SASIR SCIENTIFIC, EDUCATIONAL & TECHNOLOGICAL PARTNERSHIP ACROSS BORDERS. "A Wide-Field Synoptic Survey for this Decade"

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1 THE SYNOPTIC ALL-SKY INFRARED SURVEY SASIR "A Wide-Field Synoptic Survey for this Decade" SCIENTIFIC, EDUCATIONAL & TECHNOLOGICAL PARTNERSHIP ACROSS BORDERS AAS Town Hall Meeting, UC Berkeley, 29 Nov 21

2 SASIR Partnership Key Personnel UC: Bloom (PI), J. Xavier Prochaska, Mike Bolte (UCO/ Lick), Enrico Ramirez-Ruiz (UCSC), Rebecca Bernstein, Peter Nugent, Chris Bebeck, Dovi Poznanski, Juan Meza, Rollin Thomas (LBL), Adam Stanford, Kem Cook (LLNL), Adam Burgasser (UCSD)... UNAM: Pepe Franco, William Lee, Jesus Gonzales INAOE: Jose Guichard, Alberto Carramiñana UofA: Peter Strimmatter, Peter Wehinger

3 International Partnerships Complex and high-cost facilities are essential to major progress in astronomy and astrophysics and typically involve collaboration of multiple nations and/ or collaboration of federal and non-federal institutions. These partnerships bring great opportunities for pooling resources and expertise to fulfill scientific goals that are beyond the reach of any single country. 3-12

4 International Partnerships Complex and high-cost facilities are essential to major progress in astronomy and astrophysics and typically involve collaboration of multiple nations and/ or collaboration of federal and non-federal institutions. These partnerships bring great opportunities for pooling resources and expertise to fulfill scientific goals that are beyond the reach of any single country. However, they also present management challenges and require a new level of strategic planning to bring them to fruition. 3-12

5 SASIR Vision in a Nutshell 6.5 meter SPM telescope (Magellan inspired) site: San Pedro Mártir (SPM), Baja California Filters: Y, J, H, K (3 dichroics) Detectors: 124 2k 2k IR arrays ~.5-1 diameter field of view.5-2 sq. deg. on-sky autonomous/robotic surveying Survey: cover entire sky in ~2-3 months; 4 year survey shallow (~2.5 π; 6-12 visits) medium (.5 π; ~2 visits) deep (~1 sq deg; visits) surveys on sky > 218 $125M-$18M New Phase Space: Aperture + wavebands + Field of View + Time

6 SASIR Impact Across Astrophysics - Unveiling the Lowest Temperature Neighbors: finding the local brown dwarf & Y dwarf population (candidates for exoplanet imaging) - Probing the Epoch of Reionization w/ Quasars - Multi-messenger Probe: Gravity Wave & Particle Counterparts - IR cosmology/distance ladder: supernovae, RR Lyrae, Mira, etc.

7 SASIR Impact Across Astrophysics - Unveiling the Lowest Temperature Neighbors: finding the local brown dwarf & Y dwarf population (candidates for exoplanet imaging) - Probing the Epoch of Reionization w/ Quasars - Multi-messenger Probe: Gravity Wave & Particle Counterparts - IR cosmology/distance ladder: supernovae, RR Lyrae, Mira, etc. Synergies{ - discovery engine for Keck, TMT, WFIRST, JWST - high-resolution dust maps (esp. in the Galactic Plane) - adaptive optics guide star grid (TMT) - photo-z improvement over optical-only (e.g. BAO)

8 Mirror Casting - Began in summer 9 (after ~11 years) - High temperature phase (Aug 9) - out of the oven (spring 21) - Figuring and Polishing (211) SPMT outside the oven inside the oven

9 Mirror Casting - Began in summer 9 (after ~11 years) - High temperature phase (Aug 9) - out of the oven (spring 21) - Figuring and Polishing (211) SPMT outside the oven inside the oven

10 Site Selection & Observatory Development Sept 29 N E 2.2m 1.5m/RATIR site SPMT/SASIR site SASIR site = LSST Testing site [6.5m aluminizing mirror & facilities upgrade proposal from UNAM accepted]

11 Comparison to Other Surveys '5%## &'()4*'(')- &)226*'(()- ("(*#./"# $"%%!"#$%!"# #%#"3 &'()(*'()+,- &'((1*'((2- &'"()!*"* étendue-couleur (m 2 deg 2 number of simultaneous bands)

12 gistic with other major US-based facilities coming on-line or planned (e.g., LSST, JWST, LISA) and would greatly enhance the scientific returns of such facilities. The same is true for facilities available to the Mexican component of the SASIR collaboration through existing projects such as the GTC (Gran Telescopio Comparison to Other Surveys Canarias). Figure 1 Comparison of the baseline SASIR survey with other significant surveys already completed ( symbol) or planned ( or square symbol). Left: The point source sensitivity versus wavelength for wide-area surveys where we have assumed 6 total visits (24 s) for SASIR. Details of the pre-conceptual design are given in 3. Right: The point source K-band sensitivity versus sky coverage. The other survey data for these figures were compiled by D. Stern (JPL). other survey data compiled by D. Stern (JPL)

