CHAPTER 5. Chapter 5, Energy
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1 CHAPTER 5 2. A very light cart holding a 300-N box is moved at constant velocity across a 15-m level surface. What is the net work done in the process? a. zero b. 1/20 J c. 20 J d J 4. An rock is thrown straight up with an initial velocity of 15.0 m/s. Ignore energy lost to air friction. How high will the rock rise? a m b m c m d m 6. A professional skier reaches a speed of 56 m/s on a 30 ski slope. Ignoring friction, what was the minimum distance along the slope the skier would have had to travel, starting from rest? a. 110 m b. 160 m c. 320 m d. 640 m 7. A 50-N crate is pulled up a 5-m inclined plane by a worker at constant velocity. If the plane is inclined at an angle of 37 to the horizontal and there exists a constant frictional force of 10 N between the crate and the surface, what is the force applied by the worker? a. zero b. 20 N c. 30 N d. 40 N 8. Adisa pulls a 40-N crate up a 5.0-m long inclined plane at a constant velocity. If the plane is inclined at an angle of 37 to the horizontal and there is a constant force of friction of 10 N between the crate and the surface, what is the net change in potential energy of the crate? a. 120 J b. 120 J c. 200 J d. 200 J 48
2 9. A 20-N crate starting at rest slides down a rough 5.0-m long ramp, inclined at 25 with the horizontal. 20 J of energy is lost to friction. What will be the speed of the crate at the bottom of the incline? a m/s b. 1.9 m/s c. 3.2 m/s d. 4.7 m/s 13. The rate at which work is done is equivalent to which of the following? a. increase in potential energy b. thermal energy c. potential energy d. power 20. A worker pushes a sled with a force of 40 N over a level distance of 6.0 m. If a frictional force of 24 N acts on the wheelbarrow in a direction opposite to that of the worker, what net work is done on the wheelbarrow? a. 240 J b. 216 J c. 144 J d. 96 J 22. Preston pushes a wheelbarrow weighing 500 N to the top of a 50.0-m ramp, inclined at 20.0 with the horizontal, and leaves it. Tamara accidentally bumps the wheelbarrow. It slides back down the ramp, during which an 80.0-N frictional force acts on it over the 50.0 m. What is the wheelbarrow s kinetic energy at the bottom at of the ramp? (g = 9.8 m/s 2 ) a J b J c J d J 25. A 10.0-kg box starts at rest and slides 3.5 m down a ramp inclined at an angle of 10 with the horizontal. If there is no friction between the ramp surface and crate, what is the velocity of the crate at the bottom of the ramp? (g = 9.8 m/s 2 ) a. 6.1 m/s b. 3.5 m/s c m/s d. 8.3 m/s 49
3 26. A pile driver drives a post into the ground. The mass of the pile driver is kg and it is dropped through a height of 8.0 m on each stroke. If the resisting force of the ground is N, how far is the post driven in on each stroke? a. 4.9 cm b. 9.8 cm c. 16 cm d. 49 cm 27. A kg ore car rolls 50.0 m down a frictionless 10.0 incline. If there is a horizontal spring at the end of the incline, what spring constant is required to stop the ore car in a distance of 1.00 m? a. 340 kn/m b. 681 kn/m c. 980 kn/m d kn/m 28. An amount of work equal to 1.5 J is required to compress the spring in a spring-gun. What is the launch speed of a 15-g marble? a. 14 m/s b. 15 m/s c. 18 m/s d. 21 m/s 50
