universe: Discovering Galaxies Martin D. Weinberg UMass Astronomy astron100h-mdw@courses.umass.edu April 05, 2016 Read: Chap 19 04/05/16 slide 1 Exam #2 Returned by next class meeting
More informationOur Galaxy. Milky Way Galaxy = Sun + ~100 billion other stars + gas and dust. Held together by gravity! The Milky Way with the Naked Eye
Our Galaxy Milky Way Galaxy = Sun + ~100 billion other stars + gas and dust Held together by gravity! The Milky Way with the Naked Eye We get a special view of our own galaxy because we are part of it!
More informationOur Galaxy. We are located in the disk of our galaxy and this is why the disk appears as a band of stars across the sky.
Our Galaxy Our Galaxy We are located in the disk of our galaxy and this is why the disk appears as a band of stars across the sky. Early attempts to locate our solar system produced erroneous results.
More informationTour of Galaxies. Sgr A* VLT in IR + adaptive optics. orbits. ASTR 1040 Accel Astro: Stars & Galaxies VLT IR+AO
ASTR 1040 Accel Astro: Stars & Galaxies Prof. Juri Toomre TA: Kyle Augustson Lecture 23 Tues 8 Apr 08 zeus.colorado.edu/astr1040-toomre toomre Tour of Galaxies Briefly revisit Monster in the Milky Way
More informationGalaxies & Introduction to Cosmology
Galaxies & Introduction to Cosmology Other Galaxies: How many are there? Hubble Deep Field Project 100 hour exposures over 10 days Covered an area of the sky about 1/100 the size of the full moon Probably
More informationASTRON 449: Stellar (Galactic) Dynamics. Fall 2014
ASTRON 449: Stellar (Galactic) Dynamics Fall 2014 In this course, we will cover the basic phenomenology of galaxies (including dark matter halos, stars clusters, nuclear black holes) theoretical tools
More informationQuestion 1. Question 2. Correct. Chapter 16 Homework. Part A
Chapter 16 Homework Due: 11:59pm on Thursday, November 17, 2016 To understand how points are awarded, read the Grading Policy for this assignment. Question 1 Following are a number of distinguishing characteristics
More informationPart two of a year-long introduction to astrophysics:
ASTR 3830 Astrophysics 2 - Galactic and Extragalactic Phil Armitage office: JILA tower A909 email: pja@jilau1.colorado.edu Spitzer Space telescope image of M81 Part two of a year-long introduction to astrophysics:
More informationThis Week in Astronomy
Homework #8 Due Wednesday, April 18, 11:59PM Covers Chapters 15 and 16 Estimated time to complete: 40 minutes Read chapters, review notes before starting This Week in Astronomy Credit: NASA/JPL-Caltech
More informationOn Today s s Radar. ASTR 1040 Accel Astro: Stars & Galaxies. Sb) Andromeda M31 (Sb( Andromeda surprises with Spitzer in IR
ASTR 1040 Accel Astro: Stars & Galaxies Prof. Juri Toomre TAs: Nicholas Nelson, Zeeshan Parkar Lecture 24 Thur 8 Apr 2010 zeus.colorado.edu/astr1040-toomre toomre NGC 1232 Spiral Sb On Today s s Radar
More informationAstr 2320 Thurs. April 27, 2017 Today s Topics. Chapter 21: Active Galaxies and Quasars
Astr 2320 Thurs. April 27, 2017 Today s Topics Chapter 21: Active Galaxies and Quasars Emission Mechanisms Synchrotron Radiation Starburst Galaxies Active Galactic Nuclei Seyfert Galaxies BL Lac Galaxies
More informationActive Galaxies & Quasars
Active Galaxies & Quasars Normal Galaxy Active Galaxy Galactic Nuclei Bright Active Galaxy NGC 5548 Galaxy Nucleus: Exact center of a galaxy and its immediate surroundings. If a spiral galaxy, it is the
More informationBlack Holes in Hibernation
Black Holes in Hibernation Black Holes in Hibernation Only about 1 in 100 galaxies contains an active nucleus. This however does not mean that most galaxies do no have SMBHs since activity also requires
More informationThe Milky Way Galaxy
1/5/011 The Milky Way Galaxy Distribution of Globular Clusters around a Point in Sagittarius About 00 globular clusters are distributed in random directions around the center of our galaxy. 1 1/5/011 Structure
More informationExam 4 Review EXAM COVERS LECTURES 22-29
Exam 4 Review EXAM COVERS LECTURES 22-29 Theoretically is there a center of the universe? Is there an edge? Do we know where Earth is on this? There is no center to the Universe, What kind of light we
More informationGalaxy Classification
Galaxies Galaxies are collections of billons of stars; our home galaxy, the Milky Way, is a typical example. Stars, gas, and interstellar dust orbit the center of the galaxy due to the gravitational attraction
More informationHow did the universe form? 1 and 2
Galaxies How did the universe form? 1 and 2 Galaxies Astronomers estimate that 40 billion galaxies exist in the observable universe The universe may contain over 100 billion galaxies Even a modest-sized
More informationGalaxies The Hubble Sequence Different Types of Galaxies 4 broad Morphological Types created by Edwin Hubble Galaxies come is a variety of shapes and
Galaxies The Hubble Sequence Different Types of Galaxies 4 broad Morphological Types created by Edwin Hubble Galaxies come is a variety of shapes and sizes Edwin Hubble classified the galaxies into four
More informationThe Milky Way. Mass of the Galaxy, Part 2. Mass of the Galaxy, Part 1. Phys1403 Stars and Galaxies Instructor: Dr. Goderya
Foundations Chapter of Astronomy 15 13e Our Milky Way Seeds Phys1403 Stars and Galaxies Instructor: Dr. Goderya Selected Topics in Chapter 15 A view our Milky Way? The Size of our Milky Way The Mass of
More informationChapter 20 Lecture. The Cosmic Perspective. Seventh Edition. Galaxies and the Foundation of Modern Cosmology Pearson Education, Inc.
