Hipparchus of Rhodes.
|
|
- Betty Bates
- 6 years ago
- Views:
Transcription
1 Hipparchus of Rhodes Hipparchus worked from about 160 to 130 B.C. He was a mathematician who used geometry to try to solve the problem of retrograde motion.
2 A Clockwork Cosmos Hipparchus extended the idea of the crystalline spheres. The main path or orbit of the planet was termed the deferent. Attached to and centered on the deferent was a second, smaller orbit called the epicycle. The planet revolved as the deferent and epicycle both revolved.
3
4 Real backward motion As the deferent and epicycle both turned independently, the planet would actually move backward during the retrograde (westward) portion of its motion. With a correctly sized deferent and epicycle, the predicted positions of the planets would match the actual positions within naked-eye accuracy limits!!!
5
6 Attacking problem #2 To try to solve the problem of the sun and planets traveling faster at some times of the year than others, Hipparchus proposed the eccentric. Despite the requirement that the earth be at the center of the cosmos, Hipparchus placed the earth off-center by a small distance.
7 The Eccentric The off-center placement allowed the sun and planets to appear to speed up when they were closer to the earth and appear to slow down when they were farther away. (The angular velocity no longer appears to be uniform.)
8 Imagine standing in the exact center of the infield of a race track. Walk towards the track s inner edge and the cars appear to be moving faster on the side you re closer to, and slower on the opposite side. The Eccentric
9
10 The 3 rd Problem The last problem to be solved was that of different shape & duration planetary retrograde motions from one year to the next.
11 Ptolemy Hipparchus never solved this last problem. It had to wait for a Greek astronomer working in Alexandria, Egypt around 125 A.D. Claudius Ptolemy
12 The Equant Ptolemy proposed a point in space opposite the eccentric point, called the equant, where the angular speeds of the sun and planets would appear to be uniform.
13 The Equant (2) While this helped solve the problem of differently shaped retrograde loops, it also violated the premise that the crystalline spheres turned with uniform speeds. Now they were required to actually speed up and slow down. How does this happen when no force or engine drives the crystalline spheres?
14 A Special Problem - Epicycles of Venus & Mercury Ptolemy also realized that Hipparchus model had another problem with Mercury, Venus, and the Sun all revolving around the earth, Mercury and Venus should sometimes appear in opposition to the sun (180 o from the sun in our sky). However this never happened. Venus was never more than 46 o from the sun, and Mercury never more than 28 o.
15 The Solution for Mercury & Venus Ptolemy proposed that the epicycles of Mercury & Venus be pinned to a line drawn between the Sun and the Earth. In this way, those two planets could oscillate from one side of the sun to the other, yet continue orbiting the earth.
16 The Epicycles of Venus and Mercury, pinned to a line drawn from the Sun to the Earth.
17 A Prediction Ptolemy s setup for the epicycles of Mercury and Venus makes a prediction: each planet should be able to show crescent and new phases as seen from the earth, but never a full phase. Later, we ll see that we actually do see full phases for Mercury and nearly-full phases for Venus.
18 Ptolemy s 2 other accomplishments Ptolemy calculated what he believed to be the size of the cosmos: 20,000 earth radii or 134,000,000 kilometers (radius). Ptolemy wrote the first astronomy textbook, the Almagest (the Majestic Book ).
19 The Almagest
20 Why does an idea persist? Because these ideas were now in print and were published at then Great Library in Alexandria, these ideas became institutionalized.
21 Here s the kicker! Despite the complex geometry and logical inconsistencies, this model worked well enough to accurately predict the positions of the planets to within a few minutes of arc! The Ptolemaic model works well enough that the planetarium projector mechanism is based on it! It s no wonder that this system wasn t seriously challenged for 1400 years!
Ancient Astronomy. Lectures 5-6. Course website:
Ancient Astronomy Lectures 5-6 Course website: www.scs.fsu.edu/~dduke/lectures Lectures 5-6 Almagest Books 9 13 geocentric vs. heliocentric point of view the wandering stars, or planets the two anomalies
More informationMODELS OF PLANETARY MOTION The first anomaly
MODELS OF PLANETARY MOTION The first anomaly The guiding principle of ancient astronomy a principle that guided early European astronomers as well was uniform circular motion. It became the task of astronomy
More informationLecture #4: Plan. Early Ideas of the Heavens (cont d): Geocentric Universe Heliocentric Universe
Lecture #4: Plan Early Ideas of the Heavens (cont d): Shape & size of the Earth Size & distance of Moon & Sun Geocentric Universe Heliocentric Universe Shape of the Earth Aristotle (Greece, 384 322 B.C.)
