The Characteristic Planet
|
|
- Thomas Hoover
- 6 years ago
- Views:
Transcription
1 The Characteristic Planet Brano Zivla, Abstract: I have calculated a relation significant for planets fro a logical starting point that a whole and its parts are ianently depandant on each other. Keywords: planets, hypothetical ass quantu, pi, pi factor, the Earth, ass of the Universe, characteristic planetary ass Introduction My objective here is to show that the sae reasoning can be used for both icro and acro physical quantities. Applying that approach, in the text below I will propose hypotheses significant for the origin of life on planets. I will use the following values and the forula (1) fro [1]: Hypothetical ass quantu Nuber of Planc oscillations Mass of the Universe i q = E-69 g N=6.3871E+121 M u = q *N= E+53 g 1/ i q (1) where i is a significant ass in the function of i. For the values of i (2, 3, 4) we get the Planc ass, fundaental ass and bacground ass, respectively [1]. In this article, I will expand the forula to refer to planets. Characteristic planetary ass My clai is that by using the above-entioned constants we can calculate significant values of asses, both in particle physics and in cosology. Here I will show only the siplest case for planets, although the sae forula can be applied to other significant cosological structures. For cosological structures, I have defined the following forula (2): 1 1/ * q (2) Apparently, the forula (2) we can also express in the following for (3): 1/ * Mu (3) Therefore, i in (1) is the product of hypothetical ass quantu, while in (3) is a part of the whole (the ass of the Universe). Here deterines which for of a structure we will have in cosological proportions. Therefore, for: 1
2 we get the sphere and the related ass: = 4 /3 = (4) 1/ -3/4 * M = (4 /3)*M *N E + 24 g (5) u Let s call this ass the characteristic planetary ass and a hypothetical planet with that ass the characteristic planet. The ass is obtained fro siple conditions: that it is true for (2) or for (3) and that an ideal sphere structure is expected (4). The ey difference copared to (1) is that in (3) we have the appearance of, which is understandable since for is a property of the atter, while that is not true for eleentary particles. Let's proceed with phrasing the hypotheses. Hypothesis I: The ass has special significance in cosology. This is yet to be researched and physically described. The planets in the solar syste can be copared in different ways in relation to the above forulas and especially in relation to the ass. Therefore, it is possible to deterine relations for every single planet regarding: its particular shape; the coparison of the planet s developent stages; the nown density of the planet and its state of atter; its gravitational acceleration. I should ephasize here that in forula (5) in the product and in the exponent are identical for an ideal sphere (4). For real planets with ass, we should use 1 in the product and 2 in the exponent. Assuing that we are describing a planet which did no go through accretion, we can deterine idealized p value which eets the condition that: u 1/ p p* M u (6) The above can also be expressed in this way: Every real planet can be presented by forula (6), which represents its shape under the assuption that there was no accretion. I suppose that the ey property of the characteristic planet is that it resides in the zero value of force on the Boscovitch force curve [1], [3], eaning that the equilibriu has been achieved between accretion and excretion. The Pi Factor Let's define the relative difference (7) for the planet ass in relation to the reference characteristic planetary ass. x (7) / 2
3 In order to ore siply present the deviation of the planet ass fro, let s define the value of Pf: Pf 1/ x / (8) Let s call Pf "the pi factor". The reason for that nae is that the constant features atheatical constant which constitutes the crucial difference between forulas (1) and (3) for icro, i.e. acro world. Consequently, the second hypothesis is: Hypothesis II: The pi factor is the easure of possibility of appearance of life on planets. Table 1 below applies (8) to the Solar Syste planets. Table 1. Mass of the Solar Syste planets and their pi factor a) Solar Syste planets b) planets with their satellites Characteristic planet E+24 Pf / s 3 Pf / s Planets Mass (g) a b Mercury E Venus E Earth E Mars E Jupiter E Saturn E Uranus E Neptune E Moon (Earth) E Ganyede (Jupiter) E Europa (Jupiter) E Titan (Saturn) E As you can see in the table, the pi factor is uch greater for the Earth than for the other planets. The next biggest pi factor is Venus and it is as uch as 12 ties saller than the pi factor of the Earth. If we copare planetary systes instead of planets, i.e. ass of planets together with their satellites s, then the pi factor for Venus, which has no satellites, would stay the sae, while that of the Earth/Moon syste would be: Pf / s / (9) earth oon Hence, as uch as 42 ties greater than Venus. Copared to other planetary systes with satellites, it would still be significantly greater than copared to Venus syste, see Graph 1. Note that only certain, ost assive planet satellites have been included.
