Tuesday, January 17, 2017 Welcome to Investigative Science with Mr. Fireng

Size: px
Start display at page:

Download "Tuesday, January 17, 2017 Welcome to Investigative Science with Mr. Fireng"

Transcription

1 conservation of the big bang theory regarding formation of the and everything in it. Tuesday, January 7, 07 Welcome to Investigative Science with Mr. Fireng. Get out your stampsheet/warm-up packet. Get out your interactive journal. Take out homework from binder and put on desk (this may be in your interactive journal).. Get out agenda from binder. Write your homework for the next day in your agenda, fold agenda back and leave open your agenda open on you desk. 5. Put Binder Away (in backpack or underdesk) Start warm up. If you are not ready and working at the end of the -min drill you will lose your participation points. Tuesday, January 7, 07

2 conservation of the big bang theory regarding formation of the and everything in it. Our Place in the Universe What is our Universe made of? How big are things? How far away? How do we know?

3 conservation of the big bang theory regarding formation of the and everything in it. What is our Universe made of? Stars and planets Gas and dust Organized into star clusters Organized into nebulae Organized into galaxies Other things: Black holes Dark Dark energy

4 conservation of the big bang theory regarding formation of the and everything in it. Asteroids: small, airless rocky worlds revolving around the sun that are too small to be called planets.

5 conservation of the big bang theory regarding formation of the and everything in it. Asteroid Facts Asteroids are rocky leftovers of planet formation. Largest is Ceres, diameter ~,000 km 50,000 in catalogs, and probably over a million with diameter > km. Small asteroids are more common than large asteroids. All the asteroids in the solar system wouldn t add up to even a small terrestrial planet. It is assumed other solar systems have asteroids, but we can see them. Meteoroids are different, much smaller

6 Asteroid Belt Learning goal: Learning goal: To understand how the law of conservation of the big bang theory regarding formation of the and everything in it. Asteroid Belt where most asteroids are. At distance between and.5 AU, between Mars and Jupiter Three asteroids have diameter more than 00 km About 00 asteroids are bigger than 00 km Thousands of asteroids with diameters larger than km The vast majority are less than km

7 conservation of the big bang theory regarding formation of the and everything in it. Comets An icy body that releases gas or dust. They are often compared to dirty snowballs, though recent research has led some scientists to call them snowy dirtballs.

8 conservation of the big bang theory regarding formation of the and everything in it. Tuesday, January 7, 07

9 conservation of the big bang theory regarding formation of the and everything in it. Comet Facts Formed beyond the frost line, comets are icy counterparts to asteroids. Dirty snowballs = the nucleus Most comets do not have tails. Most comets remain perpetually frozen in the outer solar system. Only a few enter the inner solar system, where they can grow tails.

10 conservation of the big bang theory regarding formation of the and everything in it. Famous Comets: Halley's Comet Halley's Comet is arguably the most famous comet. It is a "periodic" comet and returns to Earth's vicinity about every 75 years, making it possible for a human to see it twice in his or her lifetime. The last time it was here was in 986, and it is projected to return in 06

11 conservation of the big bang theory regarding formation of the and everything in it. Famous Comets: Comet Hale Bopp Comet Hale Bopp (formally designated C/995 O) was perhaps the most widely observed comet of the 0th century and one of the brightest seen for many decades. It was visible to the naked eye for a record 8 months, twice as long as the previous record holder, the Great Comet of 8.

12 conservation of the big bang theory regarding formation of the and everything in it. Famous Comets: Comet Hale Bopp Heaven's Gate was an American UFO religious Millenarian group. Police discovered the bodies of 9 members of the group who had committed mass suicide in order to reach what they believed was an alien space craft following Comet Hale Bopp.

13 conservation of the big bang theory regarding formation of the and everything in it. Famous Comets: Rosetta Comet We landed a spacecraft on a comet!! The U.S. made the first landings on the Moon and Mars, but the European Space Agency claimed a spot in space history on Wednesday by landing its Rosetta drone on a comet after the probe traveled billion miles during a decade.

14 conservation of the big bang theory regarding formation of the and everything in it. Planets A body in orbit around a star. Three conditions are required for planethood:. A planet must orbit a star,. be large enough so that its own gravity molds it into a spherical shape,. and it must have an orbit free of other small objects (like comets or asteroids)

15 conservation of the big bang theory regarding formation of the and everything in it. Odd orbit. Planets: What happen to Pluto?? Three conditions are required for planethood:. A planet must orbit a star,. be large enough so that its own gravity molds it into a spherical shape,. It must have an orbit free of other small objects (like comets or asteroids). The planet must have "cleared the neighborhood" Shares its orbital neighborhood with Kuiper belt objects such as the plutinos (big asteroids)

16 conservation of the big bang theory regarding formation of the and everything in it. Planets The order of the planets from closest to the Sun outwards is; Mercury, Venus, Earth, Mars, Jupiter, Saturn, Uranus and finally Neptune.

17 conservation of the big bang theory regarding formation of the and everything in it. "Goldilocks zone" the region around a star where a planet with sufficient atmospheric pressure can maintain liquid water on its surface On November, 0, astronomers reported, based on Kepler data, that there could be as many as 0 billion Earth-sized planets orbiting in the habitable zones of Sun-like stars and red dwarfs in the Milky Way alone!

18 conservation of the big bang theory regarding formation of the and everything in it. Tuesday, January 7, 07

19 conservation of the big bang theory regarding formation of the and everything in it. Planets Terrestrial Planets The Terrestrial, or rocky planets in our solar system orbit relatively close to the Sun. There are four terrestrial planets: Mercury, Venus, Earth and Mars

20 conservation of the big bang theory regarding formation of the and everything in it. Planets: Gas Giants Gas Giants Gas giants are large planets that contain more than 0 times the mass of Earth. Their compositions are mostly gases, such as hydrogen, and small amounts of

21 conservation of the big bang theory regarding formation of the and everything in it. Satellite (or moon): Any object that moves in a curved path around a planet. The smaller body is held in orbit by the planet s gravity.

22 conservation of the big bang theory regarding formation of the and everything in it. Satellite (or moon) As of October 008, there are 76 known natural moons orbiting planets in our Solar System.

