Ion trap. 3D Quadrupole Trap. -Mass spectrometer -Ion trap (Quadrupol Ion Storage, Quistor) 18. April
|
|
- Barbra Carroll
- 5 years ago
- Views:
Transcription
1 Ion trap 3D Quadrupole Trap -Mass spectrometer -Ion trap (Quadrupol Ion Storage, Quistor) 18. April 011 1
2 The trajectories of the ions can be given: They form Mathieu differential equations: with r + Ion trap: the mathematical background The potential inside the trap can be described: q mr 0 ( U U g 0 cos( ωt) )r = 0 und &z q Z= d u dξ + ( a q cos ( ( ξ ξ 0 ))u = 0 The solution in general is complex: ( ) Φ( r, z)= Φ r 0 z mr April 011 n= n= r 0 ( U g U 0 cos( ωt) )z = 0 a z = a r = 8qU g r 0 mω = 4qU g z 0 mω und q z = q r = 4qU 0 r 0 mω = qu 0 z 0 mω.. ( ) ( ) u0( ξ)= A u c n cos ( n + βu)ξ + B u c n sin ( n + βu)ξ
3 Stability diagram
4 Ion trap: modes of operation R.E. March and J. Hughes, Quadrupol Storage Mass Spectrometry, 18. April 011 4
5 Conditions for the ion traping: ion trajectories There are thre equations of motion in the ion trap: z q.. x&y +.. y&x + mr 0 q mr 0 q mr 0 ( U g U 0 cos( ωt) )z = 0 ( U U g 0 cos( ωt) )y = 0 ( U U g 0 cos( ωt) )x = 0 The direction x and y have the same a and q values, but different initial conditions. With the tangential component of the velocity (x = r sinθ und y = r cosθ ) the equation of motion: and d r dξ r dθ dξ + ( a r q r cos( ( ξ ξ 0 ))r = 0 d r dθ dt dt + r d θ dt = 0 yields the conservation of the momentum L 18. April 011 5
6 Conditions for traping By integration we have: r dθ dt = const. = L a Moment La is constant around the z axis. Thus, there is tangential velocity component conserved and an ion will be moved in plane 18. April 011 6
7 Well of the traping potential generated between the caps Neglecting higher order oscylation motion in z direction can be described With qz 0.4 the frequencies can be approximate as : This gives: ω n = ( n + β) Ω β z = a z + q z d z dt = ω z z ω z = ω 0,z = β z Ω d z dt = q 0 V AC 4mz 0 Ω z and describes the ion oscillation in potential with deepness of Dz generated by the caps D z = q 0V AC 4mz 0 Ω 18. April 011 7
8 Traping efficiency of an ion trap With Dz = Dr the former equation can described : D r = q V 0 AC 8mz 0 Ω = q 0V AC 4mr 0 Ω The potential generated in space filled by ions is described by Poisson equation: Φ i = Ψ = 4πρ max Without DC component in potential expression one can obtain Ψ( x, y, z)= D r ( x + y )+ D z r 0 z z 0 Ψ = 3D z z 0 ρ max = 3D z 4πz 0 N max = ρ max q 0 = 3D z q 0 4πz 0 = 3 mω 64π q 0 qz = N max Ion densities are high and Coulombic repulsion will occur for larger charge densities Nmax = cm April 011 8
9 Space charge and a parameters a z = 8q 0πρ max mω a r = 4q 0πρ max mω 18. April 011 9
10 3D ion trap Paul et al. ~1950 The original Paul ion trap possesses two end cap electrodes with hyperbolic surfaces and a ring electrode. The end cap electrodes are grounded whereas there is an rf voltage (1 MHz) on the ring electrode. Ions are stored together in the ion trap and are detected by changing the experimental parameters.
11 Operation Ions which enter through a hole in the end cap oscillate in the ion trap, whereby the stability of the oscillating ions is determined by the m/z ratio of ions, the rf (radio frequency) and voltage supplied to the ring electrode. By changing the frequency of the rf generator, which excites the ion oscillation in the ion trap, ions with different masses are destabilized step by step. They then leave the ion trap and are detected. The mass spectrum of the ions ejected from the ion trap and separated according to their m/z ratio is obtained by scanning the rf voltage (method of operation: mass selective instability mode). Another procedure for ejecting ions from the ion trap is using the mass selective instability mode by applying a second rf voltage (lower in frequency than that of the ring electrode) which is supplied to the end caps. When the rf voltage is scanned on the ring electrode, causing mass selective instability, ions are sequentially brought into resonance with the rf of the end caps. This behaviour results in an increase in translation energy of the trapped ions with defined m/z ratio and the ions are ejected from the ion trap in a well-defined manner.
12 State of application Ion trap mass analyzers ca permit mass spectrometric measurements of large organic compounds such as proteins and biomolecules (with masses Da) at high mass resolution and low detection limit down to10 15 g. Over the last few decades, quadrupole ion trap mass analyzers (now known as the 3D QIT), together with soft ionization techniques, such as electrospray ionization (ESI) or MALDI, have developed into a sensitive and versatile analytical tool for identifying organic molecules (especially for biomolecular analysis) in order to look at intact ions with masses into the kda range. The use of low cost quadrupole ion traps as high efficient mass analyzers is well known from their application in tandem mass spectrometers (MS/MS) also coupled together with liquid and gas chromatography (LC-MS and GC-MS, respectively) in organic mass spectrometry.
