Vortices and superfluidity
|
|
- Nickolas Berry
- 5 years ago
- Views:
Transcription
1 Vortices and superfluidity
2 Vortices in Polariton quantum fluids We should observe a phase change by π and a density minimum at the core Michelson interferometry Forklike dislocation in interference pattern Phase may be retrieved through off axis FT
3 Observation of vortices from interferogram Dynamics of vortex pinning Pulsed non resonant excitation Time integrated data: Clearly pinned vortex
4 Dynamics of vortex pinning Pulsed non resonant excitation Temporally resolved real space data Please note the time scale Background removed Phase map Half vortices in spinor quantum fluids Linear polarization Polaritons carry a spin New vortical entities Phase change by π Polarization rotation by π Circular polarization Vortex in one circular polarization, not in the other one
5 Simultaneous measurement in σ + and σ Full vortices in circular polarization Interferogram
6 Half vortices in circular polarization Interferograms (raw data) Now the phase trough Fourrier transformation
7 σ + - σ coherence through Polarization mixing Half vortex with polarisation mixing interference 0 x real space (μm) x real space (μm) Amplitude (arb.units) Phase (π).0
8 Half vortices are building blocks Observation of a spin vortex
9 Intensity 17
10 Dissociation of a full vortex into half vortices Time resolved interferogram Time resolved Phase profile Dissociation of a full vortex into half vortices
11 Theory : GP with Helium superfluidity By Alfred Leitner
12 Linearization of the dispersion Appearance of a Ghost branch Superfluid fountain : BBC Four Suppression of instabilities Stirring of quantized vortices Dark solitons Quantized vortex streets Bogoliubov transformation Excitations of a Bose condensate Pair of counter propagating particle-antiparticle Parabolic free particle dispersion gets linear 4
13 5 Heterodyne Four Wave Mixing 6
14 Polariton Ghost Branch Slava Grebenev et al., Science, 79, 083 (1998)
15 Resonant excitation Polariton flow LPB CW Pump k (μm -1 ) v<vs v>vs Superfluidity: Landau criterion in a conservative system Interacting Bosonic condensate Gross-Pitaevskii equation i tψ xt = + V() x + gψ xt ψ xt m particle interactions (, ) (, ) (, ) E c s k Galilean boost E Elastic scattering k No-Interactions FLOW
16 Superfluidity: Landau criterion in a conservative system Interacting Bosonic condensate Gross-Pitaevskii equation E c s g ψ = h m i tψ( xt, ) = + V() x + gψ( xt, ) ψ( xt, ) m particle interactions SUPERFLUID c s k Superfluidity: Landau criterion in a conservative system Interacting Bosonic condensate Gross-Pitaevskii equation E c s k c s g ψ = h m Galilean boost v f < c s i tψ( xt, ) = + V() x + gψ( xt, ) ψ( xt, ) m particle interactions SUPERFLUID E c s +v f c s -v f k FLOW
17 Superfluidity: Landau criterion in a conservative system Interacting Bosonic condensate Gross-Pitaevskii equation E c s k c s g ψ = h m Galilean boost v f < c s i tψ( xt, ) = + V() x + gψ( xt, ) ψ( xt, ) m particle interactions SUPERFLUID E c s +v f c s -v f k FLOW ČERENKOV REGIME E c s Galilean boost Elastic scattering E c s +v f FLOW k v f > c s c s -v f k C. Ciuti and I. Carusotto PRL 93, (004) Resonantly driven polariton gas normal mode coupling Non-linear Schrödinger equation decay () ikpx P i tψ( xt, ) = D iγ / + V x + gψ( xt, ) ψ( xt, ) + Fe P potential pol-pol interaction ( ω t) CW Pump Resonant excitation LPB CW Pump k (μm -1 ) i tψ xt = + V() x + gψ xt ψ xt m (, ) (, ) (, ) Transmission experiment Resonant excitation of the polariton mode Control of velocity, density and frequency of the fluid We need an obstacle to probe superfluidity (d) Far field CCD k z k Excitation laser k θ Y X Real space CCD Microcavity sample T=10 K
18 Photonic defect InGaAs/GaAs/AlGaAs Sample from R. Houdré Field of view: 3.x0.9 mm wedge 00 μm resonance at nm resonance at nm wedge Photonic defect InGaAs/GaAs/AlGaAs Sample from R. Houdré Field of view: φ 100 μm wedge Single defect 00 μm resonance at nm resonance at nm wedge
