How inner planetary systems relate to inner and outer debris belts. Mark Wyatt Institute of Astronomy, University of Cambridge
|
|
- Shawn Welch
- 6 years ago
- Views:
Transcription
1 How inner planetary systems relate to inner and outer debris belts Mark Wyatt Institute of Astronomy, University of Cambridge
2 The Solar System s outer and inner debris belts Outer debris: Kuiper belt Inner debris: Asteroid belt + comets Mars The Sun has belts of planetesimal debris at ~40au and 2-3au that collide and fragment into dust observable from Earth as the zodiacal cloud
3 Some nearby stars have outer and inner debris Cold dust at 150au (Wyatt+05; Duchene+14; Panic+in prep) η Corvi is a nearby 18pc ~1Gyr main sequence F2 star exhibiting dust emission at a twotemperatures, from two belts Herschel 70µm Hot dust at ~0.7au (Smith+09; Lisse+12; Defrere+14) VISIR 18µm LBTI 10µm
4 Why we think debris systems have planets Dust replenished by km-sized planetesimals Fomalhaut (Kalas et al. 2008; 2013) Debris disks stirred somehow Cleared inner regions Some disks are asymmetric Some systems actually have planets β Pic (Lagrange et al. 2010; Dent et al. 2014; Apai et al. 2014)
5 Relation of outer and inner debris to inner planets? Minimum planet or disk mass (M Earth ) Inner planets Inner debris + terrestrial planets RadVel Imaging Transit Other Disks M V E M AB J S U N KB Outer planets Outer debris Semi-major axis (AU)
6 Exoplanet stars don t always have debris Spitzer survey of stars with planets from radial velocity studies found no difference in fractional luminosity distributions of the disks around stars with and without planets (Bryden et al. 2009) Explained as debris is >>10AU and planets are <<10AU, but conditions that form detectable planets could have implications for remaining debris (Kenyon & Bromley 2008; Raymond et al. 2012)
7 DEBRIS: unbiased Herschel survey Herschel imaged debris au from 8.5pc G2V star 61 Vir (Wyatt et al. 2012), which also hosts two sub-saturn-mass planets <1au (Vogt et al. 2010) Radial velocity (m/s) 6M earth at 0.05AU 19M earth at 0.2AU Orbital phase While the disk was known by Spitzer, these planets were not known when disk-planet correlations were last considered reanalyse!
8 Debris disk low-mass planet correlation Of nearest 60 G stars, 4/6 with low mass planets have debris, but 0/5 with high mass planets have debris (Wyatt et al. 2012) Kennedy+15 Star Planets Debris HD x 2-5M earth <0.4au Dust 25au 61 Vir 3x 5-24M earth <0.5au Dust au HD x 10-20M earth <0.7au Dust 1au HD x 32M earth 1au Dust au HD x 17M earth 0.5au No dust HD x 5-12M earth <0.5au No dust Red = discovered since 2010 Wyatt+12 Kennedy+15! Planet searches around debris disk stars may be fruitful (di Folco et al.)!
9 Debris disk low-mass planet correlation persists SKARPS sample (99 FGK stars with >1 RV planet, K<6, b>3 o ) (PI G. Bryden) confirms tentative correlation 23/85 =27% Correlation also extends to M stars 100μm 6/12= 50% Of 60 nearest M stars only GJ581, an M3V at 6.3pc with four 2-18M earth planets <0.3au (Forveille et al. 2011) has debris, at 25-60au (Lestrade et al. 2012)
10 Origin of low-mass planet-debris correlation? The formation of a system with low-mass planets is also conducive to the formation of a debris disk that is bright after Gyr why? If planets start at 8au then migrate in (Alibert et al. 2006), many planetesimals end up outside outermost planet (Payne et al. 2009), which would be dynamically stable if no giant planets to remove it
11 Kennedy+15 Planets at 1-30au? Planets 1-30au also favoured as secular perturbation timescales from known planets are >60Gyr (Mustill & Wyatt 2009), so >6au planets may be required to stir the disk RV already sets significant constraints on planets in 1-30au region, but doesn t rule out disk stirring planets See Matt Read s poster for more details on constraints on such planets Minimum planet mass, M earth Known planets HARPS detection threshold Disk Radius (au)
12 Another debris disk planet correlation SKARPS also found a higher disk luminosity for stars with planets (Matthews et al. 2014; Bryden et al. in prep) Agrees with prediction from planet - Fe/H correlation that detectable planets form in more massive protoplanetary disks which also result in higher initial debris luminosity (Wyatt, Clarke & Greaves 2007) Planet stars Non-planet stars
13 Planetary systems with inner debris The mid-ir spectrum of 2Gyr HD69830 is similar to Hale- Bopp; ~400K suggests dust at ~1au with no outer belt (Beichman et al. 2005, 2011; Smith et al. 2009) <2.4au Planet mass, M earth Radius (au) The dust is just outside (?) 3 Neptune mass planets discovered in radial velocity studies (Lovis et al. 2006)
14 Exozodi luminosity function Define as fraction of stars with 12μm excess greater than R 12 = F disk /F * Correlating Hipparcos FGKs with WISE quantifies rarity of large excesses (Kennedy & Wyatt 2013): Most 12μm excess sources are <120Myr Old stars: R 12 >0.1 is 1:1000, R 12 >10 is 1:10,000 WISE detection threshold <120Myr >1Gyr Implications for origin of hot dust and its relation to inner planets?
