Chapter 5/6: Newton s Laws Review

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1 Chapter 5/6: Newton s Laws Review ConcepTest 5.1a Newton s First Law I A book is lying at rest on a table. The book will remain there at rest because: 1) there is a net force but the book has too much iner9a 2) there are no forces ac9ng on it at all 3) it does move, but too slowly to be seen 4) there is no net force on the book 5) there is a net force, but the book is too heavy to move Forces ConcepTest 5.1b Newton s First Law II A hockey puck slides on ice at constant velocity. What is the net force ac9ng on the puck? 1) more than its weight 2) equal to its weight 3) less than its weight but more than zero 4) depends on the speed of the puck 5) zero ConcepTest 5.1c Newton s First Law III You put your book on the bus seat next to you. When the bus stops suddenly, the book slides forward off the seat. Why? 1) a net force acted on it 2) no net force acted on it 3) it remained at rest 4) it did not move, but only seemed to 5) gravity briefly stopped ac9ng on it Consider a cart on a horizontal fric9onless table. Once the cart has been given a push and released, what will happen to the cart? ConcepTest 5.2a Cart on Track I 1) slowly come to a stop 2) con9nue with constant accelera9on 3) con9nue with decreasing accelera9on 4) con9nue with constant velocity 5) immediately come to a stop ConcepTest 5.4a Off to the Races I From rest, we step on the gas of our Ferrari, providing a force F for 4 secs, speeding it up to a final speed v. If the applied force were only 1/2 F, how long would it have to be applied to reach the same final speed? 1) 16 s 2) 8 s 3) 4 s 4) 2 s 5) 1 s F v 1

2 Example 6 Suppose that a 1200 kg car is traveling at 25.0 m/s (55 mph). When the brakes are locked, it experiences a decelerakon. What is the minimum stopping distance required for the car to stop if the coefficient of frickon between the Kres and the road is 0.3? ConcepTest 5.4b Off to the Races II From rest, we step on the gas of our 1) 250 m Ferrari, providing a force F for 4 secs. During this 9me, the car moves 50 m. If 2) 200 m the same force would be applied for 8 3) 150 m secs, how much would the car have 4) 100 m traveled during this 9me? 5) 50 m F v ConcepTest 5.7 Climbing the Rope When you climb up a rope, the first thing you do is pull down on the rope. How do you manage to go up the rope by doing that?? 1) this slows your ini9al velocity, which is already upward 2) you don t go up, you re too heavy 3) you re not really pulling down it just seems that way 4) the rope actually pulls you up 5) you are pulling the ceiling down ConcepTest 5.8a Bowling vs. Ping-Pong I In outer space, a bowling ball and a ping-pong ball a^ract each other due to gravita9onal forces. How do the magnitudes of these a^rac9ve forces compare? 1) the bowling ball exerts a greater force on the ping-pong ball 2) the ping-pong ball exerts a greater force on the bowling ball 3) the forces are equal 4) the forces are zero because they cancel out 5) there are actually no forces at all F 12 F 21 A small car collides with a large truck. Which experiences the greater impact force? ConcepTest 5.9a Collision Course I 1) the car 2) the truck 3) both the same 4) it depends on the velocity of each 5) it depends on the mass of each Example 11 To the right is an Atwood machine. Mass 1 is 5.0 kg and mass 2 is 4 kg. What is the accelerakon of the system when the blocks are released? 2

3 In the collision between the car and the truck, which has the greater accelera9on? ConcepTest 5.9b Collision Course II 1) the car 2) the truck 3) both the same 4) it depends on the velocity of each 5) it depends on the mass of each ConcepTest 5.11a Gravity and Weight I What can you say 1) F g is greater on the feather 2) F g is greater on the stone about the force of 3) F g is zero on both due to vacuum gravity F g ac9ng on a 4) F g is equal on both always stone and a feather? 5) F g is zero on both always ConcepTest 5.11b Gravity and Weight II What can you say about 1) it is greater on the feather the accelera9on of 2) it is greater on the stone gravity ac9ng on the 3) it is zero on both due to vacuum stone and the feather? 4) it is equal on both always 5) it is zero on both always ConcepTest 5.12 On the Moon An astronaut on Earth kicks a 1) more bowling ball and hurts his foot. A 2) less year later, the same astronaut 3) the same kicks a bowling ball on the Moon with the same force. His foot hurts... Ouch! Example 16 Stacie, who has a mass of 45 kg, starts down a slide on a playground that is inclined at 40 with the horizontal. If the coefficient of kinekc frickon between Stacie s shorts and the slide is 0.25, what is her accelerakon? ConcepTest 5.14 Normal Force Below you see two cases: a physics student pulling or pushing a sled with a force F which is applied at an angle θ. In which case is the normal force greater? 1) case 1 2) case 2 3) it s the same for both 4) depends on the magnitude of the force F 5) depends on the ice surface Case 1 Case 2 3

