ASTRONOMY PROGRAMMES IN UKRAINE

Transcription

1 ASTRONOMY PROGRAMMES IN UKRAINE Valery Krivodubskij 瓦列里. 克里沃多夫斯基 乌克兰基辅市 Astronomical Observatory Taras Shevchenko National University of Kyiv Observatorna Street 3, Kiev-53, UKRAINE

2 前苏维埃社会主义共和国联盟地图 ( )

3 乌克兰共和国 (UKRAINE)

4 乌克兰共和国 (UKRAINE) Flag and the national emblem (coat of arms) of Ukraine

5 Blue colour up means the colour of sky, yellow colour bottom means the colour of wheat (the main wealth of my country). Ukraine has about 30 percentages of stock of black earth of the world.

6 Trident is the national emblem (coat of arms) of ancient knyaz (kingdom) Vladimir, which at 988 year had baptized (made the Baptism/christen country) for the Kievan/Kiev Rus

7 Trident is the ancient national emblem (coat of arms) of Vladimir kingdom

8 In the Slavonic languages the name VLADIMER means the owner of the world

9 The capital of Ukraine is Kyiv (Kiev) city. Kyiv city was founded by ancient knyaz (kingdom) whom called Kyj at 482 year. So the name Kyiv means the city of Kyj.

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11 EURO 2012 Polend-Ukraine Kiev, Khreshchatic Street

12 Taras Shevchenko 乌克兰伟大诗人达拉斯. 谢甫琴科 ( )

13 Nikolaj Gogol 乌克兰的伟大作家尼古拉. 果戈理 ( )

14 How the Steel Was Tempered is a socialist realist novel written by Nikolai Ostrovsky ( ). Pavel ("Pavka") Korchagin is the central character. Pavel Korchagin The novel's protagonist. He is fighting on the Bolsheviks' side in the Civil War ( ). He is a quintessential positive hero of socialist realism. As late as 2000, China adapted the novel into a television series of the same title; all the members of the cast were from Ukraine. 保尔 柯察金 尼古拉 阿列克塞耶维奇 奥斯特洛夫斯基 (1904~1936)

15 Nikolaj Ostrovskij ( )

16 Ukraine is a well-known astronomical country in Europe

17 Taras Shevchenko National University of Kyiv (Kiev)

18 Taras Shevchenko National University of Kyiv (Kiev) 乌克兰基辅市

19 Astronomical Observatory of Taras Shevchenko National University of Kyiv (village Lisnyky)

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21 A number of well-known astronomical achievements is connected with activities of so-called scientific schools, namely founded by Alexander Ya. Orlov, Nikolai P. Barabashov, Grigory A. Shajn, Vladimir P. Tsesevich, Sergei K. Vsekhsvyatsky, Ahdrei B. Severny, Semen Ya. Braude and others.

22 Current status of astronomical research institutions

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24 Main Astronomical Observatory of NASU Ukrainian astronomers take part in observations at the German Vacuum Tower Telescope (Observatorio del Teide, Tenerife, Spain) The longitudinal Zeeman effect and the Hanle diagnostics were used to find small-scale magnetics fields in the quiet solar photosphere The results of Hanle diagnostics indicated that the bulk of the quiet solar photosphere is significantly magnetized, due to the ubiquitous presence of an unresolved magnetic field with an average strength <B> 130 G.

25 The strong magnetic field of the facular area seems to stabilize the convection and to promote more effective energy transfer in the upper layers of the solar atmosphere, since the convective elements reach greater heights. Magnetic field strength in units from the inversion of Fe I IR lines. Contours mark the location of granular areas with the magnetic field above 1.2 kg.

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28 Ground-based programmes Physics of Stars

29 Ground-based programmes ICAMER Observational International Programmes Research activities at the Terskol Observatory are coordinated by the international programme Astronomy in the Elbrus Region , which was initiated by the National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine and the Russian Academy of Sciences. The programme includes 42 projects on fundamental and applied research covering different areas of astronomy: - study of physical characteristics and chemical composition of stars using high- and ultrahighresolution spectroscopy; - interstellar medium studies; - investigation of stellar variability by means of high-speed photometry and asteroseismology methods; - investigation of galactic nuclei and star-formation processes; - study of optical afterglows of gamma-ray bursts; - physics of extrasolar systems; - asteroid-comet hazard; - solar physics; - integrated study of near-earth space; - development of new methods and techniques for astronomical observation and data processing; - ground-based support of space projects and missions; experimental astronomical observations; - experimental development of astronomical instruments and equipment.

