GEOLOGY 12 CHAPTER 22 WORKSHEET COMPARATIVE PLANETOLOGY INTRODUCTION (VIDEO) Name

Transcription

1 GEOLOGY 12 CHAPTER 22 WORKSHEET COMPARATIVE PLANETOLOGY Name References: Video: Overview of the Solar System (Standard Deviants 30 minutes) Text: pages and CDROM (Library): Exploring the Planets-Advanced Level INTRODUCTION (VIDEO) Record 2 or 3 distinguishing characteristics (i.e. no atmosphere, cratered, volcanoes, direction of rotation, etc.) for each planet and their major moons. (Note: 1 A.U. or astronomical unit = the distance from the Earth to the Sun) Mercury Venus Mars Jupiter Saturn Uranus Neptune Pluto

2 THE NEBULAR THEORY TEXT (and CDROM Exploring the Planets: Introduction ) The basic premise of the Nebular Model or Theory is that planets vary in their composition as a consequence of their distance from the sun, and, their development was a result of this composition and their size. Use the information on page 166, and 486 to explain why the planets are classified as terrestrial (inner) and Jovian (outer).

3 PLANETARY PROCESSES (see CDROM Exploring the Planets ) From the main menu choose Planetary Processes. Read the captions for each of the following processes. (An excellent review opportunity!) Click on the Link to Planet button when it flashes to explore photos of these features and make note of the planets and moons that exhibit evidence of these processes. A. LANDSLIDES B. VOLCANISM Shield Volcanoes Composite Volcanoes Cinder Cones Caldera C. FLOWING WATER Canyons Flood Channels D. WIND Desert Pavement Dunes E. IMPACT CRATERING (Craters) F. TECTONICS Strike-Slip Faults Folding Normal Faults / Fault Blocks / Graben + Horsts

4 PHOTO REVIEW OF GEOLOGIC FEATURES Go to the Belmont Geology website. Find the Comparative Planetology section on the Photo Review page. Click on the photo links and briefly describe the major geologic features shown. 1. NASA's Welcome to the Planets and Solar System Summary Mercury Venus Earth Mars Asteroid Belt Jupiter Saturn Uranus Neptune Pluto Kiuper Belt Oort Cloud 2. Landslides Earth1 Earth2 Moon Mars 3. Volcanism Earth Venus Mars Io Chart 4. Flowing Water Earth Mars

5 Mudcracks Earth vs Mars 6. Wind Earth Mars 7. Impact Craters Mercury Venus Earth1 Earth2 Moon Mars Asteroids Jupiter 8. Tectonics Earth Ganymede Complete the following Provincial Exam questions. 8 COMPARATIVE PLANETOLOGY PHOTO REVIEW OF GEOLOGIC FEATURES

6 53. All of the following may be used as criteria for distinguishing the inner planets from the outer planets except A. size. B. density. C. orbital period. D. orbital direction. 54. Which of the following is best explained by the Nebular Hypothesis of the solar system s formation? A. Some planets do not have an atmosphere. B. Most planets have cooler surface temperatures than Earth. C. Some outer planets have higher internal temperatures than inner planets. D. Inner planets have rocky compositions, outer planets have gaseous compositions. 55. The best reason for a lack of cratering on Venus, is that Venus has a(n) A. acidic atmosphere. B. weak magnetic field. C. variety of active geologic processes. D. weaker gravitational pull than Earth.

7 53. The most heavily cratered solid bodies in the solar system also have the A. deepest oceans. B. thickest atmospheres. C. least tectonic activity. D. highest internal temperatures. 54. Which of the following solar system bodies shows evidence of flowing water at some time in its history? A. Mars B. Moon C. Venus D. Jupiter 55. The Nebular Model of the origin of the solar system suggests that the outer planets consist of lighter, easily evaporated materials because these materials would condense where A. pressures were lower. B. pressures were higher. C. temperatures were lower. D. temperatures were higher.

8 Use the following sketch of a section of the moonõs surface, which shows a variety of geological features, to answer question 53. V Z W Y Y and W impact craters 50 km X V Basalt lava flow X Sinuous rille Z Highly cratered terrain 53. The most likely order of ages of the moonõs geological features, from oldest to youngest, is A. V, Z, Y, X, W B. V, Y, W, Z, X C. Z, Y, V, X, W D. Z, V, Y, W, X 54. The surface of Mars shows evidence of running water. Which of the following is least likely to be found on Mars? A. coal B. shale C. sandstone D. conglomerate 55. The feature that all of the planets have in common is A. their average density. B. their surface temperature. C. the number of moons orbiting each. D. the direction of revolution around the sun.

9 Use the following image of Mars to answer question 53. NASA/National Space Science Data Center 53. Which of the following geologic processes is indicated by the branching patterns shown in the image of the Martian surface? A. cratering B. volcanism C. wind erosion D. stream erosion

10 11. Describe three characteristics of the planets of our solar system, other than distance from the sun, that justify their classification into inner and outer groups. As there is some question at this time whether Pluto is a planet, omit Pluto from your answer. (3 marks) CHARACTERISTIC INNER PLANETS OUTER PLANETS Example: Distance from the sun. Four inner planets are closer to the sun. Outer planets are farther away from the sun than inner planets are

11 REFERENCE DATA ÊBOOKLET Refer to page x of the Data Booklet. Use the Basic Data on the Solar System chart to answer question a) Density can be used to divide the planets into two groups: the inner and outer planets. What difference in composition would account for the difference in density of the two groups? (1 mark) b) Describe how the Nebular Theory of the origin of the solar system explains the difference in density between the inner and outer planets. (1 mark)

12 REFERENCE DATA BOOKLET For question 54, refer to the following in the Data Booklet. page xii: Basic Data on the Solar System 54. Which of the following is not consistent with the Nebular Model for the origin of the solar system? A. Each planet rotates about its axis. B. The outer planets have a higher density. C. The planets revolve in the same direction. D. All planets revolve approximately in the same plane. 55. All of the following can be found on the earth and the moon except A. metallic cores. B. impact craters. C. basaltic plains. D. active volcanoes.