13
14 A linear quadrupole ion trap for use as a mass spectrometer by applying a radial ion ejection. The schematic of the trap shows the ejection slot along the length of one of the x-rods. An overall view of the complete instrument shows a typical potentials and pressures. The first (square) quadrupole is an ion guide to transport ions from the ESI source into the higher vacuum region and the function of the small octapole is similar but to facilitate ion transfer into the trap. Schwartz, et al., J. Am. Soc. for Mass Spectr., 13, p , 00,.
15 Other systems used: hexapole, octopole, -pole ion trap The key point for understanding the principle of operation of ion guides, traps etc. is the treatment of the equation of motion within an adiabatic approximation which leads to the introduction of the so called effective potential (also called quasi-, pseudo- or ponderomotive potential). In the case of a particle with charge q and mass m, moving in an oscillatory electrical field E, cos (Qt), the trajectory r(t) can be approximated by superimposing a smooth drift term R,(t) secular motion a rapidly oscillating motion R,(t) micro motion
16 Ion motion in octopole and 3 pole fields
17 Slowly varying term R 0 (t) is derived from the V* potential: Adiabaticity approximation is valid at a sufficiently high frequency and for η<0.3 where Adiabaticity parameter
18 Stability parameter vs. velocity
19 Potential used in calculation of a smooth trajectory in n-poles, Ω = n eff m q r V n V ρ At sufficiently high frequency the smooth trajectory can be calculated from the effective potential which is time independent: The adiabatic conservation of energy ensures that transmission and confinement of the ions do not depend on the individual initial conditions but only on the transverse energy ) ( Ω = n m q r V n n ρ η
20 The total energy of an ion, E T (transverse), is conserved within narrow limits (better than for η < 0.3). E T can be determined by averaging the energy of an ion over a sufficient large number of rf periods or by calculating (or measuring) the ion energy in a region where the rf field is sufficiently small. The conservation of energy holds only in average and that, in reality, the energy of an ion is modulated repeatedly, especially if it enters strong electric field regions, i.e. if it approaches an electrode.
21 Field-free potentials The ion energy never exceeds 3E T - a very general result and independent on the field geometry, provided that η remains smaller than 0.3. The probability to find the ion with an energy close to its nominal value E T depends quite strongly on the trap structure. The influence of the rf field can also be estimated from the effective potential V* One can see that for the large n potentials field free volume is large and trajectories of ions are affected only in vicinity of electrodes.
22 Quadrupole -Octupole fields
23 Cooling in high-order rf poles Numerical calculations and experimental tests have proven that, in traps with wide field free regions, the energy distribution of the ions can be narrow down by using cold buffer gas (few K or lower). In quadrupole for example, ions can be heated to rather high energies. An interesting aspect of collisional relaxation of stored ions is to use a cloud of laser cooled atoms (sympathetic cooling) as buffer gas. This effect becomes especially efficient if the atom cloud is localized in the central part of the -pole, i.e. in the near field free region.
24 Typical operation parameters m = 1-100u η = 0,16 8 pole: n = 4; r 0 =3 mm; V 0 = 105 V; f 7,8 MHz Electrode dia. ~10 mm pole: n = 11; r 0 = 5 mm; Vo = 50 V; f 16 MHz Electrode dia. ~1 mm
25 Real -Pole Trap
26 Example of possible experimental setup for ion trapping and cooling in the trap
27
28 Effect of the buffer gas on the signal intensity
29 Spectroscopic studies of cold rare species trapped in pole trap e.g., Jochnowitz & Maier, Mol. Phys.(008), 106, 093
30 Future trends Sub-K cooling Quantum effects Super hot conditions 1000 K Chemical reactions Coupling with ESI (electro-spray ionization source); biorelated applications (Rizzo group, Lausanne) Spectroscopy and reaction dynamics of large intermediates in chemical reactions
Mass Analyzers. Principles of the three most common types magnetic sector, quadrupole and time of flight - will be discussed herein.
Mass Analyzers After the production of ions in ion sources, the next critical step in mass spectrometry is to separate these gas phase ions according to their mass-to-charge ratio (m/z). Ions are extracted
More informationFundamentals of Mass Spectrometry. Fundamentals of Mass Spectrometry. Learning Objective. Proteomics
Mass spectrometry (MS) is the technique for protein identification and analysis by production of charged molecular species in vacuum, and their separation by magnetic and electric fields based on mass
More informationPhysics of and in Ion Traps
Physics of and in Ion Traps Proposed Topics: TRIUMF, Vancouver June 01 Basics of Paul- and Penning-traps (equ. of motion, trap geometries, influence of trap imperfections,) Ion detection and cooling (Buffer
More information(Refer Slide Time 00:09) (Refer Slide Time 00:13)
(Refer Slide Time 00:09) Mass Spectrometry Based Proteomics Professor Sanjeeva Srivastava Department of Biosciences and Bioengineering Indian Institute of Technology, Bombay Mod 02 Lecture Number 09 (Refer
More informationMASS ANALYSER. Mass analysers - separate the ions according to their mass-to-charge ratio. sample. Vacuum pumps
ION ANALYZERS MASS ANALYSER sample Vacuum pumps Mass analysers - separate the ions according to their mass-to-charge ratio MASS ANALYSER Separate the ions according to their mass-to-charge ratio in space
More informationThis is the total charge on an ion divided by the elementary charge (e).
