The Inner Planets. Chapter 3 Lesson 1. Pages Workbook pages 51-52

Transcription

1 The Inner Planets Chapter 3 Lesson 1 Pages Workbook pages 51-52

2 Create the Foldable on pg 159 The solar The planets system The four inner planets Compare and Contrast Question

3 What are planets? BrainPop- Solar System NASA- Solar System Words to know- solar system- made up of stars and the objects that orbit around it planet- a large object that orbits a star moon- natural object that orbits a planet From nearest to farthest from the Sun, the planets are Mercury, Venus, Earth, Mars, Jupiter, Saturn, Uranus, and Neptune. The planets travel in ellipticals, nearly circular orbits around the sun. Mary Visits Europe Monthly Just (to) See Uncle Ned.

4 What are planets? Inner Planets- These planets are closest to the Sun. They are also called terrestrial planets because they have surfaces made of rock. These planets are Mercury, Venus, Earth, and Mars. Outer Planets- These planets have surfaces made of gases. They are called gaseous planets. These planets are Jupiter, Saturn, Uranus, and Neptune. An asteroid is a rock that revolves around the Sun. Most of the asteroids in the solar system are located between Mars and Jupiter in the asteroid belt. BrainPop- Asteroids NASA- Asteroids

5 What are planets? From Earth you can see several planets in the night sky. These planets look like tiny points of light. You can distinguish these points of light from stars by tracking the motion of the planets across the night sky. A planet will appear to move against the background of stars. While tracking the planets, you might notice that a planet will sometimes appear to move backward in its orbit. A planet doesn t really move backward; it just appears that way when viewing the planet from Earth. This apparent motion is called retrograde motion.

6 Which planet has the warmest surface temperature? Clue: Find the highest temperature in the mean surface temperature column. Venus has the warmest surface temperature. How do the surface materials of the inner and outer planets differ? The inner planets are composed of rock and the outer planets have surfaces made of gases.

7 What do we know about Mercury, Venus, and Earth? BrainPop- Mercury NASA- Mercury Facts about Mercury- closest planet to the Sun 1/3 the size of Earth Scientist think that it has a large nickel core and that part of the core is molten. Takes Mercury 88 days to make one revolution around the Sun, It rotates on its axis every 59 Earth days. No true atmosphere, but hydrogen, helium, argon, and oxygen have been detected Since there is no true atmosphere, temperatures at night are extremely low Words to know: revolution- in one complete trip around the sun rotate- a complete spin on an axis

8 What do we know about Mercury, Venus, and Earth? BrainPop- Venus NASA- Venus Facts about Venus- 2 nd planet from the Sun, 108 million kilometers (67 million miles) away from the Sun almost the same size as Earth, but the two planets are very different Surface is covered in vast plains, lava flows, huge mountains, and craters. volcanoes, A day in Venus is longer than its year. Venus rotates every 243 Earth days. It revolves around the Sun in 225 Earth days. Venus also rotates in the direction opposite Earth s rotation. It has a dense atmosphere of carbon dioxide and is covered by a thick layer of clouds. This results in extremely high temperatures, 480 degrees C (900 degrees ). Venus has yellow clouds of sulfuric acid. Precipitation from these clouds is like acid rain on Earth except worse.

9 What do we know about Mercury, Venus, and Earth? More facts about Venus: Pressure at the surface of Venus is 90 times the atmospheric pressure at Earth s surface. The pressure is enough to crush a spacecraft. Scientist think that Venus s interiors is similar to Earth s, with an iron core that extends halfway to its surface. Because Venus is so close to Earth, it is the brightest planet in our sky.

10 What do we know about Mercury, Venus, and Earth? BrainPop- Earth NASA- Earth Facts about Earth (most you already know): 3 rd planet from the Sun an Earth day- 24 hrs, year- 365 days long diameter- few hundred km larger than Venus, making it the largest inner planet an active planet There might have been as many craters on Earth as there are on Mercury. Erosion on Earth caused these craters to disappear. Earth is the only planet in the solar system to support life. The atmosphere keeps it from getting too hot or too cold. The atmosphere is made of nitrogen (78 percent) and oxygen (21 percent). n a

11 Review of the Inner Planets How are Mercury, Venus, and Earth alike? All three are rocky. Venus and Earth have substantial atmospheres. Venus and Mercury are both very hot. How are they different? Venus and Mercury are much hotter than Earth. Earth has a lot of water, and the other two planets do not. Earth has a lot of oxygen in its atmosphere, and the other planets do not.

12 What is Mars like? BrainPop- Mars NASA- Mars Facts about Mars- 4 th planet from the Sun rotation hrs revolution- is almost twice as long as Earth s Its axis is tilted 25 degrees. This means that Mars also has seasons. Scientist have discovered huge volcanoes on Mars. One of them Olympus Mons, rises 27 km (almost 17 miles) above the surrounding plain. That s three times as high as Mount Everest. atmosphere- thin, made of carbon dioxide (95 %), nitrogen (2.7 %), and argon (1.6 %), appears to pink- because a lot of the reddish dust is suspended in the atmosphere interior makeup is unknown, scientist think that Mars has a solid core composed of iron and sulfur, and no evidence of tectonic plates on the Martian crust Ice caps made of frozen carbon dioxide and water can be found at both Martian poles.

13 Review of Mars How does a day on Mars compare to a day on Earth? They are almost the same length. How does Mars volcano, Olympus Mons, compare to Earth s mountains? Olympus Mons is about three times as high as Mount Everest. Explain why Mars would be the most easily visited inner planet by humans. Mars is more like Earth than Venus and Mercury. Both Mercury and Venus have extreme temperatures. Venus also has extremely high atmospheric pressure.

14 Review Comparing Sizes of the Planets Travel to Mercury, Venus, Mars, and Earth More Facts about the Inner Planets Exploring Different Images (Click on the images 1-13, describe and name the images, then click on the Part 2 Researcher s Description at the bottom of the page) The Solar System Kids Astronomy- The Solar System, Click on the Inner Planets Starchild- Planets and Dwarf Planets NASA- Grades 5-8 Order It Up- Solar System

15 Review Planet Image Cards Planetary Orbits Scholastic- Planets Solar System Jigsaw Puzzle Space Sense- Click on the names of the inner planets at the bottom. Solar System Trading Cards Welcome to the Planets