4 Pi factor a b Mercury Venus Earth Mars Jupiter Saturn Uranus Neptune Graph 1. Pi factor graph a) Solar Syste planets b) Planets with their satellites The question that arises here is whether this exceptional feature of the Earth, evident in the pi factor, is what aes the Earth unique and enables the existence of life and huan civilization? It is expected that the star around which a planet orbits, and to a lesser extent the galactic syste to which it belongs, are also iportant, therefore, for the we should deterine siilar factors on the basis of available data. Anyway, it is expected that high pi factor is a necessary condition for the appearance of life and civilization, although possibly not the only one. If the pi factor is doinantly significant for the developent of civilization, then all the planets with Pf planet >Pf Earth would have better conditions for the developent of life than the Earth, which leads us to the third hypothesis: Hypothesis III: It does not necessarily have to be a planet, even a planet s satellite with high pi factor can have conditions for the appearance of life and developent of civilization. All the satellites in the Solar Syste have the pi factor lower than 0.1, so that fact can be used to chec the hypothesis. Assuption about the iportance of the pi factor can be verified if it turns out that Venus really is the next planet with the highest probability of life, as the Table 1 suggests. Forulas (8) and (7) clearly single out planet Earth fro other planets in our Solar Syste. They require only one paraenter of a planet, its ass. The assuption is that all other physical paraeters of a planet (radius, density, teperature, atosphere, etc.) follow the ain paraeter, planetary ass. This eans that it is not necessary to define the coplex 4
5 indexes for life on a planet, with weighting factors for the applied physical paraeters of a planet, which leads us to: Hypothesis IV: Planetary ass preserves in the best way physical characteristics necessary for life. Conclusion The assuption here is that, just lie in icro proportions there is the Planc ass, that in cosological proportions there are also significant asses. I a proposing one such ass here, the characteristic planetary ass, and discussing the possibility of this ass giving an answer to the possibility of life on planets. I a also presenting the pi factor in tables and graphs, which is derived fro the characteristic planetary ass on the exaple of the Solar Syste. This article does not contain physical explanations, as I believe that relations between the whole and its parts are ore general than physical laws and phenoena. Everything in the Universe is a result of ianent relations which govern it. Therefore, for exaple, the answer to the question of origin of the characteristic planetary ass is the sae as in the case of the Planc ass: It siply exists. Actually, the asses are the result of the unity of a whole and its parts and they are reflected and can be explained through relations in which they appear and physical laws which arise fro there. Astrophysicists could give answers to the following questions: How does the pi factor of a planet change over tie, especially that of the Earth? Is it ore rational to use the forula (8) or (9)? What are physical characteristics of the characteristic planet? Or they could estiate: How any planets are there with the ass Earth < < +( - Earth )? How any planets are there with the ass Earth+Moon < < +( - Earth+Moon )? How any planets are there with the ass Venus < < +( - Venus )? Answers to these questions can help confir/refute the proposed hypotheses. The advantage of the suggested pi factor for deterining the possibility of life on planets is that it is not restriced to a specific planet (the Earth) and that it contains just one paraenter (ass), which is relatively easily deterined. It is quite unliely that the forula (3) and everything that arises fro it is a coincidence, as well as everything presented in [2] and related to large nuber N, nuber of Planc oscillations. I believe that the proposed theory is in accordance with the force curve in [3], and that it can additionally be explained by Boscovich's theory. Novi Sad, October
6 References: [1] Brano Zivla, Dragoslav Stoiljovich, Relations Between Significant Masses in the Micro and Macro World Based on the Boscovich's Theory, [2] Zivla B., "Dozen Coincidences?! One Rule", [3] Boscovich J. R.: (a) "Theoria philosophia naturalis redacta ad unica lege viriu in naturaexistentiu", first (Wien, 1758) and second (Venetiis, 1763) edition in Latin language; (b) "A Theory of Natural Philosophy", in English, The M.I.T. Press, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cabridge, Massachusetts and London, England, first edition 1922, second edition
3. Period Law: Simplified proof for circular orbits Equate gravitational and centripetal forces
Physics 106 Lecture 10 Kepler s Laws and Planetary Motion-continued SJ 7 th ed.: Chap 1., 1.6 Kepler s laws of planetary otion Orbit Law Area Law Period Law Satellite and planetary orbits Orbits, potential,
More informationSupervised assessment: Modelling and problem-solving task
Matheatics C 2008 Saple assessent instruent and indicative student response Supervised assessent: Modelling and proble-solving tas This saple is intended to infor the design of assessent instruents in
More informationUSEFUL HINTS FOR SOLVING PHYSICS OLYMPIAD PROBLEMS. By: Ian Blokland, Augustana Campus, University of Alberta
1 USEFUL HINTS FOR SOLVING PHYSICS OLYMPIAD PROBLEMS By: Ian Bloland, Augustana Capus, University of Alberta For: Physics Olypiad Weeend, April 6, 008, UofA Introduction: Physicists often attept to solve
More informationU V. r In Uniform Field the Potential Difference is V Ed
SPHI/W nit 7.8 Electric Potential Page of 5 Notes Physics Tool box Electric Potential Energy the electric potential energy stored in a syste k of two charges and is E r k Coulobs Constant is N C 9 9. E
More informationNewton's Laws. Lecture 2 Key Concepts. Newtonian mechanics and relation to Kepler's laws The Virial Theorem Tidal forces Collision physics
Lecture 2 Key Concepts Newtonian echanics and relation to Kepler's laws The Virial Theore Tidal forces Collision physics Newton's Laws 1) An object at rest will reain at rest and an object in otion will
More informationPhysics 2107 Oscillations using Springs Experiment 2
PY07 Oscillations using Springs Experient Physics 07 Oscillations using Springs Experient Prelab Read the following bacground/setup and ensure you are failiar with the concepts and theory required for
More informationPhys463.nb. Many electrons in 1D at T = 0. For a large system (L ), ΕF =? (6.7) The solutions of this equation are plane waves (6.
