Gamma ray coincidence and angular correlation
|
|
- Oswin Rogers
- 6 years ago
- Views:
Transcription
1 University of Cape Town Department of Physics Course III laboratory Gamma ray coincidence and angular correlation Introduction Medical imaging based on positron emission tomography (PET) continues to have wide-ranging clinical impact, particularly in cancer diagnosis and management, cardiology and neurology. At the basis of PET is the decay of particular isotopes which emit a positron, the anti-particle of the electron, first postulated by Dirac in 1928, and observed by Anderson in A positron produced in a nuclear decay will rapidly annihilate with an electron, resulting in a pair of 511 kev gamma rays which are emitted almost back-to-back. If both of these gamma rays are detected at two points in space, then the origin of these gamma rays must have occurred somewhere along this straight line. A three dimensional image may be constructed from a collection of such coincidence events, measured at many angles, using the analytical methods of tomography. Positron-emitting radionuclides are nowadays easily produced using particle accelerators, including ithemba LABS. The positron emission particle tracking group at UCT have a high resolution ring geometry PET scanner which is used for particle tracking for studies of particulate flow. 1
2 The experiment In this experiment pairs of gamma rays emitted within a very short time (<< 1 µs) of each other are examined. The to be investigated is mounted at the centre of a circular platform. Two NaI(Tl) detectors are mounted on tracks so that their radical distances from the can be varied. The detectors can also rotate on the platform so that their angular separation may be varied. In this experiment you will use the pair of NaI(Tl) scintillation detectors to study gamma rays detected in time-coincidence, in order to (a) measure the angular correlation P(θ) for MeV photon pairs emitted from a 22 Na ; (b) investigate coincident gamma spectra measured for 22 Na and 60 Co s; (c) determine the absolute efficiency of one of the NaI crystals for detecting MeV gamma rays; and (d) measure the absolute strength of the 60 Co. Set the experiment up as shown below: Detector 1 Detector 2 or ADC/MCA Place the two detectors equidistant from a 60 Co and at 180 angular separation. Set the such that the most prominent -ray signals observed at the output of the s are about 3 volts. Record pulse height spectra on the MCA for each detector. Adjust the gains on the s until the two photopeaks appear at more or less at the centre of the ADC range. Replace the 60 Co with a 22 Na and record singles pulse height spectra separately for each detector. These singles 60 Co and 22 Na spectra can be used to determine an energy scale for each detector. You should not make further adjustments to the and gains. 2
3 (a) Angular correlation measurements θ Detector 1 Detector 2 Coincidence unit Scaler N 1 Scaler N co Scaler N 2 The angular correlation function P(θ) of two gamma rays, 1 and 2 may be defined as the relative probability of 1 and 2 being emitted at relative angle θ. For MeV photons from 22 Na we expect P(θ) to be strongly peaked at θ = 180. Why? Set up the electronics as shown below. Set the pulse height windows on each SCA as wide as possible. Use the scalers to count singles counts from each detector (N 1 and N 2) and coincidences (N co). Vary θ to measure P(θ). Keep factors such as angular resolution in mind when planning measurements and interpreting results. Take readings at 1 intervals for θ near 180. Correct your data for accidental coincidences. How do your results change if you set windows on the SCAs to select only the photopeak associated with the annihilation radiation? 3
4 (b) Coincident gamma spectra θ Detector 1 Detector 2 gate ADC/MCA The singles gamma spectra from 22 Na and 60 Co will be familiar from your introductory gamma ray spectroscopy experiment. Coincidence measurements provide additional information about these spectra and also about the nuclear transitions responsible for the -rays. A pulse height window should be set on the output from detector 1. Pulses from detector 2 are then filtered (or gated ) so as to select for measurement (on the MCA) only those in coincidence with the window signal of detector 1. Explore coincidence spectra measured with detector 2 for 22 Na and 60 Co (by setting the window on the SCA for detector 1 on either the 0.5 MeV photopeak of 22 Na or the 1.33 MeV photopeak of 60 Co). Explain your spectra carefully. It may make sense to measure the 60 Co spectrum over night. (c) Absolute efficiency determination Your result from (a) above can provide a basis for a method of determining 1 (0.5), the absolute efficiency of detector 1 for detecting a MeV photon moving axially through the detector. Work out the method for yourself. The measurements you require are of N 1, N 2 and N co (observed at θ = 180.) Measure using d2 3d1 and for a time interval sufficient to ensure an uncertainty of less than 10% on N co. 4
