Stellar Astronomy Sample Questions for Exam 3
|
|
- Joshua Gilmore
- 6 years ago
- Views:
Transcription
1 Stellar Astronomy Sample Questions for Exam 3 Chapter 7 1. A protostar is formed by a) the rapid expansion of gas from an exploding star. b) the gravitational collapse of a rotating interstellar cloud. c) the ignition of thermonuclear fusion in an expanding nebula. d) the remnants of a red giant star. 2. The angular momentum of an object does not depends on a) the mass of the object. b) how fast the object is rotating. c) how the mass of the object is distributed. d) the temperature of the object. 3. In the nebular model for the formation of the solar system a) the rocky planets form close to the sun. b) the solar system forms from a giant cloud made almost entirely of dust. c) the sun was formed much later than the planets and is thus younger. d) the inner planets formed much earlier than the outer planets. e) All of the above are part of the nebular theory. 4. Which of the following statements is false? a) As the solar nebula began to collapse under its own gravity it began to spin-up due to the conservation of angular momentum. b) As the solar nebula began to collapse under its own gravity it began to flatten out into a disk shape with a central bulge. c) Protoplanetary disks (proplyds) are infant solar systems in the process of forming. d) The protosun produced energy by fusing hydrogen in its core. 5. Accretion is a) the sticking of small particles to form larger particles. b) the growth of particles by condensation of gas. c) the flattening out of a rotating disc of material as it shrinks. d) the spinning up of a rotating disk as it shrinks in size. 6. Planetesimals form by a) accretion first then condensation. b) condensation first then accretion. c) only by condensation. d) only by accretion.
2 7. In the nebular model of planetary formation a) the highest density planets form closest to the sun and the lower density planets form farther out. b) the planets condense from a gas and dust nebula long before the sun is formed. c) the lowest density planets form closest to the sun and the higher density planets form farther out. d) the sun forms billions of years before the planets begin to form. 8. The two types of leftovers planetesimals in the solar system are a) terrestrial and Jovian. b) comets and asteroids. c) meteorites and meteoroids. d) moons and stars. 9. During the earliest times of the solar system a) there were 4 terrestrial planets and four gas giants. b) there were as many as 100 moon to Mars sized protoplanets in the inner part of the solar system. c) there were as many as 100 Uranus to Saturn sized protoplanets in the outer solar system. d) the solar system was dominated by two objects much larger in size than Jupiter which collided, shattered and formed all the other planets. e) None of the above, we have no idea what it was like in the earliest times of the solar system. 10. In the search for extra-solar planets the technique that has found the most planets uses a) the Doppler shift of the star to detect the wobble in the stars motion caused by the presents of a planet. b) direct observations of the side-to-side motion of the star caused by the presence of a planet. c) direct observations of the planets. d) changes in the emission spectrum of the star due to the additional emission lines from the planet. 11. Of the extra-solar planets found around sun-like stars so far a) almost all are Earth-like planets. b) almost all are large planets like Jupiter. c) there is an even mix of Earth-like and Jupiter-like planets. d) all have been found in highly eccentric orbits that range from almost skimming the surface of the star to over 100AU.
3 Short Answer Questions 1. Briefly describe the nebular model for the formation of the solar system. Include details about the formation of both the central star and the planets around it. 2. Describe some of the evidence we have for how we think solar systems like ours form. Where do they form? What types of objects have been observed? How do the observations compare to the nebular model of solar system formation? 3. Describe the hunt for extra-solar planets. What kinds of techniques are used, what kinds of planets have been found, how many planets have been found, what kind of orbits do the planets have? 4. Most of the exoplanets that have been found are hot Jupiter s : large gas giants orbiting very close to their star. Explain why these types of planets are easiest to find with the techniques astronomers use to find exoplanets and why Earth sized planets are so hard to find. How has the nebular theory for the formation of our solar system had to be modified to explain these hot Jupiter s? Chapter Stellar parallax a) can be accurately measured for stars less that 300 light-years away. b) does not exist because the earth does not move in the heavens. c) increases with the distance to the star. d) is too small to measure even with the largest telescopes and the closest stars. 2. The parsec is defined as a) the distance at which a star shows a parallax of one arcsecond. b) the average distance between the earth and the sun. c) the distance to the nearest star. d) the distance light travels in one year. 3. Stellar parallax is a) the real motion of stars through the universe. b) the distance unit used to measure the distance to planets. c) the change in the position of a star due to change in seasons. d) the apparent change in the direction of something due to a change in vantage point of the observer. 4. To determine the luminosity of a star we need a) only the brightness of the star. b) only the distance to the star. c) both the brightness and the distance to the star. d) None of the above.