Chapter 20 Lecture The Cosmic Perspective Seventh Edition Galaxies and the Foundation of Modern Cosmology 20.1 Islands of Stars Our goals for learning: How do galaxies evolve? What are the three major
More informationAccretion Disks. Review: Stellar Remnats. Lecture 12: Black Holes & the Milky Way A2020 Prof. Tom Megeath 2/25/10. Review: Creating Stellar Remnants
Lecture 12: Black Holes & the Milky Way A2020 Prof. Tom Megeath Review: Creating Stellar Remnants Binaries may be destroyed in white dwarf supernova Binaries be converted into black holes Review: Stellar
More informationBROCK UNIVERSITY. Test 2, March 2018 Number of pages: 9 Course: ASTR 1P02, Section 1 Number of Students: 465 Date of Examination: March 12, 2018
BROCK UNIVERSITY Page 1 of 9 Test 2, March 2018 Number of pages: 9 Course: ASTR 1P02, Section 1 Number of Students: 465 Date of Examination: March 12, 2018 Number of hours: 50 min Time of Examination:
More informationAST-1002 Section 0459 Review for Final Exam Please do not forget about doing the evaluation!
AST-1002 Section 0459 Review for Final Exam Please do not forget about doing the evaluation! Bring pencil #2 with eraser No use of calculator or any electronic device during the exam We provide the scantrons
More informationLecture 33: Announcements
Lecture 33: Announcements 1) Pick up graded hwk 5. Good job: Jessica, Jessica, and Elizabeth for a 100% score on hwk 5 and the other 25% of the class with an A. 2) Article and homework 7 were posted on
More informationA. Thermal radiation from a massive star cluster. B. Emission lines from hot gas C. 21 cm from hydrogen D. Synchrotron radiation from a black hole
ASTR 1040 Accel Astro: Stars & Galaxies Prof. Juri Toomre TA: Nicholas Nelson Lecture 26 Thur 14 Apr 2011 zeus.colorado.edu/astr1040-toomre toomre HST Abell 2218 Reading clicker what makes the light? What
More information11/8/18. Tour of Galaxies. Our Schedule
ASTR 1040: Stars & Galaxies Super-bubble blowout in NGC 3709 Prof. Juri Toomre TAs: Ryan Horton, Loren Matilsky Lecture 22 Thur 8 Nov 2018 zeus.colorado.edu/astr1040-toomre Tour of Galaxies Look at complex
More informationAn analogy. "Galaxies" can be compared to "cities" What would you like to know about cities? What would you need to be able to answer these questions?
An analogy "Galaxies" can be compared to "cities" What would you like to know about cities? how does your own city look like? how big is it? what is its population? history? how did it develop? how does
More informationOutline. The Rotation of the Galaxy. Astronomy: The Big Picture
I decided to cancel class next week! No homework until you get back. Honor credit need to have those papers soon! Exam 2 Grades are posted. Nighttime observing should be posted today. Interest in grade
More informationGalaxy Morphology. - a description of the structure of galaxies
Galaxy Morphology - a description of the structure of galaxies Galaxy Morphology - a description of the structure of galaxies Galaxy Morphology - a description of the structure of galaxies Clearly astronomical
More informationLecture Outlines. Chapter 25. Astronomy Today 7th Edition Chaisson/McMillan Pearson Education, Inc.