12.2 Fundamentals and general terms Accelerator mass spectrometry An ultra-sensitive technique using tandem accelerators employed mainly for the study of long-lived radioisotopes, and stable isotopes at
More informationMass Spectrometry in MCAL
Mass Spectrometry in MCAL Two systems: GC-MS, LC-MS GC seperates small, volatile, non-polar material MS is detection devise (Agilent 320-MS TQ Mass Spectrometer) Full scan monitoring SIM single ion monitoring
More informationLecture 8: Mass Spectrometry
intensity Lecture 8: Mass Spectrometry Relative abundance m/z 1 Ethylbenzene CH 2 CH 3 + m/z = 106 CH 2 + m/z = 91 C 8 H 10 MW = 106 CH + m/z = 77 + 2 2 What information can be obtained from a MS spectrum?
More informationDesign considerations for linear Paul trap mass spectrometer under development
Design considerations for linear Paul trap mass spectrometer under development S.Sevugarajan and A.G.Menon Department of Instrumentation, Indian Institute of Science, Bangalore 561, India. Abstract This
More informationLecture 8: Mass Spectrometry
intensity Lecture 8: Mass Spectrometry Relative abundance m/z 1 Ethylbenzene experiment CH 2 CH 3 + m/z = 106 CH 2 + m/z = 91 C 8 H 10 MW = 106 CH + m/z = 77 + 2 2 What information can we get from MS spectrum?
More informationTypes of Analyzers: Quadrupole: mass filter -part1
16 Types of Analyzers: Sector or double focusing: magnetic and electric Time-of-flight (TOF) Quadrupole (mass filter) Linear ion trap Quadrupole Ion Trap (3D trap) FTICR fourier transform ion cyclotron
More informationIon traps. Quadrupole (3D) traps. Linear traps
Ion traps Quadrupole (3D) traps Linear traps 3D-Ion traps A 3D-ion trap can be considered the tridimensional analogue of the linear quadrupole mass analyzer: B A C D The central ring electrode of the 3D-ion
More informationCEE 772 Lecture #27 12/10/2014. CEE 772: Instrumental Methods in Environmental Analysis
Updated: 10 December 2014 Print version CEE 772: Instrumental Methods in Environmental Analysis Lecture #21 Mass Spectrometry: Mass Filters & Spectrometers (Skoog, Chapt. 20, pp.511 524) (Harris, Chapt.
More informationCEE 772: Instrumental Methods in Environmental Analysis
Updated: 10 December 2014 Print version CEE 772: Instrumental Methods in Environmental Analysis Lecture #21 Mass Spectrometry: Mass Filters & Spectrometers (Skoog, Chapt. 20, pp.511-524) (Harris, Chapt.
More informationIntroduction to the Q Trap LC/MS/MS System
www.ietltd.com Proudly serving laboratories worldwide since 1979 CALL +1.847.913.0777 for Refurbished & Certified Lab Equipment ABI Q Trap LC/MS/MS Introduction to the Q Trap LC/MS/MS System The Q Trap
More informationTANDEM MASS SPECTROSCOPY
TANDEM MASS SPECTROSCOPY 1 MASS SPECTROMETER TYPES OF MASS SPECTROMETER PRINCIPLE TANDEM MASS SPECTROMETER INSTRUMENTATION QUADRAPOLE MASS ANALYZER TRIPLE QUADRAPOLE MASS ANALYZER TIME OF FLIGHT MASS ANALYSER
More informationMass Spectrometry. What is Mass Spectrometry?