â â x Ψn Hx Ε Ψn Hx 35 (6.7) he solutions of this equation are plane waves Ψn Hx A exphä n x (6.8) he eigen-energy Εn is n (6.9) Εn For a D syste with length and periodic boundary conditions, Ψn Hx Ψn
More informationStability of the Moons orbits in Solar system (especially of Earth s Moon) in the restricted three-body problem (R3BP, celestial mechanics)
Stability of the Moons orbits in Solar syste especially of Earth s Moon in the restricted three-body proble BP celestial echanics Sergey V. Ershkov Institute for Tie Nature Explorations M.V. Loonosov's
More informationTHE ROCKET EXPERIMENT 1. «Homogenous» gravitational field
THE OCKET EXPEIENT. «Hoogenous» gravitational field Let s assue, fig., that we have a body of ass Μ and radius. fig. As it is known, the gravitational field of ass Μ (both in ters of geoetry and dynaics)
More information9 HOOKE S LAW AND SIMPLE HARMONIC MOTION
Experient 9 HOOKE S LAW AND SIMPLE HARMONIC MOTION Objectives 1. Verify Hoo s law,. Measure the force constant of a spring, and 3. Measure the period of oscillation of a spring-ass syste and copare it
More informationRationality Problems of the Principles of Equivalence and General Relativity
Rationality Probles of the Principles of Equivalence and General Relativity Mei Xiaochun (Departent of Physics, Fuzhou University, E-ail: xc1@163.co Tel:86-591-8761414) (N.7-B, South Building, Zhongfu
More informationOptical Properties of Plasmas of High-Z Elements
Forschungszentru Karlsruhe Techni und Uwelt Wissenschaftlishe Berichte FZK Optical Properties of Plasas of High-Z Eleents V.Tolach 1, G.Miloshevsy 1, H.Würz Project Kernfusion 1 Heat and Mass Transfer
More informationAstro 7B Midterm 1 Practice Worksheet
Astro 7B Midter 1 Practice Worksheet For all the questions below, ake sure you can derive all the relevant questions that s not on the forula sheet by heart (i.e. without referring to your lecture notes).
More informationForce and dynamics with a spring, analytic approach
Force and dynaics with a spring, analytic approach It ay strie you as strange that the first force we will discuss will be that of a spring. It is not one of the four Universal forces and we don t use
More informationWhat is mass? What is inertia? Turn to a partner and discuss. Turn to a new partner and discuss. Mass is. Newton s Law of Universal Gravitation
Turn to a partner and discuss Newton s Law of Universal Gravitation ass? Mass is the aount of atter in an object.! a easure of the inertia of an object.! easured in units of kilogras.! constant everywhere.!!
More informationm A 1 m mgd k m v ( C) AP Physics Multiple Choice Practice Oscillations
P Physics Multiple Choice Practice Oscillations. ass, attached to a horizontal assless spring with spring constant, is set into siple haronic otion. Its axiu displaceent fro its equilibriu position is.
More informationSIMPLE HARMONIC MOTION: NEWTON S LAW
SIMPLE HARMONIC MOTION: NEWTON S LAW siple not siple PRIOR READING: Main 1.1, 2.1 Taylor 5.1, 5.2 http://www.yoops.org/twocw/it/nr/rdonlyres/physics/8-012fall-2005/7cce46ac-405d-4652-a724-64f831e70388/0/chp_physi_pndul.jpg
More informationCHAPTER 15: Vibratory Motion
CHAPTER 15: Vibratory Motion courtesy of Richard White courtesy of Richard White 2.) 1.) Two glaring observations can be ade fro the graphic on the previous slide: 1.) The PROJECTION of a point on a circle
More informationPart I: How Dense Is It? Fundamental Question: What is matter, and how do we identify it?
