Astronomy A BEGINNER S GUIDE TO THE UNIVERSE EIGHTH EDITION
|
|
- Joanna Cummings
- 6 years ago
- Views:
Transcription
1 Astronomy A BEGINNER S GUIDE TO THE UNIVERSE EIGHTH EDITION CHAPTER 4 The Solar System Lecture Presentation
2 4.0 What can be seen with the naked eye? Early astronomers knew about the Sun, Moon, stars, Mercury, Venus, Mars, Jupiter, Saturn, comets, and meteors. Occasionally 5 planets can be seen at one time! Do you already know these?
3 4.1 An Inventory of the Solar System Early astronomers knew about the Sun, Moon, stars, Mercury, Venus, Mars, Jupiter, Saturn, comets, and meteors. Now known: Solar system has 1 star, 169 moons orbiting 8 planets (added Uranus and Neptune), asteroids (meteoroids), comets, dwarf planets (Plutoids), and Kuiper belt objects. Which of these are shown in the figure? (Plu
4 4.1 An Inventory of the Solar System New quantities: planet Mass, Radius and Density see next page for details.
5 If you are interested the class web page gives the details in a series of: astro101_notes_chaptxxx.pdf files 4.1 An Inventory of the Solar System How do we know the quantities in the Table on the previous page? Distance from Sun known by Kepler s laws Orbital period can be observed Radius known from angular size and distance Masses from Newton s laws Rotation period from observations Density (= Mass/Volume) can be calculated knowing radius and Mass: see astr0101_notes_chapt3and4.pdf
6 4.1 An Inventory of the Solar System All orbits but Mercury s are close to the same plane and are almost circular (e near 0): these patterns are curiously similar and must be telling us something! (see solar system formation models at the end of this Chapt)
7 4.1 The Overall Layout of the Solar System Because the planet s orbits are close to being in a plane, it is possible for them to appear in a straight line as viewed from Earth. This photograph was taken in April 2002; can you visualize a straight line through all 5 planets? Can you also see a 6 th planet in the photo? Where is it?
8 4.1 An Inventory of the Solar System Curiously : Sun is huge, then 4 small planets, then 4 large planets: what is that all about?
9 4.1 An Inventory of the Solar System Terrestrial planets (many common features): Mercury, Venus, Earth, Mars Jovian planets (many common features): Jupiter, Saturn, Uranus, Neptune
10 4.1 An Inventory of the Solar System Differences between the terrestrial planets: Atmospheres and surface conditions are very dissimilar. Only Earth has oxygen in atmosphere and liquid water on surface. Earth and Mars rotate at about the same rate; Venus and Mercury are much slower, and Venus rotates in the opposite (retrograde) direction. Earth and Mars have moons; Mercury and Venus don t. Earth and Mercury have magnetic fields; Venus and Mars don t.
11 4.2 Interplanetary Matter (mostly primordial) The inner solar system, showing the asteroid belt, Earth-crossing asteroids, and Trojan asteroids Find all of these in the figure!
12 4.2 Interplanetary Matter (mostly primordial) Asteroids are mostly rocky (for astronomers, but too detailed for us, asteroids are grouped into 3 types [see next page]) About 200,000 have been identified so far The three largest (about the size of Texas but much smaller than Earth or our Moon) are: Diameter Ceres Pallas Vesta 940 km 580 km 540 km
13 4.2 Interplanetary Matter (mostly primordial) Asteroids are classified into 3 types: C-type: Carbonaceous, dark (about 75% of asteroids) S-type: Silicate (rocky) (15% to 17% of asteroids) M-type: Metallic; iron and nickel (most of the remainder) Vesta (photo on right) is considered a rare example of a protoplanet: a layered (i.e. differentiated [see Chapt 5]) planetary building block from the earliest days of the solar system!
14 4.2 Interplanetary Matter (mostly primordial) Asteroids (those too small to be seen are called meteoroids and are typically <1m in size) are mostly too small to be round! (It s a gravity thing!) (below) Asteroid Mathilde (above) Asteroid Ida with its moon, Dactyl (above) Asteroid Itokawa
15 4.2 Interplanetary Matter (mostly primordial) Eros, a typical non-round asteroid, is: 34km x 11km
16 4.2 Interplanetary Matter: What Killed the Dinosaurs? The dinosaurs may have been killed by the impact on Earth of a large meteoroid or small asteroid. Fortunately in recent times, the larger an impact is, the less often we expect it to occur: see plot!
17 4.2 Interplanetary Matter: What Killed the Dinosaurs? Some meteors explode in the air much like a huge bomb! The blast from the Tunguska meteor in June 1908 flattened 770 square miles of forest!
18 4.2 Interplanetary Matter: What Killed the Dinosaurs? The impact of a large meteor can create a significant crater; check out This is the nearby Barringer meteor crater in Arizona What is a meteor? It is a small body of matter from outer space that enters the earth's atmosphere, becoming incandescent as a result of friction and appearing as a streak of light.