5 (d) The absolute strength of the 60 Co The absolute strength of the 60 Co may also be calculated. Let the activity of the be D (total number of disintegrations per second). 1 Then the count rate from detector 1 is R1 D1 4. where 1is the efficiency of detector 1 and 1 is the solid angle that the crystal subtends at the. 2 In the same way, the count rate from detector 2 is R2 D 2 4. For every 1.33 MeV gamma ray a 1.17 MeV gamma ray is emitted. If detector 1 detects a gamma ray 2 then the probability that detector 2 will detect the coincident gamma ray is 2 4 slight anisotropy). (neglecting the 2 Hence if the rate detected by detector is R 1 then the coincident rate will be Rco R RR 1 2 Substituting for 22we find Rc. D RR 1 2 Therefore, D. R co Use the calibrated for this experiment and compare your calculated absolute activity with what it should be. (The half life of 60 Co is 5.26 years and 1 curie = disintegrations per second.) ab/24aug2014 5
Figure 1. Decay Scheme for 60Co
Department of Physics The University of Hong Kong PHYS3851 Atomic and Nuclear Physics PHYS3851- Laboratory Manual A. AIMS 1. To learn the coincidence technique to study the gamma decay of 60 Co by using
More informationLAB 4: Gamma-ray coincidence spectrometry (2018)
LAB 4: Gamma-ray coincidence spectrometry (2018) As you have seen, in several of the radioactive sources we encountered so far, they typically emit more than one gamma photon per decay or even more than
More informationGamma-Ray coincidence and 60 Co angular correlation
Gamma-Ray coincidence and 60 Co angular correlation With two γ-ray detectors, it is possible to determine that two g-rays are part of the same cascade by measuring the spectrum in one detector coincident
More informationGAMMA RAY SPECTROSCOPY
GAMMA RAY SPECTROSCOPY Gamma Ray Spectroscopy 1 In this experiment you will use a sodium iodide (NaI) detector along with a multichannel analyzer (MCA) to measure gamma ray energies from energy level transitions
More informationNuclear Lifetimes. = (Eq. 1) (Eq. 2)
Nuclear Lifetimes Theory The measurement of the lifetimes of excited nuclear states constitutes an important experimental technique in nuclear physics. The lifetime of a nuclear state is related to its
More informationhν' Φ e - Gamma spectroscopy - Prelab questions 1. What characteristics distinguish x-rays from gamma rays? Is either more intrinsically dangerous?
Gamma spectroscopy - Prelab questions 1. What characteristics distinguish x-rays from gamma rays? Is either more intrinsically dangerous? 2. Briefly discuss dead time in a detector. What factors are important
More informationGamma Spectroscopy. References: Objectives:
Gamma Spectroscopy References: G.F. Knoll, Radiation Detection and Measurement (John Wiley & Sons, New York, 2000) W. R. Leo, Techniques for Nuclear and Particle Physics Experiments: A How-to Approach,
More informationList of Nuclear Medicine Radionuclides. Nuclear Medicine Imaging Systems: The Scintillation Camera. Crystal and light guide
Nuclear Medicine Imaging Systems: The Scintillation Camera List of Nuclear Medicine Radionuclides Tc99m 140.5 kev 6.03 hours I-131 364, 637 kev 8.06 days I-123 159 kev 13.0 hours I-125 35 kev 60.2 days
More informationPositron Emission Tomography
Positron Emission Tomography Presenter: Difei Wang June,2018 Universität Bonn Contents 2 / 24 1 2 3 4 Positron emission Detected events Detectors and configuration Data acquisition Positron emission Positron
More information3. Perturbed Angular Correlation Spectroscopy
3. Perturbed Angular Correlation Spectroscopy Dileep Mampallil Augustine K.U.Leuven, Belgium Perturbed Angular Correlation Spectroscopy (PAC) is a gamma ray spectroscopy and can be used to investigate
More informationRadionuclide Imaging MII Positron Emission Tomography (PET)
Radionuclide Imaging MII 3073 Positron Emission Tomography (PET) Positron (β + ) emission Positron is an electron with positive charge. Positron-emitting radionuclides are most commonly produced in cyclotron
More informationScintillation Detector
Scintillation Detector Introduction The detection of ionizing radiation by the scintillation light produced in certain materials is one of the oldest techniques on record. In Geiger and Marsden s famous
More information4- Locate the channel number of the peak centroid with the software cursor and note the corresponding energy. Record these values.
