PHYSICS 149: Lecture 5

Size: px
Start display at page:

Download "PHYSICS 149: Lecture 5"

Transcription

1 PHYSICS 149: Lecture 5 Chapter.5 Newton s Third Law.6 Gravitational Forces.7 Contact Forces: Normal Force and Friction 1

2 Newton s Third Law All forces come in pairs Third law forces involve TWO OBJECTS. The two forces are: the force object one exerts on object two the force object two exerts on object one Three ways to state t the 3rd law: Forces on each other are equal and opposite For every action there is an equal and opposite reaction You can t push on something without it pushing back on you

3 Newton s Third Law of Motion In an interaction between two objects, each object exerts a force on the other. These two forces are equal in magnitude and opposite in direction. To every action, there is always opposed an equal reaction. Forces always come in equal but opposite actionreaction pair. Note that these two forces act on different objects; they do not cancel in any way. Don t forget that forces always exist in pairs. 3

4 Free Body Diagram (FBD) A simplified sketch of a single object with force vectors drawn to represent every force acting on that object. (It must not include any forces that act on other objects.) FBD is useful to find the net force acting on an object. 4

5 Internal and External Forces Internal Forces: Forces which act on one part of an object by another part of the same object External Forces: Forces which act on an object by some other object. Net force on a system = vector sum of internal forces + vector sum of external forces But, vector sum of internal forces is zero because, from Newton s third law, internal forces will occur in equal and opposite pairs and so they contribute nothing to the sum. They never influence the system s motion. Eventually, net force on a system = vector sum of external forces only. We need to consider external forces only in order to describe the motion of the system. 5

6 Examples Net force on a baseball = interaction with the Earth (gravity) + interaction with a bat + interaction ti with the air + interactions among protons, neutrons, and electrons in it External forces: what we need to consider Internal Forces: their vector sum is zero I am hit by myself (internal forces) and other person (external forces). I am pushed due to external forces only. Internal forces do not make any contribution. 6

7 Pushing a Stalled Car Two people are pushing a stalled car. The mass of the car is 000kg. One person applied a force of 300 N, the other 400N. Friction opposes this motion with a force of 600N. What is the acceleration of the car: F c,man1 F c,man y F cg =f x ΣF = + 600N 300N 400N ΣF = 100N a = ΣF m 100N m = = kg s 7

8 A FBD for Every Situation A skydiver is descending di with a constant velocity. eocty A force is applied to the right to drag a sled across loosely-packed l snow with a rightward acceleration. A car is coasting to the right and slowing down A football is moving upwards towards its peak after having been booted by the punter. 8

9 ILQ 1 When a car accelerates from rest, what force causes the acceleration of the car? A) The rotating engine on the drive shaft B) The force of the axel on the tires C) The friction force of the road on the tires 9

10 ILQ A person is standing on a bathroom scale. Which of these is not a force exerted on the scale? A) a contact force due to the feet of the person B) the weight of the person C) a contact force due to the floor D) the weight of the scale 10

11 Newton s Law of Universal Gravitation F 1 F 1 m 1 m r The magnitude of gravitational force is: (= F 1 = F 1 ) where G = Nm /kg (universal gravitational constant) Note: m 1 and m need to be in kg, and r needs to be in m. The direction of gravitational ti force is: each object is pulled toward the other s center (attractive force) on line connecting the masses; always attractive very weak, but this holds the universe together! 11

12 Comparison with EM Force F q,1 F 1, r r 1 F 1, = force on q 1 due to q = kq 1 q = F,1 = force on q due to q 1 Direction: on line connecting the masses; can be attractive or repulsive k = universal constant = 8.99 x 10 9 N-m /c e e q 1 r 1 Fgravity ( electrons) Gm = =.4 10 E ( electrons) kq electric q = C m = Kg e 9 31 e 1 43

13 Weight Weight is the force of gravity on an object with mass Units of weight are Newtons or Pounds Same mass but Different weight! mm planet F = G r r On earth W=mg where g=9.8 m/s 13

14 Weight on Earth Your weight on Earth is the magnitude of Earth s gravitational force exerted on you (m). W GM R m GM = m R E E = where R is the distance between you and Earth s center The weight of an object of mass m near Earth s surface is: where (g is called the gravitational field strength) 14

15 Weight on Other Planets The weight of an object of mass m near a planet s surfaceis: GM m GM W at Planet = = m = R GM Planet where g Planet = R mg Planet Planet Planet Planet R Planet Planet For example, g Moon = 1.6 N/kg 1/6 g Earth. Let s say there is a man whose mass is 100 kg. At the surface of Earth, his mass and weight are 100 kg and 980 N (=m g Earth ), respectively. At the surface of Moon, his mass and weight are 100 kg and 16 N (=m g Moon ), respectively. 15

16 Weight on Earth and on Moon How far above the surface of the Earth does an object have to be to have the same weight as it would have on the surface of the moon? Neglect effects from the Earth s gravity on the Moon s surface and vice versa r = M E M M F E = Gm = Gm = r r M r E M M M Kg r = ( km) = km Kg Heightoversurface r-r = km km = km E M F M 16

17 Things are different on the Moon Earth Moon Surface gravity compared to Earth Your mass 40 Kg 40 Kg Energy to stop a 1 Kg 65 Joules 65 Joules ball moving at 90 km/hour How much can you lift 10 kg 60 kg How high can you jump 0 cm 10 cm How far can you kick a ball 0 m 10 m 17