More informationWednesday, January 28
Ptolemy to Copernicus Wednesday, January 28 Astronomy of the ancients Many ancient cultures took note of celestial objects and celestial lphenomena. They noted tdcertain ti patterns in the heavens and
More informationThe History of Astronomy
The History of Astronomy http://www.phys.uu.nl/~vgent/babylon/babybibl_intro.htm http://mason.gmu.edu/~jmartin6/howe/images/pythagoras.jpg http://www.russellcottrell.com/greek/aristarchus.htm http://www.mesopotamia.co.uk/astronomer/homemain.html
More informationPtolemy (125 A.D.) Ptolemy s Model. Ptolemy s Equant. Ptolemy s Model. Copernicus Model. Copernicus ( )
Ptolemy (125 A.D.) Designed a complete geometrical model of the universe that accurately predicted planetary motions with errors within 5 0 Most of the geometric devices and basic foundations of his model
More informationLecture 3: History of Astronomy. Astronomy 111 Monday September 4, 2017
Lecture 3: History of Astronomy Astronomy 111 Monday September 4, 2017 Reminders Labs start this week Homework #2 assigned today Astronomy of the ancients Many ancient cultures took note of celestial objects
More informationAstronomy Notes Chapter 02.notebook April 11, 2014 Pythagoras Aristotle geocentric retrograde motion epicycles deferents Aristarchus, heliocentric
Around 2500 years ago, Pythagoras began to use math to describe the world around him. Around 200 years later, Aristotle stated that the Universe is understandable and is governed by regular laws. Most
More informationAncient Cosmology: A Flat Earth. Alexandria
Today Competing Cosmologies Geocentric vs. Heliocentric Ptolemy vs. copernicus Retrograde Motion Phases of Venus Galileo FIRST HOMEWORK DUE How d it work? Ancient Cosmology: A Flat Earth Here there be
More informationThe Birth of Astronomy. Lecture 3 1/24/2018
The Birth of Astronomy Lecture 3 1/24/2018 Fundamental Questions of Astronomy (life?) What is the shape of the Earth? How big is the planet we live on? Why do the stars move across the sky? Where is Earth
More informationThe Puzzle of Planetary Motion versus
The Puzzle of Planetary Motion versus Finding Earth s place in the Universe Observing the Planets Five of the planets are bright enough to be seen by the unaided eye. This view shows the sky after sunset
More informationHow the Greeks Used Geometry to Understand the Stars
previous index next How the Greeks Used Geometry to Understand the Stars Michael Fowler, University of Virginia 9/16/2008 Crystal Spheres: Plato, Eudoxus, Aristotle Plato, with his belief that the world
More informationChapter 02 The Rise of Astronomy
Chapter 02 The Rise of Astronomy Multiple Choice Questions 1. The moon appears larger when it rises than when it is high in the sky because A. You are closer to it when it rises (angular-size relation).
More informationLecture #5: Plan. The Beginnings of Modern Astronomy Kepler s Laws Galileo
Lecture #5: Plan The Beginnings of Modern Astronomy Kepler s Laws Galileo Geocentric ( Ptolemaic ) Model Retrograde Motion: Apparent backward (= East-to-West) motion of a planet with respect to stars Ptolemy
More informationThe History of Astronomy. Theories, People, and Discoveries of the Past
The History of Astronomy Theories, People, and Discoveries of the Past Early man recorded very little history. Left some clues in the form of petrographs. Stone drawings that show eclipses, comets, supernovae.