Part I: How Dense Is It? Fundaental Question: What is atter, and how do we identify it? 1. What is the definition of atter? 2. What do you think the ter ass per unit volue eans? 3. Do you think that a
More informationPh 20.3 Numerical Solution of Ordinary Differential Equations
Ph 20.3 Nuerical Solution of Ordinary Differential Equations Due: Week 5 -v20170314- This Assignent So far, your assignents have tried to failiarize you with the hardware and software in the Physics Coputing
More informationWaves Unit I Activity: Kinematic Equations for SHM
Nae Date Period Waves Unit I Activity: Kineatic Equations for SHM You have seen four different graphs in the wor you have done on ass-spring systes oscillating in siple haronic otion (SHM). Now we will
More information26 Impulse and Momentum
6 Ipulse and Moentu First, a Few More Words on Work and Energy, for Coparison Purposes Iagine a gigantic air hockey table with a whole bunch of pucks of various asses, none of which experiences any friction
More informationSF Chemical Kinetics.
SF Cheical Kinetics. Lecture 5. Microscopic theory of cheical reaction inetics. Microscopic theories of cheical reaction inetics. basic ai is to calculate the rate constant for a cheical reaction fro first
More informationPHY 171. Lecture 14. (February 16, 2012)
PHY 171 Lecture 14 (February 16, 212) In the last lecture, we looked at a quantitative connection between acroscopic and icroscopic quantities by deriving an expression for pressure based on the assuptions
More informationYes, inner planets tend to be and outer planets tend to be.
1. Planet Density Make some general comments about inner and outer planets density Inner Planets Density Outer Planets Density Is there a pattern or a trend in planet density? Yes, inner planets tend to
More information8.1 Force Laws Hooke s Law
8.1 Force Laws There are forces that don't change appreciably fro one instant to another, which we refer to as constant in tie, and forces that don't change appreciably fro one point to another, which
More informationAstronomy Test Review. 3 rd Grade
Astronomy Test Review 3 rd Grade Match the vocabulary word to its definition. Outer Planets The path a planet takes around the sun. Inner Planets Orbit Sun The center of our solar system. Small, rocky
More informationNational 5 Summary Notes
North Berwick High School Departent of Physics National 5 Suary Notes Unit 3 Energy National 5 Physics: Electricity and Energy 1 Throughout the Course, appropriate attention should be given to units, prefixes
More informationAiMT Advances in Military Technology
AiT Advances in ilitary Technology Vol. 14, No. 1 (2019), pp. 47-57 ISSN 1802-2308, eissn 2533-4123 DOI 10.3849/ait.01247 odelling issile Flight Characteristics by Estiating ass and Ballistic Paraeters
More informationInvestigating the Solar System
Investigating the Solar System This Workbook belongs to: Our Local Star: The Sun Location in The Solar System Interesting Facts 1. 2. 3. 4. Name of Star: THE SUN 5. Draw and Color your own Sun in the blank
More informationMassachusetts Institute of Technology Quantum Mechanics I (8.04) Spring 2005 Solutions to Problem Set 4
Massachusetts Institute of Technology Quantu Mechanics I (8.04) Spring 2005 Solutions to Proble Set 4 By Kit Matan 1. X-ray production. (5 points) Calculate the short-wavelength liit for X-rays produced
More informationModel Fitting. CURM Background Material, Fall 2014 Dr. Doreen De Leon
Model Fitting CURM Background Material, Fall 014 Dr. Doreen De Leon 1 Introduction Given a set of data points, we often want to fit a selected odel or type to the data (e.g., we suspect an exponential
More informationQuestion 1. [14 Marks]
6 Question 1. [14 Marks] R r T! A string is attached to the dru (radius r) of a spool (radius R) as shown in side and end views here. (A spool is device for storing string, thread etc.) A tension T is
More informationThe Weierstrass Approximation Theorem
36 The Weierstrass Approxiation Theore Recall that the fundaental idea underlying the construction of the real nubers is approxiation by the sipler rational nubers. Firstly, nubers are often deterined
More informationLecture #8-3 Oscillations, Simple Harmonic Motion
Lecture #8-3 Oscillations Siple Haronic Motion So far we have considered two basic types of otion: translation and rotation. But these are not the only two types of otion we can observe in every day life.
More informationSpine Fin Efficiency A Three Sided Pyramidal Fin of Equilateral Triangular Cross-Sectional Area
Proceedings of the 006 WSEAS/IASME International Conference on Heat and Mass Transfer, Miai, Florida, USA, January 18-0, 006 (pp13-18) Spine Fin Efficiency A Three Sided Pyraidal Fin of Equilateral Triangular
More informationAnalysis of Impulsive Natural Phenomena through Finite Difference Methods A MATLAB Computational Project-Based Learning
Analysis of Ipulsive Natural Phenoena through Finite Difference Methods A MATLAB Coputational Project-Based Learning Nicholas Kuia, Christopher Chariah, Mechatronics Engineering, Vaughn College of Aeronautics
More informationThe accelerated expansion of the universe is explained by quantum field theory.