4 5. The color ratio of a star is a) the ratio of the magnitude of the star observed through two different color filters. b) the ratio of the color of a star to its surface temperature. c) the ratio of the color of a star to its diameter. d) the ratio of the color of a star to the amount of interstellar reddening. 6. The stellar spectra classification scheme classifies according to a) the mass of the star. b) the surface temperature of the star. c) the diameter of the star. d) the distance to the star. 7. The absorption spectral lines of hydrogen are weaker for stars at the lowest surface temperatures because a) cooler stars have less hydrogen. b) the hydrogen has sunk to a hotter level. c) at low temperatures the hydrogen emits light instead of absorbing light so there is no absorption spectrum. d) at low temperatures all the hydrogen is in the ground state so no electrons are in the excited states that are responsible for absorption. e) None of the above, the coolest stars have the strongest hydrogen absorption spectra. 8. By spectral class, the hottest to coolest stars are a) M, K, G, F, A, B & O b) A, B, C, D, E, F & G c) A, B, F, G, K, M & O d) O, B, A, F, G, K & M 9. The Hertzsprung-Russell diagram is a) a plot of mass versus luminosity of stars. b) a plot of luminosity versus temperature of stars. c) a plot of luminosity versus distance of stars. d) a plot of mass versus temperature of stars. 10. On an H-R diagram, most stars lie in the region called the a) main sequence. b) subgiant sequence. c) giant sequence. d) supergiant sequence.
5 11. On an H-R diagram, the stars in the top right corner are a) supergiants. b) white dwarfs. c) main sequence. d) red dwarfs. 12. A binary star system is a) a single star with a large planet orbiting it. b) two stars of equal mass passing each other in space. c) two stars in orbit around a common center of mass. d) a star that switches on and off in binary code. 13. Observing binary star systems is important because a) they allow us to accurately determine the distance to stars. b) they allow us to accurately measure the luminosity of stars. c) they allow us to accurately measure the color index of stars. d) they allow us to accurately determine the mass of stars. e) None of the above, there is no special reason to observe binary star systems. 14. An eclipsing binary is one in which a) both stars are easily visible to the naked eye. b) the individual stars can only be identified by their spectra. c) both stars can be resolved in a telescope. d) the stars pass directly in front of each other, eclipsing each other. 15. By studying eclipsing binaries we can determine a) the individual spectra of both stars. b) the diameters of both of the stars. c) the masses of both of the stars. d) All of the above. Short Answer Questions 1. Explain why the distance to some stars can be determined by parallax but most stellar distances cannot. 2. Describe the different properties of main sequence stars that are determined by the mass of the star. Why is mass so important to the characteristics of a star? 3. Why is it so important to study binary systems? What information can be gained from them that can t be otherwise? What properties of binary systems allow us to determine this information and what laws of physics allow us to find it?
6 Chapter The visible light we receive from the Sun a) comes directly from the energy source at the Sun s core. b) is radiated from the solar photosphere. c) is generated by solar flares. d) is called the solar wind. e) None of the above, we don t receive any light from the Sun. 2. The primary energy source in the Sun is a) the fusion of hydrogen into helium in the core. b) the burning of carbon (as coal) in the core. c) the residual energy left over from gravitational collapse. d) the fission of uranium into two smaller atoms in the core. 3. The proton-proton cycle is a) the fusion of four hydrogen nuclei into a single helium nucleus plus two positrons and energy through several steps. b) the fusion of three helium nuclei into a single carbon nucleus through several steps. c) the fusion of two protons into a helium nucleus. d) the emission of electromagnetic radiation due to a transition from one energy level to another by a pair of protons. 4. Energy flows from the core of the Sun to the photosphere by a) convection for 7 /10 the distance then by radiation for the rest. b) radiation for 7 /10 the distance then by convection for the rest. c) convection all the way. d) radiation all the way. 5. The interior structure of the Sun can be determined by. a) placing seismograph detectors on the surface of the sun and observing sound waves that are transmitted through the Sun. b) direct observations using gamma ray radiation. c) modeling the interior structure using computer programs then matching the predictions to the observed properties at the surface. d) diving down into the interior of the Sun in heavily shielded spacecraft. 6. Early experiments to look for solar neutrinos found a) about five times more neutrinos than were expected. b) exactly as many neutrinos as were expected. c) only about one third as many neutrinos as were expected. d) less than one percent of the neutrinos that were expected. e) None of the above, neutrinos cannot be detected.
7 7. Modern experiments that look for solar neutrinos have found a) about five times more neutrinos than are expected. b) exactly as many neutrinos as are expected. c) only about one third as many neutrinos as are expected. d) less than one percent of the neutrinos that are expected. e) None of the above, neutrinos cannot be detected. 8. Which of the following statements is false? a) The photosphere is composed of granules, each about 1000km across, which are convection areas of rising and falling gas. b) The chromosphere is composed of spicules that look like blades of burning grass and are 700km across and up to 7,000km high. c) The average temperature of the chromosphere is about 10,000 C. d) The temperature in the chromosphere decreases with increasing altitude. 9. The chromosphere of the Sun is a) hotter than the photosphere by several thousand degrees. b) only visible for a brief instant before and after totality during a solar eclipse. c) composed of spicules that look like blades of burning grass. d) studied by a Flash Spectrum taken during solar eclipses. e) All of the above 10. The corona of the Sun is a) cooler than the surface of the Sun. b) visible during a total solar eclipse and in x-rays. c) the layer just below the photosphere of the Sun. d) a uniform sphere surrounding the Sun. 11. Sunspots occur on the sun a) in 11 year cycles. b) in the polar latitudes of the Sun. c) singly with no magnetic polarity. d) in areas of extremely weak magnetic fields. 12. Sunspots are a) hotter regions on the surface of the Sun. b) cooler regions (by as much as 1500 C on the surface of the Sun. c) completely black regions where no light at all is produced. d) regions of extremely weak magnetic fields.
