Master focus in physics

Transcription

1 Master focus in physics ASTROPARTICLE PHYSICS AND COSMOLOGY Christopher Wiebusch

2 From Particle Physics to Cosmology m Micro-cosmos at smallest scales Understanding nature over 44 orders of magnitude Universe as a total m

3 Foundations of Cosmology Gravitation is dominating the dynamics of the Universe In the theory of General Relativity (Einstein 1915) SpaceTime is dynamically curved by the presence of matter. Matter itselfs feels the curvature as gravitational force The Universe at large scales can be fully described by general relativity from the Big Bang until today. α b

4 Nobel Price 2002 Raymond Davis Jr. Masatoshi Koshiba. Riccardo Giacconi. for pioneering contributions to astrophysics, which have led to the discovery of cosmic X-ray sources Pioneering neutrino astronomy Neutrinos from the sun Neutrinos from Supernova 1987A Neutrino image of the sun by Super-Kamiokande Super-Kamiokande X-ray image of the remnant of a Supernova observed by Tycho Brahe in 1572 (Chandra satellite)

5 Nobel Price in Physik 2006 "for their discovery of the blackbody form and anisotropy of the cosmic microwave background radiation' T=2.728 K -270 C Cosmic Background Explorer (COBE) Satellite New York times 1992: "like seeing the face of God." T<18µK George F. Smoot John C. Mather

6 Nobel Price 2011: Discovery of Dark Energy Saul Perlmutter (USA), Brian P. Schmidt (USA und Australien) Adam G. Riess (USA) for the discovery of the accelerating expansion of the Universe through observations of distant supernovae

7 Nobel Price in Physics 2015 Arthur McDonald for the discovery of neutrino oscillations, which shows that neutrinos have mass" Takaaki Kajita

8 Nobel Price in Physics 2017 Rainer Weiss Barry Barish Kip Thorne "for decisive contributions to the LIGO detector and the observation of gravitational waves"

9 Overview: Courses in Year 1 Core courses ( big five ) 1. Relativity & Cosmology (th) 10 CP (WS) 2. Astroparticle physics (exp) 10CP (SS) 3. Elementary particle physics Experimental I+II 20 CP Quantum field theory I+II 20 CP 4. Astronomy and Astrophysics ( Nebenfach ) 10 CP (WS) Open to every master focus 5. Lab courses (Praktikum) Particle physics 10CP (SS) Astronomy 5CP (WS) Astroteilchenphysik 5CP (SS) Special courses Seminar 10CP (WS or SS) Exper.Techniques 10CP (WS) Special lectures 5 CP (WS/SS) Astronomy and Astrophysics, + Lab courses This Master-focus allows for a focus on experiment or theory or both

10 Core Module Theory of Relativity and Cosmology Lecture: 4 SWS Exercise: 2 SWS, 10 CPT Goals Understanding of gravitational interactions, the history of the universe and the ability to mathematically describe the evolution of a homogeneous universe. Content Introduction to the theory of general relativity as a theory of gravity (mathematical foundations, foundations of differential geometry, the metric as a field, Einsteins field equations, simple effects like gravitational red shift or clocks in gravitational fields). Black holes and gravitational waves. Cosmology: homogeneous and isotropic universe; dark matter and dark energy; physics of the early universe; structure formation and inflation. Lecture in WS 17/18: Prof. Lesgourgues

11 Core Module: Astroparticle physics Lecture: 4 SWS, Exercises 2 SWS, 10 CPT Goals: Astro physics & particle physics with high energy cosmic radiation and experimental methods Content Experimental methods: satellites, air-shower detectors, underground detectors Extensive air showers, cascade equations, experimental observables Cosmic rays, energy spectrum composition, the knee, the ankle, the GZK cutoff, age, production and detection results Neutrino astronomy: solar, supernova and high energy, ν oscillations Gamma astronomy: galactic and extragalactic sources Astrophysical sources of cosmic rays, acceleration and propagation Dark matter, experimental methods for direct and indirect detection, astrophysical models Contemporary results in the aforementioned fields Lecture in SS 18: Prof. Wiebusch