The accelerated expansion of the universe is explained by quantu field theory. Abstract. Forulas describing interactions, in fact, use the liiting speed of inforation transfer, and not the speed of light.
More informationTHERMAL ENDURANCE OF UNREINFORCED UNSATURATED POLYESTERS AND VINYL ESTER RESINS = (1) ln = COMPOSITES & POLYCON 2009
Aerican Coposites Manufacturers Association January 15-17, 29 Tapa, FL USA Abstract THERMAL ENDURANCE OF UNREINFORCED UNSATURATED POLYESTERS AND VINYL ESTER RESINS by Thore M. Klaveness, Reichhold AS In
More informationImproving the Koide Formula. Branko Zivlak
Improving the Koide Formula Branko Zivlak bzivlak@gmail.com Abstract. Koide formula has improved on the result /3 in the formula (14). The tau lepton mass is also calculated. This is third version of the
More informationPhysics 204A FINAL EXAM Chapters 1-14 Spring 2006
Nae: Solve the following probles in the space provided Use the back of the page if needed Each proble is worth 0 points You ust show your work in a logical fashion starting with the correctly applied physical
More informationName: Partner(s): Date: Angular Momentum
Nae: Partner(s): Date: Angular Moentu 1. Purpose: In this lab, you will use the principle of conservation of angular oentu to easure the oent of inertia of various objects. Additionally, you develop a
More informationAn Approximate Model for the Theoretical Prediction of the Velocity Increase in the Intermediate Ballistics Period
An Approxiate Model for the Theoretical Prediction of the Velocity... 77 Central European Journal of Energetic Materials, 205, 2(), 77-88 ISSN 2353-843 An Approxiate Model for the Theoretical Prediction
More informationpoints Points <40. Results of. Final Exam. Grade C D,F C B
Results of inal Exa 5 6 7 8 9 points Grade C D, Points A 9- + 85-89 7-8 C + 6-69 -59 < # of students Proble (che. equilibriu) Consider the following reaction: CO(g) + H O(g) CO (g) + H (g) In equilibriu
More informationClassical systems in equilibrium
35 Classical systes in equilibriu Ideal gas Distinguishable particles Here we assue that every particle can be labeled by an index i... and distinguished fro any other particle by its label if not by any
More informationHORIZONTAL MOTION WITH RESISTANCE
DOING PHYSICS WITH MATLAB MECHANICS HORIZONTAL MOTION WITH RESISTANCE Ian Cooper School of Physics, Uniersity of Sydney ian.cooper@sydney.edu.au DOWNLOAD DIRECTORY FOR MATLAB SCRIPTS ec_fr_b. This script
More informationThe Transactional Nature of Quantum Information
The Transactional Nature of Quantu Inforation Subhash Kak Departent of Coputer Science Oklahoa State University Stillwater, OK 7478 ABSTRACT Inforation, in its counications sense, is a transactional property.
More informationChapter 1 Introduction and Kinetics of Particles
Chapter 1 Introduction and Kinetics of Particles 1.1 Introduction There are two ain approaches in siulating the transport equations (heat, ass, and oentu), continuu and discrete. In continuu approach,
More informationYear 12 Physics Holiday Work
Year 1 Physics Holiday Work 1. Coplete questions 1-8 in the Fields assessent booklet and questions 1-3 In the Further Mechanics assessent booklet (repeated below in case you have lost the booklet).. Revise
More informationNonuniqueness of canonical ensemble theory. arising from microcanonical basis
onuniueness of canonical enseble theory arising fro icrocanonical basis arxiv:uant-ph/99097 v2 25 Oct 2000 Suiyoshi Abe and A. K. Rajagopal 2 College of Science and Technology, ihon University, Funabashi,
More informationChapter 1: Basics of Vibrations for Simple Mechanical Systems
Chapter 1: Basics of Vibrations for Siple Mechanical Systes Introduction: The fundaentals of Sound and Vibrations are part of the broader field of echanics, with strong connections to classical echanics,
More informationLecture Outlines. Chapter 6. Astronomy Today 7th Edition Chaisson/McMillan Pearson Education, Inc.
