You should have finished reading Chapter 3, and started on chapter 4 for next week.

Size: px
Start display at page:

Download "You should have finished reading Chapter 3, and started on chapter 4 for next week."

Transcription

1 Announcements Homework due on Sunday at 11:45pm. Thank your classmate! You should have finished reading Chapter 3, and started on chapter 4 for next week. Don t forget your out of class planetarium show on Friday evenings or Saturday afternoon. Observing at Brooks Observatory starts next Monday. Come to the 5th floor of this building at 9 10pm. Bring your filled-out blue ticket!

2 The Raw Exam Distribution

3 The Raw Exam Distribution

4 The Raw Exam Distribution

5 Grades Your anonymously coded grades are on the course website:

6 Buy-Back Congratulations: as a class, you bought back 387 points! Remember: Write out the question, the text of the answer you chose, why you chose it, the text of the correct answer, and why. If you didn t circle your answers on your exam and take it with you... do so next time!

7 How to Buy-Back Incorrect: On #23 I Chose E but I just guessed, I now know it s B, cause that s the answer, dude. Correct: Question 23: For how many days was this planet in retrograde motion? I Chose E, 32 days, since that s how long the planet spent in the loop on the sky. Now I understand that it is in retrograde motion only when moving from East to West, which happened from March 31st to April 12th, over the course of 12 days. So the correct answer is B, 12 days. Also: you get no credit for picking one you already got correct!

8 The Adjusted Exam Distribution with Buy Back

9 The Adjusted Exam Distribution with Buy Back

10 Do your homework! Exam #1 Grade (Raw) Homework #1 Grade

11 Do your homework! Exam #1 Grade (Raw) Homework #1 Grade

12 18. You observe a full moon rising in the east. Which image shown below best represents how the Moon will appear when it sets? 19. A planet is moving in normal ( prograde ) motion. Over the course of several nights, how

13 18. You observe a full moon rising in the east. Which image shown below best represents how the Moon will appear when it sets? 19. A planet is moving in normal ( prograde ) motion. Over the course of several nights, how

14 18. You observe a full moon rising in the east. Which image shown below best represents how the Moon will appear when it sets? 19. A planet is moving in normal ( prograde ) motion. Over the course of several nights, how

15 18. You observe a full moon rising in the east. Which image shown below best represents how the Moon will appear when it sets? 19. A planet is moving in normal ( prograde ) motion. Over the course of several nights, how

16 34. Which of the following is smallest? A. size of a typical planet B. 1 light-second C. 1 AU D. size of a typical star Light would travel 7 times around Earth in 1 second!

17 34. Which of the following is smallest? A. size of a typical planet B. 1 light-second C. 1 AU D. size of a typical star Light would travel 7 times around Earth in 1 second!

18 Jupiter is 3 light-seconds in circumference!

19 29. Earth is always precisely 1 astronomical unit from the Sun. A. True B. False

20 29. Earth is always precisely 1 astronomical unit from the Sun. A. True B. False

21

22 Last Time Ancient peoples: structures to mark progression of sun/moon/planets.

23 Last Time Greeks: Earth is round, at center of real celestial spheres.

24 Last Time 1500 years of Ptolemaic model before earth was displaced as center of universe.

25 Last Time Copernicus: first to gain traction with a suncentered universe.

26 Last Time Brahe/Kepler: measured and refined the model of motions: not circles but ellipses!

27 Last Time Galileo: Cemented heliocentric model using a telescope. Moons of jupiter, sunspots, etc.

28 Last Time Retrograde motion the key: very complicated epicycle models required to account. Simple to explain when all planets orbit the sun!

29 Kepler s Laws of Planetary Motion Kepler s First Law: The orbit of each planet around the Sun is an ellipse, with the Sun at one focus.

30 Kepler s Laws of Planetary Motion Kepler s Second Law: As a planet moves around its orbit, a line from the planet to the Sun sweeps out equal area in equal time.

31 Kepler s 2 nd Law Equal area law implies that planets move: Faster when closer to sun Perihelion = planet closest to sun Slower when farther from sun Aphelion = planet farthest from sun

32 Kepler s Laws of Planetary Motion Kepler s Third Law: The ratio of the cube of the average distance of the planet from the Sun (a=semimajor axis) to the square of the orbital period (p) is the same for each planet. P 2 =A 3 p in units of years a in units of Astronomical Units

33 What is an Astronomical Unit? It is Earth s distance from the Sun (or more technically, it is the Earth s semi-major axis) 1 A.U. = 1.5 x m 499 light seconds!

34 Does the third law work for the Earth? Earth: P = 1 year, a = 1 A.U. P 2 = a 3 so 1 2 = 1 3 or 1 = 1 It works!

35 Graphical Version of Kepler s Third Law The farther you are from the Sun, the longer your orbital period The farther you are from the Sun, the slower you orbit the Sun p 2 = a 3

36 One year of time (Earth is green)

37 An asteroid orbits the sun at an average distance of 4 A.U. What is it s orbital period? A) 1 year B) 4 years C) 8 years D) 64 years A C B D

38 An asteroid orbits the sun at an average distance of 4 A.U. What is it s orbital period? A) 1 year B) 4 years C) 8 years A B D) 64 years C D

39 An asteroid orbits the sun at an average distance of 4 A.U. What is it s orbital period? A) 1 year B) 4 years C) 8 years A B D) 64 years A = 4 A.U. P 2 = A 3 = 4 3 = 64 P = 8 years! C D

40 Consider a planet orbiting the Sun. If the mass of the planet doubled but the planet stayed at the same orbital distance, then the planet would take A C B D A) more than twice as long to orbit the Sun. B) exactly twice as long to orbit the Sun. C) the same amount of time to orbit the Sun. D) exactly half as long to orbit the Sun.

