Dynamic Asset Pricing in a System of Local Housing Markets
|
|
- Brianna Henry
- 5 years ago
- Views:
Transcription
1 Dyamc Asse Prcg a Sysem of Local Housg Markes By Parck Bayer, Brya Ellckso ad Paul B. Ellckso For mos people, buyg a house s oe of he mos sgfca vesme decsos of her lfemes. Ecoomss have maly focused o he cosumpo aspecs of hs process. For example, a ypcal model urba ecoomcs mgh frame he decso of where o lve as a dscree choce over a budle of housg ad eghborhood arbues such as locao, square fooage, schoolg opos, ad crme levels. The vesme sde of he problem has receved cosderably less aeo, a surprsg omsso sce housg asses comprse approxmaely wo-hrds of he average Amerca household s facal porfolo, serve a mpora role savg for rereme ad, as has become creasgly appare, ca be que rsky. Ths paper vews housg markes from a asse-prcg perspecve, usg face heory o relae he rsk premum of a housg asse (he dfferece bewee s expeced reur ad he reur for a rsk-free vesme) o s exposure o rsk. As usual face, wha maers for he rsk premum of a housg asse s s exposure o sysemac rsk, o dosycrac rsk. I our model, here are wo forms of sysemac rsk o whch housg asses are exposed: aoal rsk (whch s commo o houses everywhere) ad local rsk (whch affecs all houses wh a gve meropola area, bu owhere else). Houses are sad o be of he same ype h f hey are locaed he same meropola area ad have he same exposure o sysemac rsk. Our ma coclusos are ha (1) houses of every ype face a commo se of rsk prces ( for he aoal rsk ad m for he local rsk specfc o meropola area m) ha, ogeher wh approprae measures of exposure o rsk, Bayer: Duke Uversy, 213 Socal Sceces, Durham, NC, 27708, parck.bayer@duke.edu. B. Ellckso: UCLA, 8363 Buche Hall, Los Ageles, CA 90095, ellckso@eco.ucla.edu. P. Ellckso: Smo GSB, Uversy of Rocheser, Rocheser, NY, 14627, paul.ellckso@smo.rocheser.edu. 1 accou for he varao rsk-premums across housg ypes ad (2) he parameers measurg exposure o sysemac rsk facors ca be esmaed usg rasacos daa for repea sales of houses, daa ha are ow readly avalable. We also aalyze a verso of he model ha akes e res raher ha house values as he prmves. Ths specal case provdes some uo regardg he mpac of re ad rsk premums o he growh of house values. I. A Model of Housg Marke Rsk The seg s a colleco of N sgle-famly housg us locaed M meropola areas. Besdes meropola locao, houses are classfed o K caegores. We refer o a specfc parg h D.m; k/ as a housg ype, for example a large house Los Ageles. The model s formulaed as a sysem of sochasc dffereal equaos (SDE s) drve by a mul-dmesoal Weer process, usg as a framework he sadard muldmesoal marke model face (see Duffe (2001) or Shreve (2004)). We assume ha our aoal housg marke s observed over a me erval Œ0; T <, for example he 20-year perod Œ0; 20. The prce process of house of ype h D.m; k/ s assumed o be he soluo o he SDE (1) dv D V h hd C h db Equao (1) expresses he saaeous rae of prce apprecao dv =V of house a me as he sum of a expeced rae of prce apprecao hd ad a radom shock h db, where h (he drf) ad h (he volaly) are parameers ad db s he sochasc dffereal of a Weer process assocaed wh house. The sochasc dffereal db s ur assumed o be a lear combao of hree uderlyg rsk facors, (2) db h WD h dw C hm h dw h C hh h dw
2 2 PAPERS AND PROCEEDINGS MAY 2010 where dw, dw m ad dw are sochasc dffereals of Weer processes represeg aoal rsk W, local rsk W m specfc o meropola area m, ad dosycrac rsk W specfc o housg asse. The parameers h, hm ad hh are covarao parameers ha measure he sesvy of db o he aoal rsk facor, he local rsk facor for meropola area m ad he dosycrac rsk facor specfc o house. The volaly parameer h of equao (1) s lked o he covarao parameers of equao (2) by he followg dey, (3). h / 2 WD. h / 2 C. hm / 2 C. hh / 2 The prce process of every house s assumed o be govered by a SDE of he form gve by equaos (1) (3), all defed o a commo flered probably space. ; F ; F; P /. Face mposes equlbrum resrcos o hs colleco of asse-prce processes o by equag supply ad demad for each ype of asse or by some oher meas of relag asse prces o fudameals, bu sead by mposg he hypohess ha equlbrum every possble opporuy for arbrage has bee elmaed:.e., o self-facg porfolo comprsed of houses ad he rsk-free asse ca make a posve prof wh o rsk of loss uless he al vesme s srcly posve a.s. (.e., wh probably oe). The ga process G D.G / 2Œ0;T assocaed wh housg asse s defed by G D V C D where D WD R 0 d ad s he cash flow (e of expeses) receved by he ower of he asse a me. Thus G G0 s he sum of he capal ga V V0 ad he accumulaed e cash flow D accrug o a vesor holdg he asse over he erval Œ0;. For a ladlord, s smply he flow of real come less expeses for maeace, repars ad he lke, whch we wll refer o as e real flow. For a homeower, s he pued e real flow.1 The Fudameal Theorem of Asse Prcg assers ha, provded he housg marke elmaes all arbrage opporues, here exss a prcg process Z D.Z / 2Œ0;T such ha he 1 Esmag for homeowers s more dffcul ha for ladlords. As we wll see, o-arbrage heory provdes a way aroud hs problem. rsk-adjused ga process ZG for every housg asse s a margale:.e., for all s; 2 Œ0; T such ha s E.Z G j F s/ D Z s G s where F s s he formao se a me s for he flered probably space. ; F ; F; P / o whch all of he sochasc processes he model are defed. Whe he prce processes are as specfed equaos (1) (3), he he rsk-prcg process Z akes a smple form. I s he sochasc process geeraed by he SDE (4) dz D Z " dw C X m m dw m wh Z 0 D 1, where he summao s over all meropola areas. The fac ha ZG s a margale mples ha hs process, whch self s geeraed by a SDE, mus have zero drf. Assume he rao =V of e re o house value s he same for all housg asses of ype h ad ha hs e real yeld ı h remas cosa over me. 2 The (5) h C ı h D h C m hm for every housg ype h. I he face leraure, equaos (5), oe for each asse ype h, are called he marke-prce-of-rsk equaos. 3 The lef-had sde of equao (5) s he rsk premum of housg ype h, he expeced saaeous oal reur (.e., capal gas plus e real yeld) a me, e of he rsk-free rae. The rgh-had sde s he oal value of rsk exposure for a housg asse of ype h, he sum of he prce of aoal rsk mes he exposure h o ha rsk plus he prce m of local rsk mes he exposure hm o ha rsk. Raher ha mulplyg he ga G by Z, here s a equvale way o adjus for rsk by chagg he probably measure. The value Z T of he prcg process a me T s a Rado- Nkodym dervave d P Q =dp ha chages he rue probably measure P o a equvale 2 Shorly we provde a proof ha, f e res are geeraed by a geomerc Browa moo, he he e real yeld mus be cosa. 3 See Shreve (2004). #