Lecture Outlines Chapter 6 Astronomy Today 7th Edition Chaisson/McMillan Chapter 6 The Solar System Units of Chapter 6 6.1 An Inventory of the Solar System 6.2 Measuring the Planets 6.3 The Overall Layout
More informationIn the session you will be divided into groups and perform four separate experiments:
Mechanics Lab (Civil Engineers) Nae (please print): Tutor (please print): Lab group: Date of lab: Experients In the session you will be divided into groups and perfor four separate experients: (1) air-track
More informationCHAPTER ONE. Physics and the Life Sciences
Solution anual for Physics for the Life Sciences 2nd Edition by Allang Link download full: http://testbankair.co/download/solution-anual-forphysics-for-the-life-sciences-2nd-edition-by-allang/ CHAPTER
More informationPutting Earth In Its Place
Teacher Instructions Overview: During this activity, students build a model of our Solar System to gain insight into the relative sizes and distances involved. ives: The student will: create a scale model
More informationREDUCTION OF FINITE ELEMENT MODELS BY PARAMETER IDENTIFICATION
ISSN 139 14X INFORMATION TECHNOLOGY AND CONTROL, 008, Vol.37, No.3 REDUCTION OF FINITE ELEMENT MODELS BY PARAMETER IDENTIFICATION Riantas Barauskas, Vidantas Riavičius Departent of Syste Analysis, Kaunas
More informationPhysics 18 Spring 2011 Homework 3 - Solutions Wednesday February 2, 2011
Phsics 18 Spring 2011 Hoework 3 - s Wednesda Februar 2, 2011 Make sure our nae is on our hoework, and please bo our final answer. Because we will be giving partial credit, be sure to attept all the probles,
More information3.8 Three Types of Convergence
3.8 Three Types of Convergence 3.8 Three Types of Convergence 93 Suppose that we are given a sequence functions {f k } k N on a set X and another function f on X. What does it ean for f k to converge to
More informationP (t) = P (t = 0) + F t Conclusion: If we wait long enough, the velocity of an electron will diverge, which is obviously impossible and wrong.
4 Phys520.nb 2 Drude theory ~ Chapter in textbook 2.. The relaxation tie approxiation Here we treat electrons as a free ideal gas (classical) 2... Totally ignore interactions/scatterings Under a static
More informationAnswers to assigned problems from Chapter 1
Answers to assigned probles fro Chapter 1 1.7. a. A colun of ercury 1 in cross-sectional area and 0.001 in height has a volue of 0.001 and a ass of 0.001 1 595.1 kg. Then 1 Hg 0.001 1 595.1 kg 9.806 65
More informationAn Extension to the Tactical Planning Model for a Job Shop: Continuous-Time Control
An Extension to the Tactical Planning Model for a Job Shop: Continuous-Tie Control Chee Chong. Teo, Rohit Bhatnagar, and Stephen C. Graves Singapore-MIT Alliance, Nanyang Technological Univ., and Massachusetts
More informationHandwriting Detection Model Based on Four-Dimensional Vector Space Model
Journal of Matheatics Research; Vol. 10, No. 4; August 2018 ISSN 1916-9795 E-ISSN 1916-9809 Published by Canadian Center of Science and Education Handwriting Detection Model Based on Four-Diensional Vector
More informationPhysics Unit 7: Circular Motion, Universal Gravitation, and Satellite Orbits. Planetary Motion
Physics Unit 7: Circular Motion, Universal Gravitation, and Satellite Orbits Planetary Motion Geocentric Models --Many people prior to the 1500 s viewed the! Earth and the solar system using a! geocentric
More informationJournal of Modern Physics, 2011, 2, doi: /jmp Published Online November 2011 (http://www.scirp.
Journal of Modern Physics, 11,, 1331-1347 doi:1.436/jp.11.11165 Published Online Noveber 11 (http://www.scirp.org/journal/jp) Transforation of the Angular Power Spectru of the Cosic Microwave Background
More informationTEACHER NOTES MIDDLE GRADES SCIENCE NSPIRED
Science Objectives Students will investigate and differentiate between planets, moons, and asteroids. Students will understand how planets are classified. Vocabulary asteroid planet moon gravity orbital
More information27 Oscillations: Introduction, Mass on a Spring
Chapter 7 Oscillations: Introduction, Mass on a Spring 7 Oscillations: Introduction, Mass on a Spring If a siple haronic oscillation proble does not involve the tie, you should probably be using conservation
More informationA GENERAL FORM FOR THE ELECTRIC FIELD LINES EQUATION CONCERNING AN AXIALLY SYMMETRIC CONTINUOUS CHARGE DISTRIBUTION
A GENEAL FOM FO THE ELECTIC FIELD LINES EQUATION CONCENING AN AXIALLY SYMMETIC CONTINUOUS CHAGE DISTIBUTION BY MUGU B. ăuţ Abstract..By using an unexpected approach it results a general for for the electric