19 4.2 Interplanetary Matter: What Killed the Dinosaurs? This is the remnant of a much larger impact called the Manicouagan reservoir in Quebec Canada
20 4.2 Interplanetary Matter: What Killed the Dinosaurs? Could the asteroid/meteoroid/comet impact that created the Chicxulub crater have caused the extinction of the dinosaurs? An easy to read article is: https: The simple answer is we do not know the impact that caused the Chicxulub crater is just a very likely candidate!
21 4.2 Interplanetary Matter (mostly primordial) Comets are icy, with some rocky parts. The basic components of a comet are detailed in the bottom right drawing.
22 4.2 Interplanetary Matter (mostly primordial) The comet s tails develop as it approaches the Sun and disappears as it moves away from the Sun. The solar wind means the ion tail always points away from the Sun. The dust tail also tends to point away from the Sun, but the dust particles are more massive and lag somewhat, forming a curved tail.
23 4.2 Interplanetary Matter (mostly primordial) Comets that come close enough to the Sun to be detectable from Earth have very eccentric orbits (eccentricity, e, are near 1, see Chapt 1)
24 4.2 Interplanetary Matter (mostly primordial) The size, shape, and orientation of cometary orbits depend on their orbit period. Long period comet orbits extend out to what is called the Oort cloud : the largest structure in the solar system!
25 4.2 Interplanetary Matter (mostly primordial) Meteor showers have many meteors/hour that appear to radiate from a common point in the sky (see time exposure image).
26 4.2 Interplanetary Matter (mostly primordial) Meteor showers are associated with short period comets they are the debris left over when a comet breaks up.
27 4.3 The Formation of the Solar System How might our solar system have formed? In the nebular contraction model (more in Chapt 11): Cloud (nebula) of gas and dust contracts due to gravity; conservation of angular momentum means it spins faster and faster as it contracts.
28 More Precisely 4.2: The Concept of Angular Momentum Conservation of angular momentum says that the product of radius and rotation rate must be constant. Therefore, as a dust cloud collapses, its rate of rotation will increase.
29 4.3 Formation of the Solar System More is needed in the model! We must now form modern structures. Condensation theory: Condensation occurs when gas cools and changes its state to become tiny solid particles. Interstellar dust grains act as condensation nuclei. Planetesimals grow and merge through collisions.
30 4.3 Formation of the Solar System Planetesimals grow and merge through collisions:
31 4.3 Formation of the Solar System While it is too late to observe this happening for our solar system, other solar systems are constantly forming today! The star Beta Pictoris is surrounded by a disk of warm matter, which may indicate planetary formation.
32 4.3 Formation of the Solar System These images show two other possible planetary systems in the process of formation.
33 4.3 Formation of the Solar System Temperature in the cloud determines where various materials condense out (become solid think about it: you can not make a snowball out of water or water vapor). See plot in top right à This determines where rocky (Terrestrial) planets and gas giant (Jovian) planets form!
34 4.3 Formation of the Solar System Here is another version of the same plot. Temperature in the cloud determines where various materials condense out; this determines where rocky planets and gas giant planets form.
35 4.4 Planets Beyond the Solar System Many planets have been discovered in other solar systems: these are called extra-solar planets. This figure shows recently discovered extra-solar planets compared to Neptune and Earth.
36 4.4 Planets Beyond the Solar System Some extra-solar planets are discovered through the wobble they create in their parent star s orbit.
37 4.4 Planets Beyond the Solar System Other extra-solar planets are discovered through the periodic dimming of the parent star s brightness. Do you understand how a planet can reduce the brightness of the parent star?
38 4.4 Planets Beyond the Solar System These are the orbits of many extra-solar planets discovered so far (see Earth s orbit for comparison).
39 4.4 Planets Beyond the Solar System This plot shows the masses of about 1000 discovered extra-solar planets (vertical axis) VS their distance from their star (horizontal axis). Earth, Neptune and Jupiter are also shown! Most have masses closer to the mass of Jupiter or Neptune than that of Earth.
40 4.4 Planets Beyond the Solar System Most have masses closer to the mass of Jupiter or Neptune than that of Earth this is a selection effect favoring discovery of massive and/or nearbyto-star planets. Nevertheless many of these do lie in a habitable zone favorable to Earth-like life!
41 Summary of Chapter 4 The solar system consists of the Sun and everything orbiting it. Asteroids are rocky, and most orbit between the orbits of Mars and Jupiter. Comets are icy and are believed to have formed early in the solar system s life. Major planets orbit the Sun in same sense, and all but Venus rotate in that sense as well. Planetary orbits lie almost in the same plane.
42 Summary of Chapter 4 (con t) Four inner planets terrestrial planets are rocky, small, and dense. Four outer planets Jovian planets are made of gas and liquid and are large. Nebular theory of solar system formation says that a cloud of gas and dust gradually collapsed under its own gravity, spinning faster as it shrank. Condensation theory says dust grains acted as condensation nuclei, beginning formation of larger objects.