13 NSF "Mid-Scale" Project This survey received 29 proposals that would be eligible for competition [in the mid-scale NSF projects]... The Program Prioritization Panels recommended very highly a subset of these, with rough total cost of $4 million. It is not appropriate for this survey to make priority assessments for activities that would compete in a peer-reviewed program. D-1

14 NSF "Mid-Scale" Project This survey received 29 proposals that would be eligible for competition [in the mid-scale NSF projects]... The Program Prioritization Panels recommended very highly a subset of these, with rough total cost of $4 million. It is not appropriate for this survey to make priority assessments for activities that would compete in a peer-reviewed program. D-1 * IR surveys leveraging the enormous advances in IR array technology to provide several orders of magnitude increase in sensitivity over 2MASS and synoptic sky coverage (GCT 1 and D)...The panel recommends supporting the Mid-Scale Projects and Instrumentation program at the level of $2 million per year to address the needs outlined above. Panel Report 7-35

15 Discovering the High-redshift Universe +,'-./ /("""4789.:8; (" * (" # (" ) ("! (" ( (" " (" ( ABCD225)E; <=5*8>?@; FC2GH5)#"; 2H2CI5!!"""; ABCD225*; <=5@?>8!; FC2GH5@"; 2H2CI5#E"";!"!!!#!"!!!# ABCD225(; <=5L8"?((8*; FC2GH5*; 2H2CI5#)";!"!! ABCD225"; <=5()?(*8*; FC2GH5"; 2H2CI5(#;!"!! $ %&' J %&' K %&' B %&' J. X. Prochaska+9

16 Extragalactic IR Time-Domain Type Ia SNe looking rather standard in the IR Wood-Vasey, Friedman, Bloom et al. 28 Mandel+9

17 IR Transient Universe: Explosive Systems Enrico Ramirez-Ruiz+Kasen

18 Conceptual/Preliminary Designs over the several years - Oversite board now forming - Project office at UNAM in place - several funding requests to NSF, CONACyT Aspect Baseline Range to be Studied Main Questions/Issues to resolve Field of View (area).2 deg 2.2 deg 2 1 deg 2 Science impact (survey speed). Cost and feasibility implications to M1/M2, camera optics & detectors. Filter Set YJHK YJHK JHK YJH Science impact vs. technical feasibility and costs. Survey Length 5 yrs 4 1 yrs Science-Impact/Running-Cost ratio. Telescope Concept Gregorian 2-mirror Multi-band capability. K-emissivity. w/wo re-imaging FOV. Optics complexity, size and feasibility. Scalability of known reference systems (risk/critical-path mitigation) Impact to base structural design (Magellan). Multiple-Filter Strategy 3 dichroics Beam/Field splitting Science impact (band simultaneity). FOV. Performance, cost and feasibility of overall design. Pixel Size 18µm 15 2 µm Design merits versus camera complexity and cost. Detector development status and costs. Detector Scale.22 /pix.2.4 /pix Optimization of image-quality budget and sampling, sky background, system dimensions and performance. Primary Conic Constant M1 figuring. FOV. Image quality. Subsystems simplification. Focal reducer With With or without Baffling complexity. Multi-band capabilities. Focal Station Cassegrain Cassegrain Weight & envelope limitations. Multiband capabilities. FOV Prime foci, Nasmyth Impact and potential modifications of Magellan design. the conceptual design phase. It will consist of no less than one senior member from UC Santa Cruz, UC

19 Conceptual/Preliminary Designs over the several years - Oversite board now forming - Project office at UNAM in place - several funding requests to NSF, CONACyT Cash Flow (year 1 to 15) Millions of USD (FY29) Total PRECONCEPT AND FEASIBILITY STUDY PROJECT DESIGN & ESTABLISHMENT SCIENCE DEFINITION PROJECT MANAGER SYSTEM ENGINEER CIVIL ENGINEERING (Dome & Building) TEL. MECHANICS (Design, Construction, Integration) TEL. & WFC OPTICS (Design, Manufacture, Integration) COATING & AUXILIARY SERVICES TELESCOPE CONTROL SYSTEM SASIR CAMERA (Design, Manufacture, Integration) SASIR SURVEY TOTAL 15-yr PROJECT Contingency (25%) TOTAL with 25% Contingency Project Phase PROJECT DEFINITION PROJECT CONSTRUCTION SCIENCE OPERATIONS Financial Sources: NSF, CONACyT Private, Federal & Federal, Private & Partnership Institutions s & UC, UNAM, INAOE Partner Institutions

20 Broadening Participation Little progress has been made in increasing the number of minorities in astronomy. Agencies, astronomy departments, and the community as a whole need to refocus their efforts on attracting members of underrepresented minorities to the field. 4-2

21 Broadening Participation Little progress has been made in increasing the number of minorities in astronomy. Agencies, astronomy departments, and the community as a whole need to refocus their efforts on attracting members of underrepresented minorities to the field. 4-2 Society for Advancement of Chicanos and Native Americans in Science

22 Summary The SASIR Survey would be a unique combination of aperture + wavelength + time cadence Well-matched for the Mexican 6.5m telescope & community science interests/expertise Well-centered on major Astro21 themes

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