18 Force of Gravity For objects on the surface of the earth: F = GMm/R = m(gm/r ) = mg g = GM/R = 9.8 N/kg = 9.8 m/s What about at the top of Mount Everest? (h=8850m or 9,035 feet GMEm The approximation works well since: F= W = r WEverest 1 heverest = r = 1 W + = surface r h r + ( ) ( ) Everest h 3 1 Everest = = = r h Everest = = r 3

19 r r 1 Your weight decreases as your altitude goes up. 19

20 Weight The weight (W) of an object is equal to the magnitude of the gravitational force acting on a body of mass m W = mg Dropping an object causes it to accelerate at free-fall acceleration g F g = mg W = F g 0

21 ILQ: Gravitation Does a man weigh more A) at the top of Mt. Everest or B) at the base of the mountain? 1

22 Which Forces Enter in a FBD? Several force must be taken into account: Gravity Normal Force Friction Push or Pull Tension W Gravity: if the sled has a mass m the force due to gravity is W = mg

23 Which Forces Enter in a FBD? Normal force: always perpendicular the surface with which h a body is in contact. Friction: the frictional force is parallel to the surface and it always opposes the direction of motion. Push or pull N f N W P W 3

24 Normal (= Perpendicular) Force The normal force is a contact force perpendicular to the contact surfaces that prevents two objects from passing through one another. Normal force is a vector. Direction: always perpendicular to the contact surface (rather than the horizon) Magnitude: depends on the weight of the object (see different cases on next pages) Type: contact force (not long-range force) Normal force is usually denoted by N. 4

25 What Causes Normal Force? Atoms inside solid objects are inter-connected by molecular bonds which act like springs. When you place an object on top of a table, the table deforms slightly. This bend is usually not visible to the eye. 5

26 Normal Force: Case 1 If the table s surface (contact surface) is horizontal, Direction of the normal force is perpendicular to the contact surface. In this case, vertically upward. Magnitude of the normal force is the book s weight, according to Newton s First Law of Motion. N = W (= mg) according to ΣF y = 0 for an object in equilibrium 6

27 Normal Force: Case If the contact surface is horizontal and there is another vertical force acting on the book, Direction of the normal force is perpendicular to the contact surface. In this case, vertically upward. Magnitude of the normal force is the book s weight plus the magnitude of the additional force, according to Newton s First Law of Motion. N = W (= mg) + F according to ΣF y = 0 for an object in equilibrium 7

28 Normal Force: Case 3 If the contact surface is not horizontal (with an inclination angle θ), Direction of the normal force is perpendicular to the contact surface. In this case, it is not vertical. Magnitude of the normal force is the book s weight times cosθ, +y according to Newton s First Law of Motion. θ N = W cosθ (= mg cosθ) +x according to ΣF y = 0 for an object in equilibrium Wsinθ θ Wcosθ 8

Types of Force. Example. F gravity F friction F applied F air resistance F normal F spring F magnetism F tension. Contact/ Non-Contact

Types of Force. Example. F gravity F friction F applied F air resistance F normal F spring F magnetism F tension. Contact/ Non-Contact Types of Force Example Contact/ Non-Contact F gravity F friction F applied F air resistance F normal F spring F magnetism F tension Force Diagrams A force diagram, is a sketch in which all the forces acting

More information

The Concept of Force. field forces d) The gravitational force of attraction between two objects. f) Force a bar magnet exerts on a piece of iron.

The Concept of Force. field forces d) The gravitational force of attraction between two objects. f) Force a bar magnet exerts on a piece of iron. Lecture 3 The Laws of Motion OUTLINE 5.1 The Concept of Force 5.2 Newton s First Law and Inertial Frames 5.3 Mass 5.4 Newton s Second Law 5.5 The Gravitational Force and Weight 5.6 Newton s Third Law 5.8

More information

Free-Body Diagrams Worksheet

Free-Body Diagrams Worksheet Free-Body Diagrams Worksheet No doubt you are aware of free body diagrams (otherwise known as FBD's). These are simplified representations of an object (the body) in a problem, and includes force vectors

More information

How do objects interact?

How do objects interact? Chapter 4 FORCES Objectives You will be able to understand the idea of force categorize forces into the two main types of force recognize when forces exist Draw Free Body Diagrams (FBD) Forces So far we

More information

TEKS 8.7. The student knows that there is a relationship between force and motion. The student is expected to:

TEKS 8.7. The student knows that there is a relationship between force and motion. The student is expected to: TEKS 8.7 The student knows that there is a relationship between force and motion. The student is expected to: A. demonstrate how unbalanced forces cause changes in the speed or direction of an object's

More information

The Force Is with You

The Force Is with You The Force Is with You Learning Objectives The learner will interpret free-body force diagrams Review: Newton s 1 st Law An object in motion stays in motion in a straight line, unless acted upon by unbalanced

More information

Dynamics: Forces and Newton s Laws of Motion

Dynamics: Forces and Newton s Laws of Motion Lecture 7 Chapter 5 Physics I Dynamics: Forces and Newton s Laws of Motion Course website: http://faculty.uml.edu/andriy_danylov/teaching/physicsi Today we are going to discuss: Chapter 5: Force, Mass:

More information

7. Two forces are applied to a 2.0-kilogram block on a frictionless horizontal surface, as shown in the diagram below.

7. Two forces are applied to a 2.0-kilogram block on a frictionless horizontal surface, as shown in the diagram below. 1. Which statement about the movement of an object with zero acceleration is true? The object must be at rest. The object must be slowing down. The object may be speeding up. The object may be in motion.