Mass Spectrometry What is Mass Spectrometry? Mass Spectrometry (MS): The generation of gaseous ions from a sample, separation of these ions by mass-to-charge ratio, and measurement of relative abundance
More informationQuadrupole Storage Mass Spectrometry
Quadrupole Storage Mass Spectrometry RAYMOND E. MARCH AND RICHARD J. HUGHES Trent University Peterborough, Ontario, Canada with a historical review by John F. J. Tbdd University of Kent Canterbury, Kent,
More informationMass Spectrometry and Proteomics - Lecture 2 - Matthias Trost Newcastle University
Mass Spectrometry and Proteomics - Lecture 2 - Matthias Trost Newcastle University matthias.trost@ncl.ac.uk Previously: Resolution and other basics MALDI Electrospray 40 Lecture 2 Mass analysers Detectors
More informationThree dimensional Paul traps may benefit from. Linear Quadrupoles with Added Hexapole Fields
Linear Quadrupoles with Added Hexapole Fields Nikolai Konenkov Department of General Physics, Ryazan State Pedagogical University, Ryazan, Russia Frank Londry Pan Galactic Scientific, Omemee, Ontario,
More informationLECTURE-11. Hybrid MS Configurations HANDOUT. As discussed in our previous lecture, mass spectrometry is by far the most versatile
LECTURE-11 Hybrid MS Configurations HANDOUT PREAMBLE As discussed in our previous lecture, mass spectrometry is by far the most versatile technique used in proteomics. We had also discussed some of the
More informationMeasurement of storage time, estimation of ion number and study of absorption line profile in a Paul trap
PRAMANA c Indian Academy of Sciences Vol. 67, No. 6 journal of December 2006 physics pp. 1087 1097 Measurement of storage time, estimation of ion number and study of absorption line profile in a Paul trap
More informationMass Selective Ejection by Axial Resonant Excitation from a Linear Ion Trap
Mass Selective Ejection by Axial Resonant Excitation from a Linear Ion Trap Yuichiro Hashimoto, Hideki Hasegawa, Takashi Baba, and Izumi Waki Central Research Laboratory, Hitachi, Ld., Tokyo, Japan We
More informationLIQUID CHROMATOGRAPHY-MASS SPECTROMETRY (LC/MS) Presented by: Dr. T. Nageswara Rao M.Pharm PhD KTPC
LIQUID CHROMATOGRAPHY-MASS SPECTROMETRY (LC/MS) Presented by: Dr. T. Nageswara Rao M.Pharm PhD KTPC INTRODUCTION Principle: LC/MS is a technique that combines physical separation capabilities of liquid
More informationMass Analyzers. mass measurement accuracy/reproducibility. % of ions allowed through the analyzer. Highest m/z that can be analyzed
Mass Analyzers Double Focusing Magnetic Sector Quadrupole Mass Filter Quadrupole Ion Trap Linear Time-of-Flight (TOF) Reflectron TOF Fourier Transform Ion Cyclotron Resonance (FT-ICR-MS) Mass Analyzers
More informationMass Analyzers. Ion Trap, FTICR, Orbitrap. CU- Boulder CHEM 5181: Mass Spectrometry & Chromatography. Prof. Jose-Luis Jimenez
Mass Analyzers Ion Trap, FTICR, Orbitrap CU- Boulder CHEM 5181: Mass Spectrometry & Chromatography Prof. Jose-Luis Jimenez Last Update: Oct. 014 Some slides from Dr. Joel Kimmel (007) MS Interpretation
More informationAnalytical Technologies in Biotechnology Prof. Dr. Ashwani K. Sharma Department of Biotechnology Indian Institute of Technology, Roorkee
Analytical Technologies in Biotechnology Prof. Dr. Ashwani K. Sharma Department of Biotechnology Indian Institute of Technology, Roorkee Module - 6 Spectroscopic Techniques Lecture - 6 Atomic Spectroscopy
More informationInstrumental Analysis. Mass Spectrometry. Lecturer:! Somsak Sirichai
303351 Instrumental Analysis Mass Spectrometry Lecturer:! Somsak Sirichai Mass Spectrometry What is Mass spectrometry (MS)? An analytic method that employs ionization and mass analysis of compounds in
More informationLC-MS Based Metabolomics
LC-MS Based Metabolomics Analysing the METABOLOME 1. Metabolite Extraction 2. Metabolite detection (with or without separation) 3. Data analysis Metabolite Detection GC-MS: Naturally volatile or made volatile
More informationThe development of algebraic methods to compute
Ion Energy in Quadrupole Mass Spectrometry Vladimir Baranov MDS SCIEX, Concord, Ontario, Canada Application of an analytical solution of the Mathieu equation in conjunction with algebraic presentation
More informationChemistry Instrumental Analysis Lecture 37. Chem 4631
Chemistry 4631 Instrumental Analysis Lecture 37 Most analytes separated by HPLC are thermally stable and non-volatile (liquids) (unlike in GC) so not ionized easily by EI or CI techniques. MS must be at
More informationChemistry Instrumental Analysis Lecture 34. Chem 4631
Chemistry 4631 Instrumental Analysis Lecture 34 From molecular to elemental analysis there are three major techniques used for elemental analysis: Optical spectrometry Mass spectrometry X-ray spectrometry
