The Space Around Us. A quick overview of the solar system. Reid Pierce Lincoln Jr. High Bentonville, Arkansas

Transcription

1 The Space Around Us A quick overview of the solar system Reid Pierce Lincoln Jr. High Bentonville, Arkansas

2 The Universe The Universe is defined as the summation of all particles and energy that exist and the space-time in which all events occur. What does that mean?!?! The Universe consists of the immeasurable space around us and everything in it. Made of many galaxies

3 Hubble Telescope Top Ten

4 10 The Trifid Nebula: a 'stellar nursery,' 9,000 light years from here, where new stars are being born.

5 The glowering eyes from 114 million light years away are the swirling cores of two merging galaxies called NGC 2207 and IC 2163 in the distant Canis Major constellation. 9

6 8 Starry Night, so named because it reminded astronomers of the Van Gogh painting. It is a halo of light around a star in the Milky Way.

7 Van Gogh s painting Starry Night

8 The Perfect Storm, a small region in the Swan Nebula, 5,500 light years away, described as 'a bubbly ocean of hydrogen and small amounts of oxygen, sulphur and other elements'. 7

9 6 In sixth place is the Cone Nebula. The part pictured here is 2.5 light years in length (the equivalent of 23 million return trips to the Moon).

10 5 The Hourglass Nebula, 8,000 light years away, has a pinched-inthe-middle look because the winds that shape it are weaker at the centre.

11 At four is the Cat's Eye Nebula 4

12 In third place is Nebula NGC 2392, called Eskimo because it looks like a face surrounded by a furry hood. The hood is, in fact, a ring of comet-shaped objects flying away from a dying star. Eskimo is 5,000 light years from Earth. 3

13 The Ant Nebula, a cloud of dust and gas whose technical name is Mz3, resembles an ant when observed using ground-based telescopes. The nebula lies within our galaxy between 3,000 and 6,000 light years from Earth. 2

14 The Sombrero Galaxy - 28 million light years from Earth - was voted best picture taken by the Hubble telescope. The dimensions of the galaxy, officially called M104, are as spectacular as its appearance. It has 800 billion suns and is 50,000 light years across. 1

15 More Hubble Telescope Pics. Thousands of sparkling young stars are nestled within the giant nebula NGC This stellar jewel box is one of the most massive young star clusters in the Milky Way galaxy. This picture was taken on October 2, 2007 by the Hubble Space Telescope.

16 Our Galaxy Called the Milky Way Galaxy about 80,000 to 100,000 light-years in diameter

17 Light Years 1 light year equals the distance light travels in 1 year Light travels at 299,792,458 meters per second! (or 670,616,629 miles per hour!) So 1 light year = 5,878,625,373,184 miles

18 Our Galaxy

19 NGC 7331 is often referred to as "the Milky Way's twin." This is what an observer from another galaxy might see when looking at the Milky Way.

20 Our Galaxy Called the Milky Way Galaxy about 80,000 to 100,000 light-years in diameter Estimated to contain billion stars Each star has planets that orbit it. This is called a solar system.

21 Mercury Venus Earth Mars Jupiter Saturn Uranus Neptune Our Solar System

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24 The Sun The star in our solar system that everything orbits around composed of hydrogen (about 74% of its mass), helium (about 25% of mass), and trace quantities of other elements. Is approximately 9, F

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26 Antares is only the 15th brightest star in the sky!!!

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28 Important Terms Earth s axis - an imaginary line that passes through Earth s center. Rotation - Earth s spinning on its axis - This causes day and night Revolution One complete trip around the sun - This is called a planetary year

29 Create this data table in your notes Planet Day Year

30 The Planets Mercury Day = 58 earth days and 39 minutes Venus Day = 243 earth days Earth Day = 24 hours Mars Day = 24 hours 37 minutes

31 Jupiter Day = 9 hours 55 minutes The Planets Saturn Day = 10 hours 39 minutes Uranus Day = 17 hours 14 minutes Neptune Day = 16 hours 7 minutes

32 The Planets Mercury Day = 58 earth days and 39 minutes Year = 88 days (.241) Venus Day = 243 earth days Year = 225 days (.615) Earth Day = 24 hours Year = 365 days (1.0) Mars Day = 24 hours 37 minutes Year = 686 days (1.88)

33 The Planets Jupiter Day = 9 hours 55 minutes Year = 11.9 earth years (11.9) Saturn Day = 10 hours 39 minutes Year = 29.5 earth years (29.5) Uranus Day = 17 hours 14 minutes Year = 84 earth years (84) Neptune Day = 16 hours 7 minutes Year = 165 earth years (165)

34 How much would you weigh on another planet?

35 Important Terms Planetary Year the length of time it takes a planet to orbit the sun

36 The reason for the seasons?

37 The reason for the seasons?

38 The reason for the seasons?

39 The reason for the seasons?

40 The reason for the seasons?

41 The reason for the seasons?

42 The reason for the seasons? BIG FAT LIE!

43 The reason for the seasons? BIG FAT LIE! If winter occurred because the earth was far away from the sun, everyplace on earth would be winter at the same time!

44 The reason for the seasons?

45 The reason for the seasons? When is the earth closest to the sun?

46 So Why Do We Have Seasons? It s the TILT!!! Earth has seasons because its axis is tilted (23.5 degrees) as it moves around the sun and some areas of earth receive more direct sunlight than others. If the earth s axis were straight up and down then temperatures would remain relatively constant (there would be no seasons).

47 Here s what it looks like:

48 Here s what it looks like: The tilt of the earth causes some places to get less direct sunlight than others making them cooler.

49 Fall

50 Winter Fall

51 Fall Winter Spring

52 Fall Winter Spring Summer

53 What causes our seasons