43 Summary of Chapter 4 (con t) Planets have been discovered in other solar systems. Most of those discovered so far are large and orbit much closer to the Sun than the large planets in our solar system do.
Lecture Outlines. Chapter 6. Astronomy Today 7th Edition Chaisson/McMillan Pearson Education, Inc.
Lecture Outlines Chapter 6 Astronomy Today 7th Edition Chaisson/McMillan Chapter 6 The Solar System Units of Chapter 6 6.1 An Inventory of the Solar System 6.2 Measuring the Planets 6.3 The Overall Layout
More informationChapter 4 The Solar System
Chapter 4 The Solar System Comet Tempel Chapter overview Solar system inhabitants Solar system formation Extrasolar planets Solar system inhabitants Sun Planets Moons Asteroids Comets Meteoroids Kuiper
More informationMULTIPLE CHOICE. Choose the one alternative that best completes the statement or answers the question.
Chapter 4 - Group Homework Name MULTIPLE CHOICE. Choose the one alternative that best completes the statement or answers the question. 1) Density is defined as A) mass times weight. B) mass per unit volume.
More information1star 1 star 9 8 planets 63 (major) moons asteroids, comets, meteoroids
The Solar System 1star 1 star 9 8 planets 63 (major) moons asteroids, comets, meteoroids The distances to planets are known from Kepler s Laws (once calibrated with radar ranging to Venus) How are planet
More informationLecture Outlines. Chapter 15. Astronomy Today 7th Edition Chaisson/McMillan Pearson Education, Inc.
Lecture Outlines Chapter 15 Astronomy Today 7th Edition Chaisson/McMillan Chapter 15 The Formation of Planetary Systems Units of Chapter 15 15.1 Modeling Planet Formation 15.2 Terrestrial and Jovian Planets
More informationLecture Outlines. Chapter 14. Astronomy Today 7th Edition Chaisson/McMillan Pearson Education, Inc.
Lecture Outlines Chapter 14 Astronomy Today 7th Edition Chaisson/McMillan Chapter 14 Solar System Debris Units of Chapter 14 14.1 Asteroids What Killed the Dinosaurs? 14.2 Comets 14.3 Beyond Neptune 14.4
More informationOrigin of the Solar System
Origin of the Solar System and Solar System Debris 1 Debris comets meteoroids asteroids gas dust 2 Asteroids irregular, rocky hunks small in mass and size Ceres - largest, 1000 km in diameter (1/3 Moon)
More informationThe Formation of the Solar System
The Formation of the Solar System Basic Facts to be explained : 1. Each planet is relatively isolated in space. 2. Orbits nearly circular. 3. All roughly orbit in the same plane. 4. Planets are all orbiting
More informationFormation of the Solar System. What We Know. What We Know
Formation of the Solar System Many of the characteristics of the planets we discussed last week are a direct result of how the Solar System formed Until recently, theories for solar system formation were
More informationAstronomy Ch. 6 The Solar System. MULTIPLE CHOICE. Choose the one alternative that best completes the statement or answers the question.
Name: Period: Date: Astronomy Ch. 6 The Solar System MULTIPLE CHOICE. Choose the one alternative that best completes the statement or answers the question. 1) The largest asteroid, and probably the only
More informationAstronomy Ch. 6 The Solar System: Comparative Planetology
Name: Period: Date: Astronomy Ch. 6 The Solar System: Comparative Planetology MULTIPLE CHOICE. Choose the one alternative that best completes the statement or answers the question. 1) The largest asteroid,
More informationUnit 12 Lesson 1 What Objects Are Part of the Solar System?
Unit 12 Lesson 1 What Objects Are Part of the Solar System? The Solar System Earth, other planets, and the moon are part of a solar system. A solar system is made up of a star and the planets and other
More informationChapter 15: The Origin of the Solar System
Chapter 15: The Origin of the Solar System The Solar Nebula Hypothesis Basis of modern theory of planet formation: Planets form at the same time from the same cloud as the star. Planet formation sites
More informationPhysics Homework 5 Fall 2015
1) Long period comets are thought to reside mainly in the 1) A) Interstellar Medium. B) asteroid belt. C) Oort Cloud. D) Kirkwood gaps. E) Kuiper Belt. 2) Pluto is most similar to 2) A) Mercury. B) Triton.
