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1 1 of 5 5/2/2015 5:50 PM 1. A comet that has a semi-major axis of 100 AU must have a period of about 10 years. 20 years. 100 years years. 2. Astronomers believe chondrite meteorites are about 4.6 billion years old formed when the solar system formed because Their chemical composition SUGGESTS they are pieces broken off of Mars, which is believed to have formed at that time. There is no other reasonable time period in the solar system's HISTORY when any meteoroids could have formed. The chemicals they are made of were only common at the formation of the solar system. Radioactive dating can be used to determine their age. 3. Asteroids need to have enough material to have an average diameter of about for gravity to pull them into a spherical shape. 100 km 1000 km 5000 km km 4. How would you explain the average density of an asteroid being about 2 g/cm 3, if the density of rock is usually around 3 g/cm 3? The asteroid contains an unusually large quantity of helium. The asteroid contains significant quantities of icy compounds. The asteroid is made of fragments only loosely held together by gravity. The asteroid is of the stony type, not the iron type.

2 2 of 5 5/2/2015 5:50 PM 5. In the PROCESS of fluorescence, is absorbed by an atom and the energy is emitted as. An ultraviolet photon; at least one visible light and one or more lower energy photons A visible light and one or more lower energy photons; an ultraviolet photon An ultraviolet and one or more lower energy photons; a visible light photon A visible light photon; at least one ultraviolet and one or more lower energy photons 6. Which of the following asteroids is now officially a dwarf planet? Ceres Itokawa Ida Eros Methilde 7. Fragments that do not completely burn in the atmosphere and eventually fall on the Earth are called Meteoroids Meteorites Meteors Asteroids 8. Comets belong to the Asteroid belt. Kuiper belt. Oort CLOUD. Both A and B. Both B and C. 9. Planet creates the gaps in the asteroid belt called Kirkwood gaps. Jupiter Mars Earth Saturn

3 3 of 5 5/2/2015 5:50 PM 10. The short-period comets originate in and the long-period comets originate in. Kuiper belt; Oort cloud Oort cloud; Kuiper belt Kuiper belt; asteroid belt Asteroid belt; Kuiper belt 11. Meteor showers are generally named After the Greek Gods and Goddesses. After the constellation from which they appear to diverge. After the comet to which they belong. After the planet from which they seem to come to the Earth. 12. What is the evidence for the existence of the Oort cloud? Objects of the Oort cloud were detected by the Hubble Space Telescope. The fact that new comets continue to appear indicates that a distant reservoir of icy bodies must exist. The fact that many comets orbit on the ecliptic. The fact that some comets have retrograde orbits. 13. Halley's comet orbits the Sun approximately every 76 years. The planet Uranus orbits the Sun every 84 years at an average distance of 19 AU. Which of the statements regarding the orbit of Halley's comet is correct? According to Kepler's third law, the semi-major axis of Halley's comet is 18 AU. Halley's comet remains within Uranus' orbit at all times. The orbit of Halley's comet is very elliptical, therefore it can travel much farther from the Sun than Uranus, but on the average is closer to the Sun than Uranus. Both A and C. None of the above. 14. Chondritic meteorites provide important clues because they are believed to Contain grains from the first material that condensed out of the solar nebula. Contain many rare metals.

4 4 of 5 5/2/2015 5:50 PM be the only source of the necessary amino acids required for life. be the source of all coal found on the Earth. 15. The Trojan asteroids orbit the Sun at an average distance of. 60 ahead 60 behind 5.2 AU 100,000,000 miles 16. The typical size of a comet's nucleus is. 10 m 10 km 100 km 1000 km 1 AU 17. Which of the following are dwarf planets? Uranus and Neptune Neptune and Pluto Pluto and Eris Eris and Uranus Mercury and Eris 18. Which Trans-Neptunian Object is largest in diameter? Pluto Sedna Makemake Eris Orcus 19.

5 5 of 5 5/2/2015 5:50 PM The discovery of Charon was significant because it allowed astronomers to determine The distance of Pluto. The age of Pluto. The mass of Pluto. The radius of Pluto. Both C and D. 20. Which of the following is a characteristic that Pluto shares with the Jovian planets? It is mostly composed of hydrogen and helium. It has a thick atmosphere. It has a ring system. All of the above. None of the above.

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