How would you explain the concept of a day, month, and a year to a small child?

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1 Space.notebook Studying Space Chapter 18 Astronomy study of objects outside the atmosphere of planet Earth, and of the processes by which these objects interact with one another objects are so large and are located so far away that they look small scientists study objects by the radiation they give How would you explain the concept of a day, month, and a year to a small child? Measure Day = time take the Earth to rotate on its axis 23 hours 56 min. Month = time required for the moon to revolve around the earth, how long it takes the moon to go through its phases (29 1/2 days give or take 13 hours) Year = time for the Earth to revolve around the sun days Galactic year = time for the sun to revolve within the Milky Way Galaxy (1 galactic year = 250,000,000 Earth years) Revise your explanation of a day, month, and year to a small child. Your group must include an illustration with a caption describing each illustration. szokiq how calander was made History in space Early beliefs Universe consisted of sun, moon, mars, earth, and venus. Stars were the edges of the universe. Claudius Ptolemy Believed the earth was the center of the universe and everything revolved around the earth. Geocentric = earth centered He was wrong but predicted the movements of the planets. Nicolaus Copernicus Believed the sun was the center of the universe and the planets revolved around the sun. Heliocentric = sun centered. Tycho Brahe Believed in geocentric but that the sun and moon revolved around the earth but the other planets revolved around the sun. Johannes Kepler Proved that the sun is not the exact center of the universe and all the planets revolve around the sun. Galileo Galilei 1609 was one of the first people to use telescope Discovered craters and mountains on the moon 4 of Jupiter s moons sunspots phases of Venus Isaac Newton Proved all objects are attracted to each other by gravitational forces. Helped explain discoveries from scientists before him. Assignment In an assigned group, organize the notecard with the facts to the correct astronomer that each fact represents. Mar 12 10:42 AM 1

2 Space.notebook Notecard activity answers Claudius Ptolemy Greek astronomer Wrote book about all the knowledge of astronomy that he could find Believe Earth was at the center of the universe Expanded on ancient theories with careful mathematical calculations Geocentric Nicolaus Copernicus Polish astronomer Heliocentric Believed that the Sun was the center of the universe When theories were accepted he started a scientific revolution Tycho Brahe Danish astronomer Earth centered universe Believed that the Sun and Moon revolved around the Earth but the other planets revolved around the sun Johannes Kepler Brahe's assistant Discovered all the planets revolve around the Sun Stated three laws of planetary motion Planets revolve in elliptical orbits Sun is not the exact center of the orbits Galileo Galilei One of the first people to use a telescope to observe objects Discovered crators and mountains on the moon 4 moons of Jupiter Sunspots on the sun Phases of Venus Proved that the planets were not wondering stars but physical bodies like the Earth Isaac Newton Believed all objects were attracted to each other through gravitational force Helped explain all observations of scientists who came before him Mar 13 2:02 PM 2

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5 Capricornus Sagittarius Scorpius Leo Cygnus Gemini Mar 18 11:04 AM 5

6 Constellation group of stars named after animals, characters in mythology or objects 88 constellations 31 constellations that we see in the northern hemisphere not all visible at the same time need to use your imagination to see outline of constellation Circumpolar constellation *visible all year long Ursa Major Big Bear, Big Dipper Ursa Minor Little Bear, Little Dipper Draco Dragon Cassiopeia Lady in the Chair Cepheus King Cepheus Cassiopeia Draco Ursa Major Ursa Minor Mar 12 11:18 AM 6

7 Measuring in the Sky Zenith directly above you Altitude the angle between an object in the sky and the horizon Horizon the line where the sky and the Earth appear to meet When we are find these objects in the sky we need to look at the path they take. Celestial Equator imaginary line around the Earth, extending the equator into space Ecliptic path the sun travels across the sky Declination measured in degrees North or South of the Equator Right Ascension hours eastward from the vernal equinox Light year distance light travels in one Earth year 9.46 trillion kilometers May 2 11:49 AM 7

8 Total Name Constellation Project Use the questions or statements provided below as guidelines for your research on a constellation of your choice to Powerpoint and use this Powerpoint in a presentation. Part 1 Each question worth 10 points What is the myth or story behind the constellation? How many stars are in the constellation? What is the Latin name for the constellation? What is the translation for the Latin name? Include a diagram of the constellation. Include a real life diagram of the constellation involving the stars. When and where can your constellation be seen? 5 interesting items about your constellation? Total Part 802 pts. Each category worth 10 points Meticulous Colorful Accurate Organized Total Part 403 pts. Each category worth 10 points Presentation Eye Contact Organized Introduction Body of Presentation Conclusion Total 50 pts. Mar 25 11:27 AM 8

9 Antlia Apus Aquarius Aquila Ara Aries Auriga Boötes Caelum Camelopardalis Cancer Canes Venatici Canis Major Canis Minor Capricornus Carina Cassiopeia Centaurus Cepheus Cetus Chamaeleon Circinus Columba Coma Berenices Corona Austrina Corona Borealis Corvus Crater Crux Cygnus Delphinus Dorado Draco Equuleus Eridanus Fornax Gemini Grus Hercules Horologium Hydra Hydrus Indus Lacerta Leo Leo Minor Lepus Libra Lupus Lynx Lyra Mensa Microscopium Monoceros Tucana Musca Ursa Major Norma Ursa Minor Octans Vela Ophiuchus Virgo Orion Volans Pavo Vulpecula Pegasus Perseus Phoenix Pictor Pisces Piscis Austrinus Puppis Pyxis Reticulum Sagitta Sagittarius Scorpius Sculptor Scutum Serpens Sextans Taurus Telescopium Triangulum Triangulum Australe Apr 8 11:47 AM 9

10 Stars *Polaris Little Dipper, north star, all other stars seem to revolve around Polaris *Sirius brightest star in the winter sky Canis Major shoulder *Betelgeuse Orion s shoulder Hunter *Proxima Centuri Sun Mar 18 11:04 AM 10