4.3 Analog Value Representation

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Percival Campbell
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1 4.3 Analog Value Representation Introduction This section describes the analog values for all the measuring ranges and output ranges which you can use with the analog modules. Converting analog values The CPU processes the analog values in binary form only. Analog input modules convert the analog process signal into digital form. Analog output modules convert the digital output value into an analog signal. Analog value representation with 16-bit resolution The digitized analog value is the same for both input and output values having the same nominal range. The analog values are represented as a fixed-point number in two s complement. The resulting assignment is as follows Bit Value of bits Sign The sign of the analog value is always contained in bit number Resolution less than 16 bits If the resolution of an analog module has fewer than 16 bits, the analog value is stored left-justified on the module. The lower-order bit positions not used are padded with zeros ( 0 ). 4-10

2 Example In the following example you can see how the positions not padded with 0 are written for low resolution. Table 4-6 Example Bit Pattern of a 16-Bit and a 13-Bit Analog Value Resolution Analog value Bit bit analog value bit analog value Analog Value Representation for Analog Input Channels Introduction The tables in this chapter contain the measured value representations for the various measuring ranges of the analog input modules. The values in the tables apply to all modules with the corresponding measuring ranges. Notes for readers of the tables Tables 4-8 to 4-9 contain the binary representation of the measured values. Since the binary representation of the measured values is always the same, starting at 4-10 these tables only contain the measured values and the units. 4-11

3 Measured-value resolution The resolution of the analog values may differ, depending on the analog module and its parameterization. With resolutions < 15 bits, the bits indicated by x are set to 0. Note This resolution does not apply to temperature values. The converted temperature values are the result of a conversion in the analog module (see Tables 4-16 to 4-31). Table 4-7 Possible Analog Value Resolutions Resolution Analog value in bits (+ sign) High-order byte Low-order byte H Sign x x x x x x x H Sign x x x x x x H Sign x x x x x H Sign x x x x H Sign x x x H Sign x x H Sign x H Sign

4 Binary representation of the input ranges The input ranges shown in Tables 4-8 to 4-9 are defined in two s complement representation Table 4-8 Bipolar Input s Measured Data Word Value in % Overflow Rated range Under range Underflow Table 4-9 Unipolar Input s Measured Data Word Value in % Overflow Over range Rated range Under range Underflow 4-13

5 Analog Value Representation in Voltage Measuring s Table 4-10 Analog Value Representation in Voltage Measuring s ± 10 V to ± 1 V System Voltage Measuring Dec. Hex. ±10 V ±5 V ±2.5 V ±1 V % FFF V V V V Overflow % F % EFF V V V V C % C00 10 V 5 V 2.5 V 1 V % V 3.75 V V 0.75 V % V V 90.4 V V 0 % V 0 V 0 V 0 V 1 FFFF % AF V 3.75 V V 0.75 V % V 5 V 2.5 V 1 V FF % V V V V % FF Underflow % V V V V 4-14

6 Table 4-11 Analog Value Representation in Voltage Measuring s ± 500 mv to ± 80 mv System Voltage Measuring Dec. Hex. ±500 mv ±250 mv ±80 mv % FFF mv mv 94.8 mv Overflow % F % EFF mv mv 94.1 mv C % C mv 250 mv 80 mv % mv mv 60 mv % V 9.04 V 2.89 V 0 % mv 0 mv 0 mv 1 FFFF % AF mv mv 60 mv % mv 250 mv 80 mv FF % mv mv 94.1 mv % FF Underflow % mv mv 94.8 mv Table 4-12 Analog Value Representation in Voltage Measuring s 1 to 5 V and 0 to 10V System Voltage Measuring Dec. Hex. 1 to 5 V 0 to 10 V % FFF V V % F00 Overflow % EFF V V C % C00 5 V 10 V 75% V 7.5 V % V V 0 V V 0 % V 0 V 1 FFFF % 4864 ED V Negative values 4865 ECFF not possible % Underflow 4-15

7 Analog Value Representation in Current Measuring s Table 4-13 Analog Value Representation in Current Measuring s ± 20 ma to ± 3.2 ma System Current Measuring Dec. Hex. ±20 ma ±10 ma ±3.2 ma % FFF ma ma 3.79 ma Overflow % F % EFF ma ma 3.76 ma C % C00 20 ma 10 ma 3.2 ma 75% ma 7.5 ma 2.4 ma % na na na 0 % ma 0 ma 0 ma 1 FFFF 75%% AF00 15 ma 7.5 ma 2.4 ma % ma 10 ma 3.2 ma FF % ma ma 3.76 ma % FF Underflow % ma ma 3.79 ma Table 4-14 Analog Value Representation in Current Measuring s 0 to 20 ma and 4 to 20 ma System Current Measuring Dec. Hex. 0 to 20 ma 4 to 20 ma % FFF ma ma % F00 Overflow % EFF ma ma C % C00 20 ma 20 ma 75% ma 15 ma % na 4 ma na 0 % ma 4 ma 1 FFFF % 4864 ED ma ma 4865 ECFF % Underflow 4-16