Lecture Outlines Chapter 25 Astronomy Today 7th Edition Chaisson/McMillan Chapter 25 Galaxies and Dark Matter Units of Chapter 25 25.1 Dark Matter in the Universe 25.2 Galaxy Collisions 25.3 Galaxy Formation
More informationStars & Galaxies. Chapter 27, Section 1. Composition & Temperature. Chapter 27 Modern Earth Science Characteristics of Stars
Stars & Galaxies Chapter 27 Modern Earth Science Chapter 27, Section 1 27.1 Characteristics of Stars Composition & Temperature Scientists use the following tools to study stars Telescope Observation Spectral
More informationStars & Galaxies. Chapter 27 Modern Earth Science
Stars & Galaxies Chapter 27 Modern Earth Science Chapter 27, Section 1 27.1 Characteristics of Stars How do astronomers determine the composition and surface temperature of a star? Composition & Temperature
More informationChapter 19: Our Galaxy
Chapter 19 Lecture Chapter 19: Our Galaxy Our Galaxy 19.1 The Milky Way Revealed Our goals for learning: What does our galaxy look like? How do stars orbit in our galaxy? What does our galaxy look like?
More informationThe Discovery of Other Galaxies. 24. Normal Galaxies
24. Normal Galaxies The discovery of other galaxies Edwin Hubble proved galaxies are very distant Edwin Hubble classified galaxies by shape Methods for determining distances to galaxies The Hubble Law
More informationGalaxies and the expansion of the Universe
Review of Chapters 14, 15, 16 Galaxies and the expansion of the Universe 5/4/2009 Habbal Astro 110-01 Review Lecture 36 1 Recap: Learning from Light How does light tell us what things are made of? Every
More informationChapter 17. Galaxies. Copyright The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc. Permission required for reproduction or display.
Chapter 17 Galaxies Copyright The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc. Permission required for reproduction or display. Galaxies Beyond the Milky Way are billions of other galaxies Some galaxies are spiral like
More informationDark Matter ASTR 2120 Sarazin. Bullet Cluster of Galaxies - Dark Matter Lab
Dark Matter ASTR 2120 Sarazin Bullet Cluster of Galaxies - Dark Matter Lab Mergers: Test of Dark Matter vs. Modified Gravity Gas behind DM Galaxies DM = location of gravity Gas = location of most baryons
More informationLecture 27 Galaxy Types and the Distance Ladder December 3, 2018
Lecture 27 Galaxy Types and the Distance Ladder December 3, 2018 1 2 Early Observations Some galaxies had been observed before 1900 s. Distances were not known. Some looked like faint spirals. Originally
More informationActive Galaxies and Galactic Structure Lecture 22 April 18th
Active Galaxies and Galactic Structure Lecture 22 April 18th FINAL Wednesday 5/9/2018 6-8 pm 100 questions, with ~20-30% based on material covered since test 3. Do not miss the final! Extra Credit: Thursday
More information4/12/18. Our Schedule. Measuring big distances to galaxies. Hamilton on Hawking tonight. Brightness ~ Luminosity / (Distance) 2. Tully-Fisher Relation
ASTR 1040: Stars & Galaxies Stefan s Quintet Our Schedule Next class (Tues Apr17) meets in Fiske Planetarium Mid-Term Exam 3 in class next Thur Apr 19 Review Sheet #3 still available, with review next
More informationThe Milky Way Galaxy. Some thoughts. How big is it? What does it look like? How did it end up this way? What is it made up of?
Some thoughts The Milky Way Galaxy How big is it? What does it look like? How did it end up this way? What is it made up of? Does it change 2 3 4 5 This is not a constant zoom The Milky Way Almost everything
More informationThe Cosmological Redshift. Cepheid Variables. Hubble s Diagram
SOME NEGATIVE EFFECTS OF THE EXPANSION OF THE UNIVERSE. Lecture 22 Hubble s Law and the Large Scale Structure of the Universe PRS: According to modern ideas and observations, what can be said about the
More informationThe hazy band of the Milky Way is our wheel-shaped galaxy seen from within, but its size
C H A P T E R 15 THE MILKY WAY GALAXY 15-1 THE NATURE OF THE MILKY WAY GALAXY How do astronomers know we live in a galaxy? The hazy band of the Milky Way is our wheel-shaped galaxy seen from within, but
More informationGalaxies. The majority of known galaxies fall into one of three major classes: spirals (78 %), ellipticals (18 %) and irregulars (4 %).
Galaxies Collection of stars, gas and dust bound together by their common gravitational pull. Galaxies range from 10,000 to 200,000 light-years in size. 1781 Charles Messier 1923 Edwin Hubble The distribution
More information19.3 The History of the Milky Way. Our goals for learning: What clues to our galaxy's history do halo stars hold? How did our galaxy form?