15 Models'for'origin'of'extrasolar'hot'dust' In situ origin: Steady state: Asteroid belt Terrestrial planet formation Stochastic: Giant impact External origin: Steady state: Comets from outer belt Dust brought in by P-R drag Stochastic: Recent dynamical instability Only if young Requires outer belt
16 Some likely have external origin Keck nulling interferometry at 8-13µm for 47 nearby main sequence stars detected 5 systems with >3σ significance at 1-2% excess (Mennesson et al. 2014) All were around stars with outer belts (5/20 detected cf 0/20 for those without outer belts) Apart from η Corvi, these levels fit expectations from a model in which dust migrates in from the outer belt by P-R drag (Wyatt 2005)
17 Dust distribution inside outer belt Dust created in outer belt migrates in by P-R drag getting destroyed in collisions on way, so an outer belt dense enough to detect (τ>>10-5 ) has little dust in inner regions (Wyatt 2005) however at KIN-detectable levels Alternatively the hot dust detections could originate in comets scattered in from outer belt
18 Good news: inner dust aids Earth-detection As zodiacal dust spirals past Earth it encounters Earth s resonances and some gets trapped causing a clump of dust that follows the Earth (Dermott et al. 1994) Spitzer flew through the clump confirming the model predictions (Reach 2010) Model of non-axisymmetric zodiacal cloud structure (Shannon et al. 2015) Earth Spitzer s orbit Imaging structures in exozodis can be a planet-finding tool (clumps or inner gaps)
19 Bad news: inner dust also hinders Earth detection If inner reaches of planetary systems are permeated with dust, that creates noise that hinders direct detection of Earth-like planets Stark et al. (2014) Pale blue dot detection not limited by zodi brightness, but exodot detections will be if exozodis are >10x Solar System level (Beichman et al. 2006; Roberge et al. 2012; Stark et al. 2014)
20 How common is faint inner dust? Nulling mid-ir interferometry needed to detect <few% excesses HOSTS: NASAfunded project (PI: Phil Hinz) using LBTI to search ~60 of the nearest stars for 11µm emission from inner dust approaching the 10-zodi limit
21 Conclusions (1) Outer debris is more frequent around stars with low mass inner planets (maybe as no giant planets to disrupt the disk?) (2) Outer debris is more luminous around stars with inner planets (as planets form in high mass PPD which also makes more debris?) (3) Inner debris is co-located with inner planets, but is rare around old stars (4) Inner debris correlates with outer debris (dust may be dragged in from outer belt, so expect structures indicative of planets) (5) Inner debris could hinder direct imaging of Earth-like planets, but we don t know how prevalent it is
Debris discs, exoasteroids and exocomets. Mark Wyatt Institute of Astronomy, University of Cambridge
Debris discs, exoasteroids and exocomets Mark Wyatt Institute of Astronomy, University of Cambridge The Solar System s outer and inner debris belts Outer debris: Kuiper belt Inner debris: Asteroid belt
More informationAre planets and debris correlated? Herschel imaging of 61 Vir
Are planets and debris correlated? Herschel imaging of 61 Vir Mark Wyatt Institute of Astronomy, University of Cambridge + Grant Kennedy, Amaya Moro-Martin, Jean-Francois Lestrade, Geoff Bryden, Bruce
More informationDetectability of extrasolar debris. Mark Wyatt Institute of Astronomy, University of Cambridge
Detectability of extrasolar debris Mark Wyatt Institute of Astronomy, University of Cambridge Why image extrasolar debris? Emission spectrum shows dust thermal emission, used to infer radius of parent
More informationDebris disk structure arising from planetary perturbations
Debris disk structure arising from planetary perturbations Mark Wyatt Institute of Astronomy, Cambridge Debris disk structure arising from planetary perturbations Disk dynamical theory and the observables
More informationObservations of exozodiacal disks. Jean-Charles Augereau LAOG, Grenoble, France. ISSI team: Exozodiacal dust diks and Darwin. Cambridge, August 2009