4 31. A horizontal force of 200 N is applied to a 55-kg cart across a 10-m level surface. If the cart accelerates at 2.0 m/s 2, then what force of friction acts to retard the motion of the cart? a. 110 N b. 90 N c. 80 N d. 70 N 32. A baseball catcher puts on an exhibition by catching a 0.15-kg ball dropped from a helicopter at a height of 101 m. What is the speed of the ball just before it hits the catcher s glove 1.0 m above the ground? (g = 9.8 m/s 2 and ignore air resistance.) a. 44 m/s b. 38 m/s c. 31 m/s d. 22 m/s 33. A baseball catcher puts on an exhibition by catching a kg ball dropped from a helicopter at a height of 100 m above the catcher. If the catcher "gives" with the ball for a distance of m while catching it, what average force is exerted on the mitt by the ball? (g = 9.80 m/s 2 ) a. 78 N b. 119 N c. 196 N d. 392 N 51
5 34. A simple pendulum, 1.00 m in length, is released from rest when the support string is at an angle of 35.0 from the vertical. What is the speed of the suspended mass at the bottom of the swing? (Ignore air resistance, g = 9.80 m/s 2 ) a m/s b m/s c m/s d m/s 35. A simple pendulum, 2.0 m in length, is released with a push when the support string is at an angle of 25 from the vertical. If the initial speed of the suspended mass is 1.2 m/s when at the release point, what is its speed at the bottom of the swing? (g = 9.8 m/s 2 ) a. 2.3 m/s b. 2.6 m/s c. 2.0 m/s d. 0.5 m/s 36. A simple pendulum, 2.0 m in length, is released by a push when the support string is at an angle of 25 from the vertical. If the initial speed of the suspended mass is 1.2 m/s when at the release point, to what maximum angle will it move in the second half of its swing? a. 37 b. 30 c. 27 d A golf ball hits a wall and bounces back at 3/4 the original speed. What part of the original kinetic energy of the ball did it lose in the collision? a. 1/4 b. 3/8 c. 7/16 d. 9/ If both mass and velocity of a ball are tripled, the kinetic energy is increased by a factor of: a. 3 b. 6 c. 9 d
6 46. A girl and her bicycle have a total mass of 40.0 kg. At the top of the hill her speed is 5.0 m/s and her speed doubles as she rides down the hill. The hill is 10.0 m high and 100 m long. How much kinetic energy and potential energy is lost to friction? a J b J c J d J 47. A girl and her bicycle have a total mass of 40 kg. At the top of the hill her speed is 5.0 m/s. The hill is 10 m high and 100 m long. If the force of friction as she rides down the hill is 20 N, what is her speed at the bottom? a. 5.0 m/s b. 10 m/s c. 11 m/s d. She stops before she reaches the bottom. 48. Old Faithful geyser in Yellowstone Park shoots water hourly to a height of 40 m. With what velocity does the water leave the ground? a. 7.0 m/s b. 14 m/s c. 20 m/s d. 28 m/s 53
7 50. A kg automobile moving at 25 m/s has the brakes applied with a deceleration of 8.0 m/s 2. How far does the car travel before it stops? a. 39 m b. 47 m c. 55 m d. 63 m 54. A speed boat requires 80 kw to move at a constant speed of 15 m/s. What is the resistive force of the water at this speed? a N b N c N d N 55. A pole vaulter clears 6.00 m. With what speed does he strike the mat in the landing area? a m/s b m/s c m/s d m/s 56. A parachutist of mass 50.0 kg jumps out of an airplane at a height of m. The parachute deploys, and she lands on the ground with a speed of 5.0 m/s. How much energy was lost to air friction during this jump? a J b J c J d J 61. A satellite is held in orbit by a N gravitational force. Each time the satellite completes an orbit of circumference km, the work done on it by gravity is a. 1.6 x 10 8 J b. 1.6 x J c. 6.4 x J d A 100-W light bulb is left on for 10.0 hours. Over this period of time, how much energy was used by the bulb? a J b J c J d hp 54
8 CHAPTER 5 - ANSWERS # Ans Difficulty # Ans Difficulty 1. C D 2 2. A A 2 3. D B 2 4. D C 2 5. A D 2 6. C D 2 7. D C 1 8. A C 1 9. D D C A D C A C D A D C B D D D D A B A C B D C D B A C C D D A B C A D A C A D B C C A B B A C C C 1 55
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