More informationIntroduction to LC-MS
Wednesday April 5, 2017 10am Introduction to LC-MS Amy Patton, MS Laboratory Manager, Pinpoint Testing, LLC Little Rock, AR DESCRIPTION: Amy Patton, laboratory manager for Pinpoint Testing, will begin
More informationChemistry Instrumental Analysis Lecture 35. Chem 4631
Chemistry 4631 Instrumental Analysis Lecture 35 Principle components: Inlet Ion source Mass analyzer Ion transducer Pumps Signal processor Mass analyzers Quadrupole Time of Flight Double Focusing Ion
More informationTechnical Note # TN-24 Extending the Capacity in Modern Spherical High Capacity Ion Traps (HCT)
Bruker Daltonics Technical Note # TN-24 Extending the Capacity in Modern Spherical High Capacity Ion Traps (HCT) During the last decade, RF ion traps have become a workhorse of the analytical laboratory
More informationTranslational Biomarker Core
Translational Biomarker Core Instrumentation Thermo Scientific TSQ Quantum Triple Quadrupole Mass Spectrometers. There are two TSQ Quantum Ultra AM instruments available in the TBC. The TSQ Quantum Ultra
More information1 -, 2 -, and 3 D - ion structures in traps of different geometry
1 -, 2 -, and 3 D - ion structures in traps of different geometry Martina Knoop CNRS/Université de Provence 20 septembre 2010 M Knoop (CNRS/Université de Provence) 1 -, 2 -, and 3 D - ion structures 20
More informationPractical Quadrupole Theory: Peak Shapes at Various Ion Energies
Practical Quadrupole Theory: Peak Shapes at Various Ion Energies Randall E. Pedder ABB Inc., Analytical-QMS Extrel Quadrupole Mass Spectrometry, 575 Epsilon Drive, Pittsburgh, PA 15238 (Poster presented
More informationGRADUATE COURSE IN MASS SPECTROMETRY: LECTURE 2
DEPARTMENTS OF CHEMISTRY AND BIOCHEMISTRY GRADUATE COURSE IN MASS SPECTROMETRY: LECTURE 2 Mass Analysers Shabaz Mohammed October 20, 2015 High Vacuum System Turbo pumps Diffusion pumps Rough pumps Rotary
More information1. The range of frequencies that a measurement is sensitive to is called the frequency
CHEM 3 Name Exam 1 Fall 014 Complete these problems on separate paper and staple it to this sheet when you are finished. Please initial each sheet as well. Clearly mark your answers. YOU MUST SHOW YOUR
More informationDynamics of Ions in an Electrostatic Ion Beam Trap
Dynamics of Ions in an Electrostatic Ion Beam Trap Daniel Zajfman Dept. of Particle Physics Weizmann Institute of Science Israel and Max-Planck Institute for Nuclear Physics Heidelberg, Germany Charles
More informationSpace Charge Effects in Linear. Quadrupole Ion Traps
Space Charge Effects in Linear Quadrupole Ion Traps by Cong Gao B.Sc., Peking University, 2010 A THESIS SUBMITTED IN PARTIAL FULFILLMENT OF THE REQUIREMENTS FOR THE DEGREE OF DOCTOR OF PHILOSOPHY in The
More informationAnalysis of Polar Metabolites using Mass Spectrometry
Analysis of Polar Metabolites using Mass Spectrometry TransMed Course: Basics in Clinical Proteomics and Metabolomics. Oct 10-19, 2012 dd.mm.yyyy Vidya Velagapudi, Ph.D, Adjunct Professor Head of the Metabolomics
More informationFourier Transform Ion Cyclotron Resonance Mass Spectrometry (FT-ICR-MS)
Fourier Transform Ion Cyclotron Resonance Mass Spectrometry (FT-ICR-MS) The first steps along the way to FT- ICR-MS date back to the 1930s, when Ernest Lawrence, at the University of California - Berkeley,
More informationMS Goals and Applications. MS Goals and Applications
MS Goals and Applications 3 Several variations on a theme, three common steps Form gas-phase ions choice of ionization method depends on sample identity and information required Separate ions on basis
More informationSimulation of External Ion Injection, Cooling and Extraction Processes with SIMION 6.0 for the Ion Trap/Reflectron Time-of-flight Mass Spectrometer
RAPID COMMUNICATIONS IN MASS SPECTROMETRY, VOL. 11, 1467 1477 (1997) Simulation of External Ion Injection, Cooling and Extraction Processes with SIMION 6.0 for the Ion Trap/Reflectron Time-of-flight Mass
More informationFOCUS: QUADRUPOLE ION TRAPS ACCOUNT AND PERSPECTIVE
Matrix Methods for the Calculation of Stability Diagrams in Quadrupole Mass Spectrometry FOCUS: QUADRUPOLE ION TRAPS ACCOUNT AND PERSPECTIVE N. V. Konenkov and M. Sudakov* Department of General Physics,
More informationThe Aerosol Ion Trap Mass Spectrometer (AIMS): Instrument development and first experimental results
The Aerosol Ion Trap Mass Spectrometer (AIMS): Instrument development and first experimental results A. Kürten 1, J. Curtius 1 and S. Borrmann 1,2 1 Johannes Gutenberg-University Mainz, Germany 2 Max Planck
More informationQuattro Micro - How does it work?