41 Consider a planet orbiting the Sun. If the mass of the planet doubled but the planet stayed at the same orbital distance, then the planet would take A C B D A) more than twice as long to orbit the Sun. B) exactly twice as long to orbit the Sun. C) the same amount of time to orbit the Sun. D) exactly half as long to orbit the Sun.

42

43

44 A 3 = P 2

45 A B If a small weather satellite and the large International Space Station are orbiting Earth at the same altitude above Earth s surface, which object takes longer to orbit once around Earth? A) the large space station B) the small weather satellite C) the same amount of time to orbit the Sun. C D

46 A B If a small weather satellite and the large International Space Station are orbiting Earth at the same altitude above Earth s surface, which object takes longer to orbit once around Earth? C D A) the large space station B) the small weather satellite C) the same amount of time to orbit the Sun.

47 A B Which of the following best C D describes what would happen if Mercury and Jupiter were to switch places in their orbits about the Sun? A) Jupiter, the larger planet, would have a shorter orbital period than before. B) Mercury, the smaller planet, would have a shorter orbital period than before. C) Neither of the two planets would have any change in their orbital periods.

48 A B Which of the following best C D describes what would happen if Mercury and Jupiter were to switch places in their orbits about the Sun? A) Jupiter, the larger planet, would have a shorter orbital period than before. B) Mercury, the smaller planet, would have a shorter orbital period than before. C) Neither of the two planets would have any change in their orbital periods.

49 Where do Kepler s laws work? Everywhere!

50 Why do Kepler s Laws work everywhere? Gravity... which brings us to... Sir Isaac Newton

51 Gravity, Energy, and Motion

52 Describing Motion speed = rate at which an object moves. Distance/Time example: 10 m/s velocity = speed + direction. example: 10 m/s due West acceleration = change in the speed or direction Example: 10 m/s 2

53 The Acceleration Due to Gravity All falling objects accelerate at the same rate (not counting air resistance) independent of mass. On Earth, g 10 m/ s 2 : speed increases 10 m/s with each falling second 10 m/s per second or 10 m/s 2

54 A C B D If you drop a hammer and a feather at the same time on the moon: A) the hammer will hit the ground first B) the feather will hit the ground first C) they will hit the ground at the same time

55 A C B D If you drop a hammer and a feather at the same time on the moon: A) the hammer will hit the ground first B) the feather will hit the ground first C) they will hit the ground at the same time

56 Gravity The acceleration due to gravity is the same for any object on the surface of the earth. Hammer and feather fall at the same rate (neglecting air resistance).

57 For Next Time Start Reading Chapter 4. Remember: First week of Evening observing at Brooks Observatory starts Monday. HW#2 Due Sunday Evening

Learning Objectives. one night? Over the course of several nights? How do true motion and retrograde motion differ?

Learning Objectives. one night? Over the course of several nights? How do true motion and retrograde motion differ? Kepler s Laws Learning Objectives! Do the planets move east or west over the course of one night? Over the course of several nights? How do true motion and retrograde motion differ?! What are geocentric

More information

Announcements. HW #2 is online now at MasteringAstronomy.com. Due next Mon at 11pm. For today: finish reading chapter 4.

Announcements. HW #2 is online now at MasteringAstronomy.com. Due next Mon at 11pm. For today: finish reading chapter 4. Announcements HW #2 is online now at MasteringAstronomy.com. Due next Mon at 11pm. For today: finish reading chapter 4. Exam buy-back extra credit due here NOW! Not late extra-credit accepted. Public Service

More information

How big is the Universe and where are we in it?

How big is the Universe and where are we in it? Announcements Results of clicker questions from Monday are on ICON. First homework is graded on ICON. Next homework due one minute before midnight on Tuesday, September 6. Labs start this week. All lab

More information

cosmogony geocentric heliocentric How the Greeks modeled the heavens

cosmogony geocentric heliocentric How the Greeks modeled the heavens Cosmogony A cosmogony is theory about ones place in the universe. A geocentric cosmogony is a theory that proposes Earth to be at the center of the universe. A heliocentric cosmogony is a theory that proposes

More information

Announcements. Topics To Be Covered in this Lecture

Announcements. Topics To Be Covered in this Lecture Announcements! Tonight s observing session is cancelled (due to clouds)! the next one will be one week from now, weather permitting! The 2 nd LearningCurve activity was due earlier today! Assignment 2

More information

Planetary Orbits: Kepler s Laws 1/18/07

Planetary Orbits: Kepler s Laws 1/18/07 Planetary Orbits: Kepler s Laws Announcements The correct link for the course webpage http://www.lpl.arizona.edu/undergrad/classes/spring2007/giacalone_206-2 The first homework due Jan 25 (available for

More information

Days of the week: - named after 7 Power (moving) objects in the sky (Sun, Moon, 5 planets) Models of the Universe:

Days of the week: - named after 7 Power (moving) objects in the sky (Sun, Moon, 5 planets)   Models of the Universe: Motions of the Planets ( Wanderers ) Planets move on celestial sphere - change RA, Dec each night - five are visible to naked eye Mercury, Venus, Mars, Jupiter, Saturn Days of the week: - named after 7

More information

If Earth had no tilt, what else would happen?

