Science Unit Test Grade: 8 Unit 6: Gravity

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1 Science Unit Test Grade: 8 Unit 6: Gravity Name Date 1. Which of these is best used to measure weight in newtons? a. Spring scale b. Triple beam balance c. Double pan balance d. Simple lever 2. Which of these keeps a moon in orbit around a planet? a. Shape b. Composition c. Size d. Gravity 3. Which statement clearly describes the measurement of an object in units of grams and newtons? a. Both grams and newtons are measures of the amounts of matter that make up an object. b. Both grams and newtons are measures of the forces of gravity acting on an object. c. Grams are a measure of the amount of matter that make up an object, and newtons are a measure of the force of gravity acting on an object. d. Grams are a measure of the force of gravity acting on an object, and newtons are a measure of the amount of matter that make up an object. Unit 3 Exam 1

2 4. Which property of an object will be different on the moon that it is on Earth? a. Chemical structure b. Mass c. ph level d. Weight 5. Which of these is directly affected by gravity? a. The rotation of Earth on its axis b. The orbit of the moon around Earth c. The magnetic field surrounding Earth d. The production of oxygen in Earth s atmosphere. 6. When will the gravitational attraction be greatest between two baseballs, each with the same mass? a. When they are 10 meters apart b. When they are 1 meter apart c. When they are 5 meters apart d. When they are 20 meters apart 7. An 8kg object was placed on a scale and weighed 10 newtons. Gravity on Earth is 9.81 m/s 2 and the air pressure was 1 atm. Which of the following is the mass of the object? a. 10 newtons b. 8 kilograms c m/s 2 d. 1 atm 8. What would happen to all planets in the solar system if gravity did not exist? a. The planets would all crash into each other. b. The planets would all crash into the sun. c. The planets would all fly away from the sun. d. The planets would continue to orbit the sun. Unit 3 Exam 2

3 9. Which of these affects the strength of the gravitational force between Earth and the sun? a. The tilt of the axis of Earth b. The distance between Earth and the sun c. The amount of energy Earth receives from the sun d. The movement of molten metals in the core of Earth 10. A student drew a diagram of Earth at four different points in its orbit around the sun. The student drew arrows to represent the direction of the gravitational force of the sun on Earth. Which arrow did the student draw incorrectly? a. 1 b. 2 c. 3 d. 4 Unit 3 Exam 3

4 11. In which of these situations will an object become less massive? a. Matter is removed from the object. b. Heat changes the physical state of the object. c. The object is weighed on the moon instead of on Earth. d. The object is measured on a scale instead of a balance. 12. The sun is much larger than the moon. Which of these best explains why the moon, despite its smaller size, has a greater effect on ocean tides than the sun does? a. The moon has a lower surface temperature. b. The moon produces less light than the sun. c. The moon and Earth have the same composition. d. The moon is much closer to Earth. 13. A bowling ball weighs 12 newtons. Which of the following would be best used to measure the mass in grams of the bowling ball? a. Spring scale b. Triple beam balance c. Double pan balance d. Simple lever 14. If Earth and Jupiter were the same distance away from the sun, which planet would have a gravitational attraction to the sun and why? a. Jupiter would have a greater gravitational attraction to the sun, because Jupiter is more massive than Earth. b. Jupiter would have a greater gravitational attraction to the sun, because Jupiter has a larger volume than Earth. c. Earth would have a greater gravitational attraction to the sun, because Earth has a greater density than Jupiter. d. Earth would have a greater gravitational attraction to the sun, because Earth has a higher average temperature than Jupiter. Unit 3 Exam 4

5 15. Which of the following best explains how objects in the solar system affect each other? a. The sun is the only object that have a gravitational pull on the other objects in the solar b. The objects in the solar system do not have an affect on each other. c. All objects in the solar system push each other apart. d. All objects in the solar system have a gravitational pull on every other object in the solar systems. Unit 3 Exam 5

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