Quattro Micro - How does it work? 1 Introduction This document is designed to familiarise you with the principles behind how the Quattro Micro works. The level of this document is designed as Level One
More information9 Atomic Coherence in Three-Level Atoms
9 Atomic Coherence in Three-Level Atoms 9.1 Coherent trapping - dark states In multi-level systems coherent superpositions between different states (atomic coherence) may lead to dramatic changes of light
More informationAll of us engaged in science face exciting opportunities
Ion Trap Mass Spectrometry: A Personal Perspective FOCUS: QUADRUPOLE ION TRAPS ACCOUNT AND PERSPECTIVE George Stafford, Jr. LC and LC/MS Division, Thermo Finnigan, San Jose, California, USA This paper
More informationTendenze nell innovazione della strumentazione in spettrometria di massa:
Tendenze nell innovazione della strumentazione in spettrometria di massa: Trappola lineare, orbitrap, ion mobility e nuova strumentazione René Magritte La Condition Humaine 1 Ion Trap Mass Spectrometry
More informationTemperature-Programmed Desorption
Temperature-Programmed Desorption Alternative terms: TPD - Temperature Programmed Desorption TDS - Thermal Desorption Spectroscopy TPRS - Temperature Programmed Reaction Spectroscopy TPR/D - Temperature
More informationNEW ION TRAP FOR FREQUENCY STANDARD APPLICATIONS*
NEW ION TRAP FOR FREQUENCY STANDARD APPLICATIONS* J. D. Prestage, G. J. Dick, and L. Maleki California Institute of Technology Jet Propulsion Laboratory 4800 Oak Grove Drive Pasadena, California 91109
More informationCooperative Phenomena
Cooperative Phenomena Frankfurt am Main Kaiserslautern Mainz B1, B2, B4, B6, B13N A7, A9, A12 A10, B5, B8 Materials Design - Synthesis & Modelling A3, A8, B1, B2, B4, B6, B9, B11, B13N A5, A7, A9, A12,
More informationIon traps. Trapping of charged particles in electromagnetic. Laser cooling, sympathetic cooling, optical clocks
Ion traps Trapping of charged particles in electromagnetic fields Dynamics of trapped ions Applications to nuclear physics and QED The Paul trap Laser cooling, sympathetic cooling, optical clocks Coulomb
More informationLongitudinal dynamics Yannis PAPAPHILIPPOU CERN
Longitudinal dynamics Yannis PAPAPHILIPPOU CERN United States Particle Accelerator School, University of California - Santa-Cruz, Santa Rosa, CA 14 th 18 th January 2008 1 Outline Methods of acceleration
More informationMS/MS .LQGVRI0606([SHULPHQWV
0DVV6SHFWURPHWHUV Tandem Mass Spectrometry (MS/MS) :KDWLV0606" Mass spectrometers are commonly combined with separation devices such as gas chromatographs (GC) and liquid chromatographs (LC). The GC or
More informationHarris: Quantitative Chemical Analysis, Eight Edition
Harris: Quantitative Chemical Analysis, Eight Edition CHAPTER 21: MASS SPECTROMETRY CHAPTER 21: Opener 21.0 Mass Spectrometry Mass Spectrometry provides information about 1) The elemental composition of
More informationPenning Traps. Contents. Plasma Physics Penning Traps AJW August 16, Introduction. Clasical picture. Radiation Damping.
Penning Traps Contents Introduction Clasical picture Radiation Damping Number density B and E fields used to increase time that an electron remains within a discharge: Penning, 936. Can now trap a particle
More informationfor the Novice Mass Spectrometry (^>, John Greaves and John Roboz yc**' CRC Press J Taylor & Francis Group Boca Raton London New York
Mass Spectrometry for the Novice John Greaves and John Roboz (^>, yc**' CRC Press J Taylor & Francis Group Boca Raton London New York CRC Press is an imprint of the Taylor & Francis Croup, an informa business
More informationChapter 3. The Study of Cold Collisions Using Ion Guides and Traps
Chapter 3 The Study of Cold Collisions Using Ion Guides and Traps D. Gerlich Faculty of Natural Science Technical University, 09107 Chemnitz, Germany gerlich@physik.tu-chemnitz.de Contents 3.1 Introduction..................................
More informationMS Goals and Applications. MS Goals and Applications
MS Goals and Applications 1 Several variations on a theme, three common steps Form gas-phase ions choice of ionization method depends on sample identity and information required Separate ions on basis
More informationMass Spectrometry. A truly interdisciplinary and versatile analytical method
Mass Spectrometry A truly interdisciplinary and versatile analytical method MS is used for the characterization of molecules ranging from small inorganic and organic molecules to polymers and proteins.
More informationBose-Bose mixtures in confined dimensions
Bose-Bose mixtures in confined dimensions Francesco Minardi Istituto Nazionale di Ottica-CNR European Laboratory for Nonlinear Spectroscopy 22nd International Conference on Atomic Physics Cairns, July
More informationReminders: Show your work! As appropriate, include references on your submitted version. Write legibly!
Phys 782 - Computer Simulation of Plasmas Homework # 4 (Project #1) Due Wednesday, October 22, 2014 Reminders: Show your work! As appropriate, include references on your submitted version. Write legibly!