EXPERIMENT 2.1 GAMMA ENERGY CALIBRATION 1- Turn the power supply on to 900 V. Turn the NIM crate on to power the amplifiers. Turn the Oscilloscope on to check the gamma pulses. The main amplifier should
More informationStructure of Biological Materials
ELEC ENG 3BA3: Structure of Biological Materials Notes for Lecture #19 Monday, November 22, 2010 6.5 Nuclear medicine imaging Nuclear imaging produces images of the distribution of radiopharmaceuticals
More informationApplication of positrons in materials research
Application of positrons in materials research Trapping of positrons at vacancy defects Using positrons, one can get defect information. R. Krause-Rehberg and H. S. Leipner, Positron annihilation in Semiconductors,
More informationGamma Spectroscopy. Calligaris Luca Massironi Andrea Presotto Luca. Academic Year 2006/2007
Gamma Spectroscopy Calligaris Luca Massironi Andrea Presotto Luca Academic Year 2006/2007 Abstract Here we propose the results of a number of experiments with gamma rays. In the first part we concentrated
More informationPositron-Electron Annihilation
Positron-Electron Annihilation Carl Akerlof September 13, 008 1. Introduction This experiment attempts to explore several features of positron-electron annihilation. One of the attractive aspects of e
More informationSCINTILLATION DETECTORS & GAMMA SPECTROSCOPY: AN INTRODUCTION
SCINTILLATION DETECTORS & GAMMA SPECTROSCOPY: AN INTRODUCTION OBJECTIVE The primary objective of this experiment is to use an NaI(Tl) detector, photomultiplier tube and multichannel analyzer software system
More informationMitigation of External Radiation Exposures
Mitigation of External Radiation Exposures The three (3) major principles to assist with maintaining doses ALARA are :- 1) Time Minimizing the time of exposure directly reduces radiation dose. 2) Distance
More informationORTEC AN34 Experiment 10 Compton Scattering
EQUIPMENT NEEDED FROM ORTEC 113 Preamplifier (2 ea.) TRUMP-PCI-2K MCA System including suitable PC operating Windows 98/2000/XP (other ORTEC MCAs may be used) 266 Photomultiplier Tube Base (2 ea.) 4001A/4002D
More informationCompton Camera. Compton Camera
Diagnostic Imaging II Student Project Compton Camera Ting-Tung Chang Introduction The Compton camera operates by exploiting the Compton Effect. It uses the kinematics of Compton scattering to contract
More informationReadout of LYSO using a new silicon photodetector for positron emission tomography
University of Wollongong Research Online Faculty of Engineering - Papers (Archive) Faculty of Engineering and Information Sciences 23 Readout of LYSO using a new silicon photodetector for positron emission
More informationMass of the electron m 0
Mass of the electron m 0 1 Objective To determine the rest mass of the electron, m e, via γ-ray interactions (mainly Compton scattering and photoeffect) in a NaI scintillation detector. Based on the enclosed
More informationNuclear Medicine Intro & Physics from Medical Imaging Signals and Systems, Chapter 7, by Prince and Links
Nuclear Medicine Intro & Physics from Medical Imaging Signals and Systems, Chapter 7, by Prince and Links NM - introduction Relies on EMISSION of photons from body (versus transmission of photons through
More informationDetection and measurement of gamma-radiation by gammaspectroscopy
Detection and measurement of gamma-radiation by gammaspectroscopy Gamma-radiation is electromagnetic radiation having speed equal to the light in vacuum. As reaching a matter it interact with the different
More informationMEDICAL EQUIPMENT: NUCLEAR MEDICINE. Prof. Yasser Mostafa Kadah
MEDICAL EQUIPMENT: NUCLEAR MEDICINE Prof. Yasser Mostafa Kadah www.k-space.org Recommended Textbook Introduction to Medical Imaging: Physics, Engineering and Clinical Applications, by Nadine Barrie Smith
More informationP6.5.5.4 Atomic and nuclear physics Nuclear physics γ spectroscopy Identifying and determining the activity of radioactive samples Description from CASSY Lab 2 For loading examples and settings, please
More informationCompton suppression spectrometry
Compton suppression spectrometry In gamma ray spectrometry performed with High-purity Germanium detectors (HpGe), the detection of low intensity gamma ray lines is complicated by the presence of Compton
More informationNuclear Physics and imaging in Medical, Security and Environmental applications