8 Analog Value Representation for Resistance-Type Transmitters Table 4-15 Analog Value Representation for Resistance Type Transmitters from 10 k and from 150 to 600 System Resistance-Type Transmitter Dec. Hex. 10 k % FFF k Overflow % F % EFF C01 k % C00 10 k % k % m 5.43 m 10.85m 21.70m 0 % (neg. values physically not possible) Analog value representation for RTD Resistance Temperature Detectors Pt x00 Table 4-16 Analog Value Representation for RTD Resistance Temperature Detectors Pt 100, 200, 500, 1000 Pt x00 (1 digit =0.1 C) Pt x00 (1 digit =0.1 F) Pt x K) > FFF H > FFF H > FFF H Overflow H 2135 H 2134 H F830 H F82F H F682 H H 3D05 H 3D04 H F330 H F32F H F02A H BC H 2BE1 H 2BE0 H 2DC H 2DB H 12E H < H < H < H Underflow 4-17

9 Analog value representation for RTD Resistance Temperature Detectors Pt x00 climate Table 4-17 Analog Value Representation for RTD Resistance Temperature Detectors Pt 100, 200, 500, 1000 Pt x00 cli- mate 0.01 C) > FFF H > FFF H Overflow C8C H 32C9 H 32C8 H D120 H D11F H C75C H C H 67E9 H 67E8 H B820 H B81F H A68C H < H < H Underflow Analog value representation for RTD Resistance Temperature Detectors Ni x00 Table 4-18 Analog Value Representation for RTD Resistance Temperature Detectors Ni100, 120, 200, 500, 1000 Ni x C) Ni x F) Ni x K) Pt x00 cli- mate 0.01 F) > FFF H > FFF H > FFF H Overflow B86 H 9C5 H 9C4 H FDA8 H FDA7 H FBE6 H FE H 12D5 H 12D4 H FD08 H FD07 H F9DE H H 1471 H 1470 H 854 H 853 H 692 H < H < H < H Underflow 4-18

10 Analog value representation for RTD Resistance Temperature Detectors Ni x00 climate Table 4-19 Analog Value Representation for RTD Resistance Temperature Detectors Ni 100, 120, 200, 500, 1000 Ni x00 cli- mate 0.01 C) > FFF H > FFF H Overflow C H 61A9 H 61A8 H E890 H E88F H D6FC H FFE H 6D61 H 6D60 H E250 H E24F H C2AC H < H < H Underflow Analog value representation for RTD Resistance Temperature Detectors Cu 10 Table 4-20 Analog Value Representation for RTD Resistance Temperature Detectors Cu 10 Cu C) Ni x00 cli- mate 0.01 F) Cu 10 decima hexa F) Cu 10 decima hexa K) > FFF H > FFF H > FFF H Overflow C30 H A29 H A28 H F830 H F82F H F6A0 H H 12D5 H 1389 H F330 H F32F H F060 H DC H 14D5 H 14D4 H 2DC H 2DB H 14C H < H < H < H Underflow 4-19

11 Analog value representation for RTD Resistance Temperature Detectors Cu 10 climate Table 4-21 Analog Value Representation for RTD Resistance Temperature Detectors Cu 10 Cu 10 cli- mate 0.01 C) > FFF H > FFF H Overflow H 3A99 H 3A98 H EC78 H EC77 H E890 H FFE H 6D61A H 6D60 H E958 H E957 H E250 H < H < H Underflow Analog value representation for thermocouples type B Table 4-22 Analog Value Representation for Thermocouples Type B Type B Type B Type B Cu 10 cli- mate 0.01 F) > FFF H > FFF H > FFF H Overflow DC H 4722 H 4718 H 0000 H FFE H 6CDA H 6CD9 H 0140 H B88 H 51CE H 51C4 H 0AAC H FB50 H F8D0 H FC H < H < H < H Underflow 4-20