8 13. A butterfly diagram is a) a diagram showing the change in number and latitude of sunspots with time. b) a diagram showing the change in the pattern colors on butterfly wings with the sunspot cycle. c) a diagram showing the change in color of sunspots during their 11 year cycle. d) a diagram showing the change in average life span of sunspots during their 11 year cycle. 14. Historically, the sunspot cycle has a) been absolutely constant over all of recorded history. b) changed dramatically almost every few decades. c) changed gradually over the centuries with periods of low activity corresponding to little ice ages here on Earth. d) changed slowly over millennia with no observable influence on Earth s climate. 15. A solar flare is a) a long lived dark spot that appears on the surface of the Sun. b) a large looped eruption of material from the area around sunspots that follows the magnetic field lines and is about 10,000 C. c) a bright area on the surface of the Sun surrounding sunspots. d) a violent eruption of material from the area around sunspots that can reach temperatures of 5,000,000 C or higher. Short Answer Questions 1. Describe the layers of the Sun beginning at the visible surface and moving outward. What are the different layers called, how thick are they and what are their temperatures. 2. Use words and a diagram to describe the interior structure of the Sun and explain how energy flows from the core to the surface. 3. Describe the proton-proton cycle. What are the particles that start the cycle, what are the particles that are produced and how is the energy released? 4. Describe the photosphere of the Sun. What does it look like, how thick is it, what is the temperature and how does it change with altitude and what does its spectrum look like. 5. Describe sunspots; what are they, what kind of cycles they occur in, what magnetic fields are associated with them and what their temperature is. 6. Describe at least two types of solar activity other than sunspots. 7. Describe how the interior structure of the Sun is determined. What observations are made, what information is contained in the observations and how is the information used to determine the structure?
Astro 1010 Planetary Astronomy Sample Questions for Exam 3
Astro 1010 Planetary Astronomy Sample Questions for Exam 3 Chapter 6 1. Which of the following statements is false? a) Refraction is the bending of light when it passes from one medium to another. b) Mirrors
More informationCHAPTER 29: STARS BELL RINGER:
CHAPTER 29: STARS BELL RINGER: Where does the energy of the Sun come from? Compare the size of the Sun to the size of Earth. 1 CHAPTER 29.1: THE SUN What are the properties of the Sun? What are the layers
More informationAnswer Key for Exam C
Answer Key for Exam C 2 points each Choose the answer that best completes the question. Read each problem carefully and read through all the answers. Take your time. If a question is unclear, ask for clarification
More informationAnswer Key for Exam B
Answer Key for Exam B 2 points each Choose the answer that best completes the question. Read each problem carefully and read through all the answers. Take your time. If a question is unclear, ask for clarification
More informationAnswer Key for Exam D
Answer Key for Exam D 2 points each Choose the answer that best completes the question. Read each problem carefully and read through all the answers. Take your time. If a question is unclear, ask for clarification
More informationPhys 100 Astronomy (Dr. Ilias Fernini) Review Questions for Chapter 9
Phys 0 Astronomy (Dr. Ilias Fernini) Review Questions for Chapter 9 MULTIPLE CHOICE 1. We know that giant stars are larger in diameter than the sun because * a. they are more luminous but have about the
More informationSection 25.1 Exploring the Solar System (pages )
Name Class Date Chapter 25 The Solar System Section 25.1 Exploring the Solar System (pages 790 794) This section explores early models of our solar system. It describes the components of the solar system
More informationMar 22, INSTRUCTIONS: First ll in your name and social security number (both by printing
ASTRONOMY 0089: EXAM 2 Class Meets M,W,F, 1:00 PM Mar 22, 1996 INSTRUCTIONS: First ll in your name and social security number (both by printing and by darkening the correct circles). Sign your answer sheet
More informationCoriolis Effect - the apparent curved paths of projectiles, winds, and ocean currents
Regents Earth Science Unit 5: Astronomy Models of the Universe Earliest models of the universe were based on the idea that the Sun, Moon, and planets all orbit the Earth models needed to explain how the
More information1 A Solar System Is Born
CHAPTER 16 1 A Solar System Is Born SECTION Our Solar System California Science Standards 8.2.g, 8.4.b, 8.4.c, 8.4.d BEFORE YOU READ After you read this section, you should be able to answer these questions:
More informationGalaxies and Stars. 3. Base your answer to the following question on The reaction below represents an energy-producing process.
Galaxies and Stars 1. To an observer on Earth, the Sun appears brighter than the star Rigel because the Sun is A) hotter than Rigel B) more luminous than Rigel C) closer than Rigel D) larger than Rigel
More informationSolar System Formation/The Sun
Solar System Formation/The Sun Objective 4 Examine the orbital paths of planets and other astronomical bodies (comets and asteroids). Examine the theories of geocentric and heliocentric models and Kepler
More informationAstronomy 1504 Section 002 Astronomy 1514 Section 10 Midterm 2, Version 1 October 19, 2012
Astronomy 1504 Section 002 Astronomy 1514 Section 10 Midterm 2, Version 1 October 19, 2012 Choose the answer that best completes the question. Read each problem carefully and read through all the answers.