+ Olivier Absil Emmanuel Di Folco Hervé Beust Rémy Reche Alexander Krivov Philippe Thébault Torsten Loehne Vincent Coudé du Foresto Bertrand Menesson Pierre Kervella ISSI team: Exozodiacal dust diks and
More informationThe Fomalhaut Debris Disk
The Fomalhaut Debris Disk IRAS 12 micron http://ssc.spitzer.caltech.edu/documents/compendium/foma lhaut/ Fomalhaut is a bright A3 V star 7.7 pc away IRAS discovered an IR excess indicating a circumstellar
More informationDETAILED MODEL OF THE EXOZODIACAL DISK OF FOMALHAUT AND ITS ORIGIN
EXOZODI project http://ipag.osug.fr/~augereau/site/ ANR_EXOZODI.html IAU Symposium 299 EXPLORING THE FORMATION AND EVOLUTION OF PLANETARY SYSTEMS Victoria, Canada 2013, June 6 DETAILED MODEL OF THE EXOZODIACAL
More informationOrigins of Stars and Planets in the VLT Era
Origins of Stars and Planets in the VLT Era Michael R. Meyer Institute for Astronomy, ETH-Zurich From Circumstellar Disks to Planets 5 November 2009, ESO/MPE Garching Planet Formation = Saving the Solids
More informationDebris Disks: A Brief Observational History Thomas Oberst April 19, 2006 A671
Debris Disks: A Brief Observational History Thomas Oberst A671 Debris Disk; Artist s rendition (T. Pyle (SSC), JPL-Caltech, & NASA http://www.spitz er.caltech.edu/m edia/happenings /20051214/) Debris Disks
More information2018 TIARA Summer School Origins of the Solar System. Observations and Modelling of Debris Disks. J.P. Marshall (ASIAA) Wednesday 18 th July 2018
2018 TIARA Summer School Origins of the Solar System Observations and Modelling of Debris Disks J.P. Marshall (ASIAA) Wednesday 18 th July 2018 [Hogerheijde 1998] Debris disks Tenuous belts of icy and
More informationExozodiacal discs with infrared interferometry
Exozodiacal discs with infrared interferometry First results and perspectives * (post-doc at LAOG, Grenoble) and E. Di Folco (Obs. Geneva), J.C. Augereau (LAOG), V. Coudé du Foresto (Obs. Paris), A. Mérand
More informationPlanet formation in protoplanetary disks. Dmitry Semenov Max Planck Institute for Astronomy Heidelberg, Germany
Planet formation in protoplanetary disks Dmitry Semenov Max Planck Institute for Astronomy Heidelberg, Germany Suggested literature "Protoplanetary Dust" (2010), eds. D. Apai & D. Lauretta, CUP "Protostars
More informationKate Su (University of Arizona)
Debris Disks with Spitzer and beyond Kate Su (University of Arizona) Collaborators: G. Rieke, K. Misselt, P. Smith J. Sierchio, P. Espinoza (U of A), K. Stapelfeldt, F. Morales, G. Bryden (Caltech/JPL),
More informationPlacing Our Solar System in Context: [A 12 step program to learn to accept disk evolution]
Placing Our Solar System in Context: [A 12 step program to learn to accept disk evolution] Michael R. Meyer Steward Observatory, The University of Arizona Dana Backman, SOFIA/SETI Institute Alycia Weinberger,
More informationKuiper Belt Dynamics and Interactions
Kuiper Belt Dynamics and Interactions Minor Planet Center Ruth Murray-Clay Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics Kuiper belt µm ejected by radiation pressure larger grains migrate in via PR drag
More informationPlanetary system dynamics Part III Mathematics / Part III Astrophysics
Planetary system dynamics Part III Mathematics / Part III Astrophysics Lecturer: Prof. Mark Wyatt (Dr. Amy Bonsor on 9,11 Oct) Schedule: Michaelmas 2017 Mon, Wed, Fri at 10am MR11, 24 lectures, start Fri
More informationPlanet Formation: theory and observations. Sean Raymond University of Colorado (until Friday) Observatoire de Bordeaux
Planet Formation: theory and observations Sean Raymond University of Colorado (until Friday) Observatoire de Bordeaux Outline Stages of Planet Formation Solar System Formation Cores to disks (c2d) Observational
More informationDebris Disks and the Evolution of Planetary Systems. Christine Chen September 1, 2009
Debris Disks and the Evolution of Planetary Systems Christine Chen September 1, 2009 Why Study Circumstellar Disks? How common is the architecture of our solar system (terrestrial planets, asteroid belt,
More informationLecture Outlines. Chapter 15. Astronomy Today 7th Edition Chaisson/McMillan Pearson Education, Inc.