More informationPhysics Homework 5 Fall 2015
1) As the solar nebula contracts it 1) A) cools due to condensation. B) spins faster due to conservation of angular momentum. C) flattens out into the ecliptic plane around the Sun's poles. D) loses angular
More informationOUR SOLAR SYSTEM. James Martin. Facebook.com/groups/AstroLSSC Twitter.com/AstroLSSC
OUR SOLAR SYSTEM James Martin Facebook.com/groups/AstroLSSC Twitter.com/AstroLSSC It s time for the human race to enter the solar system. -Dan Quayle Structure of the Solar System Our Solar System contains
More informationEarth Science 11 Learning Guide Unit Complete the following table with information about the sun:
Earth Science 11 Learning Guide Unit 2 Name: 2-1 The sun 1. Complete the following table with information about the sun: a. Mass compare to the Earth: b. Temperature of the gases: c. The light and heat
More informationNotes: The Solar System
Notes: The Solar System The Formation of the Solar System 1. A gas cloud collapses under the influence of gravity. 2. Solids condense at the center, forming a protostar. 3. A falttened disk of matter surrounds
More information1 Solar System Debris and Formation
1 Solar System Debris and Formation Chapters 14 and 15 of your textbook Exercises: Do all Review and Discussion and all Conceptual Self-Test 1.1 Solar System Debris Asteroids small rocky bodies Most under
More information9. Formation of the Solar System
9. Formation of the Solar System The evolution of the world may be compared to a display of fireworks that has just ended: some few red wisps, ashes, and smoke. Standing on a cool cinder, we see the slow
More informationHNRS 227 Fall 2006 Chapter 13. What is Pluto? What is a Planet? There are two broad categories of planets: Terrestrial and Jovian
Key Points of Chapter 13 HNRS 227 Fall 2006 Chapter 13 The Solar System presented by Prof. Geller 24 October 2006 Planets Mercury, Venus, Earth, Mars, Jupiter, Saturn, Uranus, Neptune Dwarf Planets Pluto,
More informationThe Cosmic Perspective Seventh Edition. Asteroids, Comets, and Dwarf Planets: Their Natures, Orbits, and Impacts. Chapter 12 Review Clickers
Review Clickers The Cosmic Perspective Seventh Edition Asteroids, Comets, and Dwarf Planets: Their Natures, Orbits, and Impacts Asteroids a) are rocky and small typically the size of a grain of rice or
More informationVagabonds of the Solar System. Chapter 15
Vagabonds of the Solar System Chapter 15 ASTR 111 003 Fall 2007 Lecture 13 Nov. 26, 2007 Introduction To Modern Astronomy I: Solar System Introducing Astronomy (chap. 1-6) Planets and Moons (chap. 7-15)
More informationMoon Obs #1 Due! Moon visible: early morning through afternoon. 6 more due June 13 th. 15 total due June 25 th. Final Report Due June 28th
Moon Obs #1 Due! Moon visible: early morning through afternoon 6 more due June 13 th 15 total due June 25 th Final Report Due June 28th Our Solar System Objectives Overview of what is in our solar system
More informationLecture Outlines. Chapter 15. Astronomy Today 8th Edition Chaisson/McMillan Pearson Education, Inc.
Lecture Outlines Chapter 15 Astronomy Today 8th Edition Chaisson/McMillan Chapter 15 Exoplanets Units of Chapter 15 15.1 Modeling Planet Formation 15.2 Solar System Regularities and Irregularities 15.3
More informationWhat is it like? When did it form? How did it form. The Solar System. Fall, 2005 Astronomy 110 1
What is it like? When did it form? How did it form The Solar System Fall, 2005 Astronomy 110 1 Fall, 2005 Astronomy 110 2 The planets all orbit the sun in the same direction. The Sun spins in the same
More informationChapter 15 The Formation of Planetary Systems
Chapter 15 The Formation of Planetary Systems Units of Chapter 15 15.1 Modeling Planet Formation 15.2 Formation of the Solar System 15.3 Terrestrial and Jovian Planets 15.4 Interplanetary Debris 15.5 Solar
More informationRadioactive Dating. U238>Pb206. Halflife: Oldest earth rocks. Meteors and Moon rocks. 4.5 billion years billion years
U238>Pb206 Halflife: 4.5 billion years Oldest earth rocks 3.96 billion years Meteors and Moon rocks 4.6 billion years This is the time they solidified The solar system is older than this. Radioactive Dating
More informationAstronomy 241: Foundations of Astrophysics I. The Solar System
Astronomy 241: Foundations of Astrophysics I. The Solar System Astronomy 241 is the first part of a year-long introduction to astrophysics. It uses basic classical mechanics and thermodynamics to analyze
More informationChapter 8 Lecture. The Cosmic Perspective Seventh Edition. Formation of the Solar System
Chapter 8 Lecture The Cosmic Perspective Seventh Edition Formation of the Solar System Formation of the Solar System 8.1 The Search for Origins Our goals for learning: Develop a theory of solar system
More informationClicker Question: Clicker Question: Clicker Question:
Test results Last day to drop without a grade is Feb 29 Grades posted in cabinet and online F D C B A In which direction would the Earth move if the Sun s gravitational force were suddenly removed from
More informationContents of the Solar System
The Solar System Contents of the Solar System Sun Planets 9 known (now: 8) Mercury, Venus, Earth, Mars ( Terrestrials ) Jupiter, Saturn, Uranus, Neptune ( Jovians ) Pluto (a Kuiper Belt object?) Natural
More informationPlanets: Name Distance from Sun Satellites Year Day Mercury 0.4AU yr 60 days Venus yr 243 days* Earth 1 1 yr 1 day Mars 1.