23 conservation of the big bang theory regarding formation of the and everything in it. Satellite (or moon) How are they formed? The commonly accepted theory is that the moon was formed ~.5 billion years ago, about 0 50 million years after the origin of the Solar System, out of debris thrown into orbit by a massive collision between a smaller proto-earth and another planetoid, about the size of Mars.

24 conservation of the big bang theory regarding formation of the and everything in it. Stars A luminous ball of gas, deriving its energy from nuclear reactions in its interior. Our Sun is the nearest star. A star is held together by own gravity.

25 conservation of the big bang theory regarding formation of the and everything in it.

26 conservation of the big bang theory regarding formation of the and everything in it. Types of Stars Big Small Red Blue Yellow In groups

27 conservation of the big bang theory regarding formation of the and everything in it. Nebula A giant glowing cloud made up of dust and gas. Thought to be where solar systems and stars are born. A nebula is only seen when illuminated by bright stars nearby. Crab Nebula

28 A Perfect Storm of Turbulent Gases in the Omega/Swan Nebula The Cat's Eye Nebula: Dying Star Creates Fantasy-like Sculpture of Gas and Dust Gas Pillars in the Eagle Nebula: Pillars of Creation in a Star-Forming Region The Spirograph Nebula The Cone Nebula Horsehead Nebula Veil Nebula

29 conservation of the big bang theory regarding formation of the and everything in it. Nebula: Star Nurseries A large amount of gas and dust spread out in an immense volume in the nebula In the nebula gravity begins to pull some of the gas and dust together and it becomes more and more dense. The contracting gas and dust become so hot that nuclear fusion starts and enormous amounts of energy are released. A star is created! Crab Nebula

30 conservation of the big bang theory regarding formation of the and everything in it. Galaxies Immense systems containing billions of stars. Astronomers have estimated that the could contain 0 to 50 billion galaxies. Galaxies have different shapes: some are spiral, others are elliptical, or oval-shaped, and some are irregular

31 conservation of the big bang theory regarding formation of the and everything in it. Hubble Deep field

32 conservation of the big bang theory regarding formation of the and everything in it. Spiral galaxy

33 conservation of the big bang theory regarding formation of the and everything in it. Elliptical Galaxies

34 conservation of the big bang theory regarding formation of the and everything in it. Irregular Galaxies

35 conservation of the big bang theory regarding formation of the and everything in it. Black holes The final phase of some stars, in which gravity sucks the star in on itself it implodes rather than explodes. This makes it so dense that not even light can escape its gravitational field. Often form in the center of galaxies.

36 conservation of the big bang theory regarding formation of the and everything in it. Black holes: The Cosmic Vacuum Cleaner? No, People think of a black hole as being the s vacuum cleaner, sucking up everything within its path. As dramatic and as cool as it may sound, it is not quite true. When we look out into the, we find that most galaxies have a supermassive black hole at their cores.

37 conservation of the big bang theory regarding formation of the and everything in it. Quasars Believed to be the oldest, most distant objects in the. Despite their small size they produce tremendous amounts of light and microwave radiation: not much bigger than Earth's solar system, they pour out 00 to,000 times as much light as an entire galaxy containing a hundred billion stars.

38 conservation of the big bang theory regarding formation of the and everything in it.

39 conservation of the big bang theory regarding formation of the and everything in it. Tuesday, January 7, 07 Learning goal: Learning goal: To understand how the law of conservation of the big bang theory regarding formation of the and everything in it. Learning scale: Know the law of conservation of and the law of conservation of energy Describe the Big Bang as of the. Apply the law of conservation of the as an system that converts but does not create and energy. Apply data and further concepts of scientific research to show that in the is moving further apart.

40 conservation of the big bang theory regarding formation of the and everything in it. What is Cosmology? What is the modern thought in cosmology? What is the Doppler effect? What is red shift/blue shift What is Hubble s law? What is the big bang theory? What is Cosmic Microwave Background Radiation? Cosmology Summary

41 conservation of the big bang theory regarding formation of the and everything in it. Tuesday, January 7, 07 Learning goal: Learning goal: To understand how the law of conservation of the big bang theory regarding formation of the and everything in it. Learning scale: Know the law of conservation of and the law of conservation of energy Describe the Big Bang as of the. Apply the law of conservation of the as an system that converts but does not create and energy. Apply data and further concepts of scientific research to show that in the is moving further apart.

42 conservation of the big bang theory regarding formation of the and everything in it. What is Cosmology? The study of the origin and development of the.

43 conservation of the big bang theory regarding formation of the and everything in it. What is Cosmology? So how did the begin?

44 conservation of the big bang theory regarding formation of the and everything in it. What is Cosmology? Modern thought in cosmology is that the was born at a specific time and has been ever since

45 conservation of the big bang theory regarding formation of the and everything in it. What is Cosmology? So where is the evidence?

46 conservation of the big bang theory regarding formation of the and everything in it. Edwin Hubble 99 Studied light given off by galaxies. Proposed Hubble s Law after studying these galaxies. Demonstrated that galaxies are all moving apart.

47 conservation of the big bang theory regarding formation of the and everything in it. Edwin Hubble 99 Studied light given off by galaxies. Proposed Hubble s Law after studying these galaxies. Demonstrated that galaxies are all moving apart.

48 conservation of the big bang theory regarding formation of the and everything in it. Edwin Hubble How did he know galaxies were moving away from us? Demonstrated that galaxies are all moving apart.

49 conservation of the big bang theory regarding formation of the and everything in it. Tuesday, January 7, 07 Energy travels in waves

50 conservation of the big bang theory regarding formation of the and everything in it. Tuesday, January 7, 07 The Doppler Effect: an increase (or decrease) in the frequency of sound, light, or other waves as the source and observer move toward (or away from) each other

51 conservation of the big bang theory regarding formation of the and everything in it. Tuesday, January 7, 07 The Doppler Effect: Sound waves

52 conservation of the big bang theory regarding formation of the and everything in it.

53 conservation of the big bang theory regarding formation of the and everything in it. Tuesday, January 7, 07 The Doppler Effect: Light Waves

54 Astronomy and the Doppler Shift Learning goal: Learning goal: To understand how the law of conservation of the big bang theory regarding formation of the and everything in it. Redshift: The wavelength of an object moving away is at a lower frequency and is shifted towards the red end of the spectrum. Red shift=moving away Blue Shift: The wavelength of an object moving TOWARDS you is at a higher frequency and is shifted towards the blue end of the spectrum. Blue shift=moving towards

55 conservation of the big bang theory regarding formation of the and everything in it. Tuesday, January 7, 07 What does this bumper sticker mean?