If Earth had no tilt, what else would happen? A more in depth explanation from last week: If Earth had no tilt, what else would happen? The equator would be much hotter due to the direct sunlight which would lead to a lower survival rate and little

More information

PHYS 155 Introductory Astronomy

PHYS 155 Introductory Astronomy PHYS 155 Introductory Astronomy - observing sessions: Sunday Thursday, 9pm, weather permitting http://www.phys.uconn.edu/observatory - Exam - Tuesday March 20, - Review Monday 6:30-9pm, PB 38 Marek Krasnansky

More information

Lecture 13. Gravity in the Solar System

Lecture 13. Gravity in the Solar System Lecture 13 Gravity in the Solar System Guiding Questions 1. How was the heliocentric model established? What are monumental steps in the history of the heliocentric model? 2. How do Kepler s three laws

More information

Introduction To Modern Astronomy I

Introduction To Modern Astronomy I ASTR 111 003 Fall 2006 Lecture 03 Sep. 18, 2006 Introduction To Modern Astronomy I Introducing Astronomy (chap. 1-6) Planets and Moons (chap. 7-17) Ch1: Astronomy and the Universe Ch2: Knowing the Heavens

More information

EXAM #2. ANSWERS ASTR , Spring 2008

EXAM #2. ANSWERS ASTR , Spring 2008 EXAM #2. ANSWERS ASTR 1101-001, Spring 2008 1. In Copernicus s heliocentric model of the universe, which of the following astronomical objects was placed in an orbit around the Earth? The Moon 2. In his

More information

Chapter 02 The Rise of Astronomy

Chapter 02 The Rise of Astronomy Chapter 02 The Rise of Astronomy Multiple Choice Questions 1. The moon appears larger when it rises than when it is high in the sky because A. You are closer to it when it rises (angular-size relation).

More information

Introduction To Modern Astronomy II

Introduction To Modern Astronomy II ASTR 111 003 Fall 2006 Lecture 03 Sep. 18, 2006 Introduction To Modern Astronomy II Introducing Astronomy (chap. 1-6) Planets and Moons (chap. 7-17) Ch1: Astronomy and the Universe Ch2: Knowing the Heavens

More information

1. The Moon appears larger when it rises than when it is high in the sky because

1. The Moon appears larger when it rises than when it is high in the sky because 2-1 Copyright 2016 All rights reserved. No reproduction or distribution without the prior written consent of 1. The Moon appears larger when it rises than when it is high in the sky because A. you are

More information

Gravitation and the Motion of the Planets

Gravitation and the Motion of the Planets Gravitation and the Motion of the Planets 1 Guiding Questions 1. How did ancient astronomers explain the motions of the planets? 2. Why did Copernicus think that the Earth and the other planets go around

More information

18. Kepler as a young man became the assistant to A) Nicolaus Copernicus. B) Ptolemy. C) Tycho Brahe. D) Sir Isaac Newton.

18. Kepler as a young man became the assistant to A) Nicolaus Copernicus. B) Ptolemy. C) Tycho Brahe. D) Sir Isaac Newton. Name: Date: 1. The word planet is derived from a Greek term meaning A) bright nighttime object. B) astrological sign. C) wanderer. D) nontwinkling star. 2. The planets that were known before the telescope

More information

PTYS/ASTR 206 Section 2 Spring 2007 Homework #1 (Page 1/4)

PTYS/ASTR 206 Section 2 Spring 2007 Homework #1 (Page 1/4) PTYS/ASTR 206 Section 2 Spring 2007 Homework #1 (Page 1/4) NAME: KEY Due Date: start of class 1/25/2007 5 pts extra credit if turned in before 9:00AM (early!) (To get the extra credit, the assignment must

More information

Gravitation and the Waltz of the Planets

Gravitation and the Waltz of the Planets Gravitation and the Waltz of the Planets Chapter Four Guiding Questions 1. How did ancient astronomers explain the motions of the planets? 2. Why did Copernicus think that the Earth and the other planets

More information

Gravitation and the Waltz of the Planets. Chapter Four

Gravitation and the Waltz of the Planets. Chapter Four Gravitation and the Waltz of the Planets Chapter Four Guiding Questions 1. How did ancient astronomers explain the motions of the planets? 2. Why did Copernicus think that the Earth and the other planets

More information

Early Theories. Early astronomers believed that the sun, planets and stars orbited Earth (geocentric model) Developed by Aristotle

Early Theories. Early astronomers believed that the sun, planets and stars orbited Earth (geocentric model) Developed by Aristotle Planetary Motion Early Theories Early astronomers believed that the sun, planets and stars orbited Earth (geocentric model) Developed by Aristotle Stars appear to move around Earth Observations showed

More information

Practice Test DeAnza College Astronomy 04 Test 1 Spring Quarter 2009

Practice Test DeAnza College Astronomy 04 Test 1 Spring Quarter 2009 Practice Test DeAnza College Astronomy 04 Test 1 Spring Quarter 2009 Multiple Choice Identify the letter of the choice that best completes the statement or answers the question. Mark answer on Scantron.

More information

Most of the time during full and new phases, the Moon lies above or below the Sun in the sky.

Most of the time during full and new phases, the Moon lies above or below the Sun in the sky. 6/16 Eclipses: We don t have eclipses every month because the plane of the Moon s orbit about the Earth is different from the plane the ecliptic, the Earth s orbital plane about the Sun. The planes of

More information

Gravitation Part I. Ptolemy, Copernicus, Galileo, and Kepler

Gravitation Part I. Ptolemy, Copernicus, Galileo, and Kepler Gravitation Part I. Ptolemy, Copernicus, Galileo, and Kepler Celestial motions The stars: Uniform daily motion about the celestial poles (rising and setting). The Sun: Daily motion around the celestial

More information

PHYS 160 Astronomy Test #1 Fall 2017 Version B

PHYS 160 Astronomy Test #1 Fall 2017 Version B PHYS 160 Astronomy Test #1 Fall 2017 Version B 1 I. True/False (1 point each) Circle the T if the statement is true, or F if the statement is false on your answer sheet. 1. An object has the same weight,

More information

Space Notes Covers Objectives 1 & 2

Space Notes Covers Objectives 1 & 2 Space Notes Covers Objectives 1 & 2 Space Introduction Space Introduction Video Celestial Bodies Refers to a natural object out in space 1) Stars 2) Comets 3) Moons 4) Planets 5) Asteroids Constellations