Nuclear Physics and imaging in Medical, Security and Environmental applications Andy Boston ajboston@liv.ac.uk Overview of presentation We are utilising segmented HPGe & CZT for Nuclear Structure Physics
More informationAbsolute activity measurement
Absolute activity measurement Gábor Veres, Sándor Lökös Eötvös University, Department of Atomic Physics January 12, 2016 Financed from the financial support ELTE won from the Higher Education Restructuring
More informationGamma-ray spectroscopy with the scintillator/photomultiplierand with the high purity Ge detector: Compton scattering, photoeffect, and pair production
Experiment N2: Gamma-ray spectroscopy with the scintillator/photomultiplierand with the high purity Ge detector: Compton scattering, photoeffect, and pair production References: 1. Experiments in Nuclear
More informationwww.aask24.com www.aask24.com www.aask24.com P=Positron E= Emission T=Tomography Positron emission or beta plus decay (+ ) is a particular type of radioactive decay, in which a proton inside a radionuclide
More informationPET scan simulation. Meysam Dadgar. UMSU, Iran. IFMP, Elbasan, Fig 1: PET camera simulation in gate by cylindrical phantom
PET scan simulation Meysam Dadgar UMSU, Iran IFMP, Elbasan, 2016 Meysamdadgar10@gmail.com 1 Fig 1: PET camera simulation in gate by cylindrical phantom 2 What is PET? Positron emission tomography (PET),
More informationK 40 activity and Detector Efficiency
K 40 activity and Detector Efficiency Your goal in this experiment is to determine the activity of a salt substitute purchased in a local store. The salt subsitute is pure KCl. Most of the potassium found
More informationChapter 18: Radioactivity And Nuclear Transformation. Presented by Mingxiong Huang, Ph.D.,
Chapter 18: Radioactivity And Nuclear Transformation Presented by Mingxiong Huang, Ph.D., mxhuang@ucsd.edu 18.1 Radionuclide Decay Terms and Relationships Activity Decay Constant Physical Half-Life Fundamental
More informationQuality Assurance. Purity control. Polycrystalline Ingots
Quality Assurance Purity control Polycrystalline Ingots 1 Gamma Spectrometry Nuclide Identification Detection of Impurity Traces 1.1 Nuclides Notation: Atomic Mass Atomic Number Element Neutron Atomic
More informationK 40 activity and Detector Efficiency
K 40 activity and Detector Efficiency Your goal in this experiment is to determine the activity of a salt substitute purchased in a local store. The salt subsitute is pure KCl. Most of the potassium found
More informationGamma Ray Spectroscopy
Gamma Ray Spectroscopy Uzair Latif, Imran Younus Department of Physics Lahore University of Management Sciences November 4, 2014 1 Objectives 1. To acquaint the students with some of the basic techniques
More informationApplied Nuclear Physics (Fall 2006) Lecture 21 (11/29/06) Detection of Nuclear Radiation: Pulse Height Spectra
22.101 Applied Nuclear Physics (Fall 2006) Lecture 21 (11/29/06) Detection of Nuclear Radiation: Pulse Height Spectra References: W. E. Meyerhof, Elements of Nuclear Physics (McGraw-Hill, New York, 1967),
More informationTHE COMPTON EFFECT Last Revised: January 5, 2007
B2-1 THE COMPTON EFFECT Last Revised: January 5, 2007 QUESTION TO BE INVESTIGATED: How does the energy of a scattered photon change after an interaction with an electron? INTRODUCTION: When a photon is
More informationCLINICALLY USEFUL RADIONUCLIDES:
INTRODUCTION It is important that Nuclear Medicine Technologists be familiar with the imaging properties of all commonly used radionuclides to insure correct choice of isotope for a particular study as
More informationPositron Annihilation in Material Research
Positron Annihilation in Material Research Introduction Positron sources, positron beams Interaction of positrons with matter Annihilation channels: Emission of 1, 2 or 3 γ-quanta Annihilation spectroscopies:
More informationUnits and Definition
RADIATION SOURCES Units and Definition Activity (Radioactivity) Definition Activity: Rate of decay (transformation or disintegration) is described by its activity Activity = number of atoms that decay
More informationGamma-ray spectroscopy with the scintillator/photomultiplierand with the high purity Ge detector: Compton scattering, photoeffect, and pair production
Experiment N2: Gamma-ray spectroscopy with the scintillator/photomultiplierand with the high purity Ge detector: Compton scattering, photoeffect, and pair production References: 1. Experiments in Nuclear
More informationRadiation Detection. 15 th Annual OSC Readiness Training Program.