More informationChapter 4 FORCES AND NEWTON S LAWS OF MOTION PREVIEW QUICK REFERENCE. Important Terms
Chapter 4 FORCES AND NEWTON S LAWS OF MOTION PREVIEW Dynaics is the study o the causes o otion, in particular, orces. A orce is a push or a pull. We arrange our knowledge o orces into three laws orulated
More informationSymbolic Analysis as Universal Tool for Deriving Properties of Non-linear Algorithms Case study of EM Algorithm
Acta Polytechnica Hungarica Vol., No., 04 Sybolic Analysis as Universal Tool for Deriving Properties of Non-linear Algoriths Case study of EM Algorith Vladiir Mladenović, Miroslav Lutovac, Dana Porrat
More informationProblem Set 2. Chapter 1 Numerical:
Chapter 1 Nuerical: roble Set 16. The atoic radius of xenon is 18 p. Is that consistent with its b paraeter of 5.15 1 - L/ol? Hint: what is the volue of a ole of xenon atos and how does that copare to
More informationANALYSIS OF HALL-EFFECT THRUSTERS AND ION ENGINES FOR EARTH-TO-MOON TRANSFER
IEPC 003-0034 ANALYSIS OF HALL-EFFECT THRUSTERS AND ION ENGINES FOR EARTH-TO-MOON TRANSFER A. Bober, M. Guelan Asher Space Research Institute, Technion-Israel Institute of Technology, 3000 Haifa, Israel
More informationNon-Parametric Non-Line-of-Sight Identification 1
Non-Paraetric Non-Line-of-Sight Identification Sinan Gezici, Hisashi Kobayashi and H. Vincent Poor Departent of Electrical Engineering School of Engineering and Applied Science Princeton University, Princeton,
More informationOBJECTIVES INTRODUCTION
M7 Chapter 3 Section 1 OBJECTIVES Suarize data using easures of central tendency, such as the ean, edian, ode, and idrange. Describe data using the easures of variation, such as the range, variance, and
More informationChapter 6 1-D Continuous Groups
Chapter 6 1-D Continuous Groups Continuous groups consist of group eleents labelled by one or ore continuous variables, say a 1, a 2,, a r, where each variable has a well- defined range. This chapter explores:
More informationMeasures of average are called measures of central tendency and include the mean, median, mode, and midrange.
CHAPTER 3 Data Description Objectives Suarize data using easures of central tendency, such as the ean, edian, ode, and idrange. Describe data using the easures of variation, such as the range, variance,
More informationDimensions and Units
Civil Engineering Hydraulics Mechanics of Fluids and Modeling Diensions and Units You already know how iportant using the correct diensions can be in the analysis of a proble in fluid echanics If you don
More informationma x = -bv x + F rod.
Notes on Dynaical Systes Dynaics is the study of change. The priary ingredients of a dynaical syste are its state and its rule of change (also soeties called the dynaic). Dynaical systes can be continuous
More informationESTIMATING AND FORMING CONFIDENCE INTERVALS FOR EXTREMA OF RANDOM POLYNOMIALS. A Thesis. Presented to. The Faculty of the Department of Mathematics
ESTIMATING AND FORMING CONFIDENCE INTERVALS FOR EXTREMA OF RANDOM POLYNOMIALS A Thesis Presented to The Faculty of the Departent of Matheatics San Jose State University In Partial Fulfillent of the Requireents
More informationSome consequences of a Universal Tension arising from Dark Energy for structures from Atomic Nuclei to Galaxy Clusters
unning Head: Universal Tension fro DE Article Type: Original esearch Soe consequences of a Universal Tension arising fro Dark Energy for structures fro Atoic Nuclei to Galaxy Clusters C Sivara Indian Institute
More informationProc. of the IEEE/OES Seventh Working Conference on Current Measurement Technology UNCERTAINTIES IN SEASONDE CURRENT VELOCITIES
Proc. of the IEEE/OES Seventh Working Conference on Current Measureent Technology UNCERTAINTIES IN SEASONDE CURRENT VELOCITIES Belinda Lipa Codar Ocean Sensors 15 La Sandra Way, Portola Valley, CA 98 blipa@pogo.co
More informationWelcome to Vibrationdata
Welcoe to Vibrationdata Acoustics Shock Vibration Signal Processing July 006 Newsletter Pax Vobiscu Feature Articles Given the absence of a third choice, the Universe is either filled with soe hypothetical
More informationThe Jovian Planets. Why do we expect planets like this in the outer reaches of the solar system?(lc)
The Jovian Planets Beyond Mars and the Asteroid belt are the Jovian or Gas Giant Planets that are totally different than the terrestrial planets: They are composed almost entirely of gas They do not have
More informationReading from Young & Freedman: For this topic, read the introduction to chapter 25 and sections 25.1 to 25.3 & 25.6.