More informationProperties of Stars. Characteristics of Stars
Properties of Stars Characteristics of Stars A constellation is an apparent group of stars originally named for mythical characters. The sky contains 88 constellations. Star Color and Temperature Color
More informationASTRONOMY CURRICULUM Unit 1: Introduction to Astronomy
Chariho Regional School District - Science Curriculum September, 2016 ASTRONOMY CURRICULUM Unit 1: Introduction to Astronomy OVERVIEW Summary Students will be introduced to the overarching concept of astronomy.
More information18. Which graph best represents the relationship between the number of sunspots and the amount of magnetic activity in the Sun?
1. Which star has a surface temperature most similar to the surface temperature of Alpha Centauri? A) Polaris B) Betelgeuse C) Procyon B D) Sirius 2. Giant stars have greater luminosity than our sun mainly
More informationThe Big Bang Theory (page 854)
Name Class Date Space Homework Packet Homework #1 Hubble s Law (pages 852 853) 1. How can astronomers use the Doppler effect? 2. The shift in the light of a galaxy toward the red wavelengths is called
More informationAST Section 2: Test 2
AST1002 - Section 2: Test 2 Date: 11/05/2009 Name: Equations: E = m c 2 Question 1: The Sun is a stable star because 1. gravity balances forces from pressure. (!) Miniquiz 7, Q3 2. the rate of fusion equals
More informationTypes of Stars 1/31/14 O B A F G K M. 8-6 Luminosity. 8-7 Stellar Temperatures
Astronomy 113 Dr. Joseph E. Pesce, Ph.D. The Nature of Stars For nearby stars - measure distances with parallax 1 AU d p 8-2 Parallax A January ³ d = 1/p (arcsec) [pc] ³ 1pc when p=1arcsec; 1pc=206,265AU=3
More informationNSCI 314 LIFE IN THE COSMOS
NSCI 314 LIFE IN THE COSMOS 2 BASIC ASTRONOMY, AND STARS AND THEIR EVOLUTION Dr. Karen Kolehmainen Department of Physics CSUSB COURSE WEBPAGE: http://physics.csusb.edu/~karen MOTIONS IN THE SOLAR SYSTEM
More informationStars and Galaxies. The Sun and Other Stars
CHAPTER 22 Stars and Galaxies LESSON 2 The Sun and Other Stars What do you think? Read the two statements below and decide whether you agree or disagree with them. Place an A in the Before column if you
More informationA star is a massive sphere of gases with a core like a thermonuclear reactor. They are the most common celestial bodies in the universe are stars.
A star is a massive sphere of gases with a core like a thermonuclear reactor. They are the most common celestial bodies in the universe are stars. They radiate energy (electromagnetic radiation) from a
More informationSummer 2013 Astronomy - Test 3 Test form A. Name
Summer 2013 Astronomy - Test 3 Test form A Name Do not forget to write your name and fill in the bubbles with your student number, and fill in test form A on the answer sheet. Write your name above as
More informationAstronomy Exam 3 - Sun and Stars
Astronomy Exam 3 - Sun and Stars Study online at quizlet.com/_4zgp6 1. `what are the smallest group of stars in the H-R diagram 2. A star has a parallax of 0.05". what is the distance from the earth? white
More informationASTRONOMY 1 EXAM 3 a Name
ASTRONOMY 1 EXAM 3 a Name Identify Terms - Matching (20 @ 1 point each = 20 pts.) Multiple Choice (25 @ 2 points each = 50 pts.) Essays (choose 3 of 4 @ 10 points each = 30 pt 1.Luminosity D 8.White dwarf
More informationFCAT Review Space Science
FCAT Review Space Science The Law of Universal Gravitation The law of universal gravitation states that ALL matter in the universe attracts each other. Gravity is greatly impacted by both mass and distance
More informationMULTIPLE CHOICE. Choose the one alternative that best completes the statement or answers the question.
Homework Ch 7, 8, 9 Name MULTIPLE CHOICE. Choose the one alternative that best completes the statement or answers the question. 1) Our most detailed knowledge of Uranus and Neptune comes from 1) A) the
More informationName Date Period. 10. convection zone 11. radiation zone 12. core
240 points CHAPTER 29 STARS SECTION 29.1 The Sun (40 points this page) In your textbook, read about the properties of the Sun and the Sun s atmosphere. Use each of the terms below just once to complete
More informationL = 4 d 2 B p. 4. Which of the letters at right corresponds roughly to where one would find a red giant star on the Hertzsprung-Russell diagram?
Fall 2016 Astronomy - Test 3 Test form B Name Do not forget to write your name and fill in the bubbles with your student number, and fill in test form B on the answer sheet. Write your name above as well.