More informationIntroduction to Science
Introduction to Science Richard Johns Langara College, January 2014 The purpose of this book is to provide a basic understanding of some scientific theories, especially for students who haven t taken much
More informationChapter 2 The Copernican Revolution
Chapter 2 The Copernican Revolution Units of Chapter 2 2.1 Ancient Astronomy 2.2 The Geocentric Universe 2.3 The Heliocentric Model of the Solar System The Foundations of the Copernican Revolution 2.4
More information2X CLAUDIUS PTOLEMY BIOGRAPHY 1260L
2X CLAUDIUS PTOLEMY BIOGRAPHY 1260L CLAUDIUS PTOLEMY AN EARTH-CENTERED VIEW OF THE UNIVERSE Born 85 CE Hermiou, Egypt Died 165 CE Alexandria, Egypt By Cynthia Stokes Brown The Earth was the center of the
More informationPHYS 155 Introductory Astronomy
PHYS 155 Introductory Astronomy - observing sessions: Sunday Thursday, 9pm, weather permitting http://www.phys.uconn.edu/observatory - Exam - Tuesday March 20, - Review Monday 6:30-9pm, PB 38 Marek Krasnansky
More informationAstronomy Studio Exercise Geocentric and Heliocentric World Views Guy Worthey
Astronomy Studio Exercise Geocentric and Heliocentric World Views Guy Worthey We explore in some detail how the geocentric cosmology worked, and what observations caused the adoption of the heliocentric
More informationThe History and Philosophy of Astronomy
Astronomy 350L (Fall 2006) The History and Philosophy of Astronomy (Lecture 3: Antiquity I) Instructor: Volker Bromm TA: Jarrett Johnson The University of Texas at Austin Astronomy and Cosmology in Antiquity:
More informationThe astronomical system of Ptolemy of Alexandria (ca. 150 AD)
1 The astronomical system of Ptolemy of Alexandria (ca. 150 AD) Jan P. Hogendijk Dept of Mathematics, Utrecht May 12, 2011 2 The Almagest of Ptolemy (ca. A.D. 150) Basic work of Greek astronomy; much wiped
More informationObserving the Solar System 20-1
Observing the Solar System 20-1 Ancient Observations The ancient Greeks observed the sky and noticed that the moon, sun, and stars seemed to move in a circle around the Earth. It seemed that the Earth
More informationToday FIRST HOMEWORK DUE. Ancient Astronomy. Competing Cosmologies. Geocentric vs. Heliocentric. Ptolemy vs. copernicus.
Today FIRST HOMEWORK DUE Ancient Astronomy Competing Cosmologies Geocentric vs. Heliocentric Ptolemy vs. copernicus Retrograde Motion Phases of Venus Galileo 1 3.1 The Ancient Roots of Science Our goals
More informationWhat was once so mysterious about planetary motion in our sky? We see apparent retrograde motion when we pass by a planet
What was once so mysterious about planetary motion in our sky? Planets usually move slightly eastward from night to night relative to the stars. You cannot see this motion on a single night. But sometimes
More informationGravitation Part I. Ptolemy, Copernicus, Galileo, and Kepler
Gravitation Part I. Ptolemy, Copernicus, Galileo, and Kepler Celestial motions The stars: Uniform daily motion about the celestial poles (rising and setting). The Sun: Daily motion around the celestial
More informationcosmogony geocentric heliocentric How the Greeks modeled the heavens
Cosmogony A cosmogony is theory about ones place in the universe. A geocentric cosmogony is a theory that proposes Earth to be at the center of the universe. A heliocentric cosmogony is a theory that proposes
More informationPractice Test DeAnza College Astronomy 04 Test 1 Spring Quarter 2009
Practice Test DeAnza College Astronomy 04 Test 1 Spring Quarter 2009 Multiple Choice Identify the letter of the choice that best completes the statement or answers the question. Mark answer on Scantron.
More informationTHE SUN AND THE SOLAR SYSTEM
Chapter 26 THE SUN AND THE SOLAR SYSTEM CHAPTER 26 SECTION 26.1: THE SUN S SIZE, HEAT, AND STRUCTURE Objectives: What is the Sun s structure and source of energy? Key Vocabulary: Fusion Photosphere Corona
More information1. The Moon appears larger when it rises than when it is high in the sky because
2-1 Copyright 2016 All rights reserved. No reproduction or distribution without the prior written consent of 1. The Moon appears larger when it rises than when it is high in the sky because A. you are
More informationASTR 2310: Chapter 2
Emergence of Modern Astronomy Early Greek Astronomy Ptolemaic Astronomy Copernican Astronomy Galileo: The First Modern Scientist Kepler's Laws of Planetary Motion Proof of the Earth's Motion Early Greek
More informationThe Copernican Revolution
The Copernican Revolution Nicolaus Copernicus (1473-1543) De Revolutionibus Orbium Coelestium (1543) [ On the Revolutions of the Celestial Spheres ] The Ptolemaic Cosmology: Geocentric and Geostatic The
More informationLearning Objectives. one night? Over the course of several nights? How do true motion and retrograde motion differ?