More information

Exam #1 Study Guide (Note this is not all the information you need to know for the test, these are just SOME of the main points)

Exam #1 Study Guide (Note this is not all the information you need to know for the test, these are just SOME of the main points) Exam #1 Study Guide (Note this is not all the information you need to know for the test, these are just SOME of the main points) Moon Phases Moon is always ½ illuminated by the Sun, and the sunlit side

More information

[05] Historical Perspectives (9/12/17)

[05] Historical Perspectives (9/12/17) 1 [05] Historical Perspectives (9/12/17) Upcoming Items 1. Homework #2 due now. 2. Read Ch. 4.1 4.2 and do self-study quizzes. 3. Homework #3 due in one week. Ptolemaic system http://static.newworldencyclopedia.org/thumb/3/3a/

More information

Ast ch 4-5 practice Test Multiple Choice

Ast ch 4-5 practice Test Multiple Choice Ast ch 4-5 practice Test Multiple Choice 1. The distance from Alexandria to Syene is about 500 miles. On the summer solstice the sun is directly overhead at noon in Syene. At Alexandria on the summer solstice,

More information

The Heliocentric Model of Copernicus

The Heliocentric Model of Copernicus Celestial Mechanics The Heliocentric Model of Copernicus Sun at the center and planets (including Earth) orbiting along circles. inferior planets - planets closer to Sun than Earth - Mercury, Venus superior

More information

Astronomy Notes Chapter 02.notebook April 11, 2014 Pythagoras Aristotle geocentric retrograde motion epicycles deferents Aristarchus, heliocentric

Astronomy Notes Chapter 02.notebook April 11, 2014 Pythagoras Aristotle geocentric retrograde motion epicycles deferents Aristarchus, heliocentric Around 2500 years ago, Pythagoras began to use math to describe the world around him. Around 200 years later, Aristotle stated that the Universe is understandable and is governed by regular laws. Most

More information

Astronomy 100 Section 2 MWF Greg Hall. Outline. Total Lunar Eclipse Time Lapse. Homework #1 is due Friday, 11:50 a.m.!!!!!

Astronomy 100 Section 2 MWF Greg Hall. Outline. Total Lunar Eclipse Time Lapse. Homework #1 is due Friday, 11:50 a.m.!!!!! Astronomy 100 Section 2 MWF 1200-1300 100 Greg Hall Leslie Looney Phone: 217-244-3615 Email: lwl @ uiuc. edu Office: Astro Building #218 Office Hours: MTF 10:30-11:30 a.m. or by appointment Homework #1

More information

Lecture #5: Plan. The Beginnings of Modern Astronomy Kepler s Laws Galileo

Lecture #5: Plan. The Beginnings of Modern Astronomy Kepler s Laws Galileo Lecture #5: Plan The Beginnings of Modern Astronomy Kepler s Laws Galileo Geocentric ( Ptolemaic ) Model Retrograde Motion: Apparent backward (= East-to-West) motion of a planet with respect to stars Ptolemy

More information

Copernican Revolution. ~1500 to ~1700

Copernican Revolution. ~1500 to ~1700 ~1500 to ~1700 Copernicus (~1500) Brahe (~1570) Kepler (~1600) Galileo (~1600) Newton (~1670) The Issue: Geocentric or Heliocentric Which model explains observations the best? Copernicus (~1500) Resurrected

More information

PHYS 160 Astronomy Test #1 Name Answer Key Test Version A

PHYS 160 Astronomy Test #1 Name Answer Key Test Version A PHYS 160 Astronomy Test #1 Name Answer Key Test Version A True False Multiple Choice 1. T 1. C 2. F 2. B 3. T 3. A 4. T 4. E 5. T 5. B 6. F 6. A 7. F 7. A 8. T 8. D 9. F 9. D 10. F 10. B 11. B 12. D Definitions

More information

AST 301 Introduction to Astronomy

AST 301 Introduction to Astronomy AST 301 Introduction to Astronomy John Lacy RLM 16.332 471-1469 lacy@astro.as.utexas.edu Myoungwon Jeon RLM 16.216 471-0445 myjeon@astro.as.utexas.edu Bohua Li RLM 16.212 471-8443 bohuali@astro.as.utexas.edu

More information

BROCK UNIVERSITY. 1. The observation that the intervals of time between two successive quarter phases of the Moon are very nearly equal implies that

BROCK UNIVERSITY. 1. The observation that the intervals of time between two successive quarter phases of the Moon are very nearly equal implies that BROCK UNIVERSITY Page 1 of 10 Test 1: November 2014 Number of pages: 10 Course: ASTR 1P01, Section 2 Number of students: 961 Examination date: 7 November 2014 Time limit: 50 min Time of Examination: 17:00

More information

Name: Earth 110 Exploration of the Solar System Assignment 1: Celestial Motions and Forces Due on Tuesday, Jan. 19, 2016

Name: Earth 110 Exploration of the Solar System Assignment 1: Celestial Motions and Forces Due on Tuesday, Jan. 19, 2016 Name: Earth 110 Exploration of the Solar System Assignment 1: Celestial Motions and Forces Due on Tuesday, Jan. 19, 2016 Why are celestial motions and forces important? They explain the world around us.

More information

D. A system of assumptions and principles applicable to a wide range of phenomena that has been repeatedly verified

D. A system of assumptions and principles applicable to a wide range of phenomena that has been repeatedly verified ASTRONOMY 1 EXAM 1 Name Identify Terms - Matching (20 @ 1 point each = 20 pts.) 1 Solar System G 7. aphelion N 14. eccentricity M 2. Planet E 8. apparent visual magnitude R 15. empirical Q 3. Star P 9.

More information

Position 3. None - it is always above the horizon. Agree with student 2; star B never crosses horizon plane, so it can t rise or set.