More informationL = 4 d 2 B p. 1. Which outer layer of the Sun has the highest temperature? A) Photosphere B) Corona C) Chromosphere D) Exosphere E) Thermosphere
Fall 2016 Astronomy - Test 3 Test form A Name Do not forget to write your name and fill in the bubbles with your student number, and fill in test form A on the answer sheet. Write your name above as well.
More informationMidterm Study Guide Astronomy 122
Midterm Study Guide Astronomy 122 Introduction: 1. How is modern Astronomy different from Astrology? 2. What is the speed of light? Is it constant or changing? 3. What is an AU? Light-year? Parsec? Which
More informationAST 101 INTRODUCTION TO ASTRONOMY SPRING MIDTERM EXAM 2 TEST VERSION 1 ANSWERS
AST 101 INTRODUCTION TO ASTRONOMY SPRING 2008 - MIDTERM EXAM 2 TEST VERSION 1 ANSWERS Multiple Choice. In the blanks provided before each question write the letter for the phrase that best answers the
More informationExplain how the sun converts matter into energy in its core. Describe the three layers of the sun s atmosphere.
Chapter 29 and 30 Explain how the sun converts matter into energy in its core. Describe the three layers of the sun s atmosphere. Explain how sunspots are related to powerful magnetic fields on the sun.
More informationAstronomy 104: Second Exam
Astronomy 104: Second Exam Stephen Lepp October 29, 2014 Each question is worth 2 points. Write your name on this exam and on the scantron. Short Answer A The Sun is powered by converting hydrogen to what?
More informationAstronomy 103: First Exam
Name: Astronomy 103: First Exam Stephen Lepp October 27, 2010 Each question is worth 2 points. Write your name on this exam and on the scantron. 1 Short Answer A. What is the largest of the terrestrial
More informationLecture 14: The Sun and energy transport in stars. Astronomy 111
Lecture 14: The Sun and energy transport in stars Astronomy 111 Energy transport in stars What is a star? What is a star composed of? Why does a star shine? What is the source of a star s energy? Laws
More informationAstronomy Ch 16 The Sun. MULTIPLE CHOICE. Choose the one alternative that best completes the statement or answers the question.
Name: Period: Date: Astronomy Ch 16 The Sun MULTIPLE CHOICE. Choose the one alternative that best completes the statement or answers the question. 1) The light we see from the Sun comes from which layer?
More informationComparative Planetology I: Our Solar System
Comparative Planetology I: Our Solar System Guiding Questions 1. Are all the other planets similar to Earth, or are they very different? 2. Do other planets have moons like Earth s Moon? 3. How do astronomers
More informationEarth Space Systems. Semester 1 Exam. Astronomy Vocabulary
Earth Space Systems Semester 1 Exam Astronomy Vocabulary Astronomical Unit- Aurora- Big Bang- Black Hole- 1AU is the average distance between the Earth and the Sun (93 million miles). This unit of measurement
More informationGALAXIES AND STARS. 2. Which star has a higher luminosity and a lower temperature than the Sun? A Rigel B Barnard s Star C Alpha Centauri D Aldebaran
GALAXIES AND STARS 1. Compared with our Sun, the star Betelgeuse is A smaller, hotter, and less luminous B smaller, cooler, and more luminous C larger, hotter, and less luminous D larger, cooler, and more
More informationAstronomy. physics.wm.edu/~hancock/171/ A. Dayle Hancock. Small 239. Office hours: MTWR 10-11am
Astronomy A. Dayle Hancock adhancock@wm.edu Small 239 Office hours: MTWR 10-11am Planetology II Key characteristics Chemical elements and planet size Radioactive dating Solar system formation Solar nebula
More informationThe Sun Our Star. Properties Interior Atmosphere Photosphere Chromosphere Corona Magnetism Sunspots Solar Cycles Active Sun
The Sun Our Star Properties Interior Atmosphere Photosphere Chromosphere Corona Magnetism Sunspots Solar Cycles Active Sun General Properties Not a large star, but larger than most Spectral type G2 It
More informationAstronomy Part 1 Regents Questions
Regents Questions 1. The Sun revolves around the center of A) Polaris B) Aldebaran C) Earth D) the Milky Way Galaxy 4. In which sequence are the items listed from least total mass to greatest total mass?
