STAR GAZERS SG MINUTE SEPTEMBER 7-13, 2015 STAR HOPPING IN THE SEPTEMBER SKY
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1 STAR GAZERS SG MINUTE SEPTEMBER 7-13, STAR HOPPING IN THE SEPTEMBER SKY DEAN: HEY THERE STAR GAZERS. I M DEAN REGAS, ASTRONOMER FOR THE CINCINNATI OBSERVATO- RY. JAMES: AND I M JAMES AL- BURY, DIRECTOR OF THE KIKA SILVA PLA PLANETAR- IUM IN GAINESVILLE, FLOR- IDA. WE RE HERE TO HELP YOU FIND YOUR WAY AROUND THE SKY. THIS WEEK WE RE GOING TO SHARE A METHOD FOR IDENTIFYING STARS IN THE NORTHERN AND EASTERN SKY AFTER DARK. DEAN: IT S CALLED STAR HOPPING AND IT S AN EASY WAY TO GO FROM A
2 CONSTELLATION YOU KNOW TO OTHER CON- STELLATIONS YOU DON T KNOW. 2 JAMES: LET S GET HOP- PING! (STOP DROP) JAMES: OKAY WE HAVE OUR SKY SET UP FOR AF- TER SUNSET ANY NIGHT THIS WEEK FACING NORTH. LET S START OFF FINDING A LANDMARK IN THE SKY. DO YOU SEE THE BIG DIPPER? DEAN: YEP, THERE IT IS - HANGING IN THE NORTH- WEST, LOOKING LIKE IT S GOING TO SCOOP US UP! THE BIG DIPPER IS ONE OF THE EASIEST THINGS TO FIND IN THE NIGHT SKY SINCE IT S SO DISTINC- TIVE.
3 JAMES: AND IT S VISIBLE IN THE SKY ALMOST ALL YEAR. 3 DEAN: NOW LET S START STAR HOPPING! WE RE GOING TO BEGIN BY US- ING THE TWO STARS ON THE END OF THE SPOON OF THE BIG DIPPER NAMED MERAK AND DUB- HE. CONNECT THE DOTS ON THESE TWO STARS AND CONTINUE THAT LINE UP AND TO THE RIGHT AND YOU LL RUN SMACK DAB INTO A STAR OF SIMI- LAR BRIGHTNESS. THIS IS THE MOST FAMOUS AND IMPORTANT STAR IN THE SKY POLARIS, A.K.A. THE NORTH STAR. JAMES: THE NORTH STAR MARKS THE END OF THE MUCH FAINTER LITTLE DIPPER OR LITTLE BEAR CONSTELLATION, URSA MINOR. THE ENTIRE LIT- TLE DIPPER IS ALMOST
4 IMPOSSIBLE TO MAKE OUT IN A LIGHT POLLUTED SKY BUT AT LEAST YOU KNOW HOW TO HOP TO IT. 4 (STOP) DEAN: NOW WE RE GOING TO MAKE ANOTHER HOP. GO FROM DUBHE TO PO- LARIS AND THEN CONTIN- UE THAT LINE TO THE NEXT EQUALLY-BRIGHT STAR CALLED CAPH. CAPH IS THE STAR, AT THE TOP OF A W -SHAPED GROUP OF STARS, MARK- ING THE QUEEN NAMED CASSIOPEIA. JAMES: I KNOW IT S REAL- LY TOUGH TO PICTURE THESE STARS AS A QUEEN SO JUST LOOK FOR THE W SHAPE. I PICTURE THE STARS AS QUEEN CASSI- OPEIA S CROWN. DEAN: OH, I COULD SEE THAT! AND DID YOU NO-
5 TICE THAT THE HOP WE MADE FROM DUBHE TO POLARIS IS THE SAME LENGTH AS THE HOP FROM POLARIS TO CAPH? 5 JAMES: AHA! THAT MAKES IT EASY FOR YOU TO TELL THAT YOU RE ON THE CORRECT STAR. (STOP) DEAN: NOW WE VE TURNED TO FACE NORTH- EAST. POLARIS IS OVER THERE CAPH AND CAS- SIOPEIA ARE THERE. AND IF YOU CONTINUE THE LINE BETWEEN POLARIS AND CAPH AND KEEP GO- ING IT LL RUN YOU INTO ANOTHER EQUALLY BRIGHT STAR. JAMES: THIS ONE IS CALLED ALPHERATZ AND IT S A CORNER TO A GREAT SQUARE OF FOUR STARS THAT MARK THE
6 BODY OF PEGASUS THE FLYING HORSE. 6 DEAN: YEP, HE S FLYING UPSIDE-DOWN. JAMES: ONCE AGAIN NO- TICE THAT THE DISTANCE OF EACH HOP IS THE SAME. FROM POLARIS TO CAPH AND CAPH TO AL- PHERATZ. DEAN: SO NOW YOU CAN START WITH SOMETHING YOU KNOW THE BIG DIP- PER AND HOP TO FIND THE LITTLE DIPPER, CAS- SIOPEIA, AND PEGASUS. LET S FLY IN FOR A CLOS- ER LOOK AT THAT FLYING HORSE. (STOP IN SPACE) JAMES: THE GREAT SQUARE OF PEGASUS IS GREAT. IT TAKES UP A LOT OF SPACE IN THE SKY.
7 HOWEVER THERE AREN T MANY BRIGHT STARS IN- SIDE THE SQUARE. THAT S ANOTHER WAY I OFTEN FIND PEGASUS IN THE SKY. I LOOK FOR A GREAT EMPTY SQUARE. 7 DEAN: THERE S REALLY LOTS OF STARS THERE. THEY RE JUST BEYOND NAKED EYE VISION. LET S CHECK OUT PEGASUS NOSE STAR. IT S CALLED ENIF AND IT SHINES OR- ANGE-RED. JAMES: IT S ALMOST THE EXACT COLOR OF BETEL- GEUSE, THE ARMPIT STAR OF ORION. A STAR S COL- OR ALSO TELLS US IT S TEMPERATURE AND BLUE MEANS SUPER-HOT, AND RED MEANS KINDA COOL DEAN: IF BY COOL, YOU MEAN 5000 DEGREES FAHRENHEIT.
8 JAMES: YEP. COMPARE THAT TO ALGENIB OVER THERE. THAT STAR AT THE BOTTOM OF THE SQUARE IS 37,000 DE- GREES FAHRENHEIT. IT S BLUE AFTER ALL! 8 DEAN: BUT BACK TO ENIF. SCAN JUST ABOVE PEGA- SUS NOSE WITH A TELE- SCOPE AND YOU LL FIND A GLOBULAR CLUSTER OF STARS CALLED M15. WOW, CHECK THAT OUT! YOU RE SEEING OVER 100,000 STARS SHINING AT YOU FROM OVER 33,000 LIGHT YEARS AWAY. M15 IS A HIDDEN GEM IN THE SEPTEMBER SKY. (STOP) (CLOSE-UP ENDING) DEAN: SO TRY SOME STAR HOPPING TONIGHT. HOP FROM THE BIG DIPPER
9 JAMES: TO THE LITTLE DIPPER 9 DEAN: TO CASSIOPEIA JAMES: TO PEGASUS. DEAN: THEN, WITH A TEL- ESCOPE, HOP FROM PEG- ASUS NOSE TO FIND M15, AN AMAZING GLOBULAR CLUSTER. IT S ALL THERE WHEN YOU BOTH: KEEP LOOKING UP!
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