More information

Review 3: Forces. 1. Which graph best represents the motion of an object in equilibrium? A) B) C) D)

Review 3: Forces. 1. Which graph best represents the motion of an object in equilibrium? A) B) C) D) 1. Which graph best represents the motion of an object in equilibrium? A) B) C) D) 2. A rock is thrown straight up into the air. At the highest point of the rock's path, the magnitude of the net force

More information

Newton s Laws of Motion. I. Law of Inertia II. F=ma III. Action-Reaction

Newton s Laws of Motion. I. Law of Inertia II. F=ma III. Action-Reaction Newton s Laws of Motion I. Law of Inertia II. F=ma III. Action-Reaction While most people know what Newton's laws say, many people do not know what they mean (or simply do not believe what they mean).

More information

Free Body Diagram Practice

Free Body Diagram Practice Name: Free Body Diagram Practice Per: Read each scenario and draw a diagram of the forces acting upon the object(s). 1. A book is at rest on a table top. Diagram the forces acting on the book. 2. A girl

More information

Unit 6: Forces II PRACTICE PROBLEMS

Unit 6: Forces II PRACTICE PROBLEMS Regents Physics Mrs. Long Unit 6: Forces II PRACTICE PROBLEMS Essential Understanding for the Unit: The net force can be determined by using force diagrams in order to show all forces acting, and thereby

More information

Chapter 4. Forces and Newton s Laws of Motion. continued

Chapter 4. Forces and Newton s Laws of Motion. continued Chapter 4 Forces and Newton s Laws of Motion continued Quiz 3 4.7 The Gravitational Force Newton s Law of Universal Gravitation Every particle in the universe exerts an attractive force on every other

More information

Inertia and Mass. 7. Mass and velocity values for a variety of objects are listed below. Rank the objects from smallest to greatest inertia.

Inertia and Mass. 7. Mass and velocity values for a variety of objects are listed below. Rank the objects from smallest to greatest inertia. Inertia and Mass Read from Lesson 1 of the Newton's Laws chapter at The Physics Classroom: http://www.physicsclassroom.com/class/newtlaws/u2l1a.html http://www.physicsclassroom.com/class/newtlaws/u2l1b.html

More information

Chapter Four Holt Physics. Forces and the Laws of Motion

Chapter Four Holt Physics. Forces and the Laws of Motion Chapter Four Holt Physics Forces and the Laws of Motion Physics Force and the study of dynamics 1.Forces - a. Force - a push or a pull. It can change the motion of an object; start or stop movement; and,

More information

9/20/11. Physics 101 Tuesday 9/20/11 Class 8" Chapter " Weight and Normal forces" Frictional Forces"

9/20/11. Physics 101 Tuesday 9/20/11 Class 8 Chapter  Weight and Normal forces Frictional Forces Reading Quiz Physics 101 Tuesday 9/20/11 Class 8" Chapter 5.6 6.1" Weight and Normal forces" Frictional Forces" The force due to kinetic friction is usually larger than the force due to static friction.

More information

Lecture Presentation. Chapter 4 Forces and Newton s Laws of Motion. Chapter 4 Forces and Newton s Laws of Motion. Reading Question 4.

Lecture Presentation. Chapter 4 Forces and Newton s Laws of Motion. Chapter 4 Forces and Newton s Laws of Motion. Reading Question 4. Chapter 4 Forces and Newton s Laws of Motion Lecture Presentation Chapter 4 Forces and Newton s Laws of Motion Chapter Goal: To establish a connection between force and motion. Slide 4-2 Chapter 4 Preview

More information

Force a push or a pull exerted on some object the cause of an acceleration, or the change in an objects velocity

Force a push or a pull exerted on some object the cause of an acceleration, or the change in an objects velocity Chapter 4 Physics Notes Changes in Motion Force a push or a pull exerted on some object the cause of an acceleration, or the change in an objects velocity Forces cause changes in velocity Causes a stationary

More information

Newton s Laws Student Success Sheets (SSS)

Newton s Laws Student Success Sheets (SSS) --- Newton s Laws unit student success sheets--- Page 1 Newton s Laws Student Success Sheets (SSS) HS-PS2-1 HS-PS2-2 NGSS Civic Memorial High School - Physics Concept # What we will be learning Mandatory

More information

Chapter 4. Forces and Newton s Laws of Motion. continued

Chapter 4. Forces and Newton s Laws of Motion. continued Chapter 4 Forces and Newton s Laws of Motion continued 4.9 Static and Kinetic Frictional Forces When an object is in contact with a surface forces can act on the objects. The component of this force acting

More information

Ch 6 Using Newton s Laws. Applications to mass, weight, friction, air resistance, and periodic motion

Ch 6 Using Newton s Laws. Applications to mass, weight, friction, air resistance, and periodic motion Ch 6 Using Newton s Laws Applications to mass, weight, friction, air resistance, and periodic motion Newton s 2 nd Law Applied Galileo hypothesized that all objects gain speed at the same rate (have the

More information

3/17/2018. Interacting Objects. Interacting Objects

3/17/2018. Interacting Objects. Interacting Objects Example 0 - Iris drags a sled containing her baby brother across the floor at a constant speed. She pulls the sled at a 20 degree above the horizontal. Draw a FBD and write out N2L for both x and y directions.

More information

POGIL: Newton s First Law of Motion and Statics. Part 1: Net Force Model: Read the following carefully and study the diagrams that follow.