56 conservation of the big bang theory regarding formation of the and everything in it. Edwin Hubble Hobble observed that all galaxies gave off light in the Red part of the spectrum! Demonstrated that galaxies are all moving apart.

57 conservation of the big bang theory regarding formation of the and everything in it. Hubble s Law All Galaxies exhibit redshifts of spectral lines The farther away a galaxy is from us, the faster it travels away from us

58 conservation of the big bang theory regarding formation of the and everything in it. Hubble s Law

59 conservation of the big bang theory regarding formation of the and everything in it. Hubble s Law: What does that have to do with the origins of the? Hubble's states that all galaxies are going forward in time.. So.. What about the past? If you go back, back in time.. It must have all been in one small infinitely dense mass which must have expanded into the..

60 conservation of the big bang theory regarding formation of the and everything in it.

61 conservation of the big bang theory regarding formation of the and everything in it. Big Bang Theory The Big Bang Theory was first proposed in the late 90 s. It states that there was an infinitely small, infinitely dense point that contained everything that is the. It was incredibly dense and hot. The Big Bang is believed to have occurred between 0 and 5 billion years ago. (Most scientists agree that the is.7 billion years old.)

62 conservation of the big bang theory regarding formation of the and everything in it. Misconceptions about the Big Bang There was no BANG! there was (and continues to be) an Rather than imagining a balloon popping and releasing its contents, imagine a balloon : an infinitesimally small balloon to the size of our current We tend to image the big bang as something that happen in space. The big bang was the beginning of space, so before the big bang there was no space. Boo.

63 conservation of the big bang theory regarding formation of the and everything in it. Tuesday, January 7, 07 Cosmic Microwave Background Radiation (CMBR) The Big Bang: Other Evidence:

64 conservation of the big bang theory regarding formation of the and everything in it. Cosmic Microwave Background Radiation (CMBR) Color is related to temperature An animal, or a human body, for example, emits some infrared radiation that can be detected by an infrared camera

65 conservation of the big bang theory regarding formation of the and everything in it. Cosmic Microwave Background Radiation (CMBR) If the started from a hot beginning and has been cooling off ever since, it would now be at a temperature of about degree C above absolute zero. A body at that temperature emits microwaves, and it is this radiation that we detect on earth.

66 conservation of the big bang theory regarding formation of the and everything in it. Cosmic Microwave Background Radiation (CMBR) No what direction you look from Earth, Microwave radiation from deep space is raining down. So, the big-bang must have taken place at the same time everywhere.

67 conservation of the big bang theory regarding formation of the and everything in it. Cosmic Microwave Background Radiation (CMBR) But we can also observe small fluctuations of temperature, that may have lead to the formation of the galaxies

68 conservation of the big bang theory regarding formation of the and everything in it. Cosmic Microwave Background Radiation (CMBR) Radiation from deep space left over from the time of the Big Bang. This is evidence that the big-bang must have taken place at the same time everywhere in the.

69 conservation of the big bang theory regarding formation of the and everything in it. Tuesday, January 7, 07 The Big Bang: Other Evidence: ) So many light elements! He, H and Li ) Quasars ) Radioactive decay ) Stellar formation and evolution 5) Speed of light and stellar distances

70 conservation of the big bang theory regarding formation of the and everything in it. Observation Almost all galaxies are red-shifted. The most distant galaxies exhibit the greatest redshift. The ratio of recessional velocity to distance is between 50 and 00 km/s per kiloparsec and is called the Hubble Constant. The Cosmic Background Explorer (COBE) found that the temperature of intergalactic space was not zero. Inference Almost all galaxies are moving away from the Milky Way. The most distant galaxies are moving away the fastest. The Universe has been for 8 to 5 billion years. The has not yet cooled from the rapid Big Bang. Tuesday, January 7, 07

The Universe and Galaxies

The Universe and Galaxies The Universe and Galaxies 16.1 http://dingo.care-mail.com/cards/flash/5409/galaxy.swf Universe The sum of all matter and energy that exists, that has ever existed, and that will ever exist. We will focus

More information

The Big Bang Theory (page 854)

The Big Bang Theory (page 854) Name Class Date Space Homework Packet Homework #1 Hubble s Law (pages 852 853) 1. How can astronomers use the Doppler effect? 2. The shift in the light of a galaxy toward the red wavelengths is called

More information

The Solar System. Name Test Date Hour

The Solar System. Name Test Date Hour Name Test Date Hour Astronomy#3 - Notebook The Solar System LEARNING TARGETS I can describe the objects that make up our solar system. I can identify the inner and outer planets. I can explain the difference

More information

The Solar System LEARNING TARGETS. Scientific Language. Name Test Date Hour

The Solar System LEARNING TARGETS. Scientific Language. Name Test Date Hour Name Test Date Hour Astronomy#3 - Notebook The Solar System LEARNING TARGETS I can describe the objects that make up our solar system. I can identify the inner and outer planets. I can explain the difference

More information

What is the solar system?

What is the solar system? Notes Astronomy What is the solar system? 11.1 Structure of the Solar System Our solar system includes planets and dwarf planets, their moons, a star called the Sun, asteroids and comets. Planets, dwarf

More information

Universe Celestial Object Galaxy Solar System

Universe Celestial Object Galaxy Solar System ASTRONOMY Universe- Includes all known matter (everything). Celestial Object Any object outside or above Earth s atmosphere. Galaxy- A large group (billions) of stars (held together by gravity). Our galaxy

More information

What is Earth Science?