The Solar System (Ch. 6 in text) We will skip from Ch. 6 to Ch. 15, only a survey of the solar system, the discovery of extrasolar planets (in more detail than the textbook), and the formation of planetary
More informationComparative Planetology I: Our Solar System
Comparative Planetology I: Our Solar System Guiding Questions 1. Are all the other planets similar to Earth, or are they very different? 2. Do other planets have moons like Earth s Moon? 3. How do astronomers
More informationCosmology Vocabulary
Cosmology Vocabulary Vocabulary Words Terrestrial Planets The Sun Gravity Galaxy Lightyear Axis Comets Kuiper Belt Oort Cloud Meteors AU Nebula Solar System Cosmology Universe Coalescence Jovian Planets
More informationPHYS 160 Astronomy Test #3 Nov 1, 2017 Version B
PHYS 160 Astronomy Test #3 Nov 1, 2017 Version B I. True/False (1 point each) Circle the T if the statement is true, or F if the statement is false on your answer sheet. 1. The clouds of Jupiter are composed
More informationSolar System revised.notebook October 12, 2016 Solar Nebula Theory
Solar System revised.notebook The Solar System Solar Nebula Theory Solar Nebula was a rotating disk of dust and gas w/ a dense center dense center eventually becomes the sun start to condense b/c of gravity
More informationExploring Our Solar System
Exploring Our Solar System Our Solar System What do you think? Read the two statements below and decide whether you agree or disagree with them. Place an A in the Before column if you agree with the statement
More informationToday. Solar System Formation. a few more bits and pieces. Homework due
Today Solar System Formation a few more bits and pieces Homework due Pluto Charon 3000 km Asteroids small irregular rocky bodies Comets icy bodies Formation of the Solar System How did these things come
More information26. Introduction to the Solar System page 1
26. Introduction to the Solar System page 1 A. To get a sense of scale: Here is a "scale model for the Solar System" illustrating the relative sizes of, and distances between, the planets and the Sun.
More informationUnit 2 Lesson 1 What Objects Are Part of the Solar System? Copyright Houghton Mifflin Harcourt Publishing Company
Unit 2 Lesson 1 What Objects Are Part of the Solar System? Florida Benchmarks SC.5.E.5.2 Recognize the major common characteristics of all planets and compare/contrast the properties of inner and outer
More informationGravity: Motivation An initial theory describing the nature of the gravitational force by Newton is a product of the resolution of the
Gravity: Motivation An initial theory describing the nature of the gravitational force by Newton is a product of the resolution of the Geocentric-Heliocentric debate (Brahe s data and Kepler s analysis)
More informationThe Solar Nebula Theory. This lecture will help you understand: Conceptual Integrated Science. Chapter 28 THE SOLAR SYSTEM
This lecture will help you understand: Hewitt/Lyons/Suchocki/Yeh Conceptual Integrated Science Chapter 28 THE SOLAR SYSTEM Overview of the Solar System The Nebular Theory The Sun Asteroids, Comets, and
More informationComparative Planetology I: Our Solar System. Chapter Seven
Comparative Planetology I: Our Solar System Chapter Seven ASTR 111 003 Fall 2006 Lecture 07 Oct. 16, 2006 Introduction To Modern Astronomy I Introducing Astronomy (chap. 1-6) Planets and Moons (chap. 7-17)
More informationAstronomy Wed. Oct. 6
Astronomy 301 - Wed. Oct. 6 Guest lectures, Monday and today: Prof. Harriet Dinerstein Monday: The outer planets & their moons Today: asteroids, comets, & the Kuiper Belt; formation of the Solar System
More informationStarting from closest to the Sun, name the orbiting planets in order.
Chapter 9 Section 1: Our Solar System Solar System: The solar system includes the sun, planets and many smaller structures. A planet and its moon(s) make up smaller systems in the solar system. Scientist
More information5. How did Copernicus s model solve the problem of some planets moving backwards?
MODELS OF THE SOLAR SYSTEM Reading Guide: Chapter 27.2 (read text pages 691-694) 1k. Recognize the cumulative nature of scientific evidence. 1n. Know that when an observation does not agree with an accepted
More informationCHAPTER 6. The Solar System
CHAPTER 6 The Solar System 6.1 An Inventory of the Solar System The Greeks knew about 5 planets other than Earth They also knew about two other objects that were not planets or stars: meteors and comets
More informationComparative Planetology I: Our Solar System. Chapter Seven
Comparative Planetology I: Our Solar System Chapter Seven ASTR 111 003 Fall 2006 Lecture 07 Oct. 16, 2006 Introduction To Modern Astronomy I Introducing Astronomy (chap. 1-6) Planets and Moons (chap. 7-17)
More information9.2 - Our Solar System
9.2 - Our Solar System Scientists describe our solar system as the Sun and all the planets and other celestial objects, such as moons, comets, and asteroids, that are held by the Sun s gravity and orbit
More information9/22/ A Brief Tour of the Solar System. Chapter 6: Formation of the Solar System. What does the solar system look like?