POGIL: Newton s First Law of Motion and Statics. Part 1: Net Force Model: Read the following carefully and study the diagrams that follow. POGIL: Newton s First Law of Motion and Statics Name Purpose: To become familiar with the forces acting on an object at rest Part 1: Net Force Model: Read the following carefully and study the diagrams

More information

Topic: Force PHYSICS 231

Topic: Force PHYSICS 231 Topic: Force PHYSICS 231 Current Assignments Homework Set 2 due this Thursday, Jan 27, 11 pm Reading for next week: Chapters 10.1-6,10.10,8.3 2/1/11 Physics 231 Spring 2011 2 Key Concepts: Force Free body

More information

Chapter 4 Dynamics: Newton s Laws of Motion

Chapter 4 Dynamics: Newton s Laws of Motion Chapter 4 Dynamics: Newton s Laws of Motion 4-1 Force A force is a push or pull. An object at rest needs a force to get it moving; a moving object needs a force to change its velocity. The magnitude of

More information

Is there a net force?

Is there a net force? Is there a net force? A net force (i.e., an unbalanced force) causes acceleration. In the motion unit, several means of representing accelerated motion were discussed. Combine your prior understanding

More information

Force. The cause of an acceleration or change in an object s motion. Any kind of a push or pull on an object.

Force. The cause of an acceleration or change in an object s motion. Any kind of a push or pull on an object. Force The cause of an acceleration or change in an object s motion. Any kind of a push or pull on an object. Forces do not always give rise to motion. Forces can be equal and opposite. Force is a vector

More information

PHYSICS 149: Lecture 3

PHYSICS 149: Lecture 3 Chapter 2 PHYSICS 149: Lecture 3 2.1 Forces 2.2 Net Force 2.3 Newton s first law Lecture 3 Purdue University, Physics 149 1 Forces Forces are interactions between objects Different type of forces: Contact

More information

Dynamics: Forces and Newton s Laws of Motion

Dynamics: Forces and Newton s Laws of Motion Lecture 7 Chapter 5 Dynamics: Forces and Newton s Laws of Motion Course website: http://faculty.uml.edu/andriy_danylov/teaching/physicsi Today we are going to discuss: Chapter 5: Force, Mass: Section 5.1

More information

Forces I. Newtons Laws

Forces I. Newtons Laws Forces I Newtons Laws Kinematics The study of how objects move Dynamics The study of why objects move Newton s Laws and Forces What is force? What are they? Force A push or a pull Symbol is F Unit is N

More information

Forces and Newton s Laws

Forces and Newton s Laws chapter 3 section 1 Forces Forces and Newton s Laws What You ll Learn how force and motion are related what friction is between objects the difference between mass and weight Before You Read When you hit

More information

Chapter 4. Dynamics: Newton s Laws of Motion. That is, describing why objects move

Chapter 4. Dynamics: Newton s Laws of Motion. That is, describing why objects move Chapter 4 Dynamics: Newton s Laws of Motion That is, describing why objects move orces Newton s 1 st Law Newton s 2 nd Law Newton s 3 rd Law Examples of orces: Weight, Normal orce, Tension, riction ree-body

More information

Chapter 5 Lecture. Pearson Physics. Newton's Laws of Motion. Prepared by Chris Chiaverina Pearson Education, Inc.

Chapter 5 Lecture. Pearson Physics. Newton's Laws of Motion. Prepared by Chris Chiaverina Pearson Education, Inc. Chapter 5 Lecture Pearson Physics Newton's Laws of Motion Prepared by Chris Chiaverina Chapter Contents Newton's Laws of Motion Applying Newton's Laws Friction Newton's Laws of Motion Two of the most important

More information

PHYS 101 Previous Exam Problems. Force & Motion I

PHYS 101 Previous Exam Problems. Force & Motion I PHYS 101 Previous Exam Problems CHAPTER 5 Force & Motion I Newton s Laws Vertical motion Horizontal motion Mixed forces Contact forces Inclines General problems 1. A 5.0-kg block is lowered with a downward

More information

The Force of Gravity exists between any two masses! Always attractive do you feel the attraction? Slide 6-35

The Force of Gravity exists between any two masses! Always attractive do you feel the attraction? Slide 6-35 The Force of Gravity exists between any two masses! Always attractive do you feel the attraction? Slide 6-35 Summary Newton s law of gravity describes the gravitational force between A. the earth and the

More information

Lecture 5. (sections )

Lecture 5. (sections ) Lecture 5 PHYSICS 201 (sections 521-525) Instructor: Hans Schuessler Temporary: Alexandre e Kolomenski o http://sibor.physics.tamu.edu/teaching/phys201/ Projectile Motion The horizontal and vertical parts

More information

3/10/2019. What Is a Force? What Is a Force? Tactics: Drawing Force Vectors

3/10/2019. What Is a Force? What Is a Force? Tactics: Drawing Force Vectors What Is a Force? A force acts on an object. A force requires an agent, something that acts on the object. If you throw a ball, your hand is the agent or cause of the force exerted on the ball. A force

More information

Physics 100 Reminder: for on-line lectures

Physics 100 Reminder:  for on-line lectures Physics 100 Reminder: http://www.hunter.cuny.edu/physics/courses/physics100/fall-2016 for on-line lectures Today: Finish Chapter 3 Chap 4 - Newton s Second Law In Chapter 4, we establish a relationship

More information

Chapter 4 Forces Newton s Laws of Motion

Chapter 4 Forces Newton s Laws of Motion Chapter 4 Forces Newton s Laws of Motion Forces Force A vector quantity that changes the velocity vector of an object. When you hit a baseball, the velocity of the ball changes. Can be a push or a pull

More information

Forces and Newton s Laws Reading Notes. Give an example of a force you have experienced continuously all your life.