Position 3. None - it is always above the horizon. Agree with student 2; star B never crosses horizon plane, so it can t rise or set. Position 3 None - it is always above the horizon. N E W S Agree with student 2; star B never crosses horizon plane, so it can t rise or set. Imaginary plane No; the Earth blocks the view. Star A at position

More information

Name Period Date Earth and Space Science. Solar System Review

Name Period Date Earth and Space Science. Solar System Review Name Period Date Earth and Space Science Solar System Review 1. is the spinning a planetary object on its axis. 2. is the backward motion of planets. 3. The is a unit less number between 0 and 1 that describes

More information

Gravity. Newton s Law of Gravitation Kepler s Laws of Planetary Motion Gravitational Fields

Gravity. Newton s Law of Gravitation Kepler s Laws of Planetary Motion Gravitational Fields Gravity Newton s Law of Gravitation Kepler s Laws of Planetary Motion Gravitational Fields Simulation Synchronous Rotation https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=ozib_l eg75q Sun-Earth-Moon System https://vimeo.com/16015937

More information

Astro 210 Lecture 6 Jan 29, 2018

Astro 210 Lecture 6 Jan 29, 2018 Astro 210 Lecture 6 Jan 29, 2018 Announcements HW2 due online in PDF, Friday 5:00 pm HW1 extended until 11:59pm today register your iclicker; link on course webpage first Planetarium shows Mon Feb 5 and

More information

9/12/2010. The Four Fundamental Forces of Nature. 1. Gravity 2. Electromagnetism 3. The Strong Nuclear Force 4. The Weak Nuclear Force

9/12/2010. The Four Fundamental Forces of Nature. 1. Gravity 2. Electromagnetism 3. The Strong Nuclear Force 4. The Weak Nuclear Force The Four Fundamental Forces of Nature 1. Gravity 2. Electromagnetism 3. The Strong Nuclear Force 4. The Weak Nuclear Force The Universe is made of matter Gravity the force of attraction between matter

More information

Ch. 22 Origin of Modern Astronomy Pretest

Ch. 22 Origin of Modern Astronomy Pretest Ch. 22 Origin of Modern Astronomy Pretest Ch. 22 Origin of Modern Astronomy Pretest 1. True or False: Early Greek astronomers (600 B.C. A.D. 150) used telescopes to observe the stars. Ch. 22 Origin of

More information

Chapter 1 The Copernican Revolution

Chapter 1 The Copernican Revolution Chapter 1 The Copernican Revolution The Horse Head nebula in the Orion constellation (Reading assignment: Chapter 1) Learning Outcomes How the geocentric model accounts for the retrograde motion of planets?

More information

Eclipses and Forces. Jan 21, ) Review 2) Eclipses 3) Kepler s Laws 4) Newton s Laws

Eclipses and Forces. Jan 21, ) Review 2) Eclipses 3) Kepler s Laws 4) Newton s Laws Eclipses and Forces Jan 21, 2004 1) Review 2) Eclipses 3) Kepler s Laws 4) Newton s Laws Review Lots of motion The Moon revolves around the Earth Eclipses Solar Lunar the Sun, Earth and Moon must all be

More information

Test Bank for Life in the Universe, Third Edition Chapter 2: The Science of Life in the Universe

Test Bank for Life in the Universe, Third Edition Chapter 2: The Science of Life in the Universe 1. The possibility of extraterrestrial life was first considered A) after the invention of the telescope B) only during the past few decades C) many thousands of years ago during ancient times D) at the

More information

BROCK UNIVERSITY. 1. The observation that the intervals of time between two successive quarter phases of the Moon are very nearly equal implies that

BROCK UNIVERSITY. 1. The observation that the intervals of time between two successive quarter phases of the Moon are very nearly equal implies that BROCK UNIVERSITY Page 1 of 10 Test 1: November 2014 Number of pages: 10 Course: ASTR 1P01, Section 2 Number of students: 30 Examination date: 10 November 2014 Time limit: 50 min Time of Examination: 9:00

More information

2.1 Patterns in the Night Sky

2.1 Patterns in the Night Sky 2.1 Patterns in the Night Sky Our goals for learning: What are constellations? How do we locate objects in the sky? Why do stars rise and set? Why don t we see the same constellations throughout the year?

More information

2. See FIGURE B. This person in the FIGURE discovered that this planet had phases (name the planet)?

2. See FIGURE B. This person in the FIGURE discovered that this planet had phases (name the planet)? ASTRONOMY 2 MIDTERM EXAM PART I SPRING 2019 60 QUESTIONS 50 POINTS: Part I of the midterm constitutes the Take-Home part of the entire Midterm Exam. Additionally, this Take-Home part is divided into two

More information

3) During retrograde motion a planet appears to be A) dimmer than usual. B) the same brightness as usual C) brighter than usual.

3) During retrograde motion a planet appears to be A) dimmer than usual. B) the same brightness as usual C) brighter than usual. Descriptive Astronomy (ASTR 108) Exam 1 B February 17, 2010 Name: In each of the following multiple choice questions, select the best possible answer. In the line on the scan sheet corresponding to the

More information

1) Kepler's third law allows us to find the average distance to a planet from observing its period of rotation on its axis.

1) Kepler's third law allows us to find the average distance to a planet from observing its period of rotation on its axis. Descriptive Astronomy (ASTR 108) Exam 1 A February 17, 2010 Name: In each of the following multiple choice questions, select the best possible answer. In the line on the scan sheet corresponding to the

More information

Chapter. Origin of Modern Astronomy

Chapter. Origin of Modern Astronomy Chapter Origin of Modern Astronomy 22.1 Early Astronomy Ancient Greeks Astronomy is the science that studies the universe. It includes the observation and interpretation of celestial bodies and phenomena.