More informationObserving a single hydrogen-like ion in a Penning trap at T = 4K
Hyperfine Interactions 115 (1998) 185 192 185 Observing a single hydrogen-like ion in a Penning trap at T = 4K M. Diederich a,h.häffner a, N. Hermanspahn a,m.immel a,h.j.kluge b,r.ley a, R. Mann b,w.quint
More informationPrinciples of Quadrupole and Ion Trap Mass Analyzers
Principles of Quadrupole and Ion Trap Mass Analyzers 2-1 Rev20040526 Bioanalytical LC-MS 2-1 The Mass Peak in the Quadrupole Mass Spectrum 2-2 A common phrase in texts on MS says, Examine the peaks in
More informationAtomic masses. Atomic masses of elements. Atomic masses of isotopes. Nominal and exact atomic masses. Example: CO, N 2 ja C 2 H 4
High-Resolution Mass spectrometry (HR-MS, HRAM-MS) (FT mass spectrometry) MS that enables identifying elemental compositions (empirical formulas) from accurate m/z data 9.05.2017 1 Atomic masses (atomic
More informationarxiv:quant-ph/ v2 22 Nov 2005
High fidelity simulations of ion trajectories in miniature ion traps using the boundary-element method Boris Brkić, Stephen Taylor, Jason F. Ralph, and Neil France Department of Electrical Engineering
More informationTraps for Rare Isotopes
Traps for Rare Isotopes Georg Bollen National Superconducting Cyclotron Laboratory and Department for Physics and Astronomy, Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI, 48824, USA bollen@nscl.msu.edu
More informationChapter 14. Molar Mass Distribution.
Chapter 14. Molar Mass Distribution. Difficulty with M n and M w, etc. osome polymers are hard to describe from just M n, M w, etc. o Examples: Bimodal, multimodal, nonuniform, broad, etc. MWDs. oin early
More informationMeasuring Masses of Single Bacterial Whole Cells with a Quadrupole Ion Trap
Measuring Masses of Single Bacterial Whole Cells with a Quadrupole Ion Trap Abstract A novel method is developed to measure precisely the masses of single bacterial whole cells using a quadrupole ion trap
More informationCHROMATOGRAPHY AND MASS SPECTROMETER
22 CHROMATOGRAPHY AND MASS SPECTROMETER 22.1 INTRODUCTION We know that the biochemistry or biological chemistry deals with the study of molecules present in organisms. These molecules are called as biomolecules
More informationApplication Note GA-301E. MBMS for Preformed Ions. Extrel CMS, 575 Epsilon Drive, Pittsburgh, PA I. SAMPLING A CHEMICAL SOUP
Application Note MBMS for Preformed Ions, 575 Epsilon Drive, Pittsburgh, PA 15238 (Poster Presented at 45th ASMS Conference on Mass Spectrometry, June 1-5, 1997) In order to accurately characterize a plasma
More informationWeek 5: Fourier Tranform-based Mass Analyzers: FT-ICR and Orbitrap
Week 5: Fourier Tranform-based Mass Analyzers: FT-ICR and Orbitrap 1 Last Time Mass Analyzers; CAD and TOF mass analyzers: 2 Fourier Transforms A transform is when you change your analytical space without
More informationMass spectrometry of proteins, peptides and other analytes: principles and principal methods. Matt Renfrow January 11, 2008
Mass spectrometry of proteins, peptides and other analytes: principles and principal methods Matt Renfrow January 11, 2008 Objectives of the Lecture 1. Make ions 2. Separate/Analyze/Detect ions 3. What
More informationAccurate, High-Throughput Protein Identification Using the Q TRAP LC/MS/MS System and Pro ID Software
www.ietltd.com Proudly serving laboratories worldwide since 1979 CALL +1.847.913.0777 for Refurbished & Certified Lab Equipment ABI Q Trap Pro LC/MS/MS Accurate, High-Throughput Protein Identification
More informationElectrospray ionization (ESI) has enabled the study
Ion Funnels for the Masses: Experiments and Simulations with a Simplified Ion Funnel Ryan R. Julian, Sarah R. Mabbett, and Martin F. Jarrold Department of Chemistry, Indiana University, Bloomington, Indiana,
More information4. How can fragmentation be useful in identifying compounds? Permits identification of branching not observed in soft ionization.
Homework 9: Chapters 20-21 Assigned 12 April; Due 17 April 2006; Quiz on 19 April 2006 Chap. 20 (Molecular Mass Spectroscopy) Chap. 21 (Surface Analysis) 1. What are the types of ion sources in molecular
More informationIntroduction to GC/MS
Why Mass Spectrometry? Introduction to GC/MS A powerful analytical technique used to: 1.Identify unknown compounds 2. Quantify known materials down to trace levels 3. Elucidate the structure of molecules
More informationMoment of inertia. Contents. 1 Introduction and simple cases. January 15, Introduction. 1.2 Examples
Moment of inertia January 15, 016 A systematic account is given of the concept and the properties of the moment of inertia. Contents 1 Introduction and simple cases 1 1.1 Introduction.............. 1 1.