Lecture Outlines Chapter 15 Astronomy Today 7th Edition Chaisson/McMillan Chapter 15 The Formation of Planetary Systems Units of Chapter 15 15.1 Modeling Planet Formation 15.2 Terrestrial and Jovian Planets
More informationDebris Disks from Spitzer to Herschel and Beyond. G. H. Rieke, K. Y. L. Su, et al. Steward Observatory The University of Arizona
Debris Disks from Spitzer to Herschel and Beyond G. H. Rieke, K. Y. L. Su, et al. Steward Observatory The University of Arizona Our neighborhood debris disk There was a huge amount of collisional activity
More informationMid-IR and Far-IR Spectroscopic Measurements & Variability. Kate Su (University of Arizona)
Mid-IR and Far-IR Spectroscopic Measurements & Variability Kate Su (University of Arizona) Five Zones of Debris Dust edge-on view of the Fomalhaut planetary system distance, r 1500 K very hot dust 500
More informationPlanetesimals are the building blocks of planets. We can trace them by the dust they produce by
Debris Disks and the Search for Life Amaya Moro-Martín, amaya@stsci.edu Planetesimals are the building blocks of planets. We can trace them by the dust they produce by collisions and sublimation, which
More informationEXOPLANET LECTURE PLANET FORMATION. Dr. Judit Szulagyi - ETH Fellow
EXOPLANET LECTURE PLANET FORMATION Dr. Judit Szulagyi - ETH Fellow (judits@ethz.ch) I. YOUNG STELLAR OBJECTS AND THEIR DISKS (YSOs) Star Formation Young stars born in 10 4 10 6 M Sun Giant Molecular Clouds.
More informationDebris Disks and the Formation and Evolution of Planetary Systems. Christine Chen October 14, 2010
Debris Disks and the Formation and Evolution of Planetary Systems Christine Chen October 14, 2010 1 Outline Dust Debris in our Solar System The Discovery of Dust Debris Around Other Stars The Connection
More informationMolecular gas in young debris disks
Molecular gas in young debris disks Attila Moór1, Péter Ábrahám1, Ágnes Kóspál1, Michel Curé2, Attila Juhász3 et al. 1 - Konkoly Observatory, Budapest, Hungary 2 Universidad Valparaíso, Chile 3 - Institute
More informationThe LBTI Hunt for Observable Signatures of Terrestrial Systems (HOSTS) Survey: A key NASA science program on the road to exoplanet imaging missions
The LBTI Hunt for Observable Signatures of Terrestrial Systems (HOSTS) Survey: A key NASA science program on the road to exoplanet imaging missions W. Danchi 1a, V. Bailey b, G. Bryden c, D. Defrère b,
More informationIRS SPECTRA OF SOLAR-TYPE STARS: A SEARCH FOR ASTEROID BELT ANALOGS
IRS SPECTRA OF SOLAR-TYPE STARS: A SEARCH FOR ASTEROID BELT ANALOGS Debris disks Around Stars In our Solar System, dust is generated by collisions between larger bodies in the asteroid and Kuiper belts,
More informationPLANETARY FORMATION THEORY EXPLORING EXOPLANETS
PLANETARY FORMATION THEORY EXPLORING EXOPLANETS This is what we call planets around OTHER stars! PLANETARY FORMATION THEORY EXPLORING EXOPLANETS This is only as of June 2012. We ve found at least double
More informationWhat Have We Found? 1978 planets in 1488 systems as of 11/15/15 (http://exoplanet.eu/ ) 1642 planets candidates (http://exoplanets.
Exoplanets. II What Have We Found? 1978 planets in 1488 systems as of 11/15/15 (http://exoplanet.eu/ ) 1642 planets + 3787 candidates (http://exoplanets.org) Detected by radial velocity/astrometry: 621
More informationPlacing Our Solar System in Context with the Spitzer Space Telescope
Placing Our Solar System in Context with the Spitzer Space Telescope Michael R. Meyer Steward Observatory, The University of Arizona D. Backman (NASA-Ames, D.P.I.), S.V.W. Beckwith (STScI), J. Bouwman
More informationRuth Murray-Clay University of California, Santa Barbara
A Diversity of Worlds: Toward a Theoretical Framework for the Structures of Planetary Systems Ruth Murray-Clay University of California, Santa Barbara Strange New Worlds. Slide credit: Scott Gaudi ~1500
More informationHot Dust Around Young Stars and Evolved Stars
Hot Dust Around Young Stars and Evolved Stars Kate Su Steward Observatory University of Arizona Dust Zones Revealed by Great Observatories edge-on view of nearby planetary debris disks distance, r, increases
More informationA White Paper for the Astro2010 Decadal Survey Submitted to the Planetary and Star Formation Panel
Debris Disks: Signposts to planetary systems Prospects for the next decade A White Paper for the Astro2010 Decadal Survey Submitted to the Planetary and Star Formation Panel Wayne Holland, UK ATC, Royal
More informationAn Unbiased Near-infrared Interferometric Survey for Hot Exozodiacal Dust
Astronomical Science An Unbiased Near-infrared Interferometric Survey for Hot Exozodiacal Dust Steve Ertel 1,2,3 Jean-Charles Augereau 2,3 Olivier Absil 4 Denis Defrère 5 Jean-Baptiste Le Bouquin 2,3 Lindsay
More informationWhat is it like? When did it form? How did it form. The Solar System. Fall, 2005 Astronomy 110 1