PHY10 Electricity Topic 6 (Lectures 9 & 10) Electric Current and Resistance n this topic, we will cover: 1) Current in a conductor ) Resistivity 3) Resistance 4) Oh s Law 5) The Drude Model of conduction
More information8.012 Physics I: Classical Mechanics Fall 2008
MIT OpenCourseWare http://ocw.it.edu 8.012 Physics I: Classical Mechanics Fall 2008 For inforation about citing these aterials or our Ters of Use, isit: http://ocw.it.edu/ters. MASSACHUSETTS INSTITUTE
More informationSimple and Compound Harmonic Motion
Siple Copound Haronic Motion Prelab: visit this site: http://en.wiipedia.org/wii/noral_odes Purpose To deterine the noral ode frequencies of two systes:. a single ass - two springs syste (Figure );. two
More informationA Different Derivation of the Calogero Conjecture
1 Abstract: A Different Derivation of the Calogero Conjecture Ioannis Iraklis Haranas Physics and Astronoy Departent York University 314 A Petrie Science Building Toronto Ontario CANADA E ail: ioannis@yorku.ca
More informationTHERMODYNAMICS (SPA5219) Detailed Solutions to Coursework 1 ISSUE: September 26 th 2017 HAND-IN: October 3 rd 2017
HERMODYNAMICS (SPA519) Detailed s to Coursework 1 ISSUE: Septeber 6 th 017 HAND-IN: October rd 017 QUESION 1: (5 arks) he siple kinetic theory arguent sketched in the lectures and in Feynan's lecture notes
More informationScattering and bound states
Chapter Scattering and bound states In this chapter we give a review of quantu-echanical scattering theory. We focus on the relation between the scattering aplitude of a potential and its bound states
More informationKeywords: Estimator, Bias, Mean-squared error, normality, generalized Pareto distribution
Testing approxiate norality of an estiator using the estiated MSE and bias with an application to the shape paraeter of the generalized Pareto distribution J. Martin van Zyl Abstract In this work the norality
More informationPY /005 Practice Test 1, 2004 Feb. 10
PY 205-004/005 Practice Test 1, 2004 Feb. 10 Print nae Lab section I have neither given nor received unauthorized aid on this test. Sign ature: When you turn in the test (including forula page) you ust
More informationMolecular interactions in beams
Molecular interactions in beas notable advanceent in the experiental study of interolecular forces has coe fro the developent of olecular beas, which consist of a narrow bea of particles, all having the
More informationA Simple Regression Problem
A Siple Regression Proble R. M. Castro March 23, 2 In this brief note a siple regression proble will be introduced, illustrating clearly the bias-variance tradeoff. Let Y i f(x i ) + W i, i,..., n, where
More informationThe Outer Planets (pages )
The Outer Planets (pages 720 727) Gas Giants and Pluto (page 721) Key Concept: The first four outer planets Jupiter, Saturn, Uranus, and Neptune are much larger and more massive than Earth, and they do
More informationFeature Extraction Techniques
Feature Extraction Techniques Unsupervised Learning II Feature Extraction Unsupervised ethods can also be used to find features which can be useful for categorization. There are unsupervised ethods that
More informationQualitative Modelling of Time Series Using Self-Organizing Maps: Application to Animal Science
Proceedings of the 6th WSEAS International Conference on Applied Coputer Science, Tenerife, Canary Islands, Spain, Deceber 16-18, 2006 183 Qualitative Modelling of Tie Series Using Self-Organizing Maps:
More informationAstronomy. = k. Phys We now understand HOW the planets move but not WHY they move. Review. Galileo: The Death of the Earth Centered Universe
Phys 8-70 Astronoy Galileo s Apparatus Deutches Museu, Munchen, Gerany To coand the professors of astronoy to confute their own obserations is to enjoin an ipossibility, for it is to coand the to not see
More informationGeneral Properties of Radiation Detectors Supplements
Phys. 649: Nuclear Techniques Physics Departent Yarouk University Chapter 4: General Properties of Radiation Detectors Suppleents Dr. Nidal M. Ershaidat Overview Phys. 649: Nuclear Techniques Physics Departent
More informationSimple Schemes of Multi anchored Flexible Walls Dynamic Behavior
6 th International Conference on Earthquake Geotechnical Engineering -4 Noveber 05 Christchurch, New Zealand Siple Schees of Multi anchored Flexible Walls Dynaic Behavior A. D. Garini ABSTRACT Siple schees
More informationVIBRATING SYSTEMS. example. Springs obey Hooke s Law. Terminology. L 21 Vibration and Waves [ 2 ]
L 1 Vibration and Waves [ ] Vibrations (oscillations) resonance pendulu springs haronic otion Waves echanical waves sound waves usical instruents VIBRATING SYSTEMS Mass and spring on air trac Mass hanging
More informationIn this chapter, we consider several graph-theoretic and probabilistic models
THREE ONE GRAPH-THEORETIC AND STATISTICAL MODELS 3.1 INTRODUCTION In this chapter, we consider several graph-theoretic and probabilistic odels for a social network, which we do under different assuptions
More information