9/22/17 Lecture Outline 6.1 A Brief Tour of the Solar System Chapter 6: Formation of the Solar System What does the solar system look like? Our goals for learning: What does the solar system look like?
More informationOverview of the Solar System. Solar system contents one star, several planets, lots of debris.
Overview of the Solar System Solar system contents one star, several planets, lots of debris. Most of it is the Sun! 99.8% of the mass of the Solar System resides in the Sun. A hot ball of mostly hydrogen
More information1 of 5 5/2/2015 5:50 PM
1 of 5 5/2/2015 5:50 PM 1. A comet that has a semi-major axis of 100 AU must have a period of about 10 years. 20 years. 100 years. 1000 years. 2. Astronomers believe chondrite meteorites are about 4.6
More information-Melissa Greenberg, Arielle Hoffman, Zachary Feldmann, Ryan Pozin, Elizabeth Weeks, Christopher Pesota, & Sara Pilcher
-Melissa Greenberg, Arielle Hoffman, Zachary Feldmann, Ryan Pozin, Elizabeth Weeks, Christopher Pesota, & Sara Pilcher Formation Overview All explanations as to how the solar system was formed are only
More informationChapter 19 The Origin of the Solar System
Chapter 19 The Origin of the Solar System Early Hypotheses catastrophic hypotheses, e.g., passing star hypothesis: Star passing closely to the the sun tore material out of the sun, from which planets could
More informationAnnouncements. HW #3 is Due on Thursday (September 22) as usual. Chris will be in RH111 on that day.
Announcements The Albuquerque Astronomical Society (TAAS) is hosting a public lecture SATURDAY, SEPTEMBER 17TH - 7:00pm SCIENCE AND MATH LEARNING CENTER, UNM CAMPUS Free and open to the public USA Total
More informationChapter 19: Meteorites, Asteroids, and Comets
Chapter 19: Meteorites, Asteroids, and Comets Comet Superstition Throughout history, comets have been considered as portants of doom, even until very recently: Appearances of comet Kohoutek (1973), Halley
More informationAt this point of its orbit, any solar satellite such as a comet or a planet is farthest away from the sun. What is the aphelion?
At this point of its orbit, any solar satellite such as a comet or a planet is farthest away from the sun. What is the aphelion? These small, rocky worlds orbit the sun generally between the orbits of
More informationCurrently, the largest optical telescope mirrors have a diameter of A) 1 m. B) 2 m. C) 5 m. D) 10 m. E) 100 m.
If a material is highly opaque, then it reflects most light. absorbs most light. transmits most light. scatters most light. emits most light. When light reflects off an object, what is the relation between
More informationAstronomy 1504 Section 10 Final Exam Version 1 May 6, 1999
Astronomy 1504 Section 10 Final Exam Version 1 May 6, 1999 Reminder: When I write these questions, I believe that there is one one correct answer. The questions consist of all parts a e. Read the entire
More informationJoy of Science Experience the evolution of the Universe, Earth and Life
Joy of Science Experience the evolution of the Universe, Earth and Life Review Introduction Main contents Quiz Unless otherwise noted, all pictures are taken from wikipedia.org Review 1 The presence of
More informationThe Solar System. Sun. Rotates and revolves around the Milky Way galaxy at such a slow pace that we do not notice any effects.
The Solar System Sun Center of the solar system About 150,000,000 km from the Earth An averaged sized, yellow star Spherical in shape due to gravity Made of about ¾ hydrogen and ¼ helium, both of which
More informationInitial Conditions: The temperature varies with distance from the protosun.
Initial Conditions: The temperature varies with distance from the protosun. In the outer disk it is cold enough for ice to condense onto dust to form large icy grains. In the inner solar system ice can
More informationWho was here? How can you tell? This is called indirect evidence!
1 Who was here? How can you tell? This is called indirect evidence! 2 How does a planetary system form? The one we can study in the most detail is our solar system. If we want to know whether the solar
More informationStellar Astronomy Sample Questions for Exam 3
Stellar Astronomy Sample Questions for Exam 3 Chapter 7 1. A protostar is formed by a) the rapid expansion of gas from an exploding star. b) the gravitational collapse of a rotating interstellar cloud.