What is Earth Science? What is Earth Science? A.EARTH SCIENCE: the study of Earth and its history B. Earth science is divided into 4 main branches: 1. Geology: study of the lithosphere 2. Oceanography: study of oceans 3. Meteorology:

More information

Cosmic Microwave Background Radiation

Cosmic Microwave Background Radiation Base your answers to questions 1 and 2 on the passage below and on your knowledge of Earth Science. Cosmic Microwave Background Radiation In the 1920s, Edwin Hubble's discovery of a pattern in the red

More information

Answers. The Universe. Year 10 Science Chapter 6

Answers. The Universe. Year 10 Science Chapter 6 Answers The Universe Year 10 Science Chapter 6 p133 1 The universe is considered to be the whole of all matter, energy, planets, solar systems, galaxies, and space. Many definitions of the universe also

More information

CST Prep- 8 th Grade Astronomy

CST Prep- 8 th Grade Astronomy CST Prep- 8 th Grade Astronomy Chapter 15 (Part 1) 1. The theory of how the universe was created is called the 2. Which equation states that matter and energy are interchangeable? 3. All matter in the

More information

Introduction to Astronomy

Introduction to Astronomy Introduction to Astronomy Have you ever wondered what is out there in space besides Earth? As you see the stars and moon, many questions come up with the universe, possibility of living on another planet

More information

Coriolis Effect - the apparent curved paths of projectiles, winds, and ocean currents

Coriolis Effect - the apparent curved paths of projectiles, winds, and ocean currents Regents Earth Science Unit 5: Astronomy Models of the Universe Earliest models of the universe were based on the idea that the Sun, Moon, and planets all orbit the Earth models needed to explain how the

More information

Earth in the Universe Unit Notes

Earth in the Universe Unit Notes Earth in the Universe Unit Notes The Universe - everything everywhere, 15-20 billion years old Inside the universe there are billions of Galaxies Inside each Galaxy there are billions of Solar Systems

More information

LESSON 1. Solar System

LESSON 1. Solar System Astronomy Notes LESSON 1 Solar System 11.1 Structure of the Solar System axis of rotation period of rotation period of revolution ellipse astronomical unit What is the solar system? 11.1 Structure of the

More information

Directed Reading A. Section: The Life Cycle of Stars TYPES OF STARS THE LIFE CYCLE OF SUNLIKE STARS A TOOL FOR STUDYING STARS.

Directed Reading A. Section: The Life Cycle of Stars TYPES OF STARS THE LIFE CYCLE OF SUNLIKE STARS A TOOL FOR STUDYING STARS. Skills Worksheet Directed Reading A Section: The Life Cycle of Stars TYPES OF STARS (pp. 444 449) 1. Besides by mass, size, brightness, color, temperature, and composition, how are stars classified? a.

More information

Joy of Science Experience the evolution of the Universe, Earth and Life

Joy of Science Experience the evolution of the Universe, Earth and Life Joy of Science Experience the evolution of the Universe, Earth and Life Review Introduction Main contents Quiz Unless otherwise noted, all pictures are taken from wikipedia.org Review 1 The presence of

More information

TEACHER BACKGROUND INFORMATION

TEACHER BACKGROUND INFORMATION TEACHER BACKGROUND INFORMATION (The Universe) A. THE UNIVERSE: The universe encompasses all matter in existence. According to the Big Bang Theory, the universe was formed 10-20 billion years ago from a

More information

WHAT WE KNOW. Scientists observe that every object in the universe is moving away from each other. Objects furthest away are moving the fastest. So..

WHAT WE KNOW. Scientists observe that every object in the universe is moving away from each other. Objects furthest away are moving the fastest. So.. ASTRONOMY THE BIG BANG THEORY WHAT WE KNOW Scientists observe that every object in the universe is moving away from each other. Objects furthest away are moving the fastest. So.. WHAT DOES THIS MEAN? If

More information

Astronomy 1504 Section 10 Final Exam Version 1 May 6, 1999

Astronomy 1504 Section 10 Final Exam Version 1 May 6, 1999 Astronomy 1504 Section 10 Final Exam Version 1 May 6, 1999 Reminder: When I write these questions, I believe that there is one one correct answer. The questions consist of all parts a e. Read the entire

More information

Introduction to the Universe

Introduction to the Universe What makes up the Universe? Introduction to the Universe Book page 642-644 Objects in the Universe Astrophysics is the science that tries to make sense of the universe by - describing the Universe (Astronomy)

More information

Study Guide Chapter 2

Study Guide Chapter 2 Section: Stars Pages 32-38 Study Guide Chapter 2 Circle the letter of the best answer for each question. 1. What do scientists study to learn about stars? a. gravity c. space b. starlight d. colors COLOR

More information

The Universe. What is it? What is in it? How did it form? How will it end? How do we know?

The Universe. What is it? What is in it? How did it form? How will it end? How do we know? The Universe What is it? What is in it? How did it form? How will it end? How do we know? What is your place in the Universe? What is the universe? a. The study of the universe its nature, origins, and

More information

Beyond Our Solar System Chapter 24

Beyond Our Solar System Chapter 24 Beyond Our Solar System Chapter 24 PROPERTIES OF STARS Distance Measuring a star's distance can be very difficult Stellar parallax Used for measuring distance to a star Apparent shift in a star's position

More information

8/30/2010. Classifying Stars. Classifying Stars. Classifying Stars

8/30/2010. Classifying Stars. Classifying Stars. Classifying Stars Classifying Stars In the early 1900s, Ejnar Hertzsprung and Henry Russell made some important observations. They noticed that, in general, stars with higher temperatures also have brighter absolute magnitudes.

More information

LESSON topic: formation of the solar system Solar system formation Star formation Models of the solar system Planets in our solar system

LESSON topic: formation of the solar system Solar system formation Star formation Models of the solar system Planets in our solar system Unit 2 Lesson 1 LESSON topic: formation of the solar system - Solar system formation - Star formation - Models of the solar system - Planets in our solar system Big bang theory Origin of the universe According

More information

The Outer Planets. Video Script: The Outer Planets. Visual Learning Company

The Outer Planets. Video Script: The Outer Planets. Visual Learning Company 11 Video Script: 1. For thousands of years people have looked up at the night sky pondering the limits of our solar system. 2. Perhaps you too, have looked up at the evening stars and planets, and wondered

More information

Cosmology, Galaxies, and Stars OUR VISIBLE UNIVERSE

Cosmology, Galaxies, and Stars OUR VISIBLE UNIVERSE Cosmology, Galaxies, and Stars OUR VISIBLE UNIVERSE Cosmology Cosmology is the study of the universe; its nature, origin and evolution. General Relativity is the mathematical basis of cosmology from which

More information

Prentice Hall EARTH SCIENCE

Prentice Hall EARTH SCIENCE Prentice Hall EARTH SCIENCE Tarbuck Lutgens Chapter 25 Beyond Our Solar System 25.1 Properties of Stars Characteristics of Stars A constellation is an apparent group of stars originally named for mythical

More information

Pluto. Touring our Solar System. September 08, The Solar System.notebook. Solar System includes: Sun 8 planets Asteroids Comets Meteoroids

Pluto. Touring our Solar System. September 08, The Solar System.notebook. Solar System includes: Sun 8 planets Asteroids Comets Meteoroids Touring our Solar System Solar System includes: Sun 8 planets Asteroids Comets Meteoroids Jan 4 5:48 PM Jan 4 5:50 PM A planet's orbit lies in an inclined orbital plane Planes of seven planets lie within

More information

Starting from closest to the Sun, name the orbiting planets in order.

