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1 READ THIS PAGE COMPLETELY BEFORE STARTING Exam Submission: Step 1: You are to enter your results for Problems 1-10 in e-campus (Dr. SEIDEL will provide instructions). Step 2: You are to submit a scanned (.pdf) version of your exam on e-campus (Dr. SEIDEL will provide instructions). P663_15B_Exam_(ARP)_YOURLASTNAME.pdf (Use exactly this filename convention) Exam Requirements: You are strictly forbidden to collaborate by any means collaboration/cheating = F course grade. You have 3 (three) hours to complete the exam. The exam is open book/open notes. Rules: (no exceptions) (NOW!) Print the examination on a high resolution printer. (NOW!) Sign the Honor Code Statement. (NOW!) Write your name and sign your signature on every page in the template provided. You must HAND WRITE your work on your printed copy of the exam no electronic/typing permitted. You must ONLY WRITE ON THE FRONT OF ANY GIVEN PAGE! You must document all calculations in your writing, no computer output permitted (e.g., MS Excel, etc.). Erase any changes/edits completely NO SCRATCH-OUTS! All work must be on the exam pages NO INSERT OR EXTRA PAGES ARE ALLOWED! Work Layout: (use this layout!) NEATNESS: You will be graded on the neatness of your work. LABELS: All work, trends, and features on every plot MUST be appropriately labeled no exceptions. Work: All work must be fully labeled and documented equations, relations, calculations, etc. Trends: This includes the slope, intercept, and the information used to construct a given trend. Features: Any description of features/points of interest on a given trend (times, pressures, etc.). LINES: Use appropriate drafting care in construction of lines, trends, arrows, etc. SKETCHING: Take great care in any sketches you create/use in your work. Exam Problems: (10 pts) 1. Wellbore storage coefficient, C s (use fluid properties at p i ) = RB/psi (10 pts) 2. Radial Flow Skin Factor for a Fractured Well, s (Cinco correlation) = (dimensionless) (10 pts) 3. Absolute-Open-Flow, AOF (i.e., q at p wf = 14.7 psia) = MSCF/D (10 pts) 4. Estimation of Permeability Using Semilog Analysis = md (10 pts) 5. Estimation of Average Reservoir Pressure using the Arps-Smith Plot = psia (10 pts) 6. Estimation of Skin Factor for a Deepwater Reservoir = (dimensionless) (10 pts) 7. Transient Flow Performance in a Gas Well coefficient. = (dimensionless) (10 pts) 8. Fracture half-length (x f ) from linear flow data = ft (10 pts) 9. Gas-In-Place for an Abnormally Pressured Gas Reservoir = BSCF (10 pts) 10. Estimation of the z-factor for a Dry Gas Case. = (dimensionless) (100 pts) Total Last Words: Give me your very best effort. Scholastic dishonesty don't even think about it! Aggie Code of Honor: An Aggie does not lie, cheat, or steal or tolerate those who do. Required Academic Integrity Statement: (Texas A&M University Policy on Academic Integrity) "On my honor, as an Aggie, I have neither given nor received unauthorized aid on this academic work." (your printed name) (your signature)

2 Signature: (Page 2 of 11) (10 pts) Problem 1: Cartesian Analysis Early-Time Pressure Buildup Test Analysis (Wellbore Storage Domination) Data: The relevant reservoir, fluid, and production properties are: Reservoir properties: = 0.04 (fraction) r w = 0.25 ft h = 50 ft k = md S wi = 0.25 (fraction) x f = 200 ft Gas properties: ( g = 0.6 (air=1); T Res = 350 Deg F) p i = 17,555 psia z i = 1.84 gi = cp B gi = RB/MSCF c ti = x10-5 psia -1 p wf (t=0) = 13,620 psia z SI = 1.59 gsi = cp B gsi = RB/MSCF c tsi = x10-5 psia -1 Production properties: q g = 1200 MSCF/Dlast rate prior to shut in) You are to estimate the wellbore storage coefficient (C s ) using the pressure transient data provided below. qg Bgi pws pwf ( t 0) t pwf ( t 0) mwbst 24Cs qg Bgi Cs 24mwbs (10 pts) 1. Wellbore storage coefficient, C s (use fluid properties at p i ) = RB/psi

3 Signature: (Page 3 of 11) (10 pts) Problem 2: Radial Flow Skin Factor for a Fractured Well (Cinco Correlation) Objective: You are to calculate the equivalent radial flow skin factor for a vertically-fractured well with a finite-conductivity vertical fracture using the Cinco correlation plot provided below. The relevant well and fracture properties are: r w = 0.35 ft x f = 120 ft C fd (or F cd ) = 1 (dimensionless) r s w e x f f ( CfD ) (see plot) (10 pts) 2. Radial Flow Skin Factor for a Fractured Well, s (Cinco correlation) = (dimensionless)