3 VOL. 100 NO. 2 LOCAL HOUSING MARKETS 3 margale measure (EMM). Uder he EMM Q P he ga process G self, raher ha he rskadjused ga process ZG, s a margale:.e., for all s; 2 Œ0; T such ha s QE.G j F s/ D G s where he lde o he expecao sg dcaes ha he codoal expecao s ake wh respec o P. Q If probables are adjused for rsk, asses ca be prced as hough vesors are rsk eural, eve hough hey are o. Esablshg a coeco bewee housg value ad e real flow provdes a ce llusrao of a arbrage-based approach o asse prcg. As usual, s easer o esablsh a lk o fudameals f we assume a fe horzo, so for he mome we replace he me se Œ0; T wh he me se Œ0;1/. We ake he dscoued e real processes as he prmves of our model, demosrag below ha hs s equvale o a model whch he value processes V are he prmves. Alhough he aalyss ca be geeralzed o hadle me-varyg parameers, we assume drf ad volaly are cosa. I a more geeral model, hese e real processes mgh deped o he value households derve from lvg a parcular house, cludg s physcal feaures, local amees ad labor marke opporues. Whe expecaos are ake wh respec o he EMM, house values equal he expeced dscoued value of fuure res e of expeses. For hs reaso, s easer o aalyze he coeco bewee value ad e re uder he probably measure P. Q Leg deoe he flow of dscoued e re for house a me, suppose he process s a geomerc Browa moo geeraed by he SDE (6) d D ŒQh d C h d QB where QB s a Weer process uder P. Q The sochasc dffereal d QB s assumed o be a lear combao of aoal, local ad dosycrac rsk facors, (7) d QB D h h d QW C hm h d QW m C hh h d QW where WQ, WQ m ad WQ are Weer processes uder P Q (compare equaos (1) ad.2/ descrbg he SDE geerag he value process V ). I equao (6), Q h s he drf of dscoued e re uder P. Q Assume ha Q h < 0 ad defe he dscoued value process V by V D QE R 1 u du j F for 2 Œ0; 1/. I follows ha V D =Qh. Thus, uder he probably measure PQ he e real yeld of a house of ype h s he same for all houses of ype h, ad s me vara. Because P ad PQ are equvale measures, hs relaoshp also holds uder P:.e., (8) ı h WD V D Q h.p-a.s/ Leg ı h D Q h equao (5), (9) h D Q h C h C m hm whch offers a alerave perspecve o he marke-prce-of-rsk equao. If rsk-prces are zero (so vesors are fac rsk eural) he r C h D r C Q h : prce apprecao o houses of ype h equals he rsk-free rae plus he expeced rae of crease of e re uder he EMM. O he oher had, f rsk prces are posve ad he covarao parameers are posve, he h Q h D h C m hm > 0 House values apprecae a a more rapd rae ha Q h o compesae for he rsk. Wha happes o he process uder he rue probably measure P? Grsaov s Theorem, used o derve equao (5), mples ha! (10) d QB h D db C C ı h h d Subsug (10) o (6) ad usg (8) o smplfy, we oba d D Œ hd C h db : uder P he drf maches he drf V. Because V s a scalar mulple of, uder PQ dv D V ŒQh d C h d QB. Usg (10) o subsue for d QB yelds equao (1), he SDE for V uder he rue probably measure P. We coclude ha, hs specal case where e re follows a geomerc Browa moo, (1) he e re o value rao s cosa for
4 4 PAPERS AND PROCEEDINGS MAY 2010 all houses of he same ype ad (2) he growh rae dv =V of house value ad he growh rae d = of e res are drve by he same process. By resrcg hs fe horzo model o he erval Œ0; T, hese coclusos carry over mmedaely o our orgal fe-horzo model. II. Hedoc Reurs I coras o purely facal asses such as socks or bods, housg asses are heerogeeous ad rade a very low frequecy. However, daa o repea sales ca be used o overcome hese problems. Assume ha Œ0; T s dvded o N ervals. 1 ;, say mohs. Le R WD log.v =V s / deoe he logarhmc reur for a housg asse of ype h D.m; k/ ha sells a me s ad aga a me, where he sellg mes s; 2 Œ0; T are assumed rouded o he begg or ed of a moh. Defe WD s, he durao of repea sale, ad le M deoe he se of mohs covered by hs repea sale. Defe WD 1, he legh of moh. Smlarly, le W ad W m deoe he cremes over moh of he Weer processes W ad W m respecvely. Solvg he sochasc dffereal equao (1) s easy o show ha (11) R D h C X where h WD ad 2M r h C ". hh / 2 =2, " WD hh.w r h. WD Œ h h / 2 C. hm / 2 2 C h W C hm W m W s /, Le N h be he se of repea sales of houses of ype h D.m; k/ over he me erval Œ0; T. For D 1; 2; : : : ; N le I f2m g be a dcaor varable ha equals 1 f moh s covered by he h repea sale ad 0 oherwse. I regresso form equao (11) becomes (12) R D h C The coeffce r h NX r h I f2m g C " D1 hs regresso s he poro of he logarhmc reur for moh ha s commo o all housg asses of ype h. We refer o he mohly me seres.r h/n D1 geeraed by hese regressos as hedoc reurs. Equao (12) bears more ha a passg resemblace o he mehods used by Karl Case ad Rober Shller (1989) o cosruc housg prce dces. The dfferecg used o oba he logarhmc reur for he h repea sale allows us o corol for house-specfc fxed effecs: he cosa erm V0 specfc o repea sale drops ou of he expresso for he logarhmc reur. Thus, he level of housg prces s allowed o be que heerogeeous, eve for houses of he same ype. The homogeey we mpose oly requres ha log reurs (he creme o log prces over a fxed erval of me) for houses of he same ype are draw from he same dsrbuo. Because we see oly a sgle realzao, hs regresso he realzaos of W, W m ad W are fxed, bu here are N h radom varables ", oe for each repea sale. By defo of he Weer processes W, he expecao E" D 0 ad he dsurbaces are depedely dsrbued. Cosequely, he parameers of equao (11) ca be cossely esmaed usg OLS. Equao (11) hghlghs wo effecs of durao o he reur. Frs, he varace of he dsurbace erm for repea sale s. hh / 2. As Case ad Shller, hs heeroskedascy s easly hadled. Secod, durao has a drec effec o he mea reur: he regresso coeffce h o he durao of he h repea sale provdes a esmae of. hh / 2 =2 ad hece a esmae for hh, he volaly of he dosycrac rsk for a housg asse of ype h. I hs way, dervg equao (11) from a couous-me srucural model leads o a poeally mpora modfcao o he classc Case-Shller specfcao, a mea correco for durao. III. Esmag he Model The marke-prce-of-rsk equaos (5) provde H lear equaos (oe for each house ype) M C 1 ukows (he prce of aoal rsk ad M local rsk prces m ). Usg he mohly hedoc reurs of Seco II o esmae he covarao parameers h or hm ad he prce apprecao parameers h s sragh-
5 VOL. 100 NO. 2 LOCAL HOUSING MARKETS 5 forward. 4 Esmag e real yelds ı h s more dffcul, especally for houses occuped by homeowers raher ha reers. Foruaely, our srucural model of rsk prcg comes o he rescue. If we kow he rsk prces ad m, he esmaes of h, h ad hm allow us o esmae ı h. From equao (5) for house ype h (13) ı h D h C m hm h All we requre s ha rsk prces be defable. If H > M, he parameers h, h ad hm are defed. I follows from equaos (5) ha he rsk prces are defable provded we ca esmae e real yelds for M C1 housg ypes wh a leas oe locaed each meropola area. Esmag e real yelds for real properes s relavely easy. Furhermore, f houses of ype h are occuped by homeowers as well as reed, he he e real yeld mpued o homeowers mus equal he e real yeld eared by ladlords: all of he parameers of equao (5) excep ı h are he same, so he e real yelds mus also agree. Thus, wha we requre for defcao s M C 1 housg ypes for whch some houses are reed, a leas oe such ype for each meropola area. IV. Arbrage I s ofe assered ha arbrage prcg does o apply o housg markes because he majory of rasacos ake place bewee dvdual ower occupas ad he exsece of subsaal rasacos ad holdg coss lm he ably of oher vesors o ake advaage of arbrage opporues. Bu hs vew gores he fac ha a umber of sake-holders (baks, ladlords, developers, ad lad-owers) have clear facal eres he marke. The ecoomc decsos of hese sake-holders mpose dscple o he marke. The housg-relaed vesmes hey make compee wh alerave poeal vesmes ad cosequely face he same rsk prces. So he ladlord s problem dscples house prces segmes of he marke wh sgfca real acvy, owers of udeveloped lad ha mgh be developed dscple he reurs for properes already place, ad he 4 See our workg paper (2009) for deals. facal eress of baks dscple he offers buyers make o sellers. Complex owershp srucures arse may coexs. Fscher Black ad Myro Scholes (1973) ad Rober Mero (1974) proposed a smple model of corporae face whch sock s vewed as a call opo gvg equy-holders he rgh (bu o he oblgao) o ow he frm provded hey pay off he ousadg deb. The BSM model of corporae face seems a leas as releva o facg a house. Compared o corporaos, houses are raded very frequely, ad repea sales provde corol for asse heerogeey. Mos housg asses, perhaps eve hose owed by ladlords, are hghly leveraged, ad he deb s usually held by large suos. These suos are by far he larges sake-holders resdeal real esae, hey hold large porfolos of houses, ad hey have he ceve ad he power o make sure ha he asses backg hs deb are correcly prced. The fac ha hs deb has creasgly bee repackaged o morgage-backed secures ad (supposedly) hedged by cred-defaul swaps oly serves o reforce he vew ha housg markes are sophscaed asse markes. The rece marke collapse suggess ha our udersadg of how housg markes prce rsk s o as good as should be. Ths paper akes a sep oward mprovg ha udersadg. REFERENCES Bayer, Parck, Brya Ellckso ad Paul B. Ellckso Dyamc Asse Prcg a Sysem of Local Housg Markes, workg paper. Black, Fscher, ad Myro Scholes The Prcg of Opos ad Corporae Lables, Joural of Polcal Ecoomy 81(3): Case, Karl E., ad Rober J. Shller The Effcecy of he Marke for Sgle-Famly Homes, Amerca Ecoomc Revew 79(1): Duffe, Darrell Dyamc Asse Prcg Theory (Thrd Edo). Prceo Uversy Press, Prceo. Mero, Rober C O he Prcg of Corporae Deb: The Rsk Srucure of Ieres Raes, Joural of Face 29(2): Shreve, Seve E Sochasc Calculus for Face: II. Sprger-Verlag, New York.
The textbook expresses the stock price as the present discounted value of the dividend paid and the price of the stock next period.
ublc Affars 974 Meze D. Ch Fall Socal Sceces 748 Uversy of Wscos-Madso Sock rces, News ad he Effce Markes Hypohess (rev d //) The rese Value Model Approach o Asse rcg The exbook expresses he sock prce
More informationThe textbook expresses the stock price as the present discounted value of the dividend paid and the price of the stock next period.
coomcs 435 Meze. Ch Fall 07 Socal Sceces 748 Uversy of Wscos-Madso Sock rces, News ad he ffce Markes Hypohess The rese Value Model Approach o Asse rcg The exbook expresses he sock prce as he prese dscoued
More informationQuantitative Portfolio Theory & Performance Analysis
550.447 Quaave Porfolo heory & Performace Aalyss Week February 4 203 Coceps. Assgme For February 4 (hs Week) ead: A&L Chaper Iroduco & Chaper (PF Maageme Evrome) Chaper 2 ( Coceps) Seco (Basc eur Calculaos)
More informationIMPROVED PORTFOLIO OPTIMIZATION MODEL WITH TRANSACTION COST AND MINIMAL TRANSACTION LOTS
Vol.7 No.4 (200) p73-78 Joural of Maageme Scece & Sascal Decso IMPROVED PORTFOLIO OPTIMIZATION MODEL WITH TRANSACTION COST AND MINIMAL TRANSACTION LOTS TIANXIANG YAO AND ZAIWU GONG College of Ecoomcs &
More information14. Poisson Processes
4. Posso Processes I Lecure 4 we roduced Posso arrvals as he lmg behavor of Bomal radom varables. Refer o Posso approxmao of Bomal radom varables. From he dscusso here see 4-6-4-8 Lecure 4 " arrvals occur
More informationSynopsis of Various Rates of Return
Syopss of Varous Raes of Reur (Noe: Much of hs s ake from Cuhberso) I he world of face here are may dffere ypes of asses. Whe aalysg hese, a ecoomc sese, we aemp o characerse hem by reducg hem o some of
More informationThe Poisson Process Properties of the Poisson Process
Posso Processes Summary The Posso Process Properes of he Posso Process Ierarrval mes Memoryless propery ad he resdual lfeme paradox Superposo of Posso processes Radom seleco of Posso Pos Bulk Arrvals ad
More information(1) Cov(, ) E[( E( ))( E( ))]
Impac of Auocorrelao o OLS Esmaes ECON 3033/Evas Cosder a smple bvarae me-seres model of he form: y 0 x The four key assumpos abou ε hs model are ) E(ε ) = E[ε x ]=0 ) Var(ε ) =Var(ε x ) = ) Cov(ε, ε )
More informationMidterm Exam. Tuesday, September hour, 15 minutes
Ecoomcs of Growh, ECON560 Sa Fracsco Sae Uvers Mchael Bar Fall 203 Mderm Exam Tuesda, Sepember 24 hour, 5 mues Name: Isrucos. Ths s closed boo, closed oes exam. 2. No calculaors of a d are allowed. 3.
More informationContinuous Time Markov Chains
Couous me Markov chas have seay sae probably soluos f a oly f hey are ergoc, us lke scree me Markov chas. Fg he seay sae probably vecor for a couous me Markov cha s o more ffcul ha s he scree me case,
More informationDetermination of Antoine Equation Parameters. December 4, 2012 PreFEED Corporation Yoshio Kumagae. Introduction
refeed Soluos for R&D o Desg Deermao of oe Equao arameers Soluos for R&D o Desg December 4, 0 refeed orporao Yosho Kumagae refeed Iroduco hyscal propery daa s exremely mpora for performg process desg ad
More informationFORCED VIBRATION of MDOF SYSTEMS
FORCED VIBRAION of DOF SSES he respose of a N DOF sysem s govered by he marx equao of moo: ] u C] u K] u 1 h al codos u u0 ad u u 0. hs marx equao of moo represes a sysem of N smulaeous equaos u ad s me
More informationPartial Molar Properties of solutions
Paral Molar Properes of soluos A soluo s a homogeeous mxure; ha s, a soluo s a oephase sysem wh more ha oe compoe. A homogeeous mxures of wo or more compoes he gas, lqud or sold phase The properes of a
More informationPricing of CDO s Based on the Multivariate Wang Transform*
Prcg of DO s Based o he Mulvarae Wag Trasform* ASTIN 2009 olloquum @ Helsk 02 Jue 2009 Masaak Kma Tokyo Meropola versy/ Kyoo versy Emal: kma@mu.ac.p hp://www.comp.mu.ac.p/kmam * Jo Work wh Sh-ch Moomya
More informationChapter 8. Simple Linear Regression
Chaper 8. Smple Lear Regresso Regresso aalyss: regresso aalyss s a sascal mehodology o esmae he relaoshp of a respose varable o a se of predcor varable. whe here s jus oe predcor varable, we wll use smple
More informationThe Linear Regression Of Weighted Segments
The Lear Regresso Of Weghed Segmes George Dael Maeescu Absrac. We proposed a regresso model where he depede varable s made o up of pos bu segmes. Ths suao correspods o he markes hroughou he da are observed
More informationCyclone. Anti-cyclone
Adveco Cycloe A-cycloe Lorez (963) Low dmesoal aracors. Uclear f hey are a good aalogy o he rue clmae sysem, bu hey have some appealg characerscs. Dscusso Is he al codo balaced? Is here a al adjusme
More informationθ = θ Π Π Parametric counting process models θ θ θ Log-likelihood: Consider counting processes: Score functions:
Paramerc coug process models Cosder coug processes: N,,..., ha cou he occurreces of a eve of eres for dvduals Iesy processes: Lelhood λ ( ;,,..., N { } λ < Log-lelhood: l( log L( Score fucos: U ( l( log
More informationSolution. The straightforward approach is surprisingly difficult because one has to be careful about the limits.
ose ad Varably Homewor # (8), aswers Q: Power spera of some smple oses A Posso ose A Posso ose () s a sequee of dela-fuo pulses, eah ourrg depedely, a some rae r (More formally, s a sum of pulses of wdh
More informationPricing Asian Options with Fourier Convolution
Prcg Asa Opos wh Fourer Covoluo Cheg-Hsug Shu Deparme of Compuer Scece ad Iformao Egeerg Naoal Tawa Uversy Coes. Iroduco. Backgroud 3. The Fourer Covoluo Mehod 3. Seward ad Hodges facorzao 3. Re-ceerg
More information-distributed random variables consisting of n samples each. Determine the asymptotic confidence intervals for
Assgme Sepha Brumme Ocober 8h, 003 9 h semeser, 70544 PREFACE I 004, I ed o sped wo semesers o a sudy abroad as a posgraduae exchage sude a he Uversy of Techology Sydey, Ausrala. Each opporuy o ehace my
More informationQR factorization. Let P 1, P 2, P n-1, be matrices such that Pn 1Pn 2... PPA
QR facorzao Ay x real marx ca be wre as AQR, where Q s orhogoal ad R s upper ragular. To oba Q ad R, we use he Householder rasformao as follows: Le P, P, P -, be marces such ha P P... PPA ( R s upper ragular.
More information8. Queueing systems lect08.ppt S Introduction to Teletraffic Theory - Fall
8. Queueg sysems lec8. S-38.45 - Iroduco o Teleraffc Theory - Fall 8. Queueg sysems Coes Refresher: Smle eleraffc model M/M/ server wag laces M/M/ servers wag laces 8. Queueg sysems Smle eleraffc model
More informationInternational Journal Of Engineering And Computer Science ISSN: Volume 5 Issue 12 Dec. 2016, Page No.
www.jecs. Ieraoal Joural Of Egeerg Ad Compuer Scece ISSN: 19-74 Volume 5 Issue 1 Dec. 16, Page No. 196-1974 Sofware Relably Model whe mulple errors occur a a me cludg a faul correco process K. Harshchadra
More informationReal-Time Systems. Example: scheduling using EDF. Feasibility analysis for EDF. Example: scheduling using EDF
EDA/DIT6 Real-Tme Sysems, Chalmers/GU, 0/0 ecure # Updaed February, 0 Real-Tme Sysems Specfcao Problem: Assume a sysem wh asks accordg o he fgure below The mg properes of he asks are gve he able Ivesgae
More informationResearch on portfolio model based on information entropy theory
Avalable ole www.jocpr.com Joural of Chemcal ad Pharmaceucal esearch, 204, 6(6):286-290 esearch Arcle ISSN : 0975-7384 CODEN(USA) : JCPC5 esearch o porfolo model based o formao eropy heory Zhag Jusha,
More informationFundamentals of Speech Recognition Suggested Project The Hidden Markov Model
. Projec Iroduco Fudameals of Speech Recogo Suggesed Projec The Hdde Markov Model For hs projec, s proposed ha you desg ad mpleme a hdde Markov model (HMM) ha opmally maches he behavor of a se of rag sequeces
More information4. THE DENSITY MATRIX
4. THE DENSTY MATRX The desy marx or desy operaor s a alerae represeao of he sae of a quaum sysem for whch we have prevously used he wavefuco. Alhough descrbg a quaum sysem wh he desy marx s equvale o
More informationFinal Exam Applied Econometrics
Fal Eam Appled Ecoomercs. 0 Sppose we have he followg regresso resl: Depede Varable: SAT Sample: 437 Iclded observaos: 437 Whe heeroskedasc-cosse sadard errors & covarace Varable Coeffce Sd. Error -Sasc
More informationLeast Squares Fitting (LSQF) with a complicated function Theexampleswehavelookedatsofarhavebeenlinearintheparameters
Leas Squares Fg LSQF wh a complcaed fuco Theeampleswehavelookedasofarhavebeelearheparameers ha we have bee rg o deerme e.g. slope, ercep. For he case where he fuco s lear he parameers we ca fd a aalc soluo
More informationThe Mean Residual Lifetime of (n k + 1)-out-of-n Systems in Discrete Setting
Appled Mahemacs 4 5 466-477 Publshed Ole February 4 (hp//wwwscrporg/oural/am hp//dxdoorg/436/am45346 The Mea Resdual Lfeme of ( + -ou-of- Sysems Dscree Seg Maryam Torab Sahboom Deparme of Sascs Scece ad
More informationNOTE ON SIMPLE AND LOGARITHMIC RETURN
Appled udes Agrbusess ad Commerce AAC Ceer-r ublshg House, Debrece DOI:.94/AAC/27/-2/6 CIENIFIC AE NOE ON IME AND OGAIHMIC EUN aa Mskolcz Uversy of Debrece, Isue of Accoug ad Face mskolczpaa@gmal.com Absrac:
More informationLecture 3 Topic 2: Distributions, hypothesis testing, and sample size determination
Lecure 3 Topc : Drbuo, hypohe eg, ad ample ze deermao The Sude - drbuo Coder a repeaed drawg of ample of ze from a ormal drbuo of mea. For each ample, compue,,, ad aoher ac,, where: The ac he devao of
More informationOptimal Eye Movement Strategies in Visual Search (Supplement)
Opmal Eye Moveme Sraeges Vsual Search (Suppleme) Jr Naemk ad Wlso S. Gesler Ceer for Percepual Sysems ad Deparme of Psychology, Uversy of exas a Aus, Aus X 787 Here we derve he deal searcher for he case
More informationFALL HOMEWORK NO. 6 - SOLUTION Problem 1.: Use the Storage-Indication Method to route the Input hydrograph tabulated below.
Jorge A. Ramírez HOMEWORK NO. 6 - SOLUTION Problem 1.: Use he Sorage-Idcao Mehod o roue he Ipu hydrograph abulaed below. Tme (h) Ipu Hydrograph (m 3 /s) Tme (h) Ipu Hydrograph (m 3 /s) 0 0 90 450 6 50
More informationKey words: Fractional difference equation, oscillatory solutions,
OSCILLATION PROPERTIES OF SOLUTIONS OF FRACTIONAL DIFFERENCE EQUATIONS Musafa BAYRAM * ad Ayd SECER * Deparme of Compuer Egeerg, Isabul Gelsm Uversy Deparme of Mahemacal Egeerg, Yldz Techcal Uversy * Correspodg
More informationFault Tolerant Computing. Fault Tolerant Computing CS 530 Probabilistic methods: overview
Probably 1/19/ CS 53 Probablsc mehods: overvew Yashwa K. Malaya Colorado Sae Uversy 1 Probablsc Mehods: Overvew Cocree umbers presece of uceray Probably Dsjo eves Sascal depedece Radom varables ad dsrbuos
More informationInvestor Sentiment and the Asset Pricing Process Extension of an Existing Model
Joural of Appled Busess ad Ecoomcs Ivesor Seme ad he Asse Prcg Process Exeso of a Exsg Model Doa G. Vlad Seo Hll Uversy Commo aspecs of huma behavor, lke overcofdece or mscocepos updag belefs, mgh fluece
More informationSolution set Stat 471/Spring 06. Homework 2
oluo se a 47/prg 06 Homework a Whe he upper ragular elemes are suppressed due o smmer b Le Y Y Y Y A weep o he frs colum o oba: A ˆ b chagg he oao eg ad ec YY weep o he secod colum o oba: Aˆ YY weep o
More informationLeast squares and motion. Nuno Vasconcelos ECE Department, UCSD
Leas squares ad moo uo Vascocelos ECE Deparme UCSD Pla for oda oda we wll dscuss moo esmao hs s eresg wo was moo s ver useful as a cue for recogo segmeao compresso ec. s a grea eample of leas squares problem
More informationAML710 CAD LECTURE 12 CUBIC SPLINE CURVES. Cubic Splines Matrix formulation Normalised cubic splines Alternate end conditions Parabolic blending
CUIC SLINE CURVES Cubc Sples Marx formulao Normalsed cubc sples Alerae ed codos arabolc bledg AML7 CAD LECTURE CUIC SLINE The ame sple comes from he physcal srume sple drafsme use o produce curves A geeral
More informationMoments of Order Statistics from Nonidentically Distributed Three Parameters Beta typei and Erlang Truncated Exponential Variables
Joural of Mahemacs ad Sascs 6 (4): 442-448, 200 SSN 549-3644 200 Scece Publcaos Momes of Order Sascs from Nodecally Dsrbued Three Parameers Bea ype ad Erlag Trucaed Expoeal Varables A.A. Jamoom ad Z.A.
More informationVARIATIONAL ITERATION METHOD FOR DELAY DIFFERENTIAL-ALGEBRAIC EQUATIONS. Hunan , China,
Mahemacal ad Compuaoal Applcaos Vol. 5 No. 5 pp. 834-839. Assocao for Scefc Research VARIATIONAL ITERATION METHOD FOR DELAY DIFFERENTIAL-ALGEBRAIC EQUATIONS Hoglag Lu Aguo Xao Yogxag Zhao School of Mahemacs
More informationReal-time Classification of Large Data Sets using Binary Knapsack
Real-me Classfcao of Large Daa Ses usg Bary Kapsack Reao Bru bru@ds.uroma. Uversy of Roma La Sapeza AIRO 004-35h ANNUAL CONFERENCE OF THE ITALIAN OPERATIONS RESEARCH Sepember 7-0, 004, Lecce, Ialy Oule
More informationMixed Integral Equation of Contact Problem in Position and Time
Ieraoal Joural of Basc & Appled Sceces IJBAS-IJENS Vol: No: 3 ed Iegral Equao of Coac Problem Poso ad me. A. Abdou S. J. oaquel Deparme of ahemacs Faculy of Educao Aleadra Uversy Egyp Deparme of ahemacs
More informationFor the plane motion of a rigid body, an additional equation is needed to specify the state of rotation of the body.
The kecs of rgd bodes reas he relaoshps bewee he exeral forces acg o a body ad he correspodg raslaoal ad roaoal moos of he body. he kecs of he parcle, we foud ha wo force equaos of moo were requred o defe
More informationSYRIAN SEISMIC CODE :
SYRIAN SEISMIC CODE 2004 : Two sac mehods have bee ssued Syra buldg code 2004 o calculae he laeral sesmc forces he buldg. The Frs Sac Mehod: I s he same mehod he prevous code (995) wh few modfcaos. I s
More informationCOMPARISON OF ESTIMATORS OF PARAMETERS FOR THE RAYLEIGH DISTRIBUTION
COMPARISON OF ESTIMATORS OF PARAMETERS FOR THE RAYLEIGH DISTRIBUTION Eldesoky E. Affy. Faculy of Eg. Shbee El kom Meoufa Uv. Key word : Raylegh dsrbuo, leas squares mehod, relave leas squares, leas absolue
More informationQuantum Mechanics II Lecture 11 Time-dependent perturbation theory. Time-dependent perturbation theory (degenerate or non-degenerate starting state)
Pro. O. B. Wrgh, Auum Quaum Mechacs II Lecure Tme-depede perurbao heory Tme-depede perurbao heory (degeerae or o-degeerae sarg sae) Cosder a sgle parcle whch, s uperurbed codo wh Hamloa H, ca exs a superposo
More informationThe Bernstein Operational Matrix of Integration
Appled Mahemacal Sceces, Vol. 3, 29, o. 49, 2427-2436 he Berse Operaoal Marx of Iegrao Am K. Sgh, Vee K. Sgh, Om P. Sgh Deparme of Appled Mahemacs Isue of echology, Baaras Hdu Uversy Varaas -225, Ida Asrac
More informationThe Signal, Variable System, and Transformation: A Personal Perspective
The Sgal Varable Syem ad Traformao: A Peroal Perpecve Sherv Erfa 35 Eex Hall Faculy of Egeerg Oule Of he Talk Iroduco Mahemacal Repreeao of yem Operaor Calculu Traformao Obervao O Laplace Traform SSB A
More informationBrownian Motion and Stochastic Calculus. Brownian Motion and Stochastic Calculus
Browa Moo Sochasc Calculus Xogzh Che Uversy of Hawa a Maoa earme of Mahemacs Seember, 8 Absrac Ths oe s abou oob decomoso he bascs of Suare egrable margales Coes oob-meyer ecomoso Suare Iegrable Margales
More informationModel for Optimal Management of the Spare Parts Stock at an Irregular Distribution of Spare Parts
Joural of Evromeal cece ad Egeerg A 7 (08) 8-45 do:0.765/6-598/08.06.00 D DAVID UBLIHING Model for Opmal Maageme of he pare ars ock a a Irregular Dsrbuo of pare ars veozar Madzhov Fores Research Isue,
More informationComparison of the Bayesian and Maximum Likelihood Estimation for Weibull Distribution
Joural of Mahemacs ad Sascs 6 (2): 1-14, 21 ISSN 1549-3644 21 Scece Publcaos Comarso of he Bayesa ad Maxmum Lkelhood Esmao for Webull Dsrbuo Al Omar Mohammed Ahmed, Hadeel Salm Al-Kuub ad Noor Akma Ibrahm
More informationLinear Regression Linear Regression with Shrinkage
Lear Regresso Lear Regresso h Shrkage Iroduco Regresso meas predcg a couous (usuall scalar oupu from a vecor of couous pus (feaures x. Example: Predcg vehcle fuel effcec (mpg from 8 arbues: Lear Regresso
More informationDepartment of Economics University of Toronto
Deparmen of Economcs Unversy of Torono ECO408F M.A. Economercs Lecure Noes on Heeroskedascy Heeroskedascy o Ths lecure nvolves lookng a modfcaons we need o make o deal wh he regresson model when some of
More informationAsymptotic Behavior of Solutions of Nonlinear Delay Differential Equations With Impulse
P a g e Vol Issue7Ver,oveber Global Joural of Scece Froer Research Asypoc Behavor of Soluos of olear Delay Dffereal Equaos Wh Ipulse Zhag xog GJSFR Classfcao - F FOR 3 Absrac Ths paper sudes he asypoc
More informationStability Criterion for BAM Neural Networks of Neutral- Type with Interval Time-Varying Delays
Avalable ole a www.scecedrec.com Proceda Egeerg 5 (0) 86 80 Advaced Corol Egeergad Iformao Scece Sably Crero for BAM Neural Neworks of Neural- ype wh Ierval me-varyg Delays Guoqua Lu a* Smo X. Yag ab a
More informationRELIABILITY AND CREDIT RISK MODELS
Chaper 8 RELIABILITY AND CREDIT RIK MODEL I hs chaper, he reader wll frs fd a shor summary of he basc oos of relably ad he he sem-markov exesos. Afer ha, he classcal problem of cred rsk s also preseed
More informationFACULTY OF APPLIED ECONOMICS
FACULTY OF APPLIED ECONOMICS DEPARTMENT OF ECONOMICS Reveue sharg ad ower profs professoal eam spors Sefa Késee RESEARCH PAPER 005-08 November 005 Uversy of Awerp, Prssraa 13, B-000 ANTWERP, Belgum Research
More informationCommon MidPoint (CMP) Records and Stacking
Evromeal ad Explorao Geophyscs II Commo MdPo (CMP) Records ad Sackg om.h.wlso om.wlso@mal.wvu.edu Deparme of Geology ad Geography Wes rga Uversy Morgaow, W Commo Mdpo (CMP) gaher, also ofe referred o as
More informationVoltage Sensitivity Analysis in MV Distribution Networks
Proceedgs of he 6h WSEAS/IASME I. Cof. o Elecrc Power Sysems, Hgh olages, Elecrc Maches, Teerfe, Spa, December 6-8, 2006 34 olage Sesvy Aalyss M Dsrbuo Neworks S. CONTI, A.M. GRECO, S. RAITI Dparmeo d
More informationSolving fuzzy linear programming problems with piecewise linear membership functions by the determination of a crisp maximizing decision
Frs Jo Cogress o Fuzzy ad Iellge Sysems Ferdows Uversy of Mashhad Ira 9-3 Aug 7 Iellge Sysems Scefc Socey of Ira Solvg fuzzy lear programmg problems wh pecewse lear membershp fucos by he deermao of a crsp
More informationGeneral Complex Fuzzy Transformation Semigroups in Automata
Joural of Advaces Compuer Research Quarerly pissn: 345-606x eissn: 345-6078 Sar Brach Islamc Azad Uversy Sar IRIra Vol 7 No May 06 Pages: 7-37 wwwacrausaracr Geeral Complex uzzy Trasformao Semgroups Auomaa
More informationTHE TAXATION OF DISCRETE INVESTMENT CHOICES
THE TAXATION OF DISCRETE INVESTMENT CHOICES Mchael P. Devereux Rachel Grffh REVISION 2 THE INSTITUTE FOR FISCAL STUDIES Workg Paper Seres No. W98/6 The axao of dscree vesme choces Mchael P. Devereux Warwck
More informationDensity estimation III. Linear regression.
Lecure 6 Mlos Hauskrec mlos@cs.p.eu 539 Seo Square Des esmao III. Lear regresso. Daa: Des esmao D { D D.. D} D a vecor of arbue values Obecve: r o esmae e uerlg rue probabl srbuo over varables X px usg
More informationContinuous Indexed Variable Systems
Ieraoal Joural o Compuaoal cece ad Mahemacs. IN 0974-389 Volume 3, Number 4 (20), pp. 40-409 Ieraoal Research Publcao House hp://www.rphouse.com Couous Idexed Varable ysems. Pouhassa ad F. Mohammad ghjeh
More informationSolution of Impulsive Differential Equations with Boundary Conditions in Terms of Integral Equations
Joural of aheacs ad copuer Scece (4 39-38 Soluo of Ipulsve Dffereal Equaos wh Boudary Codos Ters of Iegral Equaos Arcle hsory: Receved Ocober 3 Acceped February 4 Avalable ole July 4 ohse Rabba Depare
More informationOther Topics in Kernel Method Statistical Inference with Reproducing Kernel Hilbert Space
Oher Topcs Kerel Mehod Sascal Iferece wh Reproducg Kerel Hlber Space Kej Fukumzu Isue of Sascal Mahemacs, ROIS Deparme of Sascal Scece, Graduae Uversy for Advaced Sudes Sepember 6, 008 / Sascal Learg Theory
More informationGlobal Financial Management
- - Global Facal Maaeme Dscou ad Prese alue Techques opyrh 999 by Ers Mau. All rhs reserved. No par of hs lecure may be reproduced whou he permsso of he auhor.. Overvew Las Revso: Sepember 9, 999 I hs
More informationSome Probability Inequalities for Quadratic Forms of Negatively Dependent Subgaussian Random Variables
Joural of Sceces Islamc epublc of Ira 6(: 63-67 (005 Uvers of ehra ISSN 06-04 hp://scecesuacr Some Probabl Iequales for Quadrac Forms of Negavel Depede Subgaussa adom Varables M Am A ozorga ad H Zare 3
More informationAnalyzing Target Redemption Forward Contracts under Lévy Process
Ieraoal Research Joural of Face ad Ecoomcs ISSN 450-887 Issue 65 Jauary, 08 hp://www.eraoalresearchjouraloffaceadecoomcs.com Aalyzg Targe Redempo Forward Coracs uder Lévy Process Jerry T. Yag Assocae professor
More informationProbability Bracket Notation and Probability Modeling. Xing M. Wang Sherman Visual Lab, Sunnyvale, CA 94087, USA. Abstract
Probably Bracke Noao ad Probably Modelg Xg M. Wag Sherma Vsual Lab, Suyvale, CA 94087, USA Absrac Ispred by he Drac oao, a ew se of symbols, he Probably Bracke Noao (PBN) s proposed for probably modelg.
More informationLecture 7. Confidence Intervals and Hypothesis Tests in the Simple CLR Model
Lecture 7. Cofdece Itervals ad Hypothess Tests the Smple CLR Model I lecture 6 we troduced the Classcal Lear Regresso (CLR) model that s the radom expermet of whch the data Y,,, K, are the outcomes. The
More informationAs evident from the full-sample-model, we continue to assume that individual errors are identically and
Maxmum Lkelhood smao Greee Ch.4; App. R scrp modsa, modsb If we feel safe makg assumpos o he sascal dsrbuo of he error erm, Maxmum Lkelhood smao (ML) s a aracve alerave o Leas Squares for lear regresso
More informationThe Optimal Combination Forecasting Based on ARIMA,VAR and SSM
Advaces Compuer, Sgals ad Sysems (206) : 3-7 Clausus Scefc Press, Caada The Opmal Combao Forecasg Based o ARIMA,VAR ad SSM Bebe Che,a, Mgya Jag,b* School of Iformao Scece ad Egeerg, Shadog Uversy, Ja,
More informationThe algebraic immunity of a class of correlation immune H Boolean functions
Ieraoal Coferece o Advaced Elecroc Scece ad Techology (AEST 06) The algebrac mmuy of a class of correlao mmue H Boolea fucos a Jgla Huag ad Zhuo Wag School of Elecrcal Egeerg Norhwes Uversy for Naoales
More informationThe ray paths and travel times for multiple layers can be computed using ray-tracing, as demonstrated in Lab 3.
C. Trael me cures for mulple reflecors The ray pahs ad rael mes for mulple layers ca be compued usg ray-racg, as demosraed Lab. MATLAB scrp reflec_layers_.m performs smple ray racg. (m) ref(ms) ref(ms)
More informationA Hybrid Model for Estimation of Volatility of Call Option Price Using Particle Filter
IJCSI Ieraoal Joural of Compuer Scece Issues, Vol. 9, Issue 4, o, July 0 ISS (Ole: 694-084 www.ijcsi.org 459 A Hybrd Model for Esmao of Volaly of Call Opo Prce Usg Parcle Fler Sul Kumar Dhal, Prof.( Dr.
More informationExam Supply Chain Management January 17, 2008
Exam Supply Cha Maageme Jauary 7, 008 IMPORTANT GUIELINES: The exam s closed book. Sudes may use a calculaor. The formularum s aached a he back of he assgme budle. Please wre your aswers o he blak pages
More informationCyclically Interval Total Colorings of Cycles and Middle Graphs of Cycles
Ope Joural of Dsree Mahemas 2017 7 200-217 hp://wwwsrporg/joural/ojdm ISSN Ole: 2161-7643 ISSN Pr: 2161-7635 Cylally Ierval Toal Colorgs of Cyles Mddle Graphs of Cyles Yogqag Zhao 1 Shju Su 2 1 Shool of
More informationEE 6885 Statistical Pattern Recognition
EE 6885 Sascal Paer Recogo Fall 005 Prof. Shh-Fu Chag hp://www.ee.columba.edu/~sfchag Lecure 5 (9//05 4- Readg Model Parameer Esmao ML Esmao, Chap. 3. Mure of Gaussa ad EM Referece Boo, HTF Chap. 8.5 Teboo,
More informationHedging default risks of CDOs in Markovian contagion models
Hedgg defaul rss of CDOs Marova coago models J.-P. Laure, A. Cous, J-D. Fermaa May 27 Absrac We descrbe a hedgg sraegy of CDO raches based upo dyamc radg of he correspodg cred defaul swap dex. We rely
More informationAssessing Normality. Assessing Normality. Assessing Normality. Assessing Normality. Normal Probability Plot for Normal Distribution.
Assessg Normaly No All Couous Radom Varables are Normally Dsrbued I s Impora o Evaluae how Well he Daa Se Seems o be Adequaely Approxmaed by a Normal Dsrbuo Cosruc Chars Assessg Normaly For small- or moderae-szed
More informationMultiphase Flow Simulation Based on Unstructured Grid
200 Tuoral School o Flud Dyamcs: Topcs Turbulece Uversy of Marylad, May 24-28, 200 Oule Bacgroud Mulphase Flow Smulao Based o Usrucured Grd Bubble Pacg Mehod mehod Based o he Usrucured Grd Remar B CHEN,
More informationUse of Non-Conventional Measures of Dispersion for Improved Estimation of Population Mean
Amerca Joural of Operaoal esearch 06 6(: 69-75 DOI: 0.59/.aor.06060.0 Use of o-coveoal Measures of Dsperso for Improve Esmao of Populao Mea ubhash Kumar aav.. Mshra * Alok Kumar hukla hak Kumar am agar
More informationGLOBAL FINANCIAL TRANSMISSION OF MONETARY POLICY SHOCKS
GLOBAL FINANCIAL TRANSMISSION OF MONETARY POLICY SHOCKS MICHAEL EHRMANN MARCEL FRATZSCHER CESIFO WORKING PAPER NO. 1710 CATEGORY 6: MONETARY POLICY AND INTERNATIONAL FINANCE MAY 2006 PRESENTED AT CESIFO
More informationBianchi Type II Stiff Fluid Tilted Cosmological Model in General Relativity
Ieraoal Joural of Mahemacs esearch. IN 0976-50 Volume 6, Number (0), pp. 6-7 Ieraoal esearch Publcao House hp://www.rphouse.com Bach ype II ff Flud led Cosmologcal Model Geeral elay B. L. Meea Deparme
More informationarxiv: v2 [cs.lg] 19 Dec 2016
1 Sasfcg mul-armed bad problems Paul Reverdy, Vabhav Srvasava, ad Naom Ehrch Leoard arxv:1512.07638v2 [cs.lg] 19 Dec 2016 Absrac Sasfcg s a relaxao of maxmzg ad allows for less rsky decso makg he face
More informationEnhanced least squares Monte Carlo method for real-time decision optimizations for evolving natural hazards
Dowloaded from orbdudk o: Ja 4 29 Ehaced leas squares Moe Carlo mehod for real-me decso opmzaos for evolvg aural hazards Aders Ae; Nshjma Kazuyosh Publcao dae: 22 Lk back o DTU Orb Cao (APA): Aders A &
More informationA New Algorithm about Market Demand Prediction of Automobile
Ieraoal Joural of areg Sudes; Vol. 6, No. 4; 04 ISSN 98-79X E-ISSN 98-703 Publshed by Caada Ceer of Scece ad Educao A New Algorhm abou are Demad Predco of Auomoble Zhmg Zhu, Tao Che & Tamao She Busess
More informationSynchronization of Complex Network System with Time-Varying Delay Via Periodically Intermittent Control
Sychrozao of Complex ework Sysem wh me-varyg Delay Va Perodcally Ierme Corol JIAG Ya Deparme of Elecrcal ad Iformao Egeerg Hua Elecrcal College of echology Xaga 4, Cha Absrac he sychrozao corol problem
More informationFully Fuzzy Linear Systems Solving Using MOLP
World Appled Sceces Joural 12 (12): 2268-2273, 2011 ISSN 1818-4952 IDOSI Publcaos, 2011 Fully Fuzzy Lear Sysems Solvg Usg MOLP Tofgh Allahvraloo ad Nasser Mkaelvad Deparme of Mahemacs, Islamc Azad Uversy,
More informationAvailable online Journal of Scientific and Engineering Research, 2014, 1(1): Research Article
Avalable ole wwwjsaercom Joural o Scec ad Egeerg Research, 0, ():0-9 Research Arcle ISSN: 39-630 CODEN(USA): JSERBR NEW INFORMATION INEUALITIES ON DIFFERENCE OF GENERALIZED DIVERGENCES AND ITS APPLICATION
More informationAsymptotic Regional Boundary Observer in Distributed Parameter Systems via Sensors Structures
Sesors,, 37-5 sesors ISSN 44-8 by MDPI hp://www.mdp.e/sesors Asympoc Regoal Boudary Observer Dsrbued Parameer Sysems va Sesors Srucures Raheam Al-Saphory Sysems Theory Laboraory, Uversy of Perpga, 5, aveue
More informationNature and Science, 5(1), 2007, Han and Xu, Multi-variable Grey Model based on Genetic Algorithm and its Application in Urban Water Consumption
Naure ad Scece, 5, 7, Ha ad u, ul-varable Grey odel based o Geec Algorhm ad s Applcao Urba Waer Cosumpo ul-varable Grey odel based o Geec Algorhm ad s Applcao Urba Waer Cosumpo Ha Ya*, u Shguo School of
More informationENGINEERING solutions to decision-making problems are
3788 IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON AUTOMATIC CONTROL, VOL. 62, NO. 8, AUGUST 2017 Sasfcg Mul-Armed Bad Problems Paul Reverdy, Member, IEEE, Vabhav Srvasava, ad Naom Ehrch Leoard, Fellow, IEEE Absrac Sasfcg s a
More informationUNIVERSITAT AUTÒNOMA DE BARCELONA MARCH 2017 EXAMINATION
INTERNATIONAL TRADE T. J. KEHOE UNIVERSITAT AUTÒNOMA DE BARCELONA MARCH 27 EXAMINATION Please answer wo of he hree quesons. You can consul class noes, workng papers, and arcles whle you are workng on he
More informationRedundancy System Fault Sampling Under Imperfect Maintenance
A publcao of CHEMICAL EGIEERIG TRASACTIOS VOL. 33, 03 Gues Edors: Erco Zo, Pero Barald Copyrgh 03, AIDIC Servz S.r.l., ISB 978-88-95608-4-; ISS 974-979 The Iala Assocao of Chemcal Egeerg Ole a: www.adc./ce
More informationStabilization of LTI Switched Systems with Input Time Delay. Engineering Letters, 14:2, EL_14_2_14 (Advance online publication: 16 May 2007) Lin Lin
Egeerg Leers, 4:2, EL_4_2_4 (Advace ole publcao: 6 May 27) Sablzao of LTI Swched Sysems wh Ipu Tme Delay L L Absrac Ths paper deals wh sablzao of LTI swched sysems wh pu me delay. A descrpo of sysems sablzao
More information