Kepler s Laws Learning Objectives! Do the planets move east or west over the course of one night? Over the course of several nights? How do true motion and retrograde motion differ?! What are geocentric
More informationHow big is the Universe and where are we in it?
Announcements Results of clicker questions from Monday are on ICON. First homework is graded on ICON. Next homework due one minute before midnight on Tuesday, September 6. Labs start this week. All lab
More informationHISTORY OF ASTRONOMY, PART 1. How our understanding of the Universe has changed
HISTORY OF ASTRONOMY, PART 1 How our understanding of the Universe has changed Focus Question: How and why has our understanding of the universe changed over time? The oldest science? As far back as the
More informationPlanets & The Origin of Science
Planets & The Origin of Science Reading: Chapter 2 Required: Guided Discovery (p.44-47) Required: Astro. Toolbox 2-1 Optional: Astro. Toolbox 2-2, 2-3 Next Homework Due. Sept. 26 Office Hours: Monday,
More informationThe Copernican System: A Detailed Synopsis
Oglethorpe Journal of Undergraduate Research Volume 5 Issue 1 Article 2 April 2015 The Copernican System: A Detailed Synopsis John Cramer Dr. jcramer@oglethorpe.edu Follow this and additional works at:
More informationDays of the week: - named after 7 Power (moving) objects in the sky (Sun, Moon, 5 planets) Models of the Universe:
Motions of the Planets ( Wanderers ) Planets move on celestial sphere - change RA, Dec each night - five are visible to naked eye Mercury, Venus, Mars, Jupiter, Saturn Days of the week: - named after 7
More informationChapter 3: Ancient Astronomy
Chapter 3: Ancient Astronomy Mesopotamian Astronomy(as early as 4000 BC) [fig 3-1 ziggeraut] Predictions of seasonal changes for agriculture source of modern zodiac divided circle into 360 degrees, each
More informationVenus Project Book, the Galileo Project, GEAR
1 Venus Project Book, the Galileo Project, GEAR Jeffrey La Favre November, 2013 Updated March 31, 2016 You have already learned about Galileo and his telescope. Recall that he built his first telescopes
More informationEvidence that the Earth does not move: Greek Astronomy. Aristotelian Cosmology: Motions of the Planets. Ptolemy s Geocentric Model 2-1
Greek Astronomy Aristotelian Cosmology: Evidence that the Earth does not move: 1. Stars do not exhibit parallax: 2-1 At the center of the universe is the Earth: Changeable and imperfect. Above the Earth
More information2X CLAUDIUS PTOLEMY BIOGRAPHY 780L
2X CLAUDIUS PTOLEMY BIOGRAPHY 780L CLAUDIUS PTOLEMY AN EARTH-CENTERED VIEW OF THE UNIVERSE Born 85 CE Hermiou, Egypt Died 165 CE Alexandria, Egypt By Cynthia Stokes Brown, adapted by Newsela Claudius Ptolemy
More informationWas Ptolemy Pstupid?
Was Ptolemy Pstupid? Why such a silly title for today s lecture? Sometimes we tend to think that ancient astronomical ideas were stupid because today we know that they were wrong. But, while their models
More informationIf Earth had no tilt, what else would happen?
A more in depth explanation from last week: If Earth had no tilt, what else would happen? The equator would be much hotter due to the direct sunlight which would lead to a lower survival rate and little
More informationAnnouncements. Topics To Be Covered in this Lecture
Announcements! Tonight s observing session is cancelled (due to clouds)! the next one will be one week from now, weather permitting! The 2 nd LearningCurve activity was due earlier today! Assignment 2
More informationAst ch 4-5 practice Test Multiple Choice
Ast ch 4-5 practice Test Multiple Choice 1. The distance from Alexandria to Syene is about 500 miles. On the summer solstice the sun is directly overhead at noon in Syene. At Alexandria on the summer solstice,
More informationLecture 17 Ptolemy on the Motion of the Earth
Lecture 17 Ptolemy on the Motion of the Earth Patrick Maher Scientific Thought I Fall 2009 The celestial sphere N ecliptic equator E N S horizon W S The zodiac divides the ecliptic into 12 equal parts.