More informationPart II. Interaction with Single Atoms. Multiphoton Ionization Tunneling Ionization Ionization- Induced Defocusing High Harmonic Generation in Gases
- Part II 27 / 115 - 2-28 / 115 Bohr model recap. At the Bohr radius - a B = the electric field strength is: 2 me 2 = 5.3 10 9 cm, E a = e ab 2 (cgs) 5.1 10 9 Vm 1. This leads to the atomic intensity:
More informationMass Spectrometry. Hyphenated Techniques GC-MS LC-MS and MS-MS
Mass Spectrometry Hyphenated Techniques GC-MS LC-MS and MS-MS Reasons for Using Chromatography with MS Mixture analysis by MS alone is difficult Fragmentation from ionization (EI or CI) Fragments from
More informationLongitudinal Beam Dynamics
Longitudinal Beam Dynamics Shahin Sanaye Hajari School of Particles and Accelerators, Institute For Research in Fundamental Science (IPM), Tehran, Iran IPM Linac workshop, Bahman 28-30, 1396 Contents 1.
More informationChapter 5. Complexation of Tholins by 18-crown-6:
5-1 Chapter 5. Complexation of Tholins by 18-crown-6: Identification of Primary Amines 5.1. Introduction Electrospray ionization (ESI) is an excellent technique for the ionization of complex mixtures,
More informationFirst described by W. Paul and H. Steinwedel in
Effect of an Axial Magnetic Field on the Performance of a Quadrupole Mass Spectrometer Sarfaraz U. Syed, Jeyan Sreekumar, Boris Brkic, John R. Gibson, and Stephen Taylor Department of Electrical Engineering
More informationDESIR. P.G. Thirolf Department f. Physik, LMU München. simultaneous relative measurement of individual ions in two precision traps
MLLTRAP @ DESIR P.G. Thirolf Department f. Physik, LMU München concept of MLLTRAP: measurement with Penning trap of highly-charged ions simultaneous relative measurement of individual ions in two precision
More informationHIGH-EFFICIENCY TRAPPING BY AMPLITUDE MODULATION OF R.F. VOLTAGE
134 Session III Conclusion in some accelerators. In fact, the entire 10 14 particles can be stacked in the FFAG and brought Further study of the specific accelerator (the ZGS in the example chosen) is
More informationMASS SPECTROMETRY. Topics
MASS SPECTROMETRY MALDI-TOF AND ESI-MS Topics Principle of Mass Spectrometry MALDI-TOF Determination of Mw of Proteins Structural Information by MS: Primary Sequence of a Protein 1 A. Principles Ionization:
More informationChemistry 311: Topic 3 - Mass Spectrometry
Mass Spectroscopy: A technique used to measure the mass-to-charge ratio of molecules and atoms. Often characteristic ions produced by an induced unimolecular dissociation of a molecule are measured. These
More informationMass Spectroscopy. Base peak. Molecular Ion peak. The positively charged fragments produced are separated, based on their mass/charge (m/z) ratio. M+.
Mass spectrometry is the study of systems causing the formation of gaseous ions, with or without fragmentation, which are then characteried by their mass to charge ratios (m/) and relative abundances.
More informationMass spectrometry.
Mass spectrometry Mass spectrometry provides qualitative and quantitative information about the atomic and molecular composition of inorganic and organic materials. The mass spectrometer produces charged
More informationProgress with the. MPIK / UW - PTMS in Heidelberg. Max Planck Institute for Nuclear Physics / University of Washington Penning Trap Mass Spectrometer
Progress with the MPIK / UW - PTMS in Heidelberg Max Planck Institute for Nuclear Physics / University of Washington Penning Trap Mass Spectrometer TCP 010, Saariselkä, April 1, 010 David Pinegar, MPI-K
More informationPhysikalische Chemie IV (Magnetische Resonanz) HS Solution Set 2. Hand out: Hand in:
Solution Set Hand out:.. Hand in:.. Repetition. The magnetization moves adiabatically during the application of an r.f. pulse if it is always aligned along the effective field axis. This behaviour is observed
More informationInstrumental Analysis
Chem 454 Name: Instrumental Analysis Exam I February 5, 1999 80 possible points 1] 5 points Which of the following samples would be suitable for analysis by a calibration curve technique using a potentiometric
More informationLinear and Nonlinear Oscillators (Lecture 2)
Linear and Nonlinear Oscillators (Lecture 2) January 25, 2016 7/441 Lecture outline A simple model of a linear oscillator lies in the foundation of many physical phenomena in accelerator dynamics. A typical
More informationMass Spectrometry. Fundamental LC-MS. Mass Analysers
Mass Spectrometry Fundamental LC-MS Mass Analysers i Wherever you see this symbol, it is important to access the on-line course as there is interactive material that cannot be fully shown in this reference
More informationVIII. QUADRUPOLE ION TRAPS: AN ION TRAPPING INST. A. BASIC DESIGN (REF: JMS, 1997, 32, 351)
VIII. QUADRUPOLE ION TRAPS: AN ION TRAPPING INST. A. BASIC DESIGN (REF: JMS, 1997, 32, 351) The trap consists of a ring electrode (internal radius is r 0 ) and two end caps separated by z 0.; all internal
More informationTemperature-Programmed Desorption. C-874 University of Delaware
Temperature-Programmed Desorption C-874 University of Delaware Temperature-Programmed Desorption Alternative terms: TPD - Temperature Programmed Desorption TDS - Thermal Desorption Spectroscopy TPRS -
More information