LESSON 1: THE UNIVERSE AND THE SOLAR SYSTEM.

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1 LESSON 1: THE UNIVERSE AND THE SOLAR SYSTEM. 1.- Choose the correct option: 1.- The Milky Way is a: a.- star b.- galaxy c.- planet d.- satellite 2.- The Earth is a: a.- star b.-galaxy c.- planet d.- satellite 3.- The Moon is a: a.- star b.-galaxy c.- planet d.- satellite 4.- Pluto is a: a.- satellite b.- planet d.- dwarf planet 5.- The Universe is: a millions years old b years old c years old d millions years old 6.- The Universe is made of: a.- matter and energy b.- a lot of energy c.- space, matter and energy 7.- Astrology is: a.- the study of the future b.- the study of the weather c.- the study of the Universe 8.- Astronomy is: a.- the study of the future b.- the study of the weather c.- the study of the Universe

2 9.- We are in: a.- The Orion Arm of the Milky Way b.- The Perseus Arm of the Milky Way c.- in the middle of the Universe 10.- Stars are made of: a.- hydrogen b.- helium c.- both of them 2.- Complete the chart with move / moves / don't move / doesn't move. THE SUN EARTH THE PLANETS THE STARS Geocentric model?* Heliocentric 3.- Which planet is: 1.- the nearest to the Sun? 2.- the biggest? 3.- the only planet with a visible ring? 4.- the smallest giant planet? 5.- called the blue planet? 6.- the red planet? 7.- easy to see from the Earth?. 4.- Copy and complete these sentences: 1.-The Sun rotates..its axis every 25 days. 2.- The volume of the Sun is...the volume of the Earth. 3.- The light of the Sun... 8,4 minutes to reach the Earth. 4.- The terrestrial planets are...,...,... and.... They are made of..., and they are nearer the Sun than the gas giant planets. 5.- We can see the planets because they... the light of the Sun. 6.- The gas giant planets are... and Most of the asteroids are located in a... around the Sun between the orbits of... and...

3 8.- The Universe is... years old and the Solar System is... years old. 9.- The comets are made of...,... and When an asteroid collides with our atmosphere it gets very... If it does not vaporize and reaches the... of the Earth, we can call it a What is the meaning of light year? 2.- astronomical unit? 3.- comet? 4.- planet? 5.- asteroids? 6.- celestial bodies? 7.- dwarf planets? 8.- UFO (Unidentified Flying Object)? 9.- dust? 10.- core? 11.- anticlockwise? 12.- collide? 13.- beyond? 14.- orbit? 15.- round? 16.- matter? 17.- fuel? 18.- born, develop and die? 19.- size? 20.- heat? 6.- How do you say... in English? 1.- Tierra: 2.- Luna: 3.- Plutón: 4.- Universo: 5.- Sistema Solar: 6.- Galaxias: 7.- OVNI: 8.- Hidrógeno: 9.- Combustible: 10.- Vida: 11.- Cinturón de asteriodes: 12.- Cometa: 13.- Satélite: 14.- Asteroides: 15.- polvo:

4 7.- Are these sentences true (T) or false (F)? Correct the false sentences. 1.- At the beginning the Universe was very cold. 2.- The Big Bang Theory says that a giant explosion created the Universe. 3.- In the geocentric model the Sun is the centre of the Universe.* 4.- In the heliocentric model the Earth is the centre of the Universe.* 5.- All the stars in the Universe are moving. 6.- A light year is the distance that light travels in one year. 7.- Light travels metres per second. 8.- Copernicus invented the geocentric model.* 9.- Galileo Galilei invented the telescope.* 10.-Ptolemy invented the heliocentric model.* 11.- Everything that exists is part of the Universe The Milky Way has a spiral structure, with spiral arms Galaxies are groups of stars and clouds of gas and dust Our Solar System is in the Perseus Arm Planets emit light.* 16.- Stars don't live forever All the stars have the same colour The Sun's rotation movement (the Solar day) lasts 25 years The more hydrogen a star has the longer it will live.* 20.- The Gas Giant Planets are smaller than the Terrestrial Planet.

5 8.- Write the names of these celestial bodies. Then put them in the correct order, from the youngest to the oldest.

6 9.- What kind of galaxies are these? How old are they?

7 10.- Work in pairs. Student A has a list of words and Student B has another list of words. Guess your partner's words. STUDENT A: 1.- TERRESTRIAL 2.- CELESTIAL 3.- LIGHT 4.- HELIOCENTRIC 5.- SOLAR 6.- ANTICLOK 7.- ASTRONOMICAL 8.- MILKY 9.- BIG 10.- ASTEROID STUDENT B: A.- BELT B.- WISE C.- PLANETS D.- BODIES E.- WAY F.- BANG G.- YEAR H.- MODEL I.- UNIT J.- SYSTEM

8 11.- Work in groups. Write the name of the following celestial bodies, saying at relate each sentence to one of them.*? a.- is the last of the Gas Giant Planets b.- move around the sun with very eccentric orbits c.- is similar to the surface of the Moon d.- is between Jupiter and Mars e.- is the end of a big star f.- moves with Caronte, one around the other g.- is the red planet h.- are made of ice and dust, and have two parts i.- you can see it from the Earth k.- its axis of rotation is almost on the plane of its orbit* l.- is the smallest of the Gas Giant Planets ll.- has a beautiful ring m.- you can see different colours on its surface n.- is the biggest planet ñ.- is the end of a medium star o.- there are millions of them around the Sun p.- is a dwarf planet q.- is a neutron star and it has electromagnetic radiation r.- they are the Terrestrial Planets s.- they are the Gas Giant Planets

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11 12.- Put the letters in order and guess the word: 1.- The distance that light travels in a year 2.- Groups of stars and clouds of gas and dust. 3.- Celestial bodies which move in relation to the stars.* 4.- It has electromagnethic power. S P U R A L Y I G L E H R T A N P L E T S A X G I A E S L A 13.- Copy and complete the sentences on your notebook: A light year is an astronomical... of... It is the... that... travels in a... The distance between Earth and the... is about kilometres Solve these problems. 1.- Imagine the Sun stops shining for a moment. When will we notice? 2.- Imagine we build a spaceship. It can resist very hot temperatures and it doesn't melt. Can we go through the Sun and not collide with any solid object? 3.- Search for information about Pulsares.