Test Name: 09.LCW.0352.SCIENCE.GR Q1.S.THEUNIVERSE-SOLARSYSTEMHONORS Test ID: Date: 09/21/2017

Transcription

1 Test Name: 09.LCW.0352.SCIENCE.GR Q1.S.THEUNIVERSE-SOLARSYSTEMHONORS Test ID: Date: 09/21/2017 Section According to the Doppler Effect, what happens to the wavelength of light as galaxies move further away? A. The wavelength gets shorter. B. The wavelength gets does not change. C. The wavelength gets longer. D. The wavelength frequency increases The Big Bang theory is a scientific theory that explains which of the following: A. How the Galaxy was created. B. How life began in the Universe C. Why matter is spread throughout the Universe in the way it is. D. How our Solar System was created Scientists have found key evidence in support of the Big Bang Theory. Which of these pieces of evidence shows that the universe was once very hot, but has cooled as it expanded? A. Ratio of gases/elements in the galaxies B. Red-shift from distant galaxies C. Microwave Background Radiation D. The appearance of distant galaxies The ratio of gases (such as hydrogen and helium) found in distant stars and galaxies was predicted before scientists were able to calculate it. Why is this ratio considered evidence of the Big Bang Theory? A. The prediction WAS NOT the actual ratio of gases they found B. The prediction WAS the actual ratio of gases they found C. The prediction was not about gases and elements; it was about the red-shift of distant galaxies

2 1.5 - The objects that compose our solar system vary in size. What is the largest object in our solar system? A. Earth B. Jupiter C. Sun D. Earth's moon Galaxies are large groups of millions, billions, or even trillions of stars. What keeps the stars in a galaxy from moving away from each other? A. gravity B. density C. composition D. temperature The points labeled on the chart below represent the approximate size of Earth, the Milky Way, the Moon, and the Sun (Objects NOT listed in order). The approximate size of the solar system is also shown. Which point on the chart best represents the approximate size of the Sun? A. W B. X C. Y D. Z

3 1.8 - In 1995, the Hubble Space Telescope photographed a tiny spot in the sky for a period of ten days; 342 exposures were placed together to create an image known as the Hubble Deep Field. Although the sample is tiny, it is representative of the universe, which looks similar in all directions. The image below shows a collection of billions of stars. The Hubble Deep Field shows at least 3,000 groups of these stars. Which term describes this group of stars? A. moon B. galaxy C. universe D. solar system A light year (ly) is the distance that light travels in one year. If a star is 3 ly from Earth, how long does it take light from that star to reach Earth? A. 3 min B. 3 h C. 3 y D. 3 ly

4 A special unit called a light-year is used to describe the relationship between objects in space. How long is a light-year? A. 365 days B. 950,000 km C. 9.5 trillion days D. 9.5 trillion km Which of the following best describes an Astronomical Unit? A. The distance from the core of the Earth to the core of the Moon. B. The distance from the core of the Earth to the core of the Sun. C. The distance across the Solar System. D. The distance from the core of the Sun the core of the nearest planet Which of the following units would you use to measure the solar system? A. Astronomical Units B. Light Years C. Kilometers D. Parsecs Which of the four fundamental forces is the strongest? A. gravity B. electromagnetic C. weak nuclear D. strong nuclear What type of nuclear force holds the protons and neutrons in an atom together? A. a weak force that acts over a long range B. a strong force that acts over a short range C. a strong force that acts over a long range D. a weak force that acts over a short range

5 Which of the following shows the four fundamental forces in order from least to highest strength? A. Strong Nuclear Force, Electromagnetic Force, Weak Nuclear Force, Gravitational Force B. Gravitational Force, Weak Nuclear Force, Electromagnetic Force, Strong Nuclear Force C. Electromagnetic Force, Gravitational Force, Weak Nuclear Force, Strong Nuclear Force D. Gravitational Force, Electromagnetic Force, Weak Nuclear Force, Strong Nuclear Force Which of the following fundamental forces is considered to be the weakest? A. Strong Nuclear Force B. Weak Nuclear Force C. Electromagnetic Force D. Gravitiational Force Substantial objects, resembling asteroids in size and composition, which built up early in the development of the solar system are referred to as A. protoplanets B. planetesimals C. grains D. nebulae Alyssa is creating a timeline of the formation of the solar system. Which flow chart best describes the formation of the solar system? A. Solar nebula Protostellar disk Nuclear Fusion Sun Planetesimals Planets B. Solar nebula Protostellar disk Nuclear Fusion Planetesimals Planets Sun C. Protostellar disk Nuclear Fusion Sun Solar nebular Planetesimals Planets D. Solar nebula Nuclear Fusion Sun Planets- Planetesimals Protostellar disk The planets in our solar system are thought to have come from? A. Clumps of rocky material that exist between the stars B. The same cloud of gas and dust in which the Sun formed C. A cloud of gas in the Orion nebula D. The Sun (they were flung out of the fast-spinning young sun)

6 What role did gravity play in the formation of the sun? A. Gravity caused the solar nebula to collapse toward the center, causing the center to be dense and hot B. Gravity caused small particles to collide to form larger particles called planetesimals, which eventually formed the sun. C. Gravity caused the protoplanetary disk to become a planetesimal, which became the sun. D. Gravity caused the protoplanetary disk to rotate and form a solar nebula, which became the sun Which configuration will result in the greatest gravitational force? A. small masses far apart B. large masses far apart C. small masses close together D. large masses close together In 1590 Galileo Galilei decided to climb the Leaning Tower of Pisa and drop two different sized cannon balls. One cannon ball had a mass of 100 kg and the other had a mass of 500 kg, which one hit the ground below first? A. The 100 kg ball hit the ground first. B. The 500 kg ball hit the ground first C. They both hit the ground at the same time The distance between objects, along with the masses of the objects, affect the gravitational force between the objects. Which statement is true according to Newton s law of universal gravitation? A. When the masses of objects increase, gravitational force decreases. B. When distance between objects increases, gravitational force decreases. C. When distance between objects decreases, gravitational force decreases. D. When the masses of objects decrease, the distance between objects decreases The strength of the force of gravity depends on... A. the masses of the objects and their speeds B. the masses of the objects and the distance between them C. the weight of the objects and their speeds D. the masses of the objects and their weights

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