What is it like? When did it form? How did it form The Solar System Fall, 2005 Astronomy 110 1 Fall, 2005 Astronomy 110 2 The planets all orbit the sun in the same direction. The Sun spins in the same
More informationPlanetary System Stability and Evolution. N. Jeremy Kasdin Princeton University
Planetary System Stability and Evolution N. Jeremy Kasdin Princeton University (Lots of help from Eric Ford, Florida and Robert Vanderbei, Princeton) KISS Exoplanet Workshop 10 November 2009 Motivation
More informationSpitzer Space Telescope Imaging of Spatially- Resolved Debris Disks. Karl Stapelfeldt Jet Propulsion Laboratory MSC d2p: Mar
Spitzer Space Telescope Imaging of Spatially- Resolved Debris Disks Karl Stapelfeldt Jet Propulsion Laboratory MSC d2p: Mar 9 2005 1 In collaboration with Jet Propulsion Laboratory: Michael Werner, Chas
More informationPlanetary system dynamics Mathematics tripos part III / part III Astrophysics
Planetary system dynamics Mathematics tripos part III / part III Astrophysics Lecturer: Dr Mark Wyatt Schedule: Lent 2014 Mon Wed Fri 10am MR9, 24 lectures, start Fri 17 Jan, end Wed 12 Mar Problems: My
More informationAstronomy 405 Solar System and ISM
Astronomy 405 Solar System and ISM Lecture 18 Planetary System Formation and Evolution February 25, 2013 grav collapse opposed by turbulence, B field, thermal Cartoon of Star Formation isolated, quasi-static,
More informationAstronomy 405 Solar System and ISM
Astronomy 405 Solar System and ISM Lecture 17 Planetary System Formation and Evolution February 22, 2013 grav collapse opposed by turbulence, B field, thermal Cartoon of Star Formation isolated, quasi-static,
More informationTransneptunian objects. Minor bodies in the outer Solar System. Transneptunian objects
Transneptunian objects Minor bodies in the outer Solar System Planets and Astrobiology (2016-2017) G. Vladilo Around 1980 it was proposed that the hypothetical disk of small bodies beyond Neptune (called
More informationPlanets: Name Distance from Sun Satellites Year Day Mercury 0.4AU yr 60 days Venus yr 243 days* Earth 1 1 yr 1 day Mars 1.
The Solar System (Ch. 6 in text) We will skip from Ch. 6 to Ch. 15, only a survey of the solar system, the discovery of extrasolar planets (in more detail than the textbook), and the formation of planetary
More informationForming habitable planets on the computer
Forming habitable planets on the computer Anders Johansen Lund University, Department of Astronomy and Theoretical Physics 1/9 Two protoplanetary discs (Andrews et al., 2016) (ALMA Partnership, 2015) Two
More informationPluto, the Kuiper Belt, and Trans- Neptunian Objects
Pluto, the Kuiper Belt, and Trans- Neptunian Objects 1 What about Pluto? Pluto used to be considered a planet Pluto is one of a large number of Trans-Neptunian Objects, not even the largest one! Discovery
More informationOn the direct imaging of Exoplanets. Sebastian Perez Stellar Coffee - December 2008
On the direct imaging of Exoplanets Sebastian Perez Stellar Coffee - December 2008 Outline Exoplanets overview Direct Imaging: - Observing strategy - Angular differential imaging HR8799 Fomalhaut beta
More informationMars Growth Stunted by an Early Orbital Instability between the Giant Planets
Mars Growth Stunted by an Early Orbital Instability between the Giant Planets M.S. Clement University of Oklahoma Advisor: Professor N.A. Kaib Collaborators: S.N. Raymond, K.J. Walsh 19 September 2017
More informationarxiv: v1 [astro-ph] 8 Jul 2008
Dynamics of small bodies in planetary systems Mark C. Wyatt arxiv:0807.1272v1 [astro-ph] 8 Jul 2008 Institute of Astronomy, University of Cambridge, Cambridge CB3 0HA, UK wyatt@ast.cam.ac.uk The number
More informationDEPARTMENT OF PHYSICS AND ASTRONOMY. Planets around white dwarfs Matt Burleigh
DEPARTMENT OF PHYSICS AND ASTRONOMY Planets around white dwarfs Matt Burleigh Contents Original motivation DODO - results from our direct imaging survey Where do we go next? The role for E-ELT Direct imaging
More informationComments on WFIRST AFTA Coronagraph Concept. Marc Kuchner NASA Goddard Space Flight Center
Comments on WFIRST AFTA Coronagraph Concept Marc Kuchner NASA Goddard Space Flight Center Exoplanet Science Has Changed Since 2010 35 Habitable Zone Kepler Planet Candidates known, ~12 confirmed planets
More informationConstraining the Evolution of Molecular Gas in Weak-Line T-Tauri Stars. 1. Motivation
Constraining the Evolution of Molecular Gas in Weak-Line T-Tauri Stars 1. Motivation The formation of planets from protoplanetary disks is greatly influenced by the presence or absence of gas in these
More informationDU t d st around NE b ar y Stars
DUNES DUst around NEarby Stars Carlos Eiroa on behalf of thedunes consortium DUNES - Herschel Open time Key Programme with the aim of studying cold dust disks around nearby solar-type stars T l PACS h