19.3 The History of the Milky Way Our goals for learning: What clues to our galaxy's history do halo stars hold? How did our galaxy form? What clues to our galaxy's history do halo stars hold? Halo Stars:
More information2 Galaxy morphology and classification
2 Galaxy morphology and classification Galaxy classification is an important first step towards a physical understanding of the nature of these objects. For a detailed description of classification systems
More information11/9/2010. Stars, Galaxies & the Universe Announcements. Sky & Telescope s Week at a Glance. iphone App available now.
Stars, Galaxies & the Universe Announcements Reading Quiz #11 Wednesday Mix of questions from today s lecture & reading for Wed. on active galaxies HW#10 in ICON due Friday (11/12) by 5 pm - available
More informationNumber of Stars: 100 billion (10 11 ) Mass : 5 x Solar masses. Size of Disk: 100,000 Light Years (30 kpc)
THE MILKY WAY GALAXY Type: Spiral galaxy composed of a highly flattened disk and a central elliptical bulge. The disk is about 100,000 light years (30kpc) in diameter. The term spiral arises from the external
More informationChapter 15 The Milky Way Galaxy. The Milky Way
Chapter 15 The Milky Way Galaxy The Milky Way Almost everything we see in the night sky belongs to the Milky Way We see most of the Milky Way as a faint band of light across the sky From the outside, our
More informationChapter 14 The Milky Way Galaxy
Chapter 14 The Milky Way Galaxy Spiral Galaxy M81 - similar to our Milky Way Galaxy Our Parent Galaxy A galaxy is a giant collection of stellar and interstellar matter held together by gravity Billions
More informationSummary: Nuclear burning in stars
Summary: Nuclear burning in stars Reaction 4 1 H 4 He 3 4 He 12 C 12 C + 4 He 16 O, Ne, Na, Mg Ne O, Mg O Mg, S Si Fe peak Min. Temp. 10 7 o K 2x10 8 8x10 8 1.5x10 9 2x10 9 3x10 9 Evolution through nuclear
More informationChapter 17. Active Galaxies and Supermassive Black Holes
Chapter 17 Active Galaxies and Supermassive Black Holes Guidepost In the last few chapters, you have explored our own and other galaxies, and you are ready to stretch your scientific imagination and study
More informationASTRO504 Extragalactic Astronomy. 2. Classification
ASTRO504 Extragalactic Astronomy 2. Classification Morphological classification Elliptical (E) galaxies Lenticular (SO) galaxies Spiral (S) galaxies Irregular (Im) galaxies The realm of nebulae Hubble
More informationActive Galactic Nuclei
Active Galactic Nuclei How were they discovered? How common are they? How do we know they are giant black holes? What are their distinctive properties? Active Galactic Nuclei for most galaxies the luminosity
More informationASTR 1120 General Astronomy: Stars & Galaxies
ASTR 1120 General Astronomy: Stars & Galaxies!NNOUNCEMENTS HOMEWORK #6 DUE TODAY, by 5pm HOMEWORK #7 DUE Nov. 10, by 5pm Dark matter halo for galaxies Dark matter extends beyond visible part of the galaxy
More informationLaboratory: Milky Way
Department of Physics and Geology Laboratory: Milky Way Astronomy 1402 Equipment Needed Quantity Equipment Needed Quantity Milky Way galaxy Model 1 Ruler 1 1.1 Our Milky Way Part 1: Background Milky Way
More informationASTR 100. Lecture 28: Galaxy classification and lookback time
ASTR 100 Lecture 28: Galaxy classification and lookback time Galaxies in general: Ch. 15, [16.2], in Essential Tuesday: Hubble s law Today: Types of galaxies The Hubble tuning fork Galaxy classification
More informationASTR 1120 General Astronomy: Stars & Galaxies
ASTR 1120 General Astronomy: Stars & Galaxies!NNOUNCEMENTS HOMEWORK #6 DUE TODAY, by 5pm HOMEWORK #7 DUE Nov. 10, by 5pm Dark matter halo for galaxies REVIEW Dark matter extends beyond visible part of
More informationThe Milky Way. Finding the Center. Milky Way Composite Photo. Finding the Center. Milky Way : A band of and a. Milky Way
The Milky Way Milky Way : A band of and a The band of light we see is really 100 billion stars Milky Way probably looks like Andromeda. Milky Way Composite Photo Milky Way Before the 1920 s, astronomers
More information4/10/18. Our wide world (universe) of Galaxies. Spirals ~80% of galaxies
ASTR 1040: Stars & Galaxies Prof. Juri Toomre TAs: Peri Johnson, Ryan Horton Lecture 23 Tues 10 Apr 2018 zeus.colorado.edu/astr1040-toomre Our wide world (universe) of Galaxies The rich range of galaxies:
More information