Radiation Detection 15 th Annual OSC Readiness Training Program www.oscreadiness.org GM Detectors 15 th Annual OSC Readiness Training Program www.oscreadiness.org 1 A closer look 15 th Annual OSC Readiness
More informationCopyright 2008, University of Chicago, Department of Physics. Experiment VI. Gamma Ray Spectroscopy
Experiment VI Gamma Ray Spectroscopy 1. GAMMA RAY INTERACTIONS WITH MATTER In order for gammas to be detected, they must lose energy in the detector. Since gammas are electromagnetic radiation, we must
More informationAnalysis of γ spectrum
IFM The Department of Physics, Chemistry and Biology LAB 26 Analysis of γ spectrum NAME PERSONAL NUMBER DATE APPROVED I. OBJECTIVES - To understand features of gamma spectrum and recall basic knowledge
More informationEEE4106Z Radiation Interactions & Detection
EEE4106Z Radiation Interactions & Detection 2. Radiation Detection Dr. Steve Peterson 5.14 RW James Department of Physics University of Cape Town steve.peterson@uct.ac.za May 06, 2015 EEE4106Z :: Radiation
More informationJazan University College of Science Physics Department. Lab Manual. Nuclear Physics (2) 462 Phys. 8 th Level. Academic Year: 1439/1440
Jazan University College of Science Physics Department جاهعة جازان كلية العل وم قسن الفيزياء Lab Manual Nuclear Physics (2) 462 Phys 8 th Level Academic Year: 1439/1440 1 Contents No. Name of the Experiment
More informationIntroduction to Environmental Measurement Techniques Radioactivity. Dana Pittauer 1of 48
Introduction to Environmental Measurement Techniques 2016 Radioactivity Dana Pittauer (dpittauer@marum.de) 1of 48 Introduction Radioisotopes are of interest in environmental physics for several reasons:
More informationRadioactivity. The Nobel Prize in Physics 1903 for their work on radioactivity. Henri Becquerel Pierre Curie Marie Curie
Radioactivity Toward the end of the 19 th century, minerals were found that would darken a photographic plate even in the absence of light. This phenomenon is now called radioactivity. Marie and Pierre
More informationSample Spectroscopy System Hardware
Semiconductor Detectors vs. Scintillator+PMT Detectors Semiconductors are emerging technology - Scint.PMT systems relatively unchanged in 50 years. NaI(Tl) excellent for single-photon, new scintillation
More informationOslo Cyclotron Laboratory
Oslo Cyclotron Laboratory Laboratory Excercise in FYS3180 - Experimental Methods in Physics Morten A. Salvesen University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway 2007-09-24 to 2007-11-15 Contents 1 Abstract 1 2 Oslo Cyclotrone
More informationPET. Technical aspects
PET Technical aspects 15 N 15 O Detector 1 β+ Detector 2 e- Evolution of PET Detectors CTI/Siemens 15 N 15 O Detector block 1 β+ Detector block 2 x e- x y y location line of response Constant fraction
More informationProperties of the nucleus. 8.2 Nuclear Physics. Isotopes. Stable Nuclei. Size of the nucleus. Size of the nucleus
Properties of the nucleus 8. Nuclear Physics Properties of nuclei Binding Energy Radioactive decay Natural radioactivity Consists of protons and neutrons Z = no. of protons (Atomic number) N = no. of neutrons
More informationA. I, II, and III B. I C. I and II D. II and III E. I and III
BioE 1330 - Review Chapters 7, 8, and 9 (Nuclear Medicine) 9/27/2018 Instructions: On the Answer Sheet, enter your 2-digit ID number (with a leading 0 if needed) in the boxes of the ID section. Fill in
More informationSlides by: Prof. Abeer Alharbi
Slides by: Prof. Abeer Alharbi electromagnetic radiation of high energy. They are produced by sub-atomic particle interactions, such as electron-positron annihilation, neutral pion decay, radioactive decay,
More informationMeasurement of induced radioactivity in air and water for medical accelerators
Measurement of induced radioactivity in air and water for medical accelerators K. Masumoto 1, K. Takahashi 1, H. Nakamura 1, A. Toyoda 1, K. Iijima 1, K. Kosako 2, K. Oishi 2, F. Nobuhara 1 High Energy
More informationPhysics of Radioactive Decay. Purpose. Return to our patient