12 Analog Value Representation for Thermocouples type C Table 4-23 Analog Value Representation for Thermocouples Type C Type C Type C > FFF H > FFF H Overflow A8 H 5A6F H 5A6E H 0000 H FFFF H FB50 H FFE H 6CDA H 6CD9 H 0140 H 013F H F8D0 H < H < H Underflow Analog Value Representation for Thermocouples type E Table 4-24 Analog Value Representation for Thermocouples Type E Type E Type E Type E > FFF H > 2192, FFF H > FFF H Overflow EE0 H 2711 H 2710 H F574 H A0 H 47A2 H 4790 H EE44 H C H 31C6 H 31BC H 0000 H < < 2700 H < < 4540 <EE44 H <0 <0 <0000 H Underflow In the case of incorrect wiring (e. g. polarity reversal or open inputs) or of a sensor error in the negative range (e. g. incorrect thermocouple type), the analog input module signals underflow of F0C4 H and outputs 8000 H.... of FB70 H and outputs 8000 H.... of E5D4 H and outputs 8000 H. 4-21

13 Analog Value Representation for Thermocouples type J Table 4-25 Analog Value Representation for Thermocouples Type J Type J Type J Type J > FFF H > 2642, FFF H > FFF H Overflow A4 H 2EEA H 2EE0 H F7CC H H 55B2 H 55A0 H F27C H H 3996 H 398C H 0278 H < < 2100 <F7CC H < < 3460 <F27C H <63.2 < 632 < 0278 H Underflow In the case of incorrect wiring (e. g. polarity reversal or open inputs) or of a sensor error in the negative range (e. g. incorrect thermocouple type), the analog input module signals underflow of F31C H and outputs 8000 H.... of EA0C H and outputs 8000 H.... of FDC8 H and outputs 8000 H. Analog value representation for thermocouples type K Table 4-26 Analog Value Representation for Thermocouples Type K Type K Type K Type K > FFF H > FFF H > FFF H Overflow F5C H 35A2 H 3598 H F574 H C H 61CA H 61B8 H EE44 H A08 H 404E H 4044 H 0000 H < < 2700 < F574 H < < 4540 <EE44 H 0 % 0 % < 0000 H Underflow In the case of incorrect wiring (e. g. polarity reversal or open inputs) or of a sensor error in the negative range (e. g. incorrect thermocouple type), the analog input module signals underflow of F0C4 H and outputs 8000 H.... of E5D4 H and outputs 8000 H.... of FB70 H and outputs 8000 H. 4-22

14 Analog value representation for thermocouples type L Table 4-27 Analog Value Representation for Thermocouples Type L Type L Type L Type L > FFF H > FFF H > FFF H Overflow CEC H 2332 H 2328 H F830 H C H 409A H 4088 H F330 H H 2DDE H 2DD4 H 02DC H < < 2000 < F830 H < < 3280 <F330 H <73.2 < 732 <02DC H Underflow In the case of incorrect wiring (e. g. polarity reversal or open inputs) or of a sensor error in the negative range (e. g. incorrect thermocouple type), the analog input module signals underflow of F380 H and outputs 8000 H.... of EAC0 H and outputs 8000 H.... of FE2C H and outputs 8000 H. Analog Value Representation for Thermocouples type N Table 4-28 Analog Value Representation for Thermocouples Type N Type N Type N Type N > FFF H > FFF H > FFF H Overflow C8C H 32C9 H 32C8 H F574 H E3C H 5CBA H 5CA8 H EE44 H H 3D7E H 3D74 H 0000 H < < 2700 < F574 H < < 4540 <EE44 H 0 % < 0 < 0000 H Underflow In the case of incorrect wiring (e. g. polarity reversal or open inputs) or of a sensor error in the negative range (e. g. incorrect thermocouple type), the analog input module signals underflow of F0C4 H and outputs 8000 H.... of E5D4 H and outputs 8000 H.... of FB70 H and outputs 8000 H. 4-23

15 Analog Value Representation for Thermocouples type R, S Table 4-29 Analog Value Representation for Thermocouples Type R, S Types R, S > FFF H > FFF H > FFF H Overflow EDE H 4524 H 451A H FE0C H FE02 H F95C H FFE H 7DB4 H 7DA2 H FDBC H FDAA H F54C H A H 4FD0 H 4FC6 H 08B8 H 08AE H 0408 H < H < H < < H Underflow Analog Value Representation for Thermocouples type T Table 4-30 Analog Value Representation for Thermocouples Type T Type T Type T Type T Types R, Types R, S deci- hexa- S mal > FFF H > FFF H > FFF H Overflow H 0FAA H 0FA0 H F574 H H FC4 H D60 H EE44 H AAC H 0020 H < < 2700 <F574 H < < 4540 <EE44 H <3.2 < 32 < 0020 H Underflow In the case of incorrect wiring (e. g. polarity reversal or open inputs) or of a sensor error in the negative range (e. g. incorrect thermocouple type), the analog input module signals underflow of F0C4 H and outputs 8000 H.... of E5D4 H and outputs 8000 H.... of FB70 H and outputs 8000 H. 4-24