More information

Today. Planetary Motion. Tycho Brahe s Observations. Kepler s Laws Laws of Motion. Laws of Motion

Today. Planetary Motion. Tycho Brahe s Observations. Kepler s Laws Laws of Motion. Laws of Motion Today Planetary Motion Tycho Brahe s Observations Kepler s Laws Laws of Motion Laws of Motion In 1633 the Catholic Church ordered Galileo to recant his claim that Earth orbits the Sun. His book on the

More information

Earth Science, 13e Tarbuck & Lutgens

Earth Science, 13e Tarbuck & Lutgens Earth Science, 13e Tarbuck & Lutgens Origins of Modern Astronomy Earth Science, 13e Chapter 21 Stanley C. Hatfield Southwestern Illinois College Early history of astronomy Ancient Greeks Used philosophical

More information

Today. Planetary Motion. Tycho Brahe s Observations. Kepler s Laws of Planetary Motion. Laws of Motion. in physics

Today. Planetary Motion. Tycho Brahe s Observations. Kepler s Laws of Planetary Motion. Laws of Motion. in physics Planetary Motion Today Tycho Brahe s Observations Kepler s Laws of Planetary Motion Laws of Motion in physics Page from 1640 text in the KSL rare book collection That the Earth may be a Planet the seeming

More information

Kepler, Newton, and laws of motion

Kepler, Newton, and laws of motion Kepler, Newton, and laws of motion First: A Little History Geocentric vs. heliocentric model for solar system (sec. 2.2-2.4)! The only history in this course is this progression: Aristotle (~350 BC) Ptolemy

More information

DeAnza College Winter First Midterm Exam MAKE ALL MARKS DARK AND COMPLETE.

DeAnza College Winter First Midterm Exam MAKE ALL MARKS DARK AND COMPLETE. FAMILY NAME : (Please PRINT!) GIVEN NAME : (Please PRINT!) Signature: ASTRONOMY 4 DeAnza College Winter 2018 First Midterm Exam MAKE ALL MARKS DARK AND COMPLETE. Instructions: 1. On your Parscore sheet

More information

Was Ptolemy Pstupid?

Was Ptolemy Pstupid? Was Ptolemy Pstupid? Why such a silly title for today s lecture? Sometimes we tend to think that ancient astronomical ideas were stupid because today we know that they were wrong. But, while their models

More information

How do we describe motion?

How do we describe motion? Chapter 4 Making Sense of the Universe: Understanding Motion, Energy, and Gravity 4.1 Describing Motion: Examples from Everyday Life Our goals for learning: How do we describe motion? How is mass different

More information

Kepler s Laws of Orbital Motion. Lecture 5 January 24, 2013

Kepler s Laws of Orbital Motion. Lecture 5 January 24, 2013 Kepler s Laws of Orbital Motion Lecture 5 January 24, 2013 Team Extra Credit Two teams: Io & Genius Every class (that is not an exam/exam review) will have a question asked to a random member of each team

More information

At Home Phases Demo. Astronomy 210. Section 1 MWF Astronomy Building. Geocentric vs. Heliocentric system. The Motion of the Planets

At Home Phases Demo. Astronomy 210. Section 1 MWF Astronomy Building. Geocentric vs. Heliocentric system. The Motion of the Planets Astronomy 210 Section 1 MWF 1500-1550 134 Astronomy Building This Class (Lecture 4): Early Cosmology HW #1 Due on Friday! Next Class: You missed the first planetarium show. Cosmic Revolution Music: Twilight

More information

PHYS 106 Fall 2151 Homework 3 Due: Thursday, 8 Oct 2015

PHYS 106 Fall 2151 Homework 3 Due: Thursday, 8 Oct 2015 PHYS 106 Fall 2151 Homework 3 Due: Thursday, 8 Oct 2015 When you do a calculation, show all your steps. Do not just give an answer. You may work with others, but the work you submit should be your own.

More information

What is a Satellite? A satellite is an object that orbits another object. Ex. Radio satellite, moons, planets

What is a Satellite? A satellite is an object that orbits another object. Ex. Radio satellite, moons, planets Planetary Orbit Planetary Orbits What shape do planets APPEAR to orbit the sun? Planets APPEAR to orbit in a circle. What shape do the planets orbit the sun??? Each planet Orbits the Sun in an ellipse

More information

Planets in the Sky ASTR 101 2/16/2018

Planets in the Sky ASTR 101 2/16/2018 Planets in the Sky ASTR 101 2/16/2018 1 Planets in the Sky 2018 paths of Jupiter among stars (2017/2018) Unlike stars which have fixed positions in the sky (celestial sphere), planets seem to move with

More information

The History of Astronomy

The History of Astronomy The History of Astronomy The History of Astronomy Earliest astronomical record: a lunar calendar etched on bone from 6500 B.C. Uganda. Also we find early groups noted the Sun, Moon, Mercury, Venus, Earth,

More information

Chapter 2. The Rise of Astronomy. Copyright (c) The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc. Permission required for reproduction or display.