More informationGemini NICI Planet-Finding Campaign: Statistical Constraints on Planet Populations
Gemini NICI Planet-Finding Campaign: Statistical Constraints on Planet Populations Eric L. Nielsen Institute for Astronomy University of Hawaii Michael Liu (IfA), Zahed Wahhaj (IfA), Beth A. Biller (MPIA),
More informationMEASURING THE STRUCTURE AND COMPOSITION OF CIRCUMSTELLAR DEBRIS DISKS
MEASURING THE STRUCTURE AND COMPOSITION OF CIRCUMSTELLAR DEBRIS DISKS by Nicholas Paul Ballering Copyright c Nicholas Paul Ballering 2016 A Dissertation Submitted to the Faculty of the DEPARTMENT OF ASTRONOMY
More informationDebris disc stirring by secular perturbations from giant planets
Mon. Not. R. Astron. Soc. 399, 1403 1414 (2009) doi:10.1111/j.1365-2966.2009.15360.x Debris disc stirring by secular perturbations from giant planets Alexander J. Mustill and Mark C. Wyatt Institute of
More informationAstronomy 210 Midterm #2
Astronomy 210 Midterm #2 This Class (Lecture 27): Birth of the Solar System II Next Class: Exam!!!! 2 nd Hour Exam on Friday!!! Review Session on Thursday 12-1:30 in room 236 Solar Observing starts on
More informationFormation of the Solar System. What We Know. What We Know
Formation of the Solar System Many of the characteristics of the planets we discussed last week are a direct result of how the Solar System formed Until recently, theories for solar system formation were
More informationInitial Conditions: The temperature varies with distance from the protosun.
Initial Conditions: The temperature varies with distance from the protosun. In the outer disk it is cold enough for ice to condense onto dust to form large icy grains. In the inner solar system ice can
More informationExoplanets: a dynamic field
Exoplanets: a dynamic field Alexander James Mustill Amy Bonsor, Melvyn B. Davies, Boris Gänsicke, Anders Johansen, Dimitri Veras, Eva Villaver The (transiting) exoplanet population Solar System Hot Jupiters:
More informationThe architecture of planetary systems revealed by debris disk imaging
The architecture of planetary systems revealed by debris disk imaging Paul Kalas University of California at Berkeley Collaborators: James Graham, Mark Clampin, Brenda Matthews, Mike Fitzgerald, Geoff
More informationChapter 15 The Formation of Planetary Systems
Chapter 15 The Formation of Planetary Systems Units of Chapter 15 15.1 Modeling Planet Formation 15.2 Formation of the Solar System 15.3 Terrestrial and Jovian Planets 15.4 Interplanetary Debris 15.5 Solar
More informationOlivier Absil. University of Liège
Olivier Absil University of Liège Seminar at MPIfR Bonn July 15 th, 2011 We all live in a debris disk! 2 nd generation dust (asteroids, comets) Dust is luminous (much more than planets) Dust is expected
More informationSolar System evolution and the diversity of planetary systems
Solar System evolution and the diversity of planetary systems Alessandro Morbidelli (OCA, Nice) Work in collaboration with: R. Brasser, A. Crida, R. Gomes, H. Levison, F. Masset, D. O brien, S. Raymond,
More informationScience Skills Station
Science Skills Station Objective 1. Describe the relationship between the distance from the sun and temperature. 2. Make inferences about how temperature impacted the solar system formation. 3. Explain
More informationSeeing another Earth: Detecting and Characterizing Rocky Planets with Extremely Large Telescopes
Seeing another Earth: Detecting and Characterizing Rocky Planets with Extremely Large Telescopes Image credit: NASA/JPL Caltech/T. Pyle SSC Philip M. Hinz 1 University of Arizona, Scott Kenyon Smithsonian
More informationThe Secular Evolution of the Primordial Kuiper Belt
The Secular Evolution of the Primordial Kuiper Belt Joseph M. Hahn (LPI) March 20, 2003 What Happened to the Kuiper Belt? KBO orbits indicate that some process stirred up the KB Neptune s outward migration
More informationOrigin of the Solar System
Origin of the Solar System Current Properties of the Solar System Look for General Properties Dynamical Regularities Orbits in plane, nearly circular Orbit sun in same direction (CCW from North pole) Rotation
More informationASTRO 310: Galactic & Extragalactic Astronomy Prof. Jeff Kenney
ASTRO 310: Galactic & Extragalactic Astronomy Prof. Jeff Kenney Class 3 January 23, 2017 The Milky Way Galaxy: Vertical Distributions of Stars & the Stellar Disk disks exist in many astrophysical systems
More informationCircumstellar disks The MIDI view. Sebastian Wolf Kiel University, Germany
Circumstellar disks The MIDI view Sebastian Wolf Kiel University, Germany MPIA MIDI SG concluding meeting May 5, 2014 Overview Circumstellar disks: Potential of IR long-baseline interferometry MIDI: Exemplary
More informationLecture Outlines. Chapter 15. Astronomy Today 8th Edition Chaisson/McMillan Pearson Education, Inc.