19 Superfluid regime () P / P P P i tψ( xt, ) = D iγ / + V x + gψ( xt, ) ψ( xt, ) + Fe P e ( x x ) σ i( k x ω t) low momentum Elastic scattering 0.5 v f < c s Landau condition c s g ψ = h m REAL SPACE E - E p Pump k y (μm -1 ) 30 µm Linear regime FLOW MOMENTUM k x (μm -1 ) Amo et al., Nature Physics 5, 805 (009) Polariton density Superfluid regime low momentum v f < c s Landau condition c s g ψ = h m REAL SPACE E - E p P / σp P ωp i tψ( xt, ) = D iγ / + V x + gψ( xt, ) ψ( xt, ) + Fe P e Polariton-polariton interactions Elastic scattering µm Pump k y (μm -1 ) Linear regime FLOW () Linearisation c s +v f c s -v f Pump k y (μm -1 ) Superfluid ( x x ) i( k x t) Carusotto & Ciuti, PRL (004); phys. stat. sol. (b). 4, 4 (005) 1 0 MOMENTUM k x (μm -1 ) Amo et al., Nature Physics 5, 805 (009) k x (μm -1 ) Polariton density Collapse of the ring k x (μm -1 ) k y (μm -1 )
20 Superfluid regime: theory Theory (non-equilibrium Gross-Pitaevskii) () P / P P P i tψ( xt, ) = D iγ / + V x + gψ( xt, ) ψ( xt, ) + Fe P e low momentum v f < c s Landau condition ( x x ) σ i( k x ω t) c s g ψ = h Linear regime Superfluid m REAL SPACE MOMENTUM 30 µm FLOW k x (μm -1 ) Amo et al., Nature Physics 5, 805 (009) k x (μm -1 ) Polariton density k x (μm -1 ) Cerenkov regime high momentum v f > c s Landau condition c s g ψ = h m EXPERIMENT P / P P P i tψ( x, t) = D iγ / + gψ( x, t) ψ( x, t) + FPe e E - E p Elastic scattering 40 µm k y (μm -1 ) FLOW k y (μm -1 ) THEORY Pump Linear regime E - E p Linear wavefronts available states c s +v f Čerenkov ( x x ) σ i( k x ω t) 40 µm Amo et al., Nature Physics 5, 805 (009) Polariton density
21 Quantum fluid properties ik () () ( x ω t x ) P P i tψ( x, t) = D iγ /+ V x + gψ( x, t) ψ(, t) + FP x e superfluid vortex solitons Non-equilibrium Gross-Pitaevskii equation Density Transition from superfluid to vortex emission and soliton nucleation interaction vc s kinetic Topological excitations Phase Vortices Solitons phase dislocation phase slip Pigeon et al., PRB 83, (011)
22 Polariton Flow Polariton flow
23 Superfluidity and solitons Excitation spot (d) Theoretical proposal by Pigeon et al., PRB 83, (011) k z k Excitation laser k θ Y X Microcavity sample Phase free to evolve in the masked region
24 Soliton and vortex streets v f = 0.79 μm/ps k=0.34 μm -1 Real space emission Interaction energy Superfluidity Excitation density Kinetic energy c s g ψ = h m 1 10 μm Flow 1 Interference with a coherent reference beam 0-1 Visibility of fringes (degree of coherence at τ=0) 1 10 μm 0 Amo et al., Science 33, 1167 (011) Soliton and vortex streets Interaction Excitation density Kinetic energy energy v f = 0.79 μm/ps Superfluidity Vortex ejection k=0.34 μm Real space emission 10 c s g ψ = h m 1 10 μm Flow 1 Interference with a coherent reference beam 0-1 Visibility of fringes (degree of coherence at τ=0) μm Amo et al., Science 33, 1167 (011) Vortex streets
25 Soliton and vortex streets v f = 0.79 μm/ps k=0.34 μm -1 Real space emission Interaction energy Superfluidity Excitation density Vortex ejection Solitons Kinetic energy c s g ψ = h m 1 10 μm Flow 1 Interference with a coherent reference beam 0-1 Visibility of fringes (degree of coherence at τ=0) μm Amo et al., Science 33, 1167 (011) Vortex streets Soliton and vortex streets v f = 0.79 μm/ps k=0.34 μm -1 Interaction energy Superfluidity 100 Excitation density Vortex ejection Solitons Kinetic energy Real space emission μm Flow 1 Interference with a coherent reference beam 0-1 Visibility of fringes (degree of coherence at τ=0) 1 See also Grosso et al., PRL 107, (011) 0 10 μm Amo et al., Science 33, 1167 (011) Vortex streets
26 Soliton nucleation v f = 1.7 μm/ps k= 0.73 μm High speed Δy (μm) Flow Amo et al., Science 33, 1167 (011) Soliton nucleation v f = 1.7 μm/ps k= 0.73 μm High speed Δy (μm) Flow 1D soliton in the x-direction y-direction: time coordinate movement of the soliton El et al., PRL 97, (006) Density Δφ π Phase Δx (μm) 0 Amo et al., Science 33, 1167 (011) Characteristic phase jump
27 Time Idea, Josephson Nobel 73 Supraconductors separated by a thin insulating layer Oscillations with cw V Q-Bits at 4 K.