16 Analog Value Representation for Thermocouples type U Table 4-31 Analog Value Representation for Thermocouples Type U Type U Type U Type U > FFF H > FFF H > FFF H Overflow H 177A H 1770 H F830 H H 2B82 H 2B70 H F330 H BE0 H 2226 H 221C H 02DC H < < 2000 <F830 H < < 3280 <F330 H <73.2 < 732 <02DC H Underflow In the case of incorrect wiring (e. g. polarity reversal or open inputs) or of a sensor error in the negative range (e. g. incorrect thermocouple type), the analog input module signals underflow of F380 H and outputs 8000 H.... of EAC0 H and outputs 8000 H.... of FE2C H and outputs 8000 H. 4-25

17 4.3.2 Analog Value Representation for Analog Output Channels Introduction The tables in this chapter contain the analog value representation for output channels of the analog output modules. The values in the tables apply to all modules with the corresponding output ranges. Notes for readers of the tables Tables 4-32 to 4-33 contain the binary representation of the output values. Since the binary representation of the output values is always the same, starting at 4-34 these tables only contain the output ranges and the units. Output ranges for the SM 334; AI 4/AO 2 8/8 bits The analog input/output module SM 334; AI 4/AO 2 8/8 bits has output ranges from 0 to 10 V and from 0 to 20 ma. Unlike the other analog modules, the SM 334 has a lower resolution, however. Please not that the SM 334; AI 4/AO 2 8/8 bits with product status 1 does not have overranges. Binary representation of the output ranges The output ranges shown in Tables 4-32 to 4-33 are defined in two s complement representation 4-26

18 Table 4-32 Bipolar Output s Output Data Word Value in % % x x x x x x x x Overflow Over range Rated range Under range % x x x x x x x x Underflow Table 4-33 Unipolar Output s Output Data Word Value in % % x x x x x x x x Overflow Rated range Limited to rated range lower limit V and 0 ma % x x x x x x x x Underflow 4-27

19 Analog value representation in voltage output ranges Table 4-34 Analog Value Representation in Output ±10 V System Voltage Output Dec. Hex. ±10 V % FFF 0.00 V Overflow, off circuit and de-energized F % EFF V C % C00 10 V 75% V % µv 0 % V 1 FFFF µv 75 % AF V 100 % V FF % V FF Underflow, off circuit and de-energized % V 4-28

20 Table 4-35 Analog Value Representation in Output s 0 to 10 V and 1 to 5 V System Dec. hex. 0 to 10 V 1 to 5 V Voltage Output % FFF 0.00 V 0.00 V Overflow, off circuit and de F00 energized % EFF V 5.70 V C % C00 10 V 5 V 75% V 3.75 V % µV 1V+144.7µV 0 % V 1 V 1 FFFF 25 % 6912 E500 0 V 6913 E4FF Not possible. The output value is limited % to 0 V FF Underflow, off circuit and % V 0.00 V de-energized 4-29

21 Analog value representation in current output ranges Table 4-36 Analog Value Representation in Output ±20 ma System Current Output Dec. Hex. ±20 ma % FFF 0.00 ma Overflow, off circuit and de-energized F % EFF ma C % C00 20 ma 75% ma % na 0 % ma 1 FFFF na 75 % AF00 15 ma 100 % ma FF % ma FF Underflow, off circuit and de-energized % ma Table 4-37 Analog Value Representation in Output s 0 and 20 ma and 4 to 20 ma System Current Output Dec. Hex. 0 to 20 ma 4 to 20 ma % FFF 0.00 ma 0.00 ma Overflow, off circuit F00 and de-energized % EFF ma ma C % C00 20 ma 20 ma 75% ma 15 ma % na 4mA na 0 % ma 4 ma 1 FFFF 25 % 6912 E500 0 ma 6913 E4FF Not possible. The output value is limited % to 0 ma FF Underflow, off circuit % ma 0.00 ma and de-energized 4-30

Architecture and development methodology for Location Based Services

The ITB Journal Volume 5 Issue 1 Article 13 2004 Architecture and development methodology for Location Based Services Aaron Hand School of Science, Institute of Technology at Tallaght, Dublin 24., aaron.hand@itnet.ie