Momentum and Energy Review

Transcription

1 Momentum n Energy Review Nme: Dte: 1. A kilogrm ll trveling t 60.0 meters per seon hits onrete wll. Wht spee must kilogrm ullet hve in orer to hit the wll with the sme mgnitue of momentum s the ll? 4. The igrm elow shows n 8.0-kilogrm rt moving to the right t 4.0 meters per seon out to mke he-on ollision with 4.0-kilogrm rt moving to the left t 6.0 meters per seon. ) 3.60 m/s ) 6.00 m/s ) 360. m/s ) 600. m/s 2. Whih term ientifies slr quntity? ) isplement ) momentum ) veloity ) time 3. The igrm elow shows ompresse spring etween two rts initilly t rest on horizontl, fritionless surfe. Crt A hs mss of 2 kilogrms n rt B hs mss of 1 kilogrm. A string hols the rts together. After the ollision, the 4.0-kilogrm rt moves to the right t 3.0 meters per seon. Wht is the veloity of the 8.0-kilogrm rt fter the ollision? ) 0.50 m/s left ) 0.50 m/s right ) 5.5 m/s left ) 5.5 m/s right 5. A 1.0-kilogrm lortory rt moving with veloity of 0.50 meter per seon ue est ollies with n stiks to similr rt initilly t rest. After the ollision, the two rts move off together with veloity of 0.25 meter per seon ue est. The totl momentum of this fritionless system is ) zero efore the ollision The string is ut n the rts move prt. Compre to the mgnitue of the fore the spring exerts on rt A, the mgnitue of the fore the spring exerts on rt B is ) the sme ) hlf s gret ) zero fter the ollision ) the sme efore n fter the ollision ) greter efore the ollision thn fter the ollision ) twie s gret ) four times s gret pge 1

2 6. The igrm elow represents spring hnging vertilly tht strethes meter when 5.0-newton lok is tthe. The spring-lok system is t rest in the position shown. 8. In the igrm elow, sle vetors represent the momentum of eh of two msses, A n B, sliing towr eh other on fritionless, horizontl surfe. Whih sle vetor est represents the momentum of the system fter the msses ollie? ) ) ) ) The vlue of the spring onstnt is ) 38 N/m ) 67 N/m 9. The igrm here shows 1-kilogrm luminum sphere n 3-kilogrm opper sphere of equl rius lote 20 meters ove the groun. Air resistne is negligile. ) 130 N/m ) 650 N/m 7. The igrm elow represents two msses efore n fter they ollie. Before the ollision, mss m A is moving to the right with spee v, n mss m B is t rest. Upon ollision, the two msses stik together. Just efore striking the groun, the spee of the luminum sphere is 20 meters per seon. Wht is the momentum of the opper sphere? ) 10 kg-m/se ) 20 kg-m/se Whih expression represents the spee, v 1, of the msses fter the ollision? [Assume no outsie fores re ting on m A or m B ] ) 60 kg-m/se ) 600 kg-m/se ) ) m A + m B v m A ) m B v m A + m B ) m A + m B m A v m A v m A + m B pge 2 Momentum n Energy Review

3 10. In the igrm shown, 10-kilogrm ll is fire with veloity of 500 meters per seon from 1,000-kilogrm nnon. Wht is the reoil veloity of the nnon? 14. In the igrm, 0.4-kilogrm steel sphere n 0.1-kilogrm wooen sphere re lote 2.0 meters ove the groun. Both spheres re llowe to fll from rest. Whih sttement est esries the spheres fter they hve fllen 1.0 meter? [Neglet ir resistne.] ) 5 m/se ) 2 m/se ) 10 m/se ) 500 m/se 11. The igrm shown represents two ojets t rest on fritionless horizontl surfe with spring ompresse etween them. When the ompresse spring is relese, the two ojets re pushe prt. Wht is the totl momentum of the two-ojet system tht is shown fter the expnsion of the spring? ) 20 kg-m/s ) 10 kg-m/s ) 5.0 kg-m/s ) 0 kg-m/s 12. Wht is the veloity of the 2.0-kilogrm ojet tht is shown fter eing te on y 10 newton-seons of impulse? ) 1.0 m/s ) 2.0 m/s ) 5.0 m/s ) 10 m/s 13. If the 1.0-kilogrm ojet tht is shown reeives n impulse of 20 newton-seons, wht impulses oes the 2.0-kilogrm ojet reeive? ) 0 N-s ) +5.0 N-s ) +10 N-s ) +20 N-s ) Both spheres hve the sme spee n momentum. ) Both spheres hve the sme spee n the steel sphere hs more momentum thn the wooen sphere. ) The steel sphere hs greter spee n hs less momentum thn the wooen sphere. ) The steel sphere hs greter spee thn the wooen sphere n oth spheres hve the sme momentum. 15. The igrm given shows two rts on horizontl, fritionless surfe eing pushe prt when ompresse spring tthe to one of the rts is relese. Crt A hs mss of 3.0 kilogrms n rt B hs mss of 5.0 kilogrms. The spee of rt A is 0.33 meters per seon fter the spring is relese. If the rts re initilly t rest, wht is the pproximte spee of rt B fter the spring is relese? ) 0.12 m/s ) 0.20 m/s ) 0.33 m/s ) 0.55 m/s pge 3 Momentum n Energy Review

4 16. As shown in the igrms, lump of ly trvels horizontlly to the right towr lok t rest on fritionless surfe. Upon ollision, the ly n the lok stik together n move to the right. Compre to the totl momentum of the ly n the lok efore the ollision, the momentum of the ly-lok system fter the ollision is 19. A l rt is loe with ifferent msses n move t vrious veloities. Whih igrm shows the rtmss system with the gretest inerti? ) ) less ) greter ) the sme ) 17. Wht is the momentum of 1,200-kilogrm r trveling t 15 meters per seon ue est? ) 80. kg m/s ue est ) 80. kg m/s ue west ) kg m/s ue est ) kg m/s ue west ) 18. In the igrm elow, 60.-kilogrm rollerskter exerts 10.-newton fore on 30.-kilogrm rollerskter for 0.20 seon. ) Wht is the mgnitue of the impulse pplie to the 30.-kilogrm rollerskter? ) 50. N s ) 2.0 N s ) 6.0 N s ) 12 N s pge 4 Momentum n Energy Review

5 20. The ompnying grph shows elongtion s funtion of the pplie fore for two springs, A n B. 22. Bse your nswer(s) to the following question(s) on the informtion elow. A stuent proue vrious elongtions of spring y pplying series of fores to the spring. The grph elow represents the reltionship etween the pplie fore n the elongtion of the spring. Compre to the spring onstnt for spring A, the spring onstnt for spring B is ) smller ) lrger ) the sme 21. Bse your nswer(s) to the following question(s) on the informtion n grph elow. The grph represents the reltionship etween the fore pplie to eh of two springs, A n B, n their elongtions. Determine the spring onstnt of the spring. 23. Clulte the time require for newton net fore to stop kilogrm r initilly trveling t 10 meters per seon. [Show ll work, inluing the eqution n sustitution with units.] 24. A 10.-newton fore ompresses spring 0.25 meter from its equilirium position. Clulte the spring onstnt of this spring. [Show ll work, inluing the eqution n sustitution with units.] [2] Wht physil quntity is represente y the slope of eh line? 25. Bse your nswer(s) to the following question(s) on the informtion n igrm elow. A 1200-kilogrm r moving t 12 meters per seon ollies with 2300-kilogrm r tht is witing t rest t trffi light. After the ollision, the rs lok together n slie. Eventully, the omine rs re rought to rest y fore of kineti frition s the ruer tires slie ross the ry, level, sphlt ro surfe. Clulte the spee of the loke-together rs immeitely fter the ollision. [Show ll work, inluing the eqution n sustitution with units.] pge 5 Momentum n Energy Review

6 26. Wht is the mximum istne tht 60-wtt motor my vertilly lift 90-newton weight in 7.5 seons? 29. Whih grph est represents the reltionship etween the kineti energy (KE) of moving ojet s funtion of its veloity (v)? ) 2.3 m ) 5.0 m ) 140 m ) 1100 m ) ) 27. In the igrm, 55 joules of work is neee to rise 10-newton 5.0 meters. How muh work is one to overome frition s the weight is rise? ) ) ) 5 J ) 5.5 J ) 11 J ) 50 J 30. The ompnying grph shows the reltionship etween the elongtion of spring n the fore pplie to the spring using it to streth. 28. A ox weighing newtons is rgge to the top of n inline, s shown in the igrm. The grvittionl potentil energy of the ox t the top of the inline is pproximtely Wht is the spring onstnt for this spring? ) N/m ) 2.0 N/m ) 25 N/m ) 50. N/m ) J ) J ) J ) J 31. A 3.0-kilogrm lok is initilly t rest on fritionless, horizontl surfe. The lok is move 8.0 meters in 2.0 seons y the pplition of 12-newton horizontl fore, s shown in the ompnying igrm. Wht is the verge power evelope while moving the lok? ) 24 W ) 32 W ) 48 W ) 96 W pge 6 Momentum n Energy Review

7 32. If the spee of r is oule, the kineti energy of the r is ) quruple ) oule ) qurtere ) hlve 33. The igrm here shows 1-kilogrm stone eing roppe from rige 100 meters ove gorge. 35. A 100-kilogrm person quires veloity of 15 meters per seon own ski slope. Wht is the skier s kineti energy? ) 22,500 joules ) 11,250 joules ) 1,500 joules ) 115 joules 36. Wht is the isplement of the mss hnger (H) shown in the igrm fter 0.20-kilogrm mss is loe on it? [Assume the hnger is t rest in oth positions.] As the stone flls, the grvittionl potentil energy of the stone ) ereses ) inreses ) remins the sme ) m ) m ) m ) m 34. The igrm shown represents two ojets t rest on fritionless horizontl surfe with spring ompresse etween them. When the ompresse spring is relese, the two ojets re pushe prt. Wht kineti energy oes the 2.0-kilogrm ojet hve fter gining veloity of 5.0 meters per seon? ) 25 J ) 20 J ) 10 J ) 5.0 J pge 7 Momentum n Energy Review

8 Prolem-Atti formt version EuAie Softwre Liense for use y phelipefernnes@gmil.om Terms of Use t Momentum n Energy Review 1/13/ The quntity represente y the slope of eh line is the spring onstnt. 20. N/m F net t = δp; t = 2.0 s k = 40. N/m 4.1 m/s