4 Signature: (Page 4 of 11) (10 pts) Problem 3: Absolute Open Flow (AOF) for a Gas Well You are to calculate Absolute-Open-Flow (AOF) (i.e., q at p wf = 14.7 psia) for the gas well deliverability data given below. q C p p n g ( 2 2 wf ) (for gas) ( 2 2 wf Test (psia) (MSCFD) (psia 2 ) pwf qg p p ) AOF 14.7? (10 pts) 3. Absolute-Open-Flow, AOF (i.e., q at p wf = 14.7 psia) = MSCF/D

5 Signature: (Page 5 of 11) (10 pts) Problem 4: Estimation of Permeability Using Semilog Analysis Data: The relevant reservoir, fluid, and production properties are: Reservoir properties: = 0.15 (fraction) r w = 0.35 ft h = 25 ft p i = 5000 psia Oil properties: B o = 1.25 RB/STB o = 1 cp c t = 1.5x10-5 psia -1 Production properties: q o = 100 STBO/D (constant) You are to estimate the formation permeability (k) using the pressure buildup data shown on the semilog plot below. qb m sl (IARF) kh (10 pts) 4. Estimation of Permeability Using Semilog Analysis = md

6 Signature: (Page 6 of 11) (10 pts) Problem 5: Estimation of Average Reservoir Pressure for a High Permeability Reservoir Data: The relevant reservoir, fluid, and production properties are: Reservoir properties: = 0.30 (fraction) r w = 0.4 ft h = 100 ft p i = 9500 psia k = 1350 md Oil properties: B o = 1.5 RB/STB o = 0.75 cp c t = 3.5x10-5 psia -1 Production properties: q o = 4000 STBO/D (constant) You are to estimate the average reservoir pressure using the Arps-Smith plot below. p ws p a exp( bt) 1 d p ws p b dt p ws (10 pts) 5. Estimation of Average Reservoir Pressure using the Arps-Smith Plot = psia

7 Signature: (Page 7 of 11) (10 pts) Problem 6: Estimation of Skin Factor for a Deepwater Reservoir Data: The relevant reservoir, fluid, and production properties are: Reservoir properties: = 0.25 (fraction) r w = 0.5 ft h = 300 ft p i = 14,000 psia k = 575 md (from prior knowledge) Oil properties: B o = 1.2 RB/STB o = 3 cp c t = 7x10-6 psia -1 Production properties: q o = 1650 STBO/D (constant) p wf (t=0) = psia (from other analyses) You are to estimate the skin factor using the semilog pressure plot below. ( p ws,1hr p wf ( t 0)) k s pr log (IARF) qb c t r w kh (10 pts) 6. Estimation of Skin Factor for a Deepwater Reservoir = (dimensionless)

8 Signature: (Page 8 of 11) (10 pts) Problem 7: Transient Flow Performance in a Gas Well coefficient. You are to estimate the slope coefficient () for the specified transient gas flow relation using the plot given below. You should focus on the straight-line portion of the data q g t (power-law rate relation for gas flow) (10 pts) 7. Transient Flow Performance in a Gas Well coefficient. = (dimensionless)

9 Signature: (Page 9 of 11) (10 pts) Problem 8: Linear Flow Analysis Multi-Fracture Horizontal Well (MFHW) (oil) Data: The relevant reservoir, fluid, and production properties are: Reservoir properties: = 0.05 (fraction) r w = 0.25 ft h = 150 ft k = 3x10-5 md p i = 5000 psia Oil properties: B o = 1.5 RB/STB o = 0.5 cp c t = 2.5x10-5 psia -1 Production properties: p wf = 1500 psia (constant) You are to estimate the fracture half-length (x f ) using the production data provided below. In this case the number of hydraulic fractures (n f ) is estimated to be 80 (eighty) from the well stimulation design. ( pi pwf ) B 1 1 B 1 1 mlf t mlf xf q h c t k n f x f h c t k n f m LF (10 pts) 8. Fracture half-length (x f ) from linear flow data = ft

10 Signature: (Page 10 of 11) (10 pts) Problem 9: Gas-In-Place for an Abnormally Pressured Gas Reservoir Objective: You are to estimate the gas-in-place for an abnormally pressured gas reservoir using the material balance relation for a normally pressured gas reservoir (i.e., use the straight-line gas-in-place relation shown below). p p i 1 1 z z i Gp G (10 pts) 9. Gas-In-Place for an Abnormally Pressured Gas Reservoir = BSCF

11 Name: Signature: (Page 11 of 11) (10 pts) Problem 10: Estimation of the z-factor for a Dry Gas Case. Objective: You are to estimate the z-factor for the case of a dry hydrocarbon gas at 200 Deg F and 2000 psia using the composition data and the "Standing and Katz" z-factor chart shown below. g = (air = 1) Tc = Deg R pc = psia TRankin = TFahrenheit Tr = T/Tc pr = p/pc (10 pts) Problem 10. Estimation of the z-factor for a Dry Gas Case. = (dimensionless)