Forces and Newton s Laws Reading Notes. Give an example of a force you have experienced continuously all your life. Forces and Newton s Laws Reading Notes Name: Section 4-1: Force What is force? Give an example of a force you have experienced continuously all your life. Give an example of a situation where an object

More information

Main points of today s lecture: Normal force Newton s 3 d Law Frictional forces: kinetic friction: static friction Examples. Physic 231 Lecture 9

Main points of today s lecture: Normal force Newton s 3 d Law Frictional forces: kinetic friction: static friction Examples. Physic 231 Lecture 9 Main points of today s lecture: Normal force Newton s 3 d Law Frictional forces: kinetic friction: static friction Examples. Physic 3 Lecture 9 f N k = µ k f N s < µ s Atwood s machine Consider the Atwood

More information

What Is a Force? Slide Pearson Education, Inc.

What Is a Force? Slide Pearson Education, Inc. What Is a Force? A force acts on an object. A force requires an agent, something that acts on the object. If you throw a ball, your hand is the agent or cause of the force exerted on the ball. A force

More information

Chapter 4: Newton's Second Law of Motion

Chapter 4: Newton's Second Law of Motion Lecture Outline Chapter 4: Newton's Second Law of Motion This lecture will help you understand: Force Causes Acceleration Friction Mass and Weight Newton's Second Law of Motion Free Fall Nonfree Fall Force

More information

Chapter: The Laws of Motion

Chapter: The Laws of Motion Table of Contents Chapter: The Laws of Motion Section 1: Newton s Second Law Section 2: Gravity Section 3: The Third Law of Motion 1 Newton s Second Law Force, Mass, and Acceleration Newton s first law

More information

3. The diagram shows two bowling balls, A and B, each having a mass of 7.00 kilograms, placed 2.00 meters apart.

3. The diagram shows two bowling balls, A and B, each having a mass of 7.00 kilograms, placed 2.00 meters apart. 1. Which statement describes the gravitational force and the electrostatic force between two charged particles? A) The gravitational force may be either attractive or repulsive, whereas the electrostatic

More information

6. Find the centripetal acceleration of the car in m/s 2 a b c d e. 32.0

6. Find the centripetal acceleration of the car in m/s 2 a b c d e. 32.0 PHYSICS 5 TEST 2 REVIEW 1. A car slows down as it travels from point A to B as it approaches an S curve shown to the right. It then travels at constant speed through the turn from point B to C. Select

More information

TEACHER BACKGROUND INFORMATION FORCE

TEACHER BACKGROUND INFORMATION FORCE TEACHER BACKGROUND INFORMATION FORCE WHAT IS FORCE? Force is anything that can change the state of motion of a body. In simpler terms, force is a push or a pull. For example, wind pushing on a flag is

More information

Tue Sept 15. Dynamics - Newton s Laws of Motion. Forces: Identifying Forces Free-body diagram Affect on Motion

Tue Sept 15. Dynamics - Newton s Laws of Motion. Forces: Identifying Forces Free-body diagram Affect on Motion Tue Sept 15 Assignment 4 Friday Pre-class Thursday Lab - Print, do pre-lab Closed toed shoes Exam Monday Oct 5 7:15-9:15 PM email me if class conflict or extended time Dynamics - Newton s Laws of Motion

More information

Chapter 4 Newton s Laws

Chapter 4 Newton s Laws Chapter 4 Newton s Laws Isaac Newton 1642-1727 Some inventions and discoveries: 3 laws of motion Universal law of gravity Calculus Ideas on: Sound Light Thermodynamics Reflecting telescope In this chapter,

More information

PH211 Chapter 4 Solutions

PH211 Chapter 4 Solutions PH211 Chapter 4 Solutions 4.3.IDENTIFY: We know the resultant of two vectors of equal magnitude and want to find their magnitudes. They make the same angle with the vertical. Figure 4.3 SET UP: Take to

More information

What changes in space as opposed to being on the Earth? How does this affect mass? Is the car is in equilibrium? Where will the forces act?

What changes in space as opposed to being on the Earth? How does this affect mass? Is the car is in equilibrium? Where will the forces act? Quest Chapter 05 1 How would your mass change if you took a trip to the space station? 1. decreases; you weigh less. 2. increases; you weigh more. 3. no change in mass 2 (part 1 of 3) You are driving a

More information

Newton s 3 Laws of Motion

Newton s 3 Laws of Motion Newton s 3 Laws of Motion 1. If F = 0 No change in motion 2. = ma Change in motion Fnet 3. F = F 1 on 2 2 on 1 Newton s First Law (Law of Inertia) An object will remain at rest or in a constant state of

More information

1N the force that a 100g bar of chocolate exerts on your hand.

1N the force that a 100g bar of chocolate exerts on your hand. Forces: - - > cause change in motions Newton's first law = law of inertia In absence of a net external force acting upon it, a body will either remain at rest or continue in its rectilinear uniform motion.

More information

Yanbu University College. General Studies Department. Phsc001 Course (111) Chapter2 (forces) Worksheet Solutions

Yanbu University College. General Studies Department. Phsc001 Course (111) Chapter2 (forces) Worksheet Solutions 1 Yanbu University College General Studies Department Phsc001 Course (111) Chapter2 (forces) Worksheet Solutions 2 Chapter 2 Worksheet Part 1 Matching: Match the definitions with the given concepts. 1.

More information

August 05, Chapter 4 - Dynamics - WHY things move Newton has THREE laws of motion

August 05, Chapter 4 - Dynamics - WHY things move Newton has THREE laws of motion Chapter 4 - Dynamics - WHY things move Newton has THREE laws of motion 1st Law Law of Inertia - An object in CONSTANT motion remains in CONSTANT motion and an object at rest remains at rest UNLESS acted

More information

Chapter 4. Forces and Mass. Classical Mechanics. Forces. Newton s First Law. Fundamental (Field) Forces. Contact and Field Forces

Chapter 4. Forces and Mass. Classical Mechanics. Forces. Newton s First Law. Fundamental (Field) Forces. Contact and Field Forces Chapter 4 Classical Mechanics Forces and Mass does not apply for very tiny objects (< atomic sizes) objects moving near the speed of light Newton s First Law Forces If the net force!f exerted on an object

More information

Chapter 05 Test A. Name: Class: Date: Multiple Choice Identify the choice that best completes the statement or answers the question.

