Numerical simulations of radiation processes in AGN.

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1 Numerical simulations of radiation rocesses in AGN. Effect of chemical comosition Xavier Rodrigues DESY, Zeuthen, Germany Astroteilchenschule, Bärnfels October 14, 2016

Introduction > Question: origin & comosition of Ultra-High Energy Cosmic Rays > Likely dominated by

2007 astro-h0512345] > Candidate: Active Galactic Nuclei (AGN) > Numerical model for hadronic

motivation: exerimental data X max (g/cm 2 ) Syst.

2 Introduction > Question: origin & comosition of Ultra-High Energy Cosmic Rays > Likely dominated by extra-galactic sources [Allard et al astro-h ] > Candidate: Active Galactic Nuclei (AGN) > Numerical model for hadronic interactions > Predict cosmic-ray (CR) and ν sectra > Study effect of heavyaverage elements of X max motivation: exerimental data X max (g/cm 2 ) Syst roton iron EPOS-LHC QGSJetII-04 Sibyll2.1 AUGER, PRELIMINARY log (E/eV) 10 [Auger Collaboration, ICRC 2015] Xavier Rodrigues Astroteilchenschule, Bärnfels October 14, 2016 Page 2

Physical model Blazar > CR acceleration in the jet > Consider a lasma blob along the jet of

relativistic jet suermassive black hole > Useful transforms: [Obs frame] Energy: E obs =

dilation: D relativistic beaming: D 2 thin accretion disk Picture courtesy NASA, Dana

3 Physical model Blazar > CR acceleration in the jet > Consider a lasma blob along the jet of radius r = c t flare > B confinement of charged articles > n, ν escae directly Doler factor D relativistic jet suermassive black hole > Useful transforms: [Obs frame] Energy: E obs = Luminosity: L obs = [Jet rest frame] ( ) D E, 1 + z D4 (1 + z) 2 L relativistic Doler: D time dilation: D relativistic beaming: D 2 thin accretion disk Picture courtesy NASA, Dana Berry/Skyworks Digital Xavier Rodrigues Astroteilchenschule, Bärnfels October 14, 2016 Page 3 thick dust torus

Physical model Blazar Sectral Energy Distribution (SED) serves as target

cascade (hadronic scenario) synchrotron self-comton accretion IR blue: L γ

5 erg/s black: L γ > 10 48 erg/s Points: observation.

4 Physical model Blazar Sectral Energy Distribution (SED) serves as target hoton field for CR interactions inverse Comton (letonic scenario) hadronic cascade (hadronic scenario) synchrotron self-comton accretion IR blue: L γ < erg/s green: L γ < erg/s red: L γ < erg/s black: L γ > erg/s Points: observation. Lines: models [Ghisellini 2013 arxiv: ] Xavier Rodrigues Astroteilchenschule, Bärnfels October 14, 2016 Page 4

5 Physical model hadronic rocesses Fermi-shock CR acceleration ower-law CR injection dn de = E α index α deends on shock comression ratio (tyically α = 2) Acceleration, synchrotron, escae time deend on magnetic field strength Examles of interactions π hotoion inv. Comton hoto disintegration n π, µ decay e air rod nuclear decay µ ν µ synchrotron π + ν µ ν e ē e If heavier nuclei are resent, 56 Fe 4 He 14 C 14 N n ν e e Xavier Rodrigues Astroteilchenschule, Bärnfels October 14, 2016 Page 5

6 Interaction framework > NEUCOSMA [Bearwald et al, AP 35 (2012) ] numerical framework for nuclear cascades > Develoed for Gamma-Ray Bursts (GRB) aly to AGN > Numerically solve PDE system (1 eq. er article secies) N(E) t ==0 if steady state reached = N(E) ( b(e) N(E)) + Q(E) E t esc energy loss article escae π 0 article injection n π + Xavier Rodrigues Astroteilchenschule, Bärnfels October 14, 2016 Page 6

7 Preliminary results > Inut Blazar SED roosed in [Anchordoqui et al., AP 29 (2008) 1-13] > L γ = erg/s () () > Γ = > t obs flare = 104 s We will also consider > z = 0.1 > B = 0.9 G Xavier Rodrigues Astroteilchenschule, Bärnfels October 14, 2016 Page 7

8 Preliminary results > Pure roton injection: [X Rodrigues, A Fedynitch, D Boncioli, W Winter in rearation] Xavier Rodrigues Astroteilchenschule, Bärnfels October 14, 2016 Page 8

9 Preliminary results > Pure iron-56 injection: [X Rodrigues, A Fedynitch, D Boncioli, W Winter in rearation] Xavier Rodrigues Astroteilchenschule, Bärnfels October 14, 2016 Page 9

10 Preliminary results > Comarison of total neutrino sectra [X Rodrigues, A Fedynitch, D Boncioli, W Winter in rearation] Xavier Rodrigues Astroteilchenschule, Bärnfels October 14, 2016 Page 10

11 Outlook > Acceleration of heavy nuclei in AGN has a significant effect on the exected ν sectrum > Currently attemting to reroduce other ublished results > Next ste: robe arameter sace, articularly isotoic comosition > In the future: consider more sohisticated model to include hoton feedback (self-consistent icture of hotons rotons nuclei) Xavier Rodrigues Astroteilchenschule, Bärnfels October 14, 2016 Page 11

12 Backu Examle: treatment of γ π + in NEUCOSMA [W Winter, rivate note] Xavier Rodrigues Astroteilchenschule, Bärnfels October 14, 2016 Page 12

arxiv: v1 [astro-ph.he] 6 Nov 2017

arxiv: v1 [astro-ph.he] 6 Nov 2017 arxiv:1711.02091v1 [astro-ph.he] 6 Nov 2017 Neutrinos and Ultra-High-Energy Cosmic-Ray Nuclei from Blazars Xavier Rodrigues, Anatoli Fedynitch, Shan Gao, Denise Boncioli, and Walter Winter DESY, Platanenallee