Lecture Outlines Chapter 15 Astronomy Today 8th Edition Chaisson/McMillan Chapter 15 Exoplanets Units of Chapter 15 15.1 Modeling Planet Formation 15.2 Solar System Regularities and Irregularities 15.3
More informationarxiv: v1 [astro-ph.sr] 21 Feb 2011
Mon. Not. R. Astron. Soc. 000, 1 14 (2011) Printed February 23, 2011 (MN LATEX style file v2.2) Steady-state evolution of debris disks around solar-type stars arxiv:1102.4341v1 [astro-ph.sr] 21 Feb 2011
More informationprotoplanetary transition disks
protoplanetary transition disks (Harvard-CfA) 1. disk evolution and planets why does disk dispersal matter? 40 AU orbit 2. transition disks definitions and observational signatures SMA 880 microns 3. resolved
More informationModeling interactions between a debris disc and planet: which initial conditions?
Modeling interactions between a debris disc and planet: which initial conditions? Elodie Thilliez @ET_astro Supervisors : Prof Sarah Maddison (Swinburne) Prof Jarrod Hurley (Swinburne) Crédit : NASA/JPL-Caltech
More informationImportance of the study of extrasolar planets. Exoplanets Introduction. Importance of the study of extrasolar planets
Importance of the study of extrasolar planets Exoplanets Introduction Planets and Astrobiology (2017-2018) G. Vladilo Technological and scientific spin-offs Exoplanet observations are driving huge technological
More informationOther planetary systems
Exoplanets are faint! Other planetary systems Planets are seen only by reflected light at optical wavelengths At the distance of another star the faint light of a planet is lost in the glare of the star
More informationFrom pebbles to planetesimals and beyond
From pebbles to planetesimals... and beyond (Lund University) Origins of stars and their planetary systems Hamilton, June 2012 1 / 16 Overview of topics Size and time Dust µ m Pebbles cm Planetesimals
More informationFLUOR Science Recent results, ongoing projects
FLUOR Science Recent results, ongoing projects V. Coudé du Foresto, O. Absil, E. Di Folco, P. Kervella, A. Mérand, + CHARA team! + J.-C. Augereau, D. Defrère, F. Thévenin + FLUOR science papers since last
More informationOverview of the Solar System. Solar system contents one star, several planets, lots of debris.
Overview of the Solar System Solar system contents one star, several planets, lots of debris. Most of it is the Sun! 99.8% of the mass of the Solar System resides in the Sun. A hot ball of mostly hydrogen
More informationAstronomy 1140 Quiz 4 Review
Astronomy 1140 Quiz 4 Review Anil Pradhan December 6, 2016 I The Outer Planets in General 1. How do the sizes, masses and densities of the outer planets compare with the inner planets? The outer planets
More information-Melissa Greenberg, Arielle Hoffman, Zachary Feldmann, Ryan Pozin, Elizabeth Weeks, Christopher Pesota, & Sara Pilcher
-Melissa Greenberg, Arielle Hoffman, Zachary Feldmann, Ryan Pozin, Elizabeth Weeks, Christopher Pesota, & Sara Pilcher Formation Overview All explanations as to how the solar system was formed are only
More informationLESSON topic: formation of the solar system Solar system formation Star formation Models of the solar system Planets in our solar system
Unit 2 Lesson 1 LESSON topic: formation of the solar system - Solar system formation - Star formation - Models of the solar system - Planets in our solar system Big bang theory Origin of the universe According
More information2010 Pearson Education, Inc.
Thought Question Suppose you found a star with the same mass as the Sun moving back and forth with a period of 16 months. What could you conclude? A. It has a planet orbiting at less than 1 AU. B. It has
More informationA few points on the dynamical evolution of the young solar system. Renu Malhotra The University of Arizona
A few points on the dynamical evolution of the young solar system Renu Malhotra The University of Arizona A few points on the dynamical evolution of the young solar system Renu Malhotra The University
More informationWho was here? How can you tell? This is called indirect evidence!