30 NASU Applied Astronomy & Space Science programs Study of the GEO-SPACE phenomena ( )

31 NASU Applied Astronomy & Space Science programmes Study of the GEO-SPACE phenomena ( ) Institute for Space Researche

32 Main Astronomical Observatory

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34 Observational Services (Astronomy & related Sciences) The Simeiz-Katsiveli space geodynamics co-location site (Black Sea area to west of Yalta city)

35 Astronomy technological programmes Objective: in order to remain at the proper place of world astronomy, Ukraine must ensure new technological developments for providing the necessary platforms for new instruments and facilities. Radio Astronomy Ukraine is leading country in field of decametric radioastronomy thanks to activity by Prof. S.Ya. Braude and his followers. Ukraine possesses of world largest decameter wavelength (frequencies are 8-32 MHz) radio telescope UTR-2

36 Solar Service in Ukraine Institutions SRI CrAO AO KNU MAO NASU and others

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38 Village Nauchny (Scientific Village)

39 Old Crimean observatory at Koshka (the Cat) mountain near Simeiz

40 Andrej Severny Director of the Crimean Astrophysical Observatory ( ) Academician A.B. Severny ( )

41 Observatory at Nauchny (at Scientific village) Tower Solar Telescope 1 Here will be new telescope TST!

42 Observatory was opened at 1955

43 The Tower Solar Telescope 2

44 On the TST was created the solar magnetograph Academician V.E.Stepanov ( ) 64

45 Academician A.Severny makes measurements of the magnetic fields with magnetograph of the Tower Solar Telescope 1

46 On the TST was created the solar magnitograph One of the first magnetograms of the magnetic field of full solar disk

47 Measurement of transverse magnetic fields and electric currents in the active regions of the Sun Investigation of the structure of large-scale magnetic fields on the Sun The study of the magnetic field variations associated with flares The measurement of chromospheric magnetic field Detection of connection of flares with the change of the magnetic energy of spots and active regions before the flares. Map of magnetic fields in the area of flare

48 Andrej Severnyj, Teodor Tsap and Valery Kotov discovered solar photosphere oscillations with period 160 min

49 New results in the field of helioseismology and conclusions about the internal structure of the Sun Oscillations in the photosphere of the Sun with a period of 160 minutes The power spectrum of solar oscillations from measurements of the Crimean Astrophysical Observatory for the years

50 First foreign postgraduate students of the Crimean Astrophysical Observatory (~ ) Ye Shi Hui Honoured astronomer of China 叶世辉 紫金山天文台老一辈太阳物理学家, 在克里米亚天文台读 Severny( 谢韦尔内 ) 台长的博士研究生期间, 在太阳日珥光谱方面做出杰出工作 Vaclav Bumba( 国际著名太阳物理学家 ), 前捷克斯洛伐克科学院院长, 曾是克里米亚天文台的博士研究生 For many years he was director of the astronomical observatory in the Czechoslovakia

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52 J.Stenflo ( 国际著名太阳物理学家 ) 在克里米亚天文台学习期间和 Severny( 谢韦尔内 ) 台长, 以及 Gopasyuk( 郭巴休科 ) 一起讨论学术问题 Prof. Jan Stenflo (Sweden), Andrej Severnyj and Stepan Gopasyuk discuss future international research projects and activity of magnetic fields on the Sun.

53 Layout astronomical satellite "Astron" manufactured in the Crimean Astrophysical Observatory Andrej Bruns satellite "Astron" designer

54 Cosmonaut V.Sevast yanov and academician A.Severnyj discussion on future space flights M.Neshpor, cosmonaut V.Sevast yanov, A.Bruns and cosmonaut G.Grechko

55 D.N.Rachkovsky, 首先提出磁光效应对磁场测量的影响, 创建 Unno-Rachkovsky 辐射转移方程

56 Valery Kotov

57 Natalija Stepanyan

58 In the late forties, for the first time in our country, A.Severnyj and A.Gilvarg created interferencepolarization filter for monochromatic observations of the Sun

59 Picture of the Moon s far side On October 7, 1959 the Soviet probe Luna 3 took the first photographs of the lunar far side. The first picture of the Moon s far side has been received at the old Crimean observatory near Simeiz.

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62 Space-based programmes: RadioAstron RT-70 radio telescope (Evpatoria, Ukraine, National Space Center of SSAU) as the ground segment of this mission was prepared and upgraded by Institute of Radio Astronomy NASU for this mission since The interferometric responses were detected for many radio sources, base-lines, and frequency ranges.

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64 ASTRONOMY STAMPS OF UKRAINE

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70 Н е в ж е к і н е ц ь с в і т у?? Is this the End of World really?

71 Thank you very much! В а л е р і й К р и в о д у б с ь к и й Астрономічна обсерваторія Київського національного університету 20г р у д н я р о к у