More informationChapter 4. The Origin Of Modern Astronomy. Is okay to change your phone? From ios to Android From Android to ios
Chapter 4 The Origin Of Modern Astronomy Slide 14 Slide 15 14 15 Is Change Good or Bad? Do you like Homer to look like Homer or with hair? Does it bother you when your schedule is changed? Is it okay to
More informationEarth Science, 13e Tarbuck & Lutgens
Earth Science, 13e Tarbuck & Lutgens Origins of Modern Astronomy Earth Science, 13e Chapter 21 Stanley C. Hatfield Southwestern Illinois College Early history of astronomy Ancient Greeks Used philosophical
More informationIntroduction To Modern Astronomy II
ASTR 111 003 Fall 2006 Lecture 03 Sep. 18, 2006 Introduction To Modern Astronomy II Introducing Astronomy (chap. 1-6) Planets and Moons (chap. 7-17) Ch1: Astronomy and the Universe Ch2: Knowing the Heavens
More informationThe Heliocentric Model of Copernicus
Celestial Mechanics The Heliocentric Model of Copernicus Sun at the center and planets (including Earth) orbiting along circles. inferior planets - planets closer to Sun than Earth - Mercury, Venus superior
More informationName and Student ID Section Day/Time:
AY2 - Overview of the Universe - Midterm #1 - Instructor: Maria F. Duran Name and Student ID Section Day/Time: 1) Imagine we ve discovered a planet orbiting another star at 1 AU every 6 months. The planet
More informationThe following notes roughly correspond to Section 2.4 and Chapter 3 of the text by Bennett. This note focuses on the details of the transition for a
The following notes roughly correspond to Section 2.4 and Chapter 3 of the text by Bennett. This note focuses on the details of the transition for a geocentric model for understanding the universe to a
More informationEarly Theories. Early astronomers believed that the sun, planets and stars orbited Earth (geocentric model) Developed by Aristotle
Planetary Motion Early Theories Early astronomers believed that the sun, planets and stars orbited Earth (geocentric model) Developed by Aristotle Stars appear to move around Earth Observations showed
More informationAstronomy. (rěv ə-lōō shən)) The Copernican Revolution. Phys There are problems with the Ptolemaic Model. Problems with Ptolemy
Phys 8-70 Astronomy The danger to which the success of revolutions is most exposed, is that of attempting them before the principles on which they proceed, and the advantages to result from them, are sufficiently
More informationClaudius Ptolemy. Logic at its Best. Mathematical Reasoning. Saving the Heavens
Claudius Ptolemy Saving the Heavens SC/STS 3760, V 1 Logic at its Best Where Plato and Aristotle agreed was over the role of reason and precise logical thinking. Plato: From abstraction to new abstraction.
More informationPhysics Unit 7: Circular Motion, Universal Gravitation, and Satellite Orbits. Planetary Motion
Physics Unit 7: Circular Motion, Universal Gravitation, and Satellite Orbits Planetary Motion Geocentric Models --Many people prior to the 1500 s viewed the! Earth and the solar system using a! geocentric
More informationMost of the time during full and new phases, the Moon lies above or below the Sun in the sky.