More informationSolar System Formation/The Sun
Solar System Formation/The Sun Objective 4 Examine the orbital paths of planets and other astronomical bodies (comets and asteroids). Examine the theories of geocentric and heliocentric models and Kepler
More informationChapter 23 Earth Science 11
Chapter 23 Earth Science 11 Inner planets: Closest planets to the sun A.k.a. terrestrial planets All have a rocky crust, dense mantle layer, and a very dense core Mercury, Venus, Earth, and Mars Outer
More informationAstronomy. physics.wm.edu/~hancock/171/ A. Dayle Hancock. Small 239. Office hours: MTWR 10-11am
Astronomy A. Dayle Hancock adhancock@wm.edu Small 239 Office hours: MTWR 10-11am Planetology II Key characteristics Chemical elements and planet size Radioactive dating Solar system formation Solar nebula
More informationFormation of the Solar System
Formation of the Solar System What theory best explains the features of our solar system? The nebular theory states that our solar system formed from the gravitational collapse of a giant interstellar
More informationOur Planetary System & the Formation of the Solar System
Our Planetary System & the Formation of the Solar System Chapters 7 & 8 Comparative Planetology We learn about the planets by comparing them and assessing their similarities and differences Similarities
More informationLecture 39. Asteroids/ Minor Planets In "Gap" between Mars and Jupiter: 20,000 observed small objects, 6000 with known orbits:
Lecture 39 Interplanetary Matter Asteroids Meteorites Comets Oort Cloud Apr 28, 2006 Astro 100 Lecture 39 1 Asteroids/ Minor Planets In "Gap" between Mars and Jupiter: 20,000 observed small objects, 6000
More informationCHAPTER 11. We continue to Learn a lot about the Solar System by using Space Exploration
CHAPTER 11 We continue to Learn a lot about the Solar System by using Space Exploration Section 11.1 The Sun page 390 -Average sized star -Millions of km away -300,000 more massive then Earth, 99% of all
More informationCh 23 Touring Our Solar System 23.1 The Solar System 23.2 The Terrestrial Planet 23.3 The Outer Planets 23.4 Minor Members of the Solar System
Ch 23 Touring Our Solar System 23.1 The Solar System 23.2 The Terrestrial Planet 23.3 The Outer Planets 23.4 Minor Members of the Solar System Ch 23.1 The Solar System Terrestrial planets- Small Rocky
More informationAstro 1010 Planetary Astronomy Sample Questions for Exam 3
Astro 1010 Planetary Astronomy Sample Questions for Exam 3 Chapter 6 1. Which of the following statements is false? a) Refraction is the bending of light when it passes from one medium to another. b) Mirrors
More informationVagabonds of the Solar System
Vagabonds of the Solar System Guiding Questions 1. How and why were the asteroids first discovered? 2. Why didn t the asteroids coalesce to form a single planet? 3. What do asteroids look like? 4. How
More information12/3/14. Guiding Questions. Vagabonds of the Solar System. A search for a planet between Mars and Jupiter led to the discovery of asteroids
Guiding Questions Vagabonds of the Solar System 1. How and why were the asteroids first discovered? 2. Why didn t the asteroids coalesce to form a single planet? 3. What do asteroids look like? 4. How
More information1/13/16. Solar System Formation
Solar System Formation 1 Your Parents Solar System 21 st Century Solar System 2 The 21 st Century Solar System Sun Terrestrial Planets Asteroid Belt Jovian Planets Kuiper Belt Oort Cloud The Solar System:
More informationWhy are Saturn s rings confined to a thin plane? 1. Tidal forces 2. Newton s 1st law 3. Conservation of energy 4. Conservation of angular momentum
Announcements Astro 101, 12/2/08 Formation of the Solar System (text unit 33) Last OWL homework: late this week or early next week Final exam: Monday, Dec. 15, 10:30 AM, Hasbrouck 20 Saturn Moons Rings
More informationAsteroids, Comets and Meteorites
Asteroids, Comets and Meteorites Perseid meteor shower courtesy NASA Eros: courtesy NASA Comet McNaught in 2007 by Aberdeen Astronomical Society member Phil Hart, in Melbourne What is an Asteroid? View
More informationName Class Date. Chapter 29. The Solar System. Review Choose the best response. Write the letter of that choice in the space provided.
The Solar System Review Choose the best response. Write the letter of that choice in the space provided. 1. Ptolemy modified Aristotle s model of the universe to include a. Oort clouds. b. retrograde motion.