28 Two spatially separated wells with BEC on each side Phase and density differences govern the oscillations To probe ΔΝ we performed temporally resolved real space imaging To probe Δφ we temporally resolved the interference pattern of the two wells Time averaged image
29
30
31 From interferogram reconstruction By fitting the sinusoidal behaviour in each pixel we get initial phase Phase and density Note phase profile shows oscillation smaller than π
32 63
33 Polariton bistability Baas et al, PRA, 69 (004) Bajoni et al, PRL, 101 (008) Sarkar et al, PRL, 101 (010) How to prepare traps for polaritons? 8 nm QW } } } Top DBR 1 pairs λ cavity Bottom DBR pairs GaAs AlAs In 0.04 Ga 0.96 As
34 Lateral confinement of photons 6 nm high mesa Ø: 3, 9, 19 μm 8 nm QW } } } Top DBR 1 pairs λ cavity Bottom DBR pairs GaAs AlAs In 0.04 Ga 0.96 As Real space spectroscopy of confined polaritons 3 μm 9 μm 19 μm Upper D Confined Upper Polaritons Lower D Confined Lower Polaritons
35 Momentum space spectrum of confined polaritons 3 μm 9 μm 19 μm Upper D Confined Upper Polaritons Lower D Confined Lower Polaritons Momentum space (negative detuning -6 mev) 3 μm 9 μm Upper D Lower D Confined Lower Polaritons 19 μm
36 Direct image in standard optics of the wavefunction of a quantum object! Low noise, frequency stabilized cw excitation nonlinearity: α 1 n > 0 (blueshift) Energy (ev) D 0D E1 GS Position ( ) σ Energy cw laser polariton state Transmission intensity σ Excitation intensity
37 Polaritons have spin ±1 Blueshift : α 1 n co + α n contra Anisotropy : α 1 >> α Elliptical excitation Sigma + Sigma - Energy Ell. laser 75-5 Transmission Excitation intensity Predicted by Gippius (PRL 07) Spinor Bistability : Elliptical excitation
38 Spinor Bistability : Elliptical excitation Spin-up / spin down intensity Output Polarization degree 100 σ ρ c σ Linearly polarized excitation Input power (mw)
39 Changing power Changing polarization At given polarization At given power Linear pump ρ p = ρ c ρ C Input Power(mW) ρ pump Sigma + ρ C Sigma Excitation polar degree
40 Streak camera screen Intesity (arb.) 6 x Sigma Plus Sigma Minus X Y σ time (ps) σ time (ps) Polarization degree time (ps) ( ) ( ) γ + β ψ i α ψ + α ψ + ψ δ 1 linψ 1 = F + 1 ψ Feshbach resonance in polaritons?
Hydrodynamic solitons in polariton superfluids
Hydrodynamic solitons in polariton superfluids Laboratoire Kastler Brossel (Paris) A. Amo * V.G. Sala,, R. Hivet, C. Adrados,, F. Pisanello, G. Lemenager,, J. Lefrère re, E. Giacobino, A. Bramati Laboratoire
More informationQuantum fluid phenomena with Microcavity Polaritons. Alberto Bramati
Quantum fluid phenomena with Microcavity Polaritons Alberto Bramati Quantum Optics Team: topics Quantum fluid phenomena in polariton gases An ideal system to study out of equilibrium quantum fluids Obstacle
More informationSupplementary material
SUPPLEMENTARY INFORMATION Supplementary material All-optical control of the quantum flow of a polariton condensate D. Sanvitto 1, S. Pigeon 2, A. Amo 3,4, D. Ballarini 5, M. De Giorgi 1, I. Carusotto 6,
More informationQuantised Vortices in an Exciton- Polariton Condensate
4 th International Conference on Spontaneous Coherence in Excitonic Systems Quantised Vortices in an Exciton- Polariton Condensate Konstantinos G. Lagoudakis 1, