PHASOR DIAGRAM OF TRANSFORMER. Prepared By ELECTRICALBABA.COM
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1 PHASOR DIAGRAM OF TRANSFORMER Prepared By ELECTRICALBABA.COM
2 IMPORTANT POINTS FOR PHASOR OF TRANSFORMER Transformer when excited at no load, only takes excitation current which leads the working Flux by Hysteretic angle. Excitation current is made up of two components, one in phase with the applied Voltage V is called Core Loss component (Ic) and another in phase with the working Flux called Magnetizing Current (Im). Electromotive Force (EMF) created by working Flux lags behind it by 90 degree. When Transformer is connected with a Load, it takes extra current I from the Source so that N 1 I = N 2 I 2 where I is called load componete of Primary Current I 1.
3 IMPORTANT POINTS FOR PHASOR OF TRANSFORMER So under load condition, I 1 = Primary Current, is phasor Sum of I and Excitation Current.
4 NO LOAD PHASOR OF A TRANSFORMER
5 NO LOAD PHASOR OF A TRANSFORMER Working Flux taken as Reference Flux
6 NO LOAD PHASOR OF A TRANSFORMER Excitation Current leading by.
7 NO LOAD PHASOR OF A TRANSFORMER Induced EMF E1 and E2 lagging Flux by 90 degree. E1, E2 = V2
8 NO LOAD PHASOR OF A TRANSFORMER V1 = -E1 V1 = -E1 Ic Im E1, E2 = V2
9 NO LOAD PHASOR OF A TRANSFORMER Voltage drop r1 in Primary. V1 = -E1 r1 Ic Im E1, E2 = V2
10 NO LOAD PHASOR OF A TRANSFORMER Voltage drop X1 in Primary due to reactance. jx1 V1 = -E1 r1 Ic Im E1, E2 = V2
11 NO LOAD PHASOR OF A TRANSFORMER Sourec Voltage V1 = V1 +r1 +jx1, phasor sum. jx1 V1 r1 V1 = -E1 Ic Im E1, E2 = V2
12 NO LOAD PHASOR OF A TRANSFORMER No load Power Factor = CosƟ jx1 V1 r1 V1 = -E1 Ic Ɵ Im E1, E2 = V2
13 INDUCTIVE LOAD
14 INDUCTIVE LOAD As load is inductive, secondary current will lag secondary load voltage V2 by some angle. r1 = Primary winding Resistance X1 = Primary winding leakage Reactance r2 = Secondary winding Resistance X2 = Secondary winding leakage Reactance
15 INDUCTIVE LOAD Working Flux is taken as referance.
16 INDUCTIVE LOAD
17 INDUCTIVE LOAD
18 INDUCTIVE LOAD V1 =-E1
19 INDUCTIVE LOAD V1 =-E1 V2
20 INDUCTIVE LOAD Working Flux is taken as referance. V1 =-E1 Ɵ2 I1 I2 V2
21 INDUCTIVE LOAD Working Flux is taken as referance. V1 =-E1 Ɵ2 I1 I1 I2 V2
22 INDUCTIVE LOAD Working Flux is taken as referance. V1 =-E1 Ɵ2 I1r1 I1 I1 I2 V2
23 INDUCTIVE LOAD Working Flux is taken as referance. ji1x1 V1 =-E1 Ɵ2 I1r1 I1 I1 I2 V2
24 INDUCTIVE LOAD Working Flux is taken as referance. V1 ji1x1 I1r1 Ɵ2 V1 =-E1 I1 I1 I2 V2
25 INDUCTIVE LOAD Working Flux is taken as referance. V1 ji1x1 I1r1 Ɵ2 V1 =-E1 I1 I1 I2 I2r2 V2
26 INDUCTIVE LOAD E2 = V2+I2r2+jI2X2, phasor sum V1 Ɵ2 ji1x1 I1r1 V1 =-E1 I1 I1 I2 I2r2 V2 ji2x2
27 INDUCTIVE LOAD Primary Power Factor= Cos Ɵ1, angle between V1 & I1. V1 ji1x1 I1r1 Ɵ2 V1 =-E1 I1 Ɵ1 I1 I2 I2r2 V2 ji2x2
28 CAPACITIVE LOAD As load is capacitive, secondary current will lead secondary load voltage V2 by some angle.
29 CAPACITIVE LOAD Working Flux is taken as reference.
30 CAPACITIVE LOAD
31 CAPACITIVE LOAD
32 CAPACITIVE LOAD V1 = - E1 V2
33 CAPACITIVE LOAD V1 = - E1 V2 Ɵ2 I2
34 CAPACITIVE LOAD I1 V1 = - E1 V2 Ɵ2 I2
35 CAPACITIVE LOAD V1 = - E1 I1 I1 V2 Ɵ2 I2
36 CAPACITIVE LOAD I1r1 V1 = - E1 I1 I1 V2 Ɵ2 I2
37 CAPACITIVE LOAD ji1x I1r1 V1 = - E1 I1 I1 V2 Ɵ2 I2
38 CAPACITIVE LOAD ji1x V1 I1r1 V1 = - E1 I1 V1=V1 +I1r1+jI1X1, phasor sum I1 V2 Ɵ2 I2
39 CAPACITIVE LOAD ji1x V1 I1r1 V1 = - E1 I1 V1=V1 +I1r1+jI1X1, phasor sum I1 V2 I2r2 Ɵ2 I2
40 CAPACITIVE LOAD ji1x V1 I1r1 V1 = - E1 I1 E2=V2+I2r2+jI2X2, phasor sum I1 V2 I2r2 Ɵ2 ji2x2 I2
41 CAPACITIVE LOAD ji1x V1 I1r1 V1 = - E1 I1 E2=V2+I2r2+jI2X2, phasor sum I1 Ɵ1 V2 I2r2 Ɵ2 ji2x2 I2
42 RESISTIVE LOAD
43 RESISTIVE LOAD For Resistive Load, load current will be in phase with the load Voltage V2.
44 RESISTIVE LOAD Working Flux is taken as reference.
45 RESISTIVE LOAD
46 RESISTIVE LOAD
47 RESISTIVE LOAD V1 = -E1
48 RESISTIVE LOAD V1 = -E1 V2
49 RESISTIVE LOAD V1 = -E1 I2 V2
50 RESISTIVE LOAD V1 = -E1 I2 I1 V2
51 RESISTIVE LOAD I2 V1 = -E1 I1 I1 V2
52 RESISTIVE LOAD I1r1 I2 V1 = -E1 I1 I1 V2
53 RESISTIVE LOAD ji1x1 I1r1 I2 V1 = -E1 I1 I1 V2
54 RESISTIVE LOAD V2 V1 I2 ji1x1 I1r1 V1 = -E1 I1 I1 V1=V1 +I1r1+jI1X1, phasor sum
55 RESISTIVE LOAD V1 ji1x1 I1r1 I2 V1 = -E1 I1 I1 I2r2 V2
56 RESISTIVE LOAD V1 ji1x1 I1r1 E2=V2+I2r2+jI2X2, phasor sum I2 V1 = -E1 I1 I1 V2 I2r2 ji2x2
57 COMMENTS? / QUESTIONS???
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