Starting from closest to the Sun, name the orbiting planets in order. Chapter 9 Section 1: Our Solar System Solar System: The solar system includes the sun, planets and many smaller structures. A planet and its moon(s) make up smaller systems in the solar system. Scientist

More information

Introduction to the Universe. What makes up the Universe?

Introduction to the Universe. What makes up the Universe? Introduction to the Universe What makes up the Universe? Objects in the Universe Astrophysics is the science that tries to make sense of the universe by - describing the Universe (Astronomy) - understanding

More information

Stars & Galaxies. Chapter 27, Section 1. Composition & Temperature. Chapter 27 Modern Earth Science Characteristics of Stars

Stars & Galaxies. Chapter 27, Section 1. Composition & Temperature. Chapter 27 Modern Earth Science Characteristics of Stars Stars & Galaxies Chapter 27 Modern Earth Science Chapter 27, Section 1 27.1 Characteristics of Stars Composition & Temperature Scientists use the following tools to study stars Telescope Observation Spectral

More information

Learning About Our Solar System

Learning About Our Solar System Learning About Our Solar System By debbie Routh COPYRIGHT 2004 Mark Twain Media, Inc. ISBN 978-1-58037-876-5 Printing No. 404007-EB Mark Twain Media, Inc., Publishers Distributed by Carson-Dellosa Publishing

More information

CHAPTER 11. We continue to Learn a lot about the Solar System by using Space Exploration

CHAPTER 11. We continue to Learn a lot about the Solar System by using Space Exploration CHAPTER 11 We continue to Learn a lot about the Solar System by using Space Exploration Section 11.1 The Sun page 390 -Average sized star -Millions of km away -300,000 more massive then Earth, 99% of all

More information

Galaxies: enormous collections of gases, dust and stars held together by gravity Our galaxy is called the milky way

Galaxies: enormous collections of gases, dust and stars held together by gravity Our galaxy is called the milky way Celestial bodies are all of the natural objects in space ex. stars moons, planets, comets etc. Star: celestial body of hot gas that gives off light and heat the closest star to earth is the sun Planet:

More information

Stars & Galaxies. Chapter 27 Modern Earth Science

Stars & Galaxies. Chapter 27 Modern Earth Science Stars & Galaxies Chapter 27 Modern Earth Science Chapter 27, Section 1 27.1 Characteristics of Stars How do astronomers determine the composition and surface temperature of a star? Composition & Temperature

More information

1UNIT. The Universe. What do you remember? Key language. Content objectives

1UNIT. The Universe. What do you remember? Key language. Content objectives 1UNIT The Universe What do you remember? What are the points of light in this photo? What is the difference between a star and a planet? a moon and a comet? Content objectives In this unit, you will Learn

More information

Astronomy. physics.wm.edu/~hancock/171/ A. Dayle Hancock. Small 239. Office hours: MTWR 10-11am

Astronomy.  physics.wm.edu/~hancock/171/ A. Dayle Hancock. Small 239. Office hours: MTWR 10-11am Astronomy A. Dayle Hancock adhancock@wm.edu Small 239 Office hours: MTWR 10-11am Planetology II Key characteristics Chemical elements and planet size Radioactive dating Solar system formation Solar nebula

More information

21/11/ /11/2017 Space Physics AQA Physics topic 8

21/11/ /11/2017 Space Physics AQA Physics topic 8 Space Physics AQA Physics topic 8 8.1 Solar System, Orbits and Satellites The eight planets of our Solar System Mercury Venus Earth Mars Jupiter Saturn Uranus Neptune As well as the eight planets, the

More information

Chapter 23: Touring Our Solar System

Chapter 23: Touring Our Solar System Chapter 23: Touring Our Solar System The Sun The is the center of our solar system. The Sun makes up of all the mass of our solar system. The Sun s force holds the planets in their orbits around the Sun.

More information

o Terms to know o Big Bang Theory o Doppler Effect o Redshift o Universe

o Terms to know o Big Bang Theory o Doppler Effect o Redshift o Universe Standard 1: Students will understand the scientific evidence that supports theories that explain how the universe and the solar system developed. They will compare Earth to other objects in the solar system.

More information

Cosmology Vocabulary

Cosmology Vocabulary Cosmology Vocabulary Vocabulary Words Terrestrial Planets The Sun Gravity Galaxy Lightyear Axis Comets Kuiper Belt Oort Cloud Meteors AU Nebula Solar System Cosmology Universe Coalescence Jovian Planets

More information

Earth s Formation Unit [Astronomy] Student Success Sheets (SSS)

Earth s Formation Unit [Astronomy] Student Success Sheets (SSS) Page1 Earth s Formation Unit [Astronomy] Student Success Sheets (SSS) HS-ESSI-1; HS-ESS1-2; HS-ESS1-3; HS-ESSI-4 NGSS Civic Memorial High School - Earth Science A Concept # What we will be learning Mandatory

More information

Lesson 3 THE SOLAR SYSTEM

Lesson 3 THE SOLAR SYSTEM Lesson 3 THE SOLAR SYSTEM THE NATURE OF THE SUN At the center of our solar system is the Sun which is a typical medium sized star. Composed mainly of Hydrogen (73% by mass), 23% helium and the rest is

More information

Stars and Galaxies 1

Stars and Galaxies 1 Stars and Galaxies 1 Characteristics of Stars 2 Star - body of gases that gives off great amounts of radiant energy as light and heat 3 Most stars look white but are actually different colors Antares -

More information

Plan. Questions? Syllabus; administrative details. Some Definitions. An Idea of Scale

Plan. Questions? Syllabus; administrative details. Some Definitions. An Idea of Scale Plan Questions? Syllabus; administrative details Some Definitions An Idea of Scale All material available from http://astroweb.case.edu/ssm/astr101/ which is the primary document for the course (not Canvas).