Chapter 05 Test A. Name: Class: Date: Multiple Choice Identify the choice that best completes the statement or answers the question. Class: Date: Chapter 05 Test A Multiple Choice Identify the choice that best completes the statement or answers the question. 1. The SI unit of force preferred by scientists is the: a. kilogram. b. newton.

More information

PHYSICS. Chapter 5 Lecture FOR SCIENTISTS AND ENGINEERS A STRATEGIC APPROACH 4/E RANDALL D. KNIGHT Pearson Education, Inc.

PHYSICS. Chapter 5 Lecture FOR SCIENTISTS AND ENGINEERS A STRATEGIC APPROACH 4/E RANDALL D. KNIGHT Pearson Education, Inc. PHYSICS FOR SCIENTISTS AND ENGINEERS A STRATEGIC APPROACH 4/E Chapter 5 Lecture RANDALL D. KNIGHT Chapter 5 Force and Motion IN THIS CHAPTER, you will learn about the connection between force and motion.

More information

Practice Test for Midterm Exam

Practice Test for Midterm Exam A.P. Physics Practice Test for Midterm Exam Kinematics 1. Which of the following statements are about uniformly accelerated motion? Select two answers. a) If an object s acceleration is constant then it

More information

Forces and Motion in One Dimension

Forces and Motion in One Dimension Nicholas J. Giordano www.cengage.com/physics/giordano Forces and Motion in One Dimension Applications of Newton s Laws We will learn how Newton s Laws apply in various situations We will begin with motion

More information

PS113 Chapter 4 Forces and Newton s laws of motion

PS113 Chapter 4 Forces and Newton s laws of motion PS113 Chapter 4 Forces and Newton s laws of motion 1 The concepts of force and mass A force is described as the push or pull between two objects There are two kinds of forces 1. Contact forces where two

More information

Phys101 Lecture 5 Dynamics: Newton s Laws of Motion

Phys101 Lecture 5 Dynamics: Newton s Laws of Motion Phys101 Lecture 5 Dynamics: Newton s Laws of Motion Key points: Newton s second law is a vector equation Action and reaction are acting on different objects Free-Body Diagrams Ref: 4-1,2,3,4,5,6,7. Page

More information

If there is nothing pushing on an object, it will not move. If there is nothing pushing on an object, it will not stop. The List:

If there is nothing pushing on an object, it will not move. If there is nothing pushing on an object, it will not stop. The List: If there is nothing pushing on an object, it will not move. If there is nothing pushing on an object, it will not stop. The List: No Push No Go No Push No Stop No Push No Speed Up No Push No Slow Down

More information

Review: Newton s Laws

Review: Newton s Laws More force was needed to stop the rock Review: Newton s Laws F r 1 F r F r 3 F r 4 2 Newton s First Law The velocity of an object does not change unless a force acts on the object Newton s Second Law:

More information

Newton s Laws of Motion. Chapter 4

Newton s Laws of Motion. Chapter 4 Newton s Laws of Motion Chapter 4 Newton s First Law of Motion Force A force is a push or pull. An object at rest needs a force to get it moving; a moving object needs a force to change its velocity. Force

More information

Newton s Contributions. Calculus Light is composed of rainbow colors Reflecting Telescope Laws of Motion Theory of Gravitation

Newton s Contributions. Calculus Light is composed of rainbow colors Reflecting Telescope Laws of Motion Theory of Gravitation Newton s Contributions Calculus Light is composed of rainbow colors Reflecting Telescope Laws of Motion Theory of Gravitation Newton s First Law (law of inertia) An object at rest tends to stay at rest

More information

Force 10/01/2010. (Weight) MIDTERM on 10/06/10 7:15 to 9:15 pm Bentley 236. (Tension)

Force 10/01/2010. (Weight) MIDTERM on 10/06/10 7:15 to 9:15 pm Bentley 236. (Tension) Force 10/01/2010 = = Friction Force (Weight) (Tension), coefficient of static and kinetic friction MIDTERM on 10/06/10 7:15 to 9:15 pm Bentley 236 2008 midterm posted for practice. Help sessions Mo, Tu

More information

Announcements. Principle of Work and Energy - Sections Engr222 Spring 2004 Chapter Test Wednesday

Announcements. Principle of Work and Energy - Sections Engr222 Spring 2004 Chapter Test Wednesday Announcements Test Wednesday Closed book 3 page sheet sheet (on web) Calculator Chap 12.6-10, 13.1-6 Principle of Work and Energy - Sections 14.1-3 Today s Objectives: Students will be able to: a) Calculate

More information

KEY NNHS Introductory Physics: MCAS Review Packet #1 Introductory Physics, High School Learning Standards for a Full First-Year Course

KEY NNHS Introductory Physics: MCAS Review Packet #1 Introductory Physics, High School Learning Standards for a Full First-Year Course Introductory Physics, High School Learning Standards for a Full First-Year Course I. C ONTENT S TANDARDS Central Concept: Newton s laws of motion and gravitation describe and predict the motion of 1.1

More information

Making Sense of the Universe (Chapter 4) Why does the Earth go around the Sun? Part, but not all, of Chapter 4

Making Sense of the Universe (Chapter 4) Why does the Earth go around the Sun? Part, but not all, of Chapter 4 Making Sense of the Universe (Chapter 4) Why does the Earth go around the Sun? Part, but not all, of Chapter 4 Based on part of Chapter 4 This material will be useful for understanding Chapters 8 and 11

More information

Chapter 5 Newton s Laws of Motion. Copyright 2010 Pearson Education, Inc.