More informationLearning About Our Solar System
Learning About Our Solar System By debbie Routh COPYRIGHT 2004 Mark Twain Media, Inc. ISBN 978-1-58037-876-5 Printing No. 404007-EB Mark Twain Media, Inc., Publishers Distributed by Carson-Dellosa Publishing
More informationHydrogen Lines. What can we learn from light? Spectral Classification. Visible Hydrogen Spectrum Lines: Series. Actual Spectrum from SDSS
What can we learn from light? Hydrogen Lines Temperature Energy Chemical Composition Speed towards or away from us All from the! Lower E, Lower f, λ Visible! Higher E, Higher f, λ Visible Hydrogen Spectrum
More informationThe Ecology of Stars
The Ecology of Stars We have been considering stars as individuals; what they are doing and what will happen to them Now we want to look at their surroundings And their births 1 Interstellar Matter Space
More informationChapter Introduction Lesson 1 The View from Earth Lesson 2 The Sun and Other Stars Lesson 3 Evolution of Stars Lesson 4 Galaxies and the Universe
Chapter Introduction Lesson 1 The View from Earth Lesson 2 The Sun and Other Stars Lesson 3 Evolution of Stars Lesson 4 Galaxies and the Universe Chapter Wrap-Up What makes up the universe and how does
More informationStars and Galaxies. Content Outline for Teaching
Section 1 Stars A. Patterns of stars - constellations 1. Ancient cultures used mythology or everyday items to name constellations 2. Modern astronomy studies 88 constellations 3. Some constellations are
More informationThe Stars. Chapter 14
The Stars Chapter 14 Great Idea: The Sun and other stars use nuclear fusion reactions to convert mass into energy. Eventually, when a star s nuclear fuel is depleted, the star must burn out. Chapter Outline
More informationAstronomy 10 Test #2 Practice Version
Given (a.k.a. `First ) Name(s): Family (a.k.a. `Last ) name: ON YOUR PARSCORE: `Bubble your name, your student I.D. number, and your multiple-choice answers. I will keep the Parscore forms. ON THIS TEST
More informationUniverse Celestial Object Galaxy Solar System
ASTRONOMY Universe- Includes all known matter (everything). Celestial Object Any object outside or above Earth s atmosphere. Galaxy- A large group (billions) of stars (held together by gravity). Our galaxy
More informationPlanets Inner vs. outer Composition inner planets are rocky/outer are gas Size inner are smaller/outer are much larger Distance from sun inner are
Planets Inner vs. outer Composition inner planets are rocky/outer are gas Size inner are smaller/outer are much larger Distance from sun inner are close/outer are farther. Earth is 1 AU from the sun Life
More informationThe History of the Solar System. From cloud to Sun, planets, and smaller bodies
The History of the Solar System From cloud to Sun, planets, and smaller bodies The Birth of a Star Twenty years ago, we knew of only one star with planets the Sun and our understanding of the birth of
More informationLesson 3 THE SOLAR SYSTEM
Lesson 3 THE SOLAR SYSTEM THE NATURE OF THE SUN At the center of our solar system is the Sun which is a typical medium sized star. Composed mainly of Hydrogen (73% by mass), 23% helium and the rest is
More informationThe Sun. October 21, ) H-R diagram 2) Solar Structure 3) Nuclear Fusion 4) Solar Neutrinos 5) Solar Wind/Sunspots
The Sun October 21, 2002 1) H-R diagram 2) Solar Structure 3) Nuclear Fusion 4) Solar Neutrinos 5) Solar Wind/Sunspots Review Blackbody radiation Measuring stars distance luminosity brightness and distance
More informationChapter 8 Lecture. The Cosmic Perspective Seventh Edition. Formation of the Solar System
Chapter 8 Lecture The Cosmic Perspective Seventh Edition Formation of the Solar System Formation of the Solar System 8.1 The Search for Origins Our goals for learning: Develop a theory of solar system
More informationStellar Astronomy Sample Questions for Exam 4
Stellar Astronomy Sample Questions for Exam 4 Chapter 15 1. Emission nebulas emit light because a) they absorb high energy radiation (mostly UV) from nearby bright hot stars and re-emit it in visible wavelengths.
More informationAstronomy 1 Fall Reminder: When/where does your observing session meet? [See from your TA.]
Astronomy 1 Fall 2016 Reminder: When/where does your observing session meet? [See email from your TA.] Lecture 9, October 25, 2016 Previously on Astro-1 What is the Moon made of? How did the Moon form?
More informationChapter 12 Review. 2) About 90% of the star's total life is spent on the main sequence. 2)
Chapter 12 Review TRUE/FALSE. Write 'T' if the statement is true and 'F' if the statement is false. 1) As a main-sequence star, the Sun's hydrogen supply should last about 10 billion years from the zero-age
More informationSolar system Stars and Galaxies
5/18/16 Solar system Stars and Solar system, stars and galaxies The life cycle of stars inner planets/outer planets nebular theory novae and supernovae gravita>onal contrac>on white dwarf and black holes
More information5) What spectral type of star that is still around formed longest ago? 5) A) F B) A C) M D) K E) O
HW2 Name MULTIPLE CHOICE. Choose the one alternative that best completes the statement or answers the question. 1) The polarization of light passing though the dust grains shows that: 1) A) the dust grains
More informationExam #2 Review Sheet. Part #1 Clicker Questions
Exam #2 Review Sheet Part #1 Clicker Questions 1) The energy of a photon emitted by thermonuclear processes in the core of the Sun takes thousands or even millions of years to emerge from the surface because
More informationThe Electromagnetic Spectrum
The Electromagnetic Spectrum Three Kinds of Spectra Sun: The Nearest Star Radius 696,000 km 109 Re Mass 2 x 10^30 kg 300,000 Me Density 1400 kg/m^3 Luminosity 3.8x10^26 Watts (board calc.) Comp. 70% H,
More informationStars & Galaxies. Chapter 27, Section 1. Composition & Temperature. Chapter 27 Modern Earth Science Characteristics of Stars
Stars & Galaxies Chapter 27 Modern Earth Science Chapter 27, Section 1 27.1 Characteristics of Stars Composition & Temperature Scientists use the following tools to study stars Telescope Observation Spectral
More informationPHYS 160 Astronomy Take-home Test #4 Fall 2017
PHYS 160 Astronomy Take-home Test #4 Fall 2017 Instructions: This is a take-home test. The test period starts Monday 11/27/2017 at 2:10pm and ends at Wednesday 11/29/2017 at 1:10pm. The test must represent
More informationBeyond Our Solar System Chapter 24
Beyond Our Solar System Chapter 24 PROPERTIES OF STARS Distance Measuring a star's distance can be very difficult Stellar parallax Used for measuring distance to a star Apparent shift in a star's position
More informationThe Sun. - this is the visible surface of the Sun. The gases here are very still hot, but much cooler than inside about 6,000 C.