More information

A star is a massive sphere of gases with a core like a thermonuclear reactor. They are the most common celestial bodies in the universe are stars.

A star is a massive sphere of gases with a core like a thermonuclear reactor. They are the most common celestial bodies in the universe are stars. A star is a massive sphere of gases with a core like a thermonuclear reactor. They are the most common celestial bodies in the universe are stars. They radiate energy (electromagnetic radiation) from a

More information

Formation of the Universe & What is in Space? The Big Bang Theory and components of the Universe

Formation of the Universe & What is in Space? The Big Bang Theory and components of the Universe Formation of the Universe & What is in Space? The Big Bang Theory and components of the Universe The Big Bang Theory The Big Bang Theory The Big Bang Theory is the most widely accepted scientific explanation

More information

Astronomy Unit Notes Name:

Astronomy Unit Notes Name: Astronomy Unit Notes Name: (DO NOT LOSE!) To help with the planets order 1 My = M 2 V = Venus 3 Eager = E 4 M = Mars 5 Just = J 6 Served = Saturn 7 Us = Uranus 8 N = N 1 Orbit: The path (usually elliptical)

More information

The Universe in my pocket. The Solar System. Gloria Delgado Inglada. 4 No. 4. Instituto de Astronomía, UNAM, Mexico

The Universe in my pocket. The Solar System. Gloria Delgado Inglada. 4 No. 4. Instituto de Astronomía, UNAM, Mexico The Universe in my pocket The Solar System 4 No. 4 Gloria Delgado Inglada Instituto de Astronomía, UNAM, Mexico 2 The Solar System is composed of the Sun and of all the bodies travelling around it: planets,

More information

TABLE OF CONTENTS. click one to go to that page, or just go on. What is the Solar System? Neptune (Pluto) The Sun. Asteroids. Mercury.

TABLE OF CONTENTS. click one to go to that page, or just go on. What is the Solar System? Neptune (Pluto) The Sun. Asteroids. Mercury. The Solar System TABLE OF CONTENTS click one to go to that page, or just go on. What is the Solar System? The Sun Mercury Venus Earth Mars Jupiter Saturn Uranus Neptune (Pluto) Asteroids Meteors and Meteorites

More information

Chapter 28 Stars and Their Characteristics

Chapter 28 Stars and Their Characteristics Chapter 28 Stars and Their Characteristics Origin of the Universe Big Bang Theory about 10-20 bya all matter in the universe existed in a hot dense state about the size of an atom (tiny). That matter sort

More information

Figure 19.19: HST photo called Hubble Deep Field.

Figure 19.19: HST photo called Hubble Deep Field. 19.3 Galaxies and the Universe Early civilizations thought that Earth was the center of the universe. In the sixteenth century, we became aware that Earth is a small planet orbiting a medium-sized star.

More information

Astronomy Universe: all of space and everything in it

Astronomy Universe: all of space and everything in it Astronomy Universe: all of space and everything in it Most (90%) of the universe is made up of: dark matter: stuff we think is there due to amount of mass we think is there but is not detected by the instruments

More information

Space Notes 2. Covers Objectives 3, 4, and 8

Space Notes 2. Covers Objectives 3, 4, and 8 Space Notes 2 Covers Objectives 3, 4, and 8 Sun Average Size Star Sun 101 Sun s Mass almost 100 times the mass of all the planets combined. Most of the mass is hydrogen gas Thermonuclear Reaction Thermonuclear

More information

Unit 6 Lesson 4 What Are the Planets in Our Solar System? Copyright Houghton Mifflin Harcourt Publishing Company

Unit 6 Lesson 4 What Are the Planets in Our Solar System? Copyright Houghton Mifflin Harcourt Publishing Company Unit 6 Lesson 4 What Are the Planets in Our Solar System? What other objects are near Earth in this part of space? Earth and millions of other objects make up our solar system. In Our Corner of Space A

More information

Earth Science, 13e Tarbuck & Lutgens

Earth Science, 13e Tarbuck & Lutgens Earth Science, 13e Tarbuck & Lutgens Beyond Our Solar System Earth Science, 13e Chapter 24 Stanley C. Hatfield Southwestern Illinois College Properties of stars Distance Distances to the stars are very

More information

þ Tiered questions that probe lower and higher-order thinking þ Differentiated for upper elementary and intermediate students þ Addresses NGSS and

þ Tiered questions that probe lower and higher-order thinking þ Differentiated for upper elementary and intermediate students þ Addresses NGSS and þ Tiered questions that probe lower and higher-order thinking þ Differentiated for upper elementary and intermediate students þ Addresses NGSS and many state science standard concepts By Stephanie Elkowitz

More information

FCAT Review Space Science

FCAT Review Space Science FCAT Review Space Science The Law of Universal Gravitation The law of universal gravitation states that ALL matter in the universe attracts each other. Gravity is greatly impacted by both mass and distance

More information

Apparent Motion. How do celestial objects appear to move across the sky?

Apparent Motion. How do celestial objects appear to move across the sky? Apparent Motion How do celestial objects appear to move across the sky? 1 Apparent Motions Geocentric Universe - idea that Earth was at the center of the solar system Stars all rotate around the Earth

More information

Sun Mercury Venus. Earth Mars Jupiter

Sun Mercury Venus. Earth Mars Jupiter Sun Mercury Venus Earth Mars Jupiter Venus is the hottest planet in our solar system. The thick clouds on Venus hold the heat in. The sun s lights reflect off Venus s clouds making it look like the brightest

More information

Physical Science 1 Chapter 16 INTRODUCTION. Astronomy is the study of the universe, which includes all matter, energy, space and time.