More informationSolar System Junk however, a large number of bodies were left over as Junk or the debris of planet building
Solar System Junk So far, we ve taken a brief look at the 8 planets of the solar system, their array of moons or natural satellites, and how we think such a system formed. Most of the material in the solar
More informationMaking a Solar System
Making a Solar System Learning Objectives! What are our Solar System s broad features? Where are asteroids, comets and each type of planet? Where is most of the mass? In what direction do planets orbit
More informationUNIT 3: Chapter 8: The Solar System (pages )
CORNELL NOTES Directions: You must create a minimum of 5 questions in this column per page (average). Use these to study your notes and prepare for tests and quizzes. Notes will be turned in to your teacher
More informationThe Coriolis effect. Why does the cloud spin? The Solar Nebula. Origin of the Solar System. Gravitational Collapse
Origin of the Solar System Our theory must explain the data 1. Large bodies in the Solar System have orderly motions. 2. There are two types of planets. small, rocky terrestrial planets large, hydrogen-rich
More information2010 Pearson Education, Inc. MAVEN launch yesterday
MAVEN launch yesterday Mars Atmosphere and Volatile EvolutioN (MAVEN) How is Mars losing its atmosphere now? How did Mars lose its atmosphere in the past? 1. Determine the role that loss of volatiles to
More informationAsteroids, Comets and Meteorites. What is an Asteroid? Asteroids discovered. Asteroid facts. Example Asteroids
Asteroids, Comets and Meteorites Perseid meteor shower courtesy NASA Eros: courtesy NASA What is an Asteroid? View from 50 km ~1.5 1.5 km Comet McNaught in 2007 by Aberdeen Astronomical Society member
More information3. The moon with the most substantial atmosphere in the Solar System is A) Iapetus B) Io C) Titan D) Triton E) Europa
Spring 2013 Astronomy - Test 2 Test form A Name Do not forget to write your name and fill in the bubbles with your student number, and fill in test form A on the answer sheet. Write your name above as
More informationThe Solar System LEARNING TARGETS. Scientific Language. Name Test Date Hour
Name Test Date Hour Astronomy#3 - Notebook The Solar System LEARNING TARGETS I can describe the objects that make up our solar system. I can identify the inner and outer planets. I can explain the difference
More informationBrooks Observatory telescope observing this week
Brooks Observatory telescope observing this week Mon. - Thurs., 7:30 9:15 PM MW, 7:30 8:45 PM TR See the class web page for weather updates. This evening s session is cancelled. Present your blue ticket
More informationEarth s Formation Unit [Astronomy] Student Success Sheets (SSS)
Page1 Earth s Formation Unit [Astronomy] Student Success Sheets (SSS) HS-ESSI-1; HS-ESS1-2; HS-ESS1-3; HS-ESSI-4 NGSS Civic Memorial High School - Earth Science A Concept # What we will be learning Mandatory
More informationGalaxies: enormous collections of gases, dust and stars held together by gravity Our galaxy is called the milky way
Celestial bodies are all of the natural objects in space ex. stars moons, planets, comets etc. Star: celestial body of hot gas that gives off light and heat the closest star to earth is the sun Planet:
More informationThe Solar System. Name Test Date Hour
Name Test Date Hour Astronomy#3 - Notebook The Solar System LEARNING TARGETS I can describe the objects that make up our solar system. I can identify the inner and outer planets. I can explain the difference
More informationSol o ar a r S yste t m e F o F r o m r at a i t on o The Ne N b e u b l u a a Hypothesis
Solar System Solar system- the sun and all objects that orbit the sun due to its gravity Solar System Formation The Nebula Hypothesis Parts of the Solar System Planet- a celestial body that is in orbit
More informationWhat is Earth Science?
What is Earth Science? A.EARTH SCIENCE: the study of Earth and its history B. Earth science is divided into 4 main branches: 1. Geology: study of the lithosphere 2. Oceanography: study of oceans 3. Meteorology:
More informationChapter 29. The Solar System. The Solar System. Section 29.1 Models of the Solar System notes Models of the Solar System
The Solar System Chapter 29 The Solar System Section 29.1 Models of the Solar System 29.1 notes Models of the Solar System Geocentric: : Earth-centered model of the solar system. (Everything revolves around
More informationAstr 1050 Wed., March. 22, 2017
Astr 1050 Wed., March. 22, 2017 Today: Chapter 12, Pluto and Debris March 24: Exam #2, Ch. 5-12 (9:00-9:50) March 27: Mastering Astronomy HW Chapter 11 & 12 1 Chapter 12: Meteorites, Asteroids, Comets
More informationRead each slide then use the red or some underlined words to complete the organizer.
Read each slide then use the red or some underlined words to complete the organizer. 1B Did it start as a bang! 1B The Expanding Universe A. The Big Bang Theory: Idea that all matter began in an infinitely
More informationThe Cosmic Perspective Seventh Edition. Asteroids, Comets, and Dwarf Planets: Their Nature, Orbits, and Impacts. Chapter 12 Lecture
Chapter 12 Lecture The Cosmic Perspective Seventh Edition Asteroids, Comets, and Dwarf Planets: Their Nature, Orbits, and Impacts Asteroids, Comets, and Dwarf Planets: Their Nature, Orbits, and Impacts
More informationOther worlds. Innumerable suns exist;
Innumerable suns exist; Other worlds innumerable earths revolve around these suns in a manner similar to the way the seven planets revolve around our Sun. Living beings inhabit these worlds. Giordano Bruno
More informationAg Earth Science Chapter 23
Ag Earth Science Chapter 23 Chapter 23.1 Vocabulary Any of the Earth- like planets, including Mercury, Venus, and Earth terrestrial planet Jovian planet The Jupiter- like planets: Jupiter, Saturn, Uranus,
More information