Name: The Sun The Sun is an average sized. Earth, Mars, Jupiter and Uranus are. A star is the only object in space that makes its own. This includes and. The sun is about million miles from Earth. This
More informationWhat does the solar system look like?
What does the solar system look like? The solar system exhibits clear patterns of composition and motion. These patterns are far more important and interesting than numbers, names, and other trivia. Relative
More informationChapter 15: The Origin of the Solar System
Chapter 15: The Origin of the Solar System The Solar Nebula Hypothesis Basis of modern theory of planet formation: Planets form at the same time from the same cloud as the star. Planet formation sites
More informationBased on the reduction of the intensity of the light from a star with distance. It drops off with the inverse square of the distance.
6/28 Based on the reduction of the intensity of the light from a star with distance. It drops off with the inverse square of the distance. Intensity is power per unit area of electromagnetic radiation.
More information1. Cosmology is the study of. a. The sun is the center of the Universe. b. The Earth is the center of the Universe
Section 1: The Universe 1. Cosmology is the study of. 2. Identify the type of cosmology a. The sun is the center of the Universe b. The Earth is the center of the Universe 3. The two most abundant gases
More informationExam # 3 Tue 12/06/2011 Astronomy 100/190Y Exploring the Universe Fall 11 Instructor: Daniela Calzetti
Exam # 3 Tue 12/06/2011 Astronomy 100/190Y Exploring the Universe Fall 11 Instructor: Daniela Calzetti INSTRUCTIONS: Please, use the `bubble sheet and a pencil # 2 to answer the exam questions, by marking
More informationChapter 23. Our Solar System
Chapter 23 Our Solar System Our Solar System 1 Historical Astronomy Wandering Stars Greeks watched the stars move across the sky and noticed five stars that wandered around and did not follow the paths
More informationAstronomy A BEGINNER S GUIDE TO THE UNIVERSE EIGHTH EDITION
Astronomy A BEGINNER S GUIDE TO THE UNIVERSE EIGHTH EDITION CHAPTER 4 The Solar System Lecture Presentation 4.0 What can be seen with the naked eye? Early astronomers knew about the Sun, Moon, stars, Mercury,
More informationChapter 19 The Origin of the Solar System
Chapter 19 The Origin of the Solar System Early Hypotheses catastrophic hypotheses, e.g., passing star hypothesis: Star passing closely to the the sun tore material out of the sun, from which planets could
More informationCONTENT EXPECTATIONS
THE SUN & THE STARS CONTENT EXPECTATIONS STARS What are stars? Are they all the same? What makes them different? What is our nearest star? THE SUN Why is it important? provides heat and light that we need
More informationTEACHER BACKGROUND INFORMATION
TEACHER BACKGROUND INFORMATION (The Universe) A. THE UNIVERSE: The universe encompasses all matter in existence. According to the Big Bang Theory, the universe was formed 10-20 billion years ago from a
More informationSun s Properties. Overview: The Sun. Composition of the Sun. Sun s Properties. The outer layers. Photosphere: Surface. Nearest.