Chapter 2. The Rise of Astronomy. Copyright (c) The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc. Permission required for reproduction or display. Chapter 2 The Rise of Astronomy Copyright (c) The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc. Permission required for reproduction or display. Periods of Western Astronomy Western astronomy divides into 4 periods Prehistoric

More information

Kepler s Laws of Orbital Motion. Lecture 5 January 30, 2014

Kepler s Laws of Orbital Motion. Lecture 5 January 30, 2014 Kepler s Laws of Orbital Motion Lecture 5 January 30, 2014 Parallax If distance is measured in parsecs then d = 1 PA Where PA is the parallax angle, in arcsec NOTE: The distance from the Sun to the Earth

More information

Calculational Problems

Calculational Problems Midterm Exam, AST 203, Spring 2012 Thursday, March 15, 3:00-4:20 PM General grading rules for calculational problems: 4 points off for each arithmetic or algebraic error. Two points off per problem for

More information

Earth Science, 11e. Origin of Modern Astronomy Chapter 21. Early history of astronomy. Early history of astronomy. Early history of astronomy

Earth Science, 11e. Origin of Modern Astronomy Chapter 21. Early history of astronomy. Early history of astronomy. Early history of astronomy 2006 Pearson Prentice Hall Lecture Outlines PowerPoint Chapter 21 Earth Science 11e Tarbuck/Lutgens This work is protected by United States copyright laws and is provided solely for the use of instructors

More information

ASTR 1010 Spring 2016 Study Notes Dr. Magnani

ASTR 1010 Spring 2016 Study Notes Dr. Magnani The Copernican Revolution ASTR 1010 Spring 2016 Study Notes Dr. Magnani The Copernican Revolution is basically how the West intellectually transitioned from the Ptolemaic geocentric model of the Universe

More information

First MIDTERM Exam: Mon, Sep. 22, covering chapters tutorials (review later today).

First MIDTERM Exam: Mon, Sep. 22, covering chapters tutorials (review later today). Announcements First MIDTERM Exam: Mon, Sep. 22, covering chapters 1 3 + tutorials (review later today). Interim grades online, coded by class ID. See course website Grades tab. Another great night for

More information

Chapter 4. The Origin Of Modern Astronomy. Is okay to change your phone? From ios to Android From Android to ios

Chapter 4. The Origin Of Modern Astronomy. Is okay to change your phone? From ios to Android From Android to ios Chapter 4 The Origin Of Modern Astronomy Slide 14 Slide 15 14 15 Is Change Good or Bad? Do you like Homer to look like Homer or with hair? Does it bother you when your schedule is changed? Is it okay to

More information

AST 103 Midterm 1 Review Exam is 3/3/08 in class

AST 103 Midterm 1 Review Exam is 3/3/08 in class AST 103 Midterm 1 Review Exam is 3/3/08 in class Exam is closed book/closed notes. Formulas will be provided. Bring a No. 2 pencil for the exam and a photo ID. Calculators are OK, but will not be needed.

More information

Claudius Ptolemaeus Second Century AD. Jan 5 7:37 AM

Claudius Ptolemaeus Second Century AD. Jan 5 7:37 AM Claudius Ptolemaeus Second Century AD Jan 5 7:37 AM Copernicus: The Foundation Nicholas Copernicus (Polish, 1473 1543): Proposed the first modern heliocentric model, motivated by inaccuracies of the Ptolemaic

More information

Today. Events. Energy. Gravity. Homework Due Next time. Practice Exam posted

Today. Events. Energy. Gravity. Homework Due Next time. Practice Exam posted Today Energy Gravity Events Homework Due Next time Practice Exam posted Autumn is here! Autumnal equinox occurred at 11:09pm last night night and day very nearly equal today days getting shorter Moon is

More information

The Birth of Astronomy. Lecture 3 1/24/2018

The Birth of Astronomy. Lecture 3 1/24/2018 The Birth of Astronomy Lecture 3 1/24/2018 Fundamental Questions of Astronomy (life?) What is the shape of the Earth? How big is the planet we live on? Why do the stars move across the sky? Where is Earth

More information

Gravitation. Makes the World Go Round

Gravitation. Makes the World Go Round Gravitation Makes the World Go Round Gravitational Force The Force of gravity is an attractive force felt between all objects that have mass. G=6.67x10-11 N m 2 /kg 2 Example 1: What is the Force of Gravity

More information

Astronomy 101 Exam 2 Form AC-key

Astronomy 101 Exam 2 Form AC-key Astronomy 101 Exam 2 Form AC-key Name: Lab section number: (In the format M0**. See back page; if you get this wrong you may not get your exam back!) Exam time: one hour and twenty minutes Please put bags

More information

Observational Astronomy - Lecture 4 Orbits, Motions, Kepler s and Newton s Laws

Observational Astronomy - Lecture 4 Orbits, Motions, Kepler s and Newton s Laws Observational Astronomy - Lecture 4 Orbits, Motions, Kepler s and Newton s Laws Craig Lage New York University - Department of Physics craig.lage@nyu.edu February 24, 2014 1 / 21 Tycho Brahe s Equatorial

More information

Astronomy- The Original Science

Astronomy- The Original Science Astronomy- The Original Science Imagine that it is 5,000 years ago. Clocks and modern calendars have not been invented. How would you tell time or know what day it is? One way to tell the time is to study

More information

THE SUN AND THE SOLAR SYSTEM

THE SUN AND THE SOLAR SYSTEM Chapter 26 THE SUN AND THE SOLAR SYSTEM CHAPTER 26 SECTION 26.1: THE SUN S SIZE, HEAT, AND STRUCTURE Objectives: What is the Sun s structure and source of energy? Key Vocabulary: Fusion Photosphere Corona

More information

Midterm 1. - Covers Ch. 1, 2, 3, 4, & 5 (HW 1, 2, 3, & 4) ** bring long green SCANTRON 882 E short answer questions (show work)

Midterm 1. - Covers Ch. 1, 2, 3, 4, & 5 (HW 1, 2, 3, & 4) ** bring long green SCANTRON 882 E short answer questions (show work) Midterm 1 - Covers Ch. 1, 2, 3, 4, & 5 (HW 1, 2, 3, & 4) - 20 multiple choice/fill-in the blank ** bring long green SCANTRON 882 E - 10 short answer questions (show work) - formula sheet will be included