6/16 Eclipses: We don t have eclipses every month because the plane of the Moon s orbit about the Earth is different from the plane the ecliptic, the Earth s orbital plane about the Sun. The planes of
More informationDirections: Read each slide
Directions: Read each slide and decide what information is needed. Some slides may have red or yellow or orange underlined. This information is a clue for you to read more carefully or copy the information
More informationEarth Science, 11e. Origin of Modern Astronomy Chapter 21. Early history of astronomy. Early history of astronomy. Early history of astronomy
2006 Pearson Prentice Hall Lecture Outlines PowerPoint Chapter 21 Earth Science 11e Tarbuck/Lutgens This work is protected by United States copyright laws and is provided solely for the use of instructors
More informationEXAM #2. ANSWERS ASTR , Spring 2008
EXAM #2. ANSWERS ASTR 1101-001, Spring 2008 1. In Copernicus s heliocentric model of the universe, which of the following astronomical objects was placed in an orbit around the Earth? The Moon 2. In his
More informationAstronomy 311: Historical Astronomy
Astronomy 311: Historical Astronomy Greek scientific thought started with a school of Philosphers in Ionia in the sixth century BC. The most prominent was Thales. Examples of this early thought was that
More informationGravitation and the Motion of the Planets
Gravitation and the Motion of the Planets 1 Guiding Questions 1. How did ancient astronomers explain the motions of the planets? 2. Why did Copernicus think that the Earth and the other planets go around
More informationPhys Homework Set 2 Fall 2015 Exam Name
Exam Name MULTIPLE CHOICE. Choose the one alternative that best completes the statement or answers the question. 1) About how many stars are visible on a clear, dark night with the naked eye alone? 1)
More informationPhys Homework Set 2 Fall 2015 Exam Name
Exam Name MULTIPLE CHOICE. Choose the one alternative that best completes the statement or answers the question. 1) Increasing the temperature of a blackbody by a factor of 2 will increase its energy by
More informationExercise 4.0 PLANETARY ORBITS AND CONFIGURATIONS
Exercise 4.0 PLANETARY ORBITS AND CONFIGURATIONS I. Introduction The planets revolve around the Sun in orbits that lie nearly in the same plane. Therefore, the planets, with the exception of Pluto, are
More informationLecture 5. Motions of the Planets
Lecture 5 Motions of the Planets; Geometric models of the Solar System Motion of Planets Opposition, Conjunction Retrograde Motion Scientific Method and "Models" Size of the Earth Geocentric vs Heliocentric
More informationLecture 19 Copernicus on the Earth s Orbit around the Sun
Lecture 19 Copernicus on the Earth s Orbit around the Sun Patrick Maher Scientific Thought I Fall 2009 Ptolemy s system (from a 16th century book) Copernicus s system (from a 17th century book) Explanations
More informationEarly Ideas of the Universe
Early Ideas of the Universe Though much of modern astronomy deals with explaining the Universe, through History astronomy has dealt with such practical things as keeping time, marking the arrival of seasons,
More informationMotions of the Planets ASTR 2110 Sarazin
Motions of the Planets ASTR 2110 Sarazin Motion of Planets Retrograde Motion Inferior Planets: Mercury, Venus Always near Sun on Sky Retrograde motion when very close to Sun on sky (Every other time) Superior
More informationCh. 22 Origin of Modern Astronomy Pretest
Ch. 22 Origin of Modern Astronomy Pretest Ch. 22 Origin of Modern Astronomy Pretest 1. True or False: Early Greek astronomers (600 B.C. A.D. 150) used telescopes to observe the stars. Ch. 22 Origin of
More informationIntroduction To Modern Astronomy I
ASTR 111 003 Fall 2006 Lecture 03 Sep. 18, 2006 Introduction To Modern Astronomy I Introducing Astronomy (chap. 1-6) Planets and Moons (chap. 7-17) Ch1: Astronomy and the Universe Ch2: Knowing the Heavens
More informationAstronomy 110 Lecture Fall, 2005 Astronomy 110 1
Astronomy 110 Lecture 5 + 6 Fall, 2005 Astronomy 110 1 Planets Known in Ancient Times Mercury difficult to see; always close to Sun in sky Venus very bright when visible morning or evening star Mars noticeably
More informationExercise 3: The history of astronomy
Astronomy 100 Name(s): Exercise 3: The history of astronomy In the previous exercise, you saw how the passage of time is intimately related to the motion of celestial objects. This, of course, led many
More informationClaudius Ptolemaeus Second Century AD. Jan 5 7:37 AM
Claudius Ptolemaeus Second Century AD Jan 5 7:37 AM Copernicus: The Foundation Nicholas Copernicus (Polish, 1473 1543): Proposed the first modern heliocentric model, motivated by inaccuracies of the Ptolemaic
More informationThe History of Astronomy
The History of Astronomy The History of Astronomy Earliest astronomical record: a lunar calendar etched on bone from 6500 B.C. Uganda. Also we find early groups noted the Sun, Moon, Mercury, Venus, Earth,
More informationName: Earth 110 Exploration of the Solar System Assignment 1: Celestial Motions and Forces Due on Tuesday, Jan. 19, 2016
Name: Earth 110 Exploration of the Solar System Assignment 1: Celestial Motions and Forces Due on Tuesday, Jan. 19, 2016 Why are celestial motions and forces important? They explain the world around us.