Physics of Radioactive Decay George Starkschall, Ph.D. Department of Radiation Physics U.T. M.D. Anderson Cancer Center Purpose To demonstrate qualitatively the various processes by which unstable nuclides
More informationEfficiency. Calculations for Selected Scintillators. > Detector Counting. Efficiency. > Photopeak Efficiency of Various Scintillation Materials
Efficiency Calculations for Selected Scintillators > Detector Counting Efficiency > Photopeak Efficiency of Various Scintillation Materials > Transmission Efficiency of Window Materials > Gamma and X-ray
More informationResponse Function of the BGO and NaI(Tl) Detectors Using Monte Carlo Simulations
Response Function of the BGO and NaI(Tl) Detectors Using Monte Carlo Simulations 271 I. ORION 1,2 1 AND L. WIELOPOLSKI 2, 1 St. Luke=s/Roosevelt Hospital, Columbia University, New York, NY 10025,USA 2
More informationProperties of the nucleus. 9.1 Nuclear Physics. Isotopes. Stable Nuclei. Size of the nucleus. Size of the nucleus
Properties of the nucleus 9. Nuclear Physics Properties of nuclei Binding Energy Radioactive decay Natural radioactivity Consists of protons and neutrons Z = no. of protons (tomic number) N = no. of neutrons
More informationarxiv: v2 [physics.ed-ph] 23 Jan 2018
Studying the effect of Polarisation in Compton scattering in the undergraduate laboratory arxiv:7.0650v2 [physics.ed-ph] 23 Jan 208 P. Knights, F. Ryburn 2, G. Tungate, K. Nikolopoulos School of Physics
More informationYear 12 Notes Radioactivity 1/5
Year Notes Radioactivity /5 Radioactivity Stable and Unstable Nuclei Radioactivity is the spontaneous disintegration of certain nuclei, a random process in which particles and/or high-energy photons are
More informationPOSITRON AND POSITRONIUM INTERACTIONS WITH CONDENSED MATTER. Paul Coleman University of Bath
POSITRON AND POSITRONIUM INTERACTIONS WITH CONDENSED MATTER Paul Coleman University of Bath THE FATE OF POSITRONS IN CONDENSED MATTER POSITRON-SURFACE INTERACTIONS positron backscattering BACKSCATTERED
More informationWhat is scintigraphy? The process of obtaining an image or series of sequential images of the distribution of a radionuclide in tissues, organs, or
Let's remind... What is nuclear medicine? Nuclear medicine can be broadly divided into two branches "in vitro" and "in vivo" procedures. There are numerous radioisotopic "in vitro" procedures for genotyping
More informationRadioisotopes in action. Diagnostic application of radioisotopes. Steps of diagnostic procedure. Information from various medical imaging techniques
Radioisotopes in action Diagnostic application of radioisotopes Steps of diagnostic procedure - Radioactive material introduced into the patient - Distribution and alteration of activity is detected -
More informationCHIPP Plenary Meeting University of Geneva, June 12, 2008 W. Lustermann on behalf of the AX PET Collaboration
CHIPP Plenary Meeting University of Geneva, June 12, 2008 W. Lustermann on behalf of the AX PET Collaboration INFN Bari, Ohio State University, CERN, University of Michigan, University of Oslo, INFN Roma,
More informationModule 1. An Introduction to Radiation
Module 1 An Introduction to Radiation General Definition of Radiation Ionizing radiation, for example, X-rays, gamma-rays, α particles Ionizing radiation is capable of removing an electron from the atom
More information1 of :32
Home Page Products Price List Links & PDFs DISCONTINUED: SEE GAMMA-RAD Gamma Ray & X-Ray Spectroscopy System Hand-Held, High Efficiency NaI(Tl) Detector The GAMMA-8000 is a powerful, portable instrument
More informationRadioactivity. Lecture 6 Detectors and Instrumentation
Radioactivity Lecture 6 Detectors and Instrumentation The human organs Neither humans nor animals have an organ for detecting radiation from radioactive decay! We can not hear it, smell it, feel it or
More informationCT-PET calibration : physical principles and operating procedures F.Bonutti. Faustino Bonutti Ph.D. Medical Physics, Udine University Hospital.