Chapter 5 Newton s Laws of Motion. Copyright 2010 Pearson Education, Inc. Chapter 5 Newton s Laws of Motion Force and Mass Units of Chapter 5 Newton s First Law of Motion Newton s Second Law of Motion Newton s Third Law of Motion The Vector Nature of Forces: Forces in Two Dimensions

More information

Chapter 4 Force and Motion

Chapter 4 Force and Motion Chapter 4 Force and Motion Units of Chapter 4 The Concepts of Force and Net Force Inertia and Newton s First Law of Motion Newton s Second Law of Motion Newton s Third Law of Motion More on Newton s Laws:

More information

Newton s Laws of Motion and Gravitation

Newton s Laws of Motion and Gravitation Newton s Laws of Motion and Gravitation Introduction: In Newton s first law we have discussed the equilibrium condition for a particle and seen that when the resultant force acting on the particle is zero,

More information

Isaac Newton ( ) 1687 Published Principia Invented Calculus 3 Laws of Motion Universal Law of Gravity

Isaac Newton ( ) 1687 Published Principia Invented Calculus 3 Laws of Motion Universal Law of Gravity Isaac Newton (1642-1727) 1687 Published Principia Invented Calculus 3 Laws of Motion Universal Law of Gravity Newton s First Law (Law of Inertia) An object will remain at rest or in a constant state of

More information

Q2. A book whose mass is 2 kg rests on a table. Find the magnitude of the force exerted by the table on the book.

Q2. A book whose mass is 2 kg rests on a table. Find the magnitude of the force exerted by the table on the book. AP Physics 1- Dynamics Practice Problems FACT: Inertia is the tendency of an object to resist a change in state of motion. A change in state of motion means a change in an object s velocity, therefore

More information

Circular Motion. A car is traveling around a curve at a steady 45 mph. Is the car accelerating? A. Yes B. No

Circular Motion. A car is traveling around a curve at a steady 45 mph. Is the car accelerating? A. Yes B. No Circular Motion A car is traveling around a curve at a steady 45 mph. Is the car accelerating? A. Yes B. No Circular Motion A car is traveling around a curve at a steady 45 mph. Which vector shows the

More information

Chapter 4. Forces and Newton s Laws of Motion

Chapter 4. Forces and Newton s Laws of Motion Chapter 4 Forces and Newton s Laws of Motion Chapter 4: Forces and Newton s Laws Force, mass and Newton s three laws of motion Newton s law of gravity Normal, friction and tension forces Apparent weight,

More information

A) more mass and more inertia C) the same as the magnitude of the rock's weight C) a man standing still on a bathroom scale

A) more mass and more inertia C) the same as the magnitude of the rock's weight C) a man standing still on a bathroom scale 1. A 15-kilogram cart is at rest on a horizontal surface. A 5-kilogram box is placed in the cart. Compared to the mass and inertia of the cart, the cart-box system has A) more mass and more inertia B)

More information

AP Physics I Summer Work

AP Physics I Summer Work AP Physics I Summer Work 2018 (20 points) Please complete the following set of questions and word problems. Answers will be reviewed in depth during the first week of class followed by an assessment based

More information

Chapter 5 Gravitation Chapter 6 Work and Energy

Chapter 5 Gravitation Chapter 6 Work and Energy Chapter 5 Gravitation Chapter 6 Work and Energy Chapter 5 (5.6) Newton s Law of Universal Gravitation (5.7) Gravity Near the Earth s Surface Chapter 6 (today) Work Done by a Constant Force Kinetic Energy,

More information

1. A 7.0-kg bowling ball experiences a net force of 5.0 N. What will be its acceleration? a. 35 m/s 2 c. 5.0 m/s 2 b. 7.0 m/s 2 d. 0.

1. A 7.0-kg bowling ball experiences a net force of 5.0 N. What will be its acceleration? a. 35 m/s 2 c. 5.0 m/s 2 b. 7.0 m/s 2 d. 0. Newton's Laws 1. A 7.0-kg bowling ball experiences a net force of 5.0 N. What will be its acceleration? a. 35 m/s 2 c. 5.0 m/s 2 b. 7.0 m/s 2 d. 0.71 m/s 2 2. An astronaut applies a force of 500 N to an

More information

Isaac Newton ( )

Isaac Newton ( ) Isaac Newton (1642-1727) In the beginning of 1665 I found the rule for reducing any degree of binomial to a series. The same year in May I found the method of tangents and in November the method of fluxions

More information

This chapter covers all kinds of problems having to do with work in physics terms. Work

This chapter covers all kinds of problems having to do with work in physics terms. Work Chapter 7 Working the Physics Way In This Chapter Understanding work Working with net force Calculating kinetic energy Handling potential energy Relating kinetic energy to work This chapter covers all

More information

Test Corrections Use these concepts to explain corrected answers. Make sure you apply the concepts to the specific situation in each problem.