Physical Science 1 Chapter 16 INTRODUCTION. Astronomy is the study of the universe, which includes all matter, energy, space and time. INTRODUCTION Astronomy is the study of the universe, which includes all matter, energy, space and time. Although the universe is vast and almost beyond imagination, much is known about its make-up and

More information

Formation of the Universe

Formation of the Universe A. The Universe 1. 2. 3. How did the universe begin? Only one exists or are there more? Composed of space and 100 billion galaxies A galaxy is a grouping of millions or billions of stars kept together

More information

Edwin Hubble Discovered galaxies other than the milky way. Galaxy:

Edwin Hubble Discovered galaxies other than the milky way. Galaxy: Edwin Hubble Discovered galaxies other than the milky way. Galaxy: A collection of stars, planets, gas, and dust that are held together by gravity. Our sun and planets are in the Milky Way He noticed that

More information

Which of the following planets are all made up of gas? When a planets orbit around the Sun looks like an oval, it s called a(n)

Which of the following planets are all made up of gas? When a planets orbit around the Sun looks like an oval, it s called a(n) When a planets orbit around the Sun looks like an oval, it s called a(n) - ellipse - circle - axis - rotation Which of the following planets are all made up of gas? - Venus, Mars, Saturn and Pluto - Jupiter,

More information

Which letter on the timeline best represents the time when scientists estimate that the Big Bang occurred? A) A B) B C) C D) D

Which letter on the timeline best represents the time when scientists estimate that the Big Bang occurred? A) A B) B C) C D) D 1. The red shift of light from most galaxies is evidence that A) most galaxies are moving away from Earth B) a majority of stars in most galaxies are red giants C) the light slows down as it nears Earth

More information

Ch 23 Touring Our Solar System 23.1 The Solar System 23.2 The Terrestrial Planet 23.3 The Outer Planets 23.4 Minor Members of the Solar System

Ch 23 Touring Our Solar System 23.1 The Solar System 23.2 The Terrestrial Planet 23.3 The Outer Planets 23.4 Minor Members of the Solar System Ch 23 Touring Our Solar System 23.1 The Solar System 23.2 The Terrestrial Planet 23.3 The Outer Planets 23.4 Minor Members of the Solar System Ch 23.1 The Solar System Terrestrial planets- Small Rocky

More information

~15 GA. (Giga Annum: Billion Years) today

~15 GA. (Giga Annum: Billion Years) today ~15 GA (Giga Annum: Billion Years) today ~ 300,000 years after the Big Bang The first map of the Universe. Not homogeneous. Cosmic microwave background (CMB) anisotropy. First detected by the COBE DMR

More information

Unit 1: The Earth in the Universe

Unit 1: The Earth in the Universe Unit 1: The Earth in the Universe 1. The Universe 1.1. First ideas about the Universe 1.2. Components and origin 1.3. Sizes and distances 2. The Solar System 3. The planet Earth 3.1. Movements of the Earth

More information

Chapter 06 Let s Make a Solar System

Chapter 06 Let s Make a Solar System like? Big picture. Chapter 06 Let s Make a Solar System How did it come to be this way? Where did it come from? Will I stop sounding like the Talking Heads? The solar system exhibits clear patterns of

More information

Chapter 25: Beyond our Solar System The Universe pp

Chapter 25: Beyond our Solar System The Universe pp Chapter 25: Beyond our Solar System 25.3 The Universe pp 715-721 The Milky Way Galaxy On a clear and moonless night, away from city lights, you might see a a band of light in the sky. This band is The

More information

OUR SOLAR SYSTEM. James Martin. Facebook.com/groups/AstroLSSC Twitter.com/AstroLSSC

OUR SOLAR SYSTEM. James Martin. Facebook.com/groups/AstroLSSC Twitter.com/AstroLSSC OUR SOLAR SYSTEM James Martin Facebook.com/groups/AstroLSSC Twitter.com/AstroLSSC It s time for the human race to enter the solar system. -Dan Quayle Structure of the Solar System Our Solar System contains

More information

The Formation of the Solar System

The Formation of the Solar System Earth and the Solar System The Formation of the Solar System Write a number beside each picture to rank each from the oldest (1) to the youngest (4). The universe includes everything that exists: all matter,

More information

Astronomy 103: First Exam

Astronomy 103: First Exam Name: Astronomy 103: First Exam Stephen Lepp October 27, 2010 Each question is worth 2 points. Write your name on this exam and on the scantron. 1 Short Answer A. What is the largest of the terrestrial

More information

Solar System Test Review

Solar System Test Review Solar System Test Review There are several planets in the solar system. What do all of these planets have in common? A.They all orbit the Sun. B. They are all close to the Moon. C.They are all called Earth.

More information

Astronomy 1001/1005 Midterm (200 points) Name:

Astronomy 1001/1005 Midterm (200 points) Name: Astronomy 1001/1005 Midterm (00 points) Name: Instructions: Mark your answers on this test AND your bubble sheet You will NOT get your bubble sheet back One page of notes and calculators are allowed Use

More information

Dwarf Planets and Other Objects

Dwarf Planets and Other Objects Lesson 4 Dwarf Planets and Other Objects LA.8.2.2.3, SC.8.E.5.1, SC.8.E.5.3, SC.8.E.5.7, SC.8.N.3.1 Skim or scan the heading, boldfaced words, and pictures in the lesson. Identify or predict three facts

More information

Name Date Period. 10. convection zone 11. radiation zone 12. core

Name Date Period. 10. convection zone 11. radiation zone 12. core 240 points CHAPTER 29 STARS SECTION 29.1 The Sun (40 points this page) In your textbook, read about the properties of the Sun and the Sun s atmosphere. Use each of the terms below just once to complete

More information

How did it come to be this way? Will I stop sounding like the

How did it come to be this way? Will I stop sounding like the Chapter 06 Let s Make a Solar System How did it come to be this way? Where did it come from? Will I stop sounding like the Talking Heads? What does the solar system look like? Big picture. The solar system

More information

ASTRONOMY. S6E1 a, b, c, d, e, f S6E2 a, b, c,

ASTRONOMY. S6E1 a, b, c, d, e, f S6E2 a, b, c, ASTRONOMY S6E1 a, b, c, d, e, f S6E2 a, b, c, UNIVERSE Age 13.7 billion years old The Big Bang Theory Protons and Neutrons formed hydrogen and helium. This created heat that formed the stars. Other elements

More information

Astronomy. Study of objects in space such as the Sun, stars, planets, comets, gas, & galaxies. *Also, the Earth s place in the universe.

Astronomy. Study of objects in space such as the Sun, stars, planets, comets, gas, & galaxies. *Also, the Earth s place in the universe. Astronomy Study of objects in space such as the Sun, stars, planets, comets, gas, & galaxies. *Also, the Earth s place in the universe. Universe = everything that exists Disclaimer: Astrology is NOT science!!!

More information

Read each slide then use the red or some underlined words to complete the organizer.