More informationPHY1033C/HIS3931/IDH 3931 : Discovering Physics: The Universe and Humanity s Place in It Fall Prof. Peter Hirschfeld, Physics
PHY1033C/HIS3931/IDH 3931 : Discovering Physics: The Universe and Humanity s Place in It Fall 2016 Prof. Peter Hirschfeld, Physics Announcements HW 1 due today; HW 2 posted, due Sept. 13 Lab 1 today 2
More informationChapter 2. The Rise of Astronomy. Copyright (c) The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc. Permission required for reproduction or display.
Chapter 2 The Rise of Astronomy Copyright (c) The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc. Permission required for reproduction or display. Periods of Western Astronomy Western astronomy divides into 4 periods Prehistoric
More informationAstronomy Lesson 8.1 Astronomy s Movers and Shakers
8 Astronomers.notebook Astronomy Lesson 8.1 Astronomy s Movers and Shakers Aristotle 384 322 BCE Heavenly objects must move on circular paths at constant speeds. Earth is motionless at the center of the
More informationI'M DEAN REGAS, ASTRONOMER FROM THE CINCINNATI OBSERVATORY. AND I'M JAMES ALBURY, DIRECTOR OF THE KIKA SILVA PLA PLANETARIUM
STAR GAZERS SG 1822-5 MINUTE (MAY 28 - JUNE 3, 2018) (BASED ON SG 1615 LET S GO RETRO! ) RETROGRADE! WELCOME TO STAR GAZERS. I'M DEAN REGAS, ASTRONOMER FROM THE CINCINNATI OBSERVATORY. AND I'M JAMES ALBURY,
More informationThings to do today. Terminal, Astronomy is Fun. Lecture 24 The Science of Astronomy. Scientific Thinking. After this lecture, please pick up:
Things to do today After this lecture, please pick up: Review questions for the final exam Homework#6 (due next Tuesday) No class on Thursday (Thanksgiving) Final exam on December 2 (next Thursday) Terminal,
More information18. Kepler as a young man became the assistant to A) Nicolaus Copernicus. B) Ptolemy. C) Tycho Brahe. D) Sir Isaac Newton.
Name: Date: 1. The word planet is derived from a Greek term meaning A) bright nighttime object. B) astrological sign. C) wanderer. D) nontwinkling star. 2. The planets that were known before the telescope
More informationPlanets in the Sky ASTR 101 2/16/2018
Planets in the Sky ASTR 101 2/16/2018 1 Planets in the Sky 2018 paths of Jupiter among stars (2017/2018) Unlike stars which have fixed positions in the sky (celestial sphere), planets seem to move with
More informationThe Human Condition. Worlds in Points of Light. Fields of Study. What to Expect. Lure of Naked-Eye Observing. Today. Remote.
Worlds in Points of Light (Naked Eye Observations) Star-like Worlds My Background https://carleton.ca/linr/early-spring-2018-session/class-notes/ Robert Dick rdick@robertdick.ca February 28-April 4, 2018
More informationASTR-1010: Astronomy I Course Notes Section III
ASTR-1010: Astronomy I Course Notes Section III Dr. Donald G. Luttermoser Department of Physics and Astronomy East Tennessee State University Edition 2.0 Abstract These class notes are designed for use
More informationASTR 310 Tutorial 3: A Human Orrery
ASTR Tutorial : A Human Orrery An orrery is a mechanical model of the Solar System. When you turn a crank, the planets and moons orbit the Sun at correctly-scaled distances with correctly-scaled periods.