Test Corrections Use these concepts to explain corrected answers. Make sure you apply the concepts to the specific situation in each problem. Test Corrections Use these concepts to explain corrected answers. Make sure you apply the concepts to the specific situation in each problem. Circular Motion Concepts When an object moves in a circle,

More information

Physics 2211 ABC Quiz #3 Solutions Spring 2017

Physics 2211 ABC Quiz #3 Solutions Spring 2017 Physics 2211 ABC Quiz #3 Solutions Spring 2017 I. (16 points) A block of mass m b is suspended vertically on a ideal cord that then passes through a frictionless hole and is attached to a sphere of mass

More information

Chapter 5 Lecture Notes

Chapter 5 Lecture Notes Formulas: a C = v 2 /r a = a C + a T F = Gm 1 m 2 /r 2 Chapter 5 Lecture Notes Physics 2414 - Strauss Constants: G = 6.67 10-11 N-m 2 /kg 2. Main Ideas: 1. Uniform circular motion 2. Nonuniform circular

More information

Do Now: Why are we required to obey the Seat- Belt law?

Do Now: Why are we required to obey the Seat- Belt law? Do Now: Why are we required to obey the Seat- Belt law? Newton s Laws of Motion Newton s First Law An object at rest remains at rest and an object in motion remains in motion with the same speed and direction.

More information

Chapter 6 Dynamics I: Motion Along a Line

Chapter 6 Dynamics I: Motion Along a Line Chapter 6 Dynamics I: Motion Along a Line Chapter Goal: To learn how to solve linear force-and-motion problems. Slide 6-2 Chapter 6 Preview Slide 6-3 Chapter 6 Preview Slide 6-4 Chapter 6 Preview Slide

More information

Forces. Brought to you by:

Forces. Brought to you by: Forces Brought to you by: Objects have force because of their mass and inertia Mass is a measure of the amount of matter/particles in a substance. Mass is traditionally measured with a balance. Inertia

More information

Chapter 4 Thrills and Chills >600 N If your weight is 600 N (blue vector), then the bathroom scale would have to be providing a force of greater than 600 N (red vector). Another way of looking at the situation

More information

Week 4 Homework/Recitation: 9/21/2017 Chapter4: Problems 3, 5, 11, 16, 24, 38, 52, 77, 78, 98. is shown in the drawing. F 2

Week 4 Homework/Recitation: 9/21/2017 Chapter4: Problems 3, 5, 11, 16, 24, 38, 52, 77, 78, 98. is shown in the drawing. F 2 Week 4 Homework/Recitation: 9/1/017 Chapter4: Problems 3, 5, 11, 16, 4, 38, 5, 77, 78, 98. 3. Two horizontal forces, F 1 and F, are acting on a box, but only F 1 is shown in the drawing. F can point either

More information

FORCE. Definition: Combining Forces (Resultant Force)

FORCE. Definition: Combining Forces (Resultant Force) 1 FORCE Definition: A force is either push or pull. A Force is a vector quantity that means it has magnitude and direction. Force is measured in a unit called Newtons (N). Some examples of forces are:

More information

Types of forces we ll use Interaction Diagram (1)

Types of forces we ll use Interaction Diagram (1) What is a force? Unit 4 Balanced Force Model A push or a pull is the usual answer A force is an interaction between two objects Types of forces we ll use Interaction Diagram (1) Illustrates all objects

More information

Unit 2: Newton s Laws Note 1 : Forces

Unit 2: Newton s Laws Note 1 : Forces Unit 2: Newton s Laws Note 1 : Forces Force: The units of force are: There are four fundamental forces that make up all of the forces in the universe: 1) 2) 3) 4) Force of Gravity Force of Gravity: The

More information

Conceptual Physics Fundamentals. Chapter 3: EQUILIBRIUM AND LINEAR MOTION

Conceptual Physics Fundamentals. Chapter 3: EQUILIBRIUM AND LINEAR MOTION Conceptual Physics Fundamentals Chapter 3: EQUILIBRIUM AND LINEAR MOTION This lecture will help you understand: Aristotle on Motion Galileo s Concept of Inertia Mass A Measure of Inertia Net Force The

More information

PHYSICS 149: Lecture 7

PHYSICS 149: Lecture 7 PHYSICS 149: Lecture 7 Chapter 2 28Tension 2.8 2.9 Fundamental Forces Chapter 3 3.1 Position and Displacement Lecture 7 Purdue University, Physics 149 1 ILQ 1 Which statement about frictional forces is

More information

KINETIC ENERGY AND WORK

KINETIC ENERGY AND WORK Chapter 7: KINETIC ENERGY AND WORK 1 Which of the following is NOT a correct unit for work? A erg B ft lb C watt D newton meter E joule 2 Which of the following groups does NOT contain a scalar quantity?

More information

Study Guide for Forces and Newton s Laws Test- Honors

Study Guide for Forces and Newton s Laws Test- Honors Study Guide for Forces and Newton s Laws Test- Honors What is a force? What are the two types of forces? & What is the unit for Force? for mass? for velocity? for acceleration? What does it mean when forces

More information

Introduction to Dynamics: Forces and Newton's Laws What causes an object's motion to change? What is a Force? What are Newton's 3 Laws of Motion?

Introduction to Dynamics: Forces and Newton's Laws What causes an object's motion to change? What is a Force? What are Newton's 3 Laws of Motion? Introduction to Dynamics: Forces and Newton's Laws What causes an object's motion to change? What is a Force? What are Newton's 3 Laws of Motion? Physics 1 a When I drop a tennis ball, it accelerates downwards.

More information

HSC PHYSICS ONLINE B F BA. repulsion between two negatively charged objects. attraction between a negative charge and a positive charge

HSC PHYSICS ONLINE B F BA. repulsion between two negatively charged objects. attraction between a negative charge and a positive charge HSC PHYSICS ONLINE DYNAMICS TYPES O ORCES Electrostatic force (force mediated by a field - long range: action at a distance) the attractive or repulsion between two stationary charged objects. AB A B BA

More information