Grape Root Borer Summer 2005

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1 Grape Root Borer Summer 2005 Oscar E. Liburd & Craig Roubos Entomology and Nematology Dept. University of Florida

2 Grape Root Borer Vitacea polistiformis (Harris) Scott Weihman, University of Florida Grape Root Borer adult female R. Bessin, University of Kentucky Grape Root Borer adult male

3 Grape Root Borer Damage H C Ellis, The University of Georgia, James Solomon, USDA Forest Service, Larvae and damage Larvae and galleries in grape rootstock

4 Typical Signs of Grape Root Borer Infestation Wilting and die-back Yellowing of leaves Stunted growth Decreased yield

5 Pupation Late spring 2 5 th Instar Spring 2 4 th Instar Winter 2 3 rd Instar Summer 2 Adult female start flying (June- Oct.) Early summer 1 Oviposition (4-5days) Eggs Eggs hatch (8-12 days) Summer 1 2 nd Instar Spring 1 Summer/ Fall 1 1 st Instar ( larvae) Winter 1

6 Research Goals (2005) Refine monitoring protocols to improve detection of GRB in Florida vineyards To test different deployment rates with pheromone twist-ties and attract & kill devices for control of GRB

7 Performance of baited winged and bucket traps in Florida Vineyards (2004) Estimated number of insects per week Type of trap used for GRB. Bucket Sticky Average number of GRB captured per month June July August September October

8 Specific Objective 1 To determine if trap color could enhance the captures of male GRB in Florida vineyards

9 Universal Moth Traps (Bucket Traps) Pheromone lure in trap top Vaportape insecticide strip in trap bottom

10 Effect of Trap Color

11 Capture of GRB in Different Colored Traps (2005) Mean Weekly Trap Catches Green Yellow White Blue Trap Color df=48,19; F=8.49; P <

12 Time of GRB Capture GRB adults are usually active during warmest periods of the day Adults live for ~ 6 days A.M 10 A.M 12 2 P.M 4 P M

13 Mating Disruption GRB penetration

14 Captures of GRB in Florida Vineyards Average # of GRB/month Twist Ties LastCallGRB Lorsban Control June July August September October Months

15 Specific Objective 2 To deploy pheromone twist-ties at different rates within vineyards to determine the optimum rate for effective control of grape root borer

16 Mating Disruption Twist-tie tie pheromone dispenser Grape root borer pheromone: (E,Z)-2,13 2,13-octadecadien-1 ol acetate

17 Weekly Trap Catch of GRB Florahome,, FL No. of GRB captured Jun 6-Jul 26-Jul 15-Aug 4-Sep 24-Sep 14-Oct 3-Nov Vineyard treated with pheromone twist-ties 2003, 2004 and 2005

18 Weekly Trap Catch of GRB in Clermont, FL 200 Total GRM Males Jul 25-Jul 8-Aug 22-Aug 5-Sep 19-Sep 3-Oct 17-Oct 31-Oct 14-Nov Date Vineyard treated with pheromone twist-ties 2003, 2004 and 2005

19 Weekly Trap Catch in Grandin,, FL No of RGRB captured Jun 30-Jun 14-Jul 28-Jul 11-Aug 25-Aug 8-Sep 22-Sep 6-Oct 20-Oct 3-Nov Vineyard was never treated with pheromone twist-ties

20 Attract-and and-kill Fresh Droplet LastCall GRB: grape root borer pheromone and pyrethrins Old Droplet

21 Capture of GRB in Plots Treated with Attract & Kill (2005) Mean Weekly Trap Catches * * High Medium Low Control Treatment Rate Clermont, FL df=45,18; F=6.23; p<0.0001

22 Capture of GRB in Plots Treated with Attract & Kill (2005) Mean Weekly Trap Catches * * High Medium Low Control Treatment Rate Florahome,, FL df=48,19; F=2.77; p=0.0023

23 Conclusion Green and yellow commercial bucket traps are more effective in capturing GRB than white and blue. Green traps appear to be more selective for GRB than yellow traps The population of GRB in mating disruption plots were too low to determine appropriate pheromone twist-ties deployment rates

24 Conclusion cont d GRB population appears to be decreasing in areas previously treated with pheromones twist-ties and pheromone baited bucket traps In areas that were not previously exposed to mating disruption, the GRB population appears to be increasing. Finally, higher rates (2-3 squirts) of attract & kill on small plots may be more effective in killing GRB population than lower rates

25 Acknowledgements The Florida Grape Growers Association for funding the studies The grape growers that cooperated with us by allowing my staff to work in their vineyards My staff at the Small Fruit and Vegetable Laboratory, University of Florida

26 Questions?

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