12 Subsidary Module: Astronomy and Astrophysics Lecture 4 SWS, Exercises 2 SWS, 10 CPT Goal: Observational methods and observational results in modern astrophysics and astronomy Content: Electro-magnetic radiation, astronomical coordinates, astrophysical instruments Planetary systems, exoplanets Stars: spectral classes of stars, variable stars Hertzsprung-Russel-diagram, interior of stars Stellar evolution, final stages supernovae, Crab nebula (M1) white dwarfs, neutron stars, black holes Galaxies: classification, dynamics & gravitational lensing, active galaxies Cosmology: cosmological principle, Hubble law, Robertson-Walker metrics, Friedman equation Early Universe: Big Bang, cosmic micro-wave background, nuclear synthesis structure formation, gravitational lensing Suited for every student in the master program, e.g. condensed matter Lecture in WS 17/18: Prof. Wiebusch

13 Lab courses 1. Default: Laboratoy particle physics 10 CPT Preperation lectures (8x) and 3 experiments SS 18: Priv.Doz.Dr. O.Pooth, Profs. Stahl & Hebbeker &Wiebusch 2. Optionally: Laboratory astroparticle physics 5 CPT Small version of above: preparation lectures (8x) and 1 experiment (e.g. Air shower detector, Compton effect or muon life-time) More astroparticle specific experiments in preparation SS 18: Priv.Doz.Dr. O.Pooth, Profs. Stahl & Hebbeker & Wiebusch 3. Voluntary: Laboratory Astronomy 5 CPT In addition to astronomy course Performance of an astronomical observation, analysis of data and presentation of the results WS 17/18: Priv.Doz.Dr. O.Pooth, Prof. Wiebusch & Bretz can be combined to 10 CPT 3. is open to all master courses and is useful for everybody (in combination with the subsidiary courses Astronomy)

14 Example: Lab astronomy 1 full Astropeiler Stockert Guided Tour Full day measurements e.g. of Supernova Remnants, Cosmic Masers, Pulsars, galactic Rotation, active galaxies A 25m telescope in your hands Analysis of data Presentation of the results Evidence for invisible dark matter in our galaxy

15 Theoretical concepts in Astroparticle Physics Lecture with tutorial, 2+1 SWS, 5 CPT How do astrophyscial sources radiate at the highest energies? What is making cosmic rays diffuse through the Galaxy? Why are shock waves accelerating particles? You will learn to quantitatively answer these questions. This will be a black board lecture and we will derive the fundamental equations from electrodynamics and some basic hydrodynamics. Lecture in WS 17/18: Prof. Mertsch Mi, 14:15 15:45, (26 C 402)

16 Possible course selections e.g. experimental astro-particle: WS: 1.Astronomy, 2.Cosmology,3. Particle physics I, (+Lab Astronomy) (=30+5 cpt) SS: 1.Astroparticle physics, 2.Lab particle physics, 3.Particle physics II (=30cpt) 2 nd year Master thesis and additional lecture 5cpt e.g. theoretical cosmology: WS: 1.Astronomy, 2.Cosmology, 3.QFT I, (+Lab Astronomy) (=30 +5 cpt) SS: 1.Astroparticle physics, 2.QFT II, 3.Seminar (+Lab Astroparticle) (=35 cpt) 2 nd year Master thesis + additional lecture 5cpt e.g. experimental particle physics: WS: 1.Cosmology,2. Particle physics I, 3. QFT 1 (=30cpt) SS: 1.Astroparticle physics, 2.Lab particle physics, 3.Particle physics II (=30cpt) 2nd year Masters thesis + additional lecture 5cpt You have a great flexibility to choose and combine modules

17 Experimental Astroparticle Physics 1.Physikalisches Institut B, Prof. Schael AMS Experiment Cosmic rays, anti-matter, dark-matter 3.Physikalisches Institut A Prof. Hebbeker, Prof. Bretz, Prof. Erdmann Pierre Auger Observatory High energy cosmic rays FACT & HAWC Gamma-astronomy 3.Physikalisches Institut B Prof. Wiebusch, Prof. Stahl, Prof. Ludhova IceCube Neutrino Observatory, Borexino and Juno Neutrino Experiment Neutrino astronomy, neutrino oscillations, dark matter, cosmic rays

18 Theory: Institute for Theoretical Particle Physics and Cosmology Julien Lesgourgues Michael Kraemer Philipp Mertsch Cosmology: understanding of our universe's global properties and evolution. Phenomenology interface between theoretical physics, particle physics and astrophysics. Modeling the evolution of cosmological perturbations Search for physics beyond the Standard Model, including dark matter Understanding the physics of cosmic rays and their sources

19 Enjoy your master courses.. Questions?