CT-PET calibration : physical principles and operating procedures Faustino Bonutti Ph.D. Medical Physics, Udine University Hospital Topics Introduction to PET physics F-18 production β + decay and annichilation
More informationMayneord-Phillips Summer School St Edmund Hall, University of Oxford July Proton decays to n, e +, ν
Positron Emission Tomography Physics & Instrumentation Dimitra G. Darambara, Ph.D Multimodality Molecular Imaging Joint Department of Physics RMH/ICR Outline Introduction PET Physics overview Types of
More informationRadiation Detection. Laboratory & Computational Physics 2. Last compiled March 2, Constructed from legacy notes with amendments by Innes Bigaran
Radiation Detection Laboratory & Computational Physics 2 Last compiled March 2, 2018 Constructed from legacy notes with amendments by Innes Bigaran 1 Contents 1 Introduction 3 1.1 Prelab questions...............................
More informationCharacterization and Monte Carlo simulations for a CLYC detector
Characterization and Monte Carlo simulations for a CLYC detector A. Borella 1, E. Boogers 1, R.Rossa 1, P. Schillebeeckx 1 aborella@sckcen.be 1 SCK CEN, Belgian Nuclear Research Centre JRC-Geel, Joint
More informationRadiation Detection and Measurement
Radiation Detection and Measurement June 2008 Tom Lewellen Tkldog@u.washington.edu Types of radiation relevant to Nuclear Medicine Particle Symbol Mass (MeV/c 2 ) Charge Electron e-,! - 0.511-1 Positron
More informationRadiation Detection for the Beta- Delayed Alpha and Gamma Decay of 20 Na. Ellen Simmons
Radiation Detection for the Beta- Delayed Alpha and Gamma Decay of 20 Na Ellen Simmons 1 Contents Introduction Review of the Types of Radiation Charged Particle Radiation Detection Review of Semiconductor
More informationDetector technology. Aim of this talk. Principle of a radiation detector. Interactions of gamma photons (gas) Gas-filled detectors: examples
Aim of this tal Detector technology WMIC Educational Program Nuclear Imaging World Molecular Imaging Congress, Dublin, Ireland, Sep 5-8, 202 You can now the name of a bird in all the languages of the world,
More informationPHYSICS 359E: EXPERIMENT 2.2 THE MOSSBAUER EFFECT: RESONANT ABSORPTION OF (-RAYS
PHYSICS 359E: EXPERIMENT 2.2 THE MOSSBAUER EFFECT: RESONANT ABSORPTION OF (-RAYS INTRODUCTION: In classical physics resonant phenomena are expected whenever a system can undergo free oscillations. These
More informationGLOSSARY OF BASIC RADIATION PROTECTION TERMINOLOGY
GLOSSARY OF BASIC RADIATION PROTECTION TERMINOLOGY ABSORBED DOSE: The amount of energy absorbed, as a result of radiation passing through a material, per unit mass of material. Measured in rads (1 rad
More informationSimulation of triple coincidences in PET
136 Institute of Physics and Engineering in Medicine Physics in Medicine & Biology doi:10.1088/0031-9155/60/1/117 Simulation of triple coincidences in PET J Cal-González 1,4, E Lage 2, E Herranz 1, E Vicente
More informationExperiment 6 1. The Compton Effect Physics 2150 Experiment No. 6 University of Colorado
Experiment 6 1 Introduction The Compton Effect Physics 2150 Experiment No. 6 University of Colorado In some situations, electromagnetic waves can act like particles, carrying energy and momentum, which
More informationThere are three mechanisms by which gamma rays interact with absorber atoms from which two are important for nuclear medicine.