Read each slide then use the red or some underlined words to complete the organizer. Read each slide then use the red or some underlined words to complete the organizer. 1B Did it start as a bang! 1B The Expanding Universe A. The Big Bang Theory: Idea that all matter began in an infinitely

More information

The Universe. But first, let s talk about light! 2012 Pearson Education, Inc.

The Universe. But first, let s talk about light! 2012 Pearson Education, Inc. The Universe But first, let s talk about light! Light is fast! The study of light All forms of radiation travel at 300,000,000 meters (186,000 miles) per second Since objects in space are so far away,

More information

THE ORIGIN OF THE UNIVERSE AND BLACK HOLES

THE ORIGIN OF THE UNIVERSE AND BLACK HOLES THE ORIGIN OF THE UNIVERSE AND BLACK HOLES WHAT IS COSMOGONY? Cosmogony (or cosmogeny) is any model explaining the origin of the universe. Cosmogony = Coming into existence WHAT IS COSMOLOGY Cosmology

More information

Astronomy Final Exam Study Guide

Astronomy Final Exam Study Guide Astronomy Final Exam Study Guide 1. Daily motion is diurnal. Yearly motion is annual. 2. The Celestial equator lies directly above the Earth s equator. The Celestial North Pole lies directly above the

More information

Topic 1: Earth s Motion Topic 2: The Moon Earth s Satellite Topic 3: Solar System Topic 4: The Planets Topic 5: Stars & Galaxies

Topic 1: Earth s Motion Topic 2: The Moon Earth s Satellite Topic 3: Solar System Topic 4: The Planets Topic 5: Stars & Galaxies Topic 1: Earth s Motion Topic 2: The Moon Earth s Satellite Topic 3: Solar System Topic 4: The Planets Topic 5: Stars & Galaxies Topic 1: Earth s Motion Essential Question: What causes the cycle of seasons

More information

The Moon s relationship with Earth The formation of the Moon The surface of the Moon Phases of the Moon Travelling to the Moon

The Moon s relationship with Earth The formation of the Moon The surface of the Moon Phases of the Moon Travelling to the Moon The Moon The Moon s relationship with Earth The Moon orbits the Earth every 27.3 days. The tides on Earth are caused mostly by the gravitational pull of the Moon and the Sun. The Moon's gravitational pull

More information

25/11/ Cosmological Red Shift:

25/11/ Cosmological Red Shift: 12.1 Edwin Hubble Discovered galaxies other than the milky way. Galaxy: A collection of stars, planets, gas, and dust that are held together by gravity. Our sun and planets are in the Milky Way Hubble

More information

The Universe. is space and everything in it.

The Universe. is space and everything in it. The Universe is space and everything in it. Galaxies A galaxy is a supercluster of stars, gas, and dust that are held together by gravity. There are three main types of galaxies: Irregular Elliptical Spiral

More information

Which of the following correctly describes the meaning of albedo?

Which of the following correctly describes the meaning of albedo? Which of the following correctly describes the meaning of albedo? A) The lower the albedo, the more light the surface reflects, and the less it absorbs. B) The higher the albedo, the more light the surface

More information

Prentice Hall EARTH SCIENCE

Prentice Hall EARTH SCIENCE Prentice Hall EARTH SCIENCE Tarbuck Lutgens 23.1 The Solar System The Planets: An Overview The terrestrial planets are planets that are small and rocky Mercury, Venus, Earth, and Mars. The Jovian planets

More information

1. The symbols below represent the Milky Way galaxy, the solar system, the Sun, and the universe.

1. The symbols below represent the Milky Way galaxy, the solar system, the Sun, and the universe. Name Date 1. The symbols below represent the Milky Way galaxy, the solar system, the Sun, and the universe. 4. The diagram below illustrates three stages of a current theory of the formation of the universe.

More information

25.2 Stellar Evolution. By studying stars of different ages, astronomers have been able to piece together the evolution of a star.

25.2 Stellar Evolution. By studying stars of different ages, astronomers have been able to piece together the evolution of a star. 25.2 Stellar Evolution By studying stars of different ages, astronomers have been able to piece together the evolution of a star. Star Birth The birthplaces of stars are dark, cool interstellar clouds,

More information

Class Notes: Astronomy

Class Notes: Astronomy Name: Date: Period: Astronomy The Physical Setting: Earth Science Class Notes: Astronomy I. Apparent Motion Geocentric Universe -! Starts all rotate around the Earth on a single sphere at º/hour Planets

More information

Inner and Outer Planets

Inner and Outer Planets Inner and Outer Planets SPI 0607.6.2 Explain how the relative distance of objects from the earth affects how they appear. Inner Planets Terrestrial planets are those that are closest to the Sun. Terrestrial

More information

At this point of its orbit, any solar satellite such as a comet or a planet is farthest away from the sun. What is the aphelion?

At this point of its orbit, any solar satellite such as a comet or a planet is farthest away from the sun. What is the aphelion? At this point of its orbit, any solar satellite such as a comet or a planet is farthest away from the sun. What is the aphelion? These small, rocky worlds orbit the sun generally between the orbits of

More information

Stars and Galaxies. Evolution of Stars

Stars and Galaxies. Evolution of Stars Stars and Galaxies Evolution of Stars What do you think? Read the two statements below and decide whether you agree or disagree with them. Place an A in the Before column if you agree with the statement

More information

The solar system pt 2 MR. BANKS 8 TH GRADE SCIENCE

The solar system pt 2 MR. BANKS 8 TH GRADE SCIENCE The solar system pt 2 MR. BANKS 8 TH GRADE SCIENCE Dwarf planets Following the discovery of multiple objects similar to Pluto (and one that was even bigger than Pluto) a new classification for planets

More information

9.2 - Our Solar System

9.2 - Our Solar System 9.2 - Our Solar System Scientists describe our solar system as the Sun and all the planets and other celestial objects, such as moons, comets, and asteroids, that are held by the Sun s gravity and orbit

More information

Miami Dade County Public Schools Educational Transformation Office and the Division of Academics: Department of Science

Miami Dade County Public Schools Educational Transformation Office and the Division of Academics: Department of Science Unit 5 Assessment Comprehensive Science III Directions: Read through the questions carefully and select the best answer choice on your bubble sheet. 1. Space exploration has advanced our knowledge of the

More information