1 Who was here? How can you tell? This is called indirect evidence! 2 How does a planetary system form? The one we can study in the most detail is our solar system. If we want to know whether the solar
More informationOUR SOLAR SYSTEM. James Martin. Facebook.com/groups/AstroLSSC Twitter.com/AstroLSSC
OUR SOLAR SYSTEM James Martin Facebook.com/groups/AstroLSSC Twitter.com/AstroLSSC It s time for the human race to enter the solar system. -Dan Quayle Structure of the Solar System Our Solar System contains
More information9. Formation of the Solar System
9. Formation of the Solar System The evolution of the world may be compared to a display of fireworks that has just ended: some few red wisps, ashes, and smoke. Standing on a cool cinder, we see the slow
More informationNature and Origin of Planetary Systems f p "
Nature and Origin of Planetary Systems f p " Our Solar System as Example" We know far more about our solar system than about any other" It does have (at least) one planet suitable for life" Start with
More informationBeta Pictoris : Disk, comets, planet
Beta Pictoris : Disk, comets, planet Hervé Beust Institut de Planétologie et d Astrophysique de Grenoble (IPAG) 1 Outline of the talk 1. The star 2. The dust disk Clues for the presence of planets 3. The
More informationFormation and Evolution of Planetary Systems
Formation and Evolution of Planetary Systems Meyer, Hillenbrand et al., Formation and Evolution of Planetary Systems (FEPS): First Results from a Spitzer Legacy Science Program ApJ S 154: 422 427 (2004).
More informationHow migrating geese and falling pens inspire planet formation
How migrating geese and falling pens inspire planet Common Seminar, Department of Astronomy and Theoretical Physics Lund University, November 2010 About me Biträdande universitetslektor (associate senior
More informationPredicting the incidence of planet and debris discs as a function of stellar mass
Mon. Not. R. Astron. Soc. 409, L44 L48 (2010) doi:10.1111/j.1745-3933.2010.00943.x Predicting the incidence of planet and debris discs as a function of stellar mass J. S. Greaves SUPA, School of Physics
More information5. How did Copernicus s model solve the problem of some planets moving backwards?
MODELS OF THE SOLAR SYSTEM Reading Guide: Chapter 27.2 (read text pages 691-694) 1k. Recognize the cumulative nature of scientific evidence. 1n. Know that when an observation does not agree with an accepted
More informationExoplanets Direct imaging. Direct method of exoplanet detection. Direct imaging: observational challenges
Black body flux (in units 10-26 W m -2 Hz -1 ) of some Solar System bodies as seen from 10 pc. A putative hot Jupiter is also shown. The planets have two peaks in their spectra. The short-wavelength peak
More informationAstro 1: Introductory Astronomy
Astro 1: Introductory Astronomy David Cohen Class 16: Thursday, March 20 Spring 2014 large cloud of interstellar gas and dust - giving birth to millions of stars Hubble Space Telescope: Carina Nebula
More informationDynamic Exoplanets. Alexander James Mustill
Dynamic Exoplanets Alexander James Mustill Exoplanets: not (all) like the Solar System Exoplanets: not (all) like the Solar System Solar System Lissauer et al 14 Key questions to bear in mind What is role
More informationAstronomy. physics.wm.edu/~hancock/171/ A. Dayle Hancock. Small 239. Office hours: MTWR 10-11am
Astronomy A. Dayle Hancock adhancock@wm.edu Small 239 Office hours: MTWR 10-11am Planetology II Key characteristics Chemical elements and planet size Radioactive dating Solar system formation Solar nebula
More informationother Galactic science Jane Greaves St Andrews
other Galactic science Jane Greaves St Andrews JCMT examples Sgr A*: massive black hole Evolved stars: dust and molecules Shell stars: violent mass-loss Shaping PNe: breaking spherical symmetry Pulsars:
More informationYoung Solar-like Systems
Young Solar-like Systems FIG.2. Panels(a),(b),and(c)show 2.9,1.3,and 0.87 mm ALMA continuum images of other panels, as well as an inset with an enlarged view of the inner 300 mas centered on the (f) show
More informationChapter 12 Remnants of Rock and Ice. Asteroid Facts. NEAR Spacecraft: Asteroid Eros
Chapter 12 Remnants of Rock and Ice Asteroids, Comets, and the Kuiper Belt Asteroid Facts Asteroids are rocky leftovers of planet formation Largest is Ceres, diameter ~1,000 km (most smaller) 150,000 in
More informationLife in the Universe (1)
Conditions for the emergence of life and habitability Life in the Universe (1) We call biogenic conditions the set of physico-chemical requirements that must be fulfilled for abiogenesis to take place
More informationThe dynamical evolution of the asteroid belt in the pebble accretion scenario
The dynamical evolution of the asteroid belt in the pebble accretion scenario S. Pirani 1, A. Johansen 1, B. Bitsch 1, A. J. Mustill 1 and D. Turrini 2,3 1 Lund Observatory, Department of Astronomy and
More information