More information9/12/2010. The Four Fundamental Forces of Nature. 1. Gravity 2. Electromagnetism 3. The Strong Nuclear Force 4. The Weak Nuclear Force
The Four Fundamental Forces of Nature 1. Gravity 2. Electromagnetism 3. The Strong Nuclear Force 4. The Weak Nuclear Force The Universe is made of matter Gravity the force of attraction between matter
More informationBe able to explain retrograde motion in both the current and Ptolemy s models. You are likely to get an essay question on a quiz concerning these.
Astronomy 110 Test 2 Review Castle Chapters 6, 7, and possibly 8 NOTE: THIS IS NOT MEANT TO BE EXHAUSTIVE, THIS IS TO HELP THE YOU TRAIN ON THE QUESTION FORMATS AND THE CONCEPTS. Just because an issue
More informationAstronomy- The Original Science
Astronomy- The Original Science Imagine that it is 5,000 years ago. Clocks and modern calendars have not been invented. How would you tell time or know what day it is? One way to tell the time is to study
More informationHow Astronomers Learnt that The Heavens Are Not Perfect
1 How Astronomers Learnt that The Heavens Are Not Perfect Introduction In this packet, you will read about the discoveries and theories which changed the way astronomers understood the Universe. I have
More informationThe Science of Astronomy - Copernicus, Tycho, and Kepler. Reminder to take out your clicker and turn it on!
The Science of Astronomy - Copernicus, Tycho, and Kepler Reminder to take out your clicker and turn it on! Attendance Quiz Are you here today? Here! (a) yes (b) no (c) here? hear? hear, hear! Clicker Registration
More informationThis Week... Week 3: Chapter 3 The Science of Astronomy. 3.1 The Ancient Roots of Science. How do humans employ scientific thinking?
Week 3: Chapter 3 The Science of Astronomy This Week... The Copernican Revolution The Birth of Modern Science Chapter 2 Walkthrough Discovering the solar system Creating a clockwork Universe 3.1 The Ancient
More informationThe great tragedy of science the slaying of a beautiful hypothesis by an ugly fact. -Thomas Huxley. Monday, October 3, 2011
The great tragedy of science the slaying of a beautiful hypothesis by an ugly fact. -Thomas Huxley 1 Chapter 4 The Origin of Modern Astronomy Outline I. The Roots of Astronomy A. Archaeoastronomy B. The
More informationAstronomy 100 Section 2 MWF Greg Hall. Outline. Total Lunar Eclipse Time Lapse. Homework #1 is due Friday, 11:50 a.m.!!!!!
Astronomy 100 Section 2 MWF 1200-1300 100 Greg Hall Leslie Looney Phone: 217-244-3615 Email: lwl @ uiuc. edu Office: Astro Building #218 Office Hours: MTF 10:30-11:30 a.m. or by appointment Homework #1
More informationChapter 1 The Copernican Revolution
Chapter 1 The Copernican Revolution The Horse Head nebula in the Orion constellation (Reading assignment: Chapter 1) Learning Outcomes How the geocentric model accounts for the retrograde motion of planets?
More information(BASED ON SG 1609 JUPITER AT OPPOSITION AND SG 1713 ROYAL OPPOSITION! )
STAR GAZERS SG 1817-5 MINUTE (APRIL 23-29, 2018) (BASED ON SG 1609 JUPITER AT OPPOSITION AND SG 1713 ROYAL OPPOSITION! ) THE FIFTH PLANET FROM THE SUN! WELCOME TO STAR GAZERS. I'M JAMES ALBURY, DIRECTOR
More informationASTR 1010 Spring 2016 Study Notes Dr. Magnani
The Copernican Revolution ASTR 1010 Spring 2016 Study Notes Dr. Magnani The Copernican Revolution is basically how the West intellectually transitioned from the Ptolemaic geocentric model of the Universe
More informationPlanets & The Origin of Science
Planets & The Origin of Science Reading: Chapter 2 Required: Guided Discovery (p.44-47) Required: Astro. Toolbox 2-1 Optional: Astro. Toolbox 2-2, 2-3 Next Homework Due. Feb. 26 Office Hours: Monday, 12-2
More informationCopernican Astronomy. Nicolaus gets the ball rolling
Copernican Astronomy Nicolaus gets the ball rolling Recap: Problems for Ptolemy In Ptolemy s model the sun s orbit (around the earth) is rather special. The sun has no epicycle, just a deferent The epicycles
More information