Explain why miles cannot be used to measure distances in space.

Transcription

1 Space SC.8.E.5.1 SC.8.E.5.1: Recognize that there are enormous distances between objects in space and apply our knowledge of light and space travel to understand this difference.

2 Essential Questions: Distances in Space Explain why miles cannot be used to measure distances in space. Page 2 Questions 1. What is a light year? 2.What is an astronomical unit? 3. Give several examples in which it would be appropriate to use light years and A.U. as a unit of measure. Notes Name Date Period The distance light travels in a year/9.5 trillion Km/ About 300,000 Km/s how fast it travels The distance Earth is from the sun/93 million miles or 150 Km and 1 A.U. = is Earth s distance from the sun Between galaxies, constellation or stars any thing past our solar system. For example we are 4.3 ly from Proxima Centauri A.U. is better to use in our solar system between planets and our star the sun

3 Reflection: Emphasize 3 important ideas that you learned in the lesson. Essential Questions: Watch the Study Jam Click Explain why miles cannot be used to measure distances in space. Page 1 Questions 1. What is the universe? 2. List objects in space from largest to smallest. 3. What is our solar system? 4. Why do we have to use light years? Notes Everything that exist in space (planets, galaxies, stars, moons etc. Name Date Period Universe, galaxies, solar system, star, planets The sun and all the bodies like our planets, Asteroids, comets etc. that move around it. The universe is so large we need to use Light years

4 Outside Tab Name Date Period Page 3 Light Year 4 details Similar 1 detail Astronomical Unit 3 details

5 the distance that a ray of light travels in a vacuum in one Earth year. 9.5 trillion km in 1 year About 300,000 Km/s how fast it travels The closest star to the sun is about 4.3 light Inside Tab Both units are used to Measure the great distances in space One astronomical unit equals the average distance between the sun and Earth Approximate distance is 150 million Km Earth is from the sun. A.U. is used to measure distances in our solar system.

6 Which two objects in space are located farthest apart? Bell Work 1 ua. Earth and Mars ub. Earth and the sun uc. Earth and the moon ud. the Milky Way galaxy and the Andromeda galaxy Name Date Period Page1

7 Bell Work 2 We use modern spacecraft to explore space. About how fast do these spacecraft travel? u A. about 1/10,000 as fast as the speed of light u B. about ½ as fast as the speed of light u C. at the speed of light u D. about 2 times faster than the speed of light

8 A special unit called a light-year is used to describe the relationship between objects in space. How long is a light-year? ua. 365 days ub. 950,000 km uc. 9.5 trillion days ud. 9.5 trillion km 3

9 Astronomers use the light-year to describe the relationship between objects in space. For example, the Andromeda galaxy is 2.5 million ly from Earth. Which of the following units is most similar to the light-year? u A. gram u B. second u C. kilometer u D. degrees Celsius Bell Work 4

10 Distances between objects in space can be enormous. Which of the following distances is the longest? ua. 2.1 ly ub. 950,000 km uc. 9.5 trillion km ud. 1 million ly Bell Work 5

11 Two stars are 2 ly apart. How many kilometers apart are these two stars? ua. 19 billion km ub. 90 billion km uc. 19 trillion km ud. 90 trillion km 6

12 A light-year (ly) is the distance that light travels in one year. If a star is 3 ly from Earth, how long does it take light from that star to reach Earth? u A. 3 min u B. 3 h u C. 3 y u D. 3 ly 7

13 Space exploration has advanced our knowledge of the universe. Which space journey would take the longest? u A. a journey from Earth to the sun u B. a journey from Earth to the moon u C. a journey from Earth to a star in the constellation Centaurus u D. a journey from Earth to the farthest planet in our solar system, Neptune 8

14 The sun is much larger than the moon. However, as viewed from Earth, the sun and moon appear to be the same size. Why do the sun and moon appear to be the same size when viewed from Earth? u A. The moon is much hotter than the sun. u B. The moon is much denser than the sun. u C. The moon is much brighter than the sun. u D. The moon is much closer to Earth than the sun. 9

15 Define the term light year. ua light year is the distance that light travels through space in one year. Light travels at a speed of 300,000 km/s or 9.5 trillion km/year. u

16 Define the term astronomical unit. uan astronomical unit (AU) is between the Sun and the Earth, which the average distance is 150,000,000 kilometers. Earth is said to be 1.0 AU from the sun. u

17 Explain why these units of measurement are necessary. uspace is too vast to use traditional units of measure, such as kilometers.

18 Give several examples in which it would be appropriate to use light years as a unit of measure. ulight years would be used to measure distances between objects in the universe, such as between galaxies, from the Earth to a star, etc.

19 Give several examples in which it would be appropriate to use astronomical units as a unit of measure. uastronomical units would be used to measure distances within our solar system, such as the distance between the planets and the Sun or the planets from each other.

20 If an object is 7.4 light years away from the Earth, what does this information tell you? uif an object is 7.4 light years away, we know that light has been traveling at 300,000 km/s for 7.4 years. This object is really far away! In fact, it is 70,000,000,000,000 kilometers away from the Earth. u

21 If an object is 9.58 astronomical units away from the Sun, how would its distance from the Sun compare to the Earth s distance from the Sun? How do you know? uthe object is 9.58 times the distance from the Earth to Sun. Earth is 1.0 AU from the Sun, or about 150,000,000 kilometers. This object is 1,437,000,000 kilometers from the Sun! u

22 Explain how exploration of the universe, our galaxy, our solar system, and the planets within it is limited in terms of manned space missions. uour fastest spacecraft travel at 58,000 km/hour. For perspective, Proxima Centauri, the nearest star to the Earth, is 4.3 light years away. It would take this spacecraft 75,000 years to reach Proxima Centauri.. Thus, manned missions are not feasible for exploration of the

23 Light Year Vs. Astronomical Unit Light Year is the distance that a ray of light Travels in a vacuum in one Earth year 9.46 trillion kilometers = 1 year Used when objects are further than the solar system A.U. This unit is the distance Earth is from the sun Earth is 1 A.U. from the sun Kilometer are used in our solar system for units in distance

24 Where are we? estimated to be between 100,000 and 120,000 light years is our galaxy across. Our solar system is between 50,000 and 60,000 light years from center: What letter best represents our galaxy B B C A C A

25 Star Battle Star Distance from Earth in light years Barnard s Star 5.9 Proxima 4.2 Centauri Polaris 430 Sirius A and B 8.6

26 Which galaxies are the oldest in this picture? 2 1 3

27 Locate the Planet Game Planet Mercury Venus Earth Mars Jupiter Saturn Uranus Neptune Average distance from the Sun.387 AU.722 AU 1.0 AU 1.52 AU 5.20 AU 9.58 AU 19.2 AU 30.1 AU