Measurement of radioactivity. Radioactive decay is a random process and therefore fluctuations are expected in the radioactivity measurement. That is why measurement of radioactivity must be treated by
More informationInteractive Web Accessible Gamma-Spectrum Generator & EasyMonteCarlo Tools
10th Nuclear Science Training Course with NUCLEONICA, Cesme, Turkey, 8-10 October, 2008 1 Interactive Web Accessible Gamma-Spectrum Generator & EasyMonteCarlo Tools A.N. Berlizov ITU - Institute for Transuranium
More informationTiming and Energy Response of Six Prototype Scintillators
Timing and Energy Response of Six Prototype Scintillators CCM Kyba 1, J Glodo 2, EVD van Loef 2, JS Karp 1, KS Shah 2 1 University of Pennsylvania 2 Radiation Monitoring Devices SCINT 2007 June 7, 2007
More informationarxiv: v2 [physics.ed-ph] 22 Mar 2018
arxiv:181.7786v2 [physics.ed-ph] 22 Mar 18 An undergraduate laboratory study of the polarisation of annihilation photons using Compton scattering P. Knights 1, F. Ryburn 2, G. Tungate 1, K. Nikolopoulos
More informationNeutrino Helicity Measurement
PHYS 851 Introductory Nuclear Physics Instructor: Chary Rangacharyulu University of Saskatchewan Neutrino Helicity Measurement Stefan A. Gärtner stefan.gaertner@gmx.de December 9 th, 2005 2 1 Introduction
More informationCOMPTON SCATTERING OF GAMMA RAYS
COMPTON SCATTERING OF GAMMA RAYS v2.7 Last revised: R. A. Schumacher, January 2017 I. INTRODUCTION Compton scattering is the name given to the scattering of high-energy gamma rays from electrons. The gamma
More informationBETA-RAY SPECTROMETER
14 Sep 07 β-ray.1 BETA-RAY SPECTROMETER In this experiment, a 180, constant-radius magnetic spectrometer consisting of an electromagnet with a Geiger-Muller detector, will be used to detect and analyze
More informationThe Mössbauer Effect
Experimental Physics V85.0112/G85.2075 The Mössbauer Effect Spring, 2005 Tycho Sleator, David Windt, and Burton Budick Goals The main goal of this experiment is to exploit the Mössbauer effect to measure
More informationCharge collection in PET detectors
University of Wollongong Research Online University of Wollongong Thesis Collection 1954-2016 University of Wollongong Thesis Collections 2007 Charge collection in PET detectors Tony Young University of
More informationNeutrino Physics. Neutron Detector in the Aberdeen Tunnel Underground Laboratory. The Daya Bay Experiment. Significance of θ 13
Neutrino Physics Neutron Detector in the Aberdeen Tunnel Underground Laboratory John K.C. Leung Department of Physics, HKU On behalf of CUHK, LBL & IHEP Presented to HKRPS on June 21, 2007 Neutrinos have
More informationIntroduction to Accelerator Physics Part 1
Introduction to Accelerator Physics Part 1 Pedro Castro / Accelerator Physics Group (MPY) Introduction to Accelerator Physics DESY, 28th July 2014 Pedro Castro / MPY Accelerator Physics 28 th July 2014
More informationA dual scintillator - dual silicon photodiode detector module for intraoperative gamma\beta probe and portable anti-compton spectrometer
University of Wollongong Research Online Faculty of Engineering - Papers (Archive) Faculty of Engineering and Information Sciences 2008 A dual scintillator - dual silicon photodiode detector module for
More informationLawrence Berkeley National Laboratory Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory
Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory Title Labr3:Ce scintillators for gamma ray spectroscopy Permalink https://escholarship.org/uc/item/38f0c7zv Authors Shah, K.S.
More informationNuclear Physics and Astrophysics
Nuclear Physics and Astrophysics PHY-302 Dr. E. Rizvi Lecture 24 Medical Imaging Effects of Radiation We now know what radiation is But what does it mean for our bodies? Radioactivity is quantified in
More informationDETECTORS. I. Charged Particle Detectors
DETECTORS I. Charged Particle Detectors A. Scintillators B. Gas Detectors 1. Ionization Chambers 2. Proportional Counters 3. Avalanche detectors 4. Geiger-Muller counters 5. Spark detectors C. Solid State
More informationGeneral Physics (PHY 2140)
General Physics (PHY 2140) Lecture 19 Modern Physics Nuclear Physics Nuclear Reactions Medical Applications Radiation Detectors Chapter 29 http://www.physics.wayne.edu/~alan/2140website/main.htm 1 Lightning
More informationGeneral Physics (PHY 2140)
General Physics (PHY 2140) Lightning Review Lecture 19 Modern Physics Nuclear Physics Nuclear Reactions Medical Applications Radiation Detectors Chapter 29 http://www.physics.wayne.edu/~alan/2140website/main.htm
More informationPositron Emission Tomography (PET)
Positron Emission Tomography (PET) A radiological technique for functional imaging Please note that this exercise takes place at the Stockholm Centre for Physics, Astronomy and Biotechniques (Alba Nova).
More information