Overview: The Sun Properties of the Sun Sun s outer layers Photosphere Chromosphere Corona Solar Activity Sunspots & the sunspot cycle Flares, prominences, CMEs, aurora Sun s Interior The Sun as an energy
More informationCHAPTER 28 STARS AND GALAXIES
CHAPTER 28 STARS AND GALAXIES 28.1 A CLOSER LOOK AT LIGHT Light is a form of electromagnetic radiation, which is energy that travels in waves. Waves of energy travel at 300,000 km/sec (speed of light Ex:
More informationStars & Galaxies. Chapter 27 Modern Earth Science
Stars & Galaxies Chapter 27 Modern Earth Science Chapter 27, Section 1 27.1 Characteristics of Stars How do astronomers determine the composition and surface temperature of a star? Composition & Temperature
More information9.2 - Our Solar System
9.2 - Our Solar System Scientists describe our solar system as the Sun and all the planets and other celestial objects, such as moons, comets, and asteroids, that are held by the Sun s gravity and orbit
More informationWhat is it like? When did it form? How did it form. The Solar System. Fall, 2005 Astronomy 110 1
What is it like? When did it form? How did it form The Solar System Fall, 2005 Astronomy 110 1 Fall, 2005 Astronomy 110 2 The planets all orbit the sun in the same direction. The Sun spins in the same
More informationAstronomy 113. Dr. Joseph E. Pesce, Ph.D. Review. Semester Recap. Nature of Light. Wavelength. Red/Blue Light 4/30/18
https://www.theverge.com/2018/ 3/10/17104188/melodysheeptime-lapse-universe-earthformation-watch Astronomy 113 Dr. Joseph E. Pesce, Ph.D. Review Semester Recap ³Light and Radiation ³The Sun ³Measuring
More informationASTRONOMY 1 FINAL EXAM 1 Name
ASTRONOMY 1 FINAL EXAM 1 Name Multiple Choice (2 pts each) 1. Sullivan Star is an F spectral class star that is part of a binary star system. It has a MS lifetime of 5 billion years. Its life will eventually
More informationLife and Death of a Star 2015
Life and Death of a Star 2015 Name Date 1. In the main-sequence, the core is slowly shrinking because A. the mass of the star is slowly increasing B. hydrogen fusing to helium makes the core more dense
More informationA Star is born: The Sun. SNC1D7-Space
A Star is born: The Sun SNC1D7-Space Exploring the Sun Our Sun, a star, is the most important celestial object for life on Earth. The solar nebula theory is the current theory used to explain the formation
More informationToday The Sun. Events
Today The Sun Events Last class! Homework due now - will count best 5 of 6 Final exam Dec. 20 @ 12:00 noon here Review this Course! www.case.edu/utech/course-evaluations/ The Sun the main show in the solar
More information21/11/ /11/2017 Space Physics AQA Physics topic 8
Space Physics AQA Physics topic 8 8.1 Solar System, Orbits and Satellites The eight planets of our Solar System Mercury Venus Earth Mars Jupiter Saturn Uranus Neptune As well as the eight planets, the
More informationChapter 9: Measuring the Stars
Chapter 9: Measuring the Stars About 10 11 (100,000,000,000) stars in a galaxy; also about 10 11 galaxies in the universe Stars have various major characteristics, the majority of which fall into several
More informationLESSON topic: formation of the solar system Solar system formation Star formation Models of the solar system Planets in our solar system
Unit 2 Lesson 1 LESSON topic: formation of the solar system - Solar system formation - Star formation - Models of the solar system - Planets in our solar system Big bang theory Origin of the universe According
More informationThe Sun. Chapter 12. Properties of the Sun. Properties of the Sun. The Structure of the Sun. Properties of the Sun.
Chapter 12 The Sun, Our Star 1 With a radius 100 and a mass of 300,000 that of Earth, the Sun must expend a large amount of energy to withstand its own gravitational desire to collapse To understand this
More informationReview Chapter 10. 2) A parsec is slightly more than 200,000 AU. 2)
Review Chapter 10 TRUE/FALSE. Write 'T' if the statement is true and 'F' if the statement is false. 1) A parsec is about 3.3 light-years. 1) 2) A parsec is slightly more than 200,000 AU. 2) 3) The nearest
More informationOrigin of the Solar System
Solar nebula Formation of planetismals Formation of terrestrial planets Origin of the Solar System Announcements There will be another preceptor-led study group Wednesday at 10:30AM in room 330 of Kuiper
More information~15 GA. (Giga Annum: Billion Years) today
~15 GA (Giga Annum: Billion Years) today ~ 300,000 years after the Big Bang The first map of the Universe. Not homogeneous. Cosmic microwave background (CMB) anisotropy. First detected by the COBE DMR
More informationStars and their properties: (Chapters 11 and 12)
Stars and their properties: (Chapters 11 and 12) To classify stars we determine the following properties for stars: 1. Distance : Needed to determine how much energy stars produce and radiate away by using
More informationFormation of the Solar System Chapter 8
Formation of the Solar System Chapter 8 To understand the formation of the solar system one has to apply concepts such as: Conservation of angular momentum Conservation of energy The theory of the formation
More informationSection 2 Astronomy 100 Fall 2003 Hour Exam 2 Test Form C
Section 2 Astronomy 100 Fall 2003 Hour Exam 2 Test Form C 1. DO NOT OPEN THIS EXAM UNTIL INSTRUCTED TO DO SO. 2. Use a dark pencil such as a number 2 pencil 3. On your bubble sheet, mark form C. 4. Answer
More informationAntelope Valley College ASTR 101 Study Guide Exam 3
Antelope Valley College ASTR 101 Study Guide Exam 3 The third exam will cover material in Chapters 15-24. In addition to reading the chapters, reviewing notes, lecture slides, quizzes and homework assignments,
More informationAstronomy. Chapter 15 Stellar Remnants: White Dwarfs, Neutron Stars, and Black Holes
Astronomy Chapter 15 Stellar Remnants: White Dwarfs, Neutron Stars, and Black Holes are hot, compact stars whose mass is comparable to the Sun's and size to the Earth's. A. White dwarfs B. Neutron stars
More informationGuidepost. Chapter 08 The Sun 10/12/2015. General Properties. The Photosphere. Granulation. Energy Transport in the Photosphere.
Guidepost The Sun is the source of light an warmth in our solar system, so it is a natural object to human curiosity. It is also the star most easily visible from Earth, and therefore the most studied.
More information