More information

d. Galileo Galilei i. Heard about lenses being used to magnify objects 1. created his own telescopes to 30 power not the inventor! 2. looked

d. Galileo Galilei i. Heard about lenses being used to magnify objects 1. created his own telescopes to 30 power not the inventor! 2. looked 1. Age of Reason a. Nicolaus Copernicus 1473-1543 i. Commenteriolus manuscript circulated from 1512 1. unpublished 2. Heliocentric hypothesis ii. On the Revolutions of the Planets published year of his

More information

What was once so mysterious about planetary motion in our sky? We see apparent retrograde motion when we pass by a planet

What was once so mysterious about planetary motion in our sky? We see apparent retrograde motion when we pass by a planet What was once so mysterious about planetary motion in our sky? Planets usually move slightly eastward from night to night relative to the stars. You cannot see this motion on a single night. But sometimes

More information

Astronomy 1143 Quiz 1 Review

Astronomy 1143 Quiz 1 Review Astronomy 1143 Quiz 1 Review Prof. Pradhan September 7, 2017 I What is Science? 1. Explain the difference between astronomy and astrology. Astrology: nonscience using zodiac sign to predict the future/personality

More information

The History of Astronomy. Theories, People, and Discoveries of the Past

The History of Astronomy. Theories, People, and Discoveries of the Past The History of Astronomy Theories, People, and Discoveries of the Past Early man recorded very little history. Left some clues in the form of petrographs. Stone drawings that show eclipses, comets, supernovae.

More information

Chapter 4 Making Sense of the Universe: Understanding Motion, Energy, and Gravity. Copyright 2012 Pearson Education, Inc.

Chapter 4 Making Sense of the Universe: Understanding Motion, Energy, and Gravity. Copyright 2012 Pearson Education, Inc. Chapter 4 Making Sense of the Universe: Understanding Motion, Energy, and Gravity 1 4.1 Describing Motion: Examples from Everyday Life Our goals for learning: How do we describe motion? How is mass different

More information

History of Astronomy. Historical People and Theories

History of Astronomy. Historical People and Theories History of Astronomy Historical People and Theories Plato Believed he could solve everything through reasoning. Circles and Spheres are good because they are perfect (never ending) and pleasing to the

More information

N = R * f p n e f l f i f c L

N = R * f p n e f l f i f c L This Class (Lecture 32): Cultural Evolution Next Class: Lifetime ET: Astronomy 230 HW 7 due today! Outline Will a civilization develop that has the appropriate technology and worldview? The most important

More information

a. 0.5 AU b. 5 AU c. 50 AU d.* AU e AU

a. 0.5 AU b. 5 AU c. 50 AU d.* AU e AU 1 AST104 Sp04: WELCOME TO EXAM 1 Multiple Choice Questions: Mark the best answer choice. Read all answer choices before making selection. (No credit given when multiple answers are marked.) 1. A galaxy

More information

History of Astronomy. PHYS 1411 Introduction to Astronomy. Tycho Brahe and Exploding Stars. Tycho Brahe ( ) Chapter 4. Renaissance Period

History of Astronomy. PHYS 1411 Introduction to Astronomy. Tycho Brahe and Exploding Stars. Tycho Brahe ( ) Chapter 4. Renaissance Period PHYS 1411 Introduction to Astronomy History of Astronomy Chapter 4 Renaissance Period Copernicus new (and correct) explanation for retrograde motion of the planets Copernicus new (and correct) explanation

More information

Astronomy 1010 Planetary Astronomy Sample Questions for Exam 1

Astronomy 1010 Planetary Astronomy Sample Questions for Exam 1 Astronomy 1010 Planetary Astronomy Sample Questions for Exam 1 Chapter 1 1. A scientific hypothesis is a) a wild, baseless guess about how something works. b) a collection of ideas that seems to explain

More information

Radial Acceleration. recall, the direction of the instantaneous velocity vector is tangential to the trajectory

Radial Acceleration. recall, the direction of the instantaneous velocity vector is tangential to the trajectory Radial Acceleration recall, the direction of the instantaneous velocity vector is tangential to the trajectory 1 Radial Acceleration recall, the direction of the instantaneous velocity vector is tangential

More information

Kepler s Laws Simulations

Kepler s Laws Simulations Kepler s Laws Simulations Goto: http://csep10.phys.utk.edu/guidry/java/kepler/kepler.html 1. Observe the speed of the planet as it orbits around the Sun. Change the speed to.50 and answer the questions.

More information

Physics Unit 7: Circular Motion, Universal Gravitation, and Satellite Orbits. Planetary Motion

Physics Unit 7: Circular Motion, Universal Gravitation, and Satellite Orbits. Planetary Motion Physics Unit 7: Circular Motion, Universal Gravitation, and Satellite Orbits Planetary Motion Geocentric Models --Many people prior to the 1500 s viewed the! Earth and the solar system using a! geocentric

More information

MULTIPLE CHOICE. Choose the one alternative that best completes the statement or answers the question.

MULTIPLE CHOICE. Choose the one alternative that best completes the statement or answers the question. Exam 1 Physics 101 Fall 2014 Chapters 1-3 Name MULTIPLE CHOICE. Choose the one alternative that best completes the statement or answers the question. 1) Suppose we look at a photograph of many galaxies.

More information

Remember that for one of your observing projects you can go to a star party (stargazing). This is available at the Lawrence Hall of Science every 1st

Remember that for one of your observing projects you can go to a star party (stargazing). This is available at the Lawrence Hall of Science every 1st Observing Project Remember that for one of your observing projects you can go to a star party (stargazing). This is available at the Lawrence Hall of Science every 1st and 3rd Saturday of the month. For

More information

lightyears observable universe astronomical unit po- laris perihelion Milky Way

lightyears observable universe astronomical unit po- laris perihelion Milky Way 1 Chapter 1 Astronomical distances are so large we typically measure distances in lightyears: the distance light can travel in one year, or 9.46 10 12 km or 9, 600, 000, 000, 000 km. Looking into the sky

More information