4 ConcepTest 5.15 On an Incline ConcepTest 6.1a Tension I Consider two iden9cal blocks, one res9ng on a flat surface and the other res9ng on an incline. For which case is the normal force greater? 1) case A 2) case B 3) both the same (N = mg) 4) both the same (0 < N < mg) 5) both the same (N = 0) You 9e a rope to a tree and you pull on the rope with a force of 100 N. What is the tension in the rope? 1) 0 N 2) 50 N 3) 100 N 4) 150 N 5) 200 N ConcepTest 6.1b Tension II Two tug-of-war opponents each 1) 0 N pull with a force of 100 N on 2) 50 N opposite ends of a rope. What is 3) 100 N the tension in the rope? 4) 150 N 5) 200 N Example 21 A 63 kg water skier is pulled up a 14.0 incline by a rope parallel to the incline with a tension of 512 N. If she accelerates at 2.4 m/s 2, what is the coefficient of frickon between the skis and the incline? ConcepTest 6.2 Three Blocks Three blocks of mass 3m, 2m, and m are connected by strings and pulled with constant accelera9on a. What is the rela9onship between the tension in each of the strings? 1) T 1 > T 2 > T 3 2) T 1 < T 2 < T 3 3) T 1 = T 2 = T 3 4) all tensions are zero 5) tensions are random A box sits in a pickup truck on a fric9onless truck bed. When the truck accelerates forward, the box slides off the back of the truck because: ConcepTest 6.4 Fric9on 1) the force from the rushing air pushed it off 2) the force of fric9on pushed it off 3) no net force acted on the box 4) truck went into reverse by accident 5) none of the above a 3m T 3 T 2 T 2m 1 m 4

5 An9lock brakes keep the car wheels from locking and skidding during a sudden stop. Why does this help slow the car down? ConcepTest 6.5 An9lock Brakes 1) µ k > µ s so sliding fric9on is be^er 2) µ k > µ s so sta9c fric9on is be^er 3) µ s > µ k so sliding fric9on is be^er 4) µ s > µ k so sta9c fric9on is be^er 5) none of the above Your li^le sister wants you to give her a ride on her sled. On level ground, what is the easiest way to accomplish this? ConcepTest 6.6 Going Sledding 1) pushing her from behind 2) pulling her from the front 3) both are equivalent 4) it is impossible to move the sled 5) tell her to get out and walk 1 2 Example 26 A force of 150 N acts on two blocks of masses 10.0 kg and 5.00 kg, respeckvely. What is the accelerakon of the system? A box of weight 100 N is at rest on a floor where µ s = 0.5. A rope is a^ached to the box and pulled horizontally with tension T = 30 N. Which way does the box move? ConcepTest 6.7 Will it Budge? 1) moves to the leh 2) moves to the right 3) moves up 4) moves down 5) the box does not move Sta9c fric9on (µ s = 0.4 ) m T A box sits on a flat board. You lih one end of the board, making an angle with the floor. As you increase the angle, the box will eventually begin to slide down. Why? ConcepTest 6.8a Sliding Down I 1) component of the gravity force parallel to the plane increased 2) coeff. of sta9c fric9on decreased 3) normal force exerted by the board decreased 4) both #1 and #3 5) all of #1, #2 and #3 ConcepTest 6.8b Sliding Down II A mass m is placed on an 1) not move at all inclined plane (µ > 0) and slides down the plane with 2) slide a bit, slow down, then stop constant speed. If a similar 3) accelerate down the incline block (same µ) of mass 2m 4) slide down at constant speed were placed on the same incline, it would: 5) slide up at constant speed m Normal Weight Net Force 5

6 Newton s Laws 10-year-old Sarah stands on a skateboard. Her older brother Jack starts pushing her backward and she starts speeding up. The force of Jack on Sarah is A. greater than the force of Sarah on Jack. B. equal to than the force of Sarah on Jack. C. less than the force of Sarah on Jack. Example 31 A plunger in a pinball machine is pulled back to compress a spring 35 cm. If the ball has a mass of 15 g and the ball experiences a coefficient of frickon of 0.08, what is the accelerakon of the ball as it is being pushed? k = 1.2 N/m An object is held in place by frickon on an inclined surface. The angle of inclinakon is increased unkl the object starts moving. If the surface is kept at this angle, the object Consider a car at rest. We can conclude that the downward gravitakonal pull of Earth on the car and the upward contact force of Earth on it are equal and opposite because 1. Slows down 2. Moves at uniform speed 3. Speeds up 4. None of the above 1. the two forces form an interackon pair. 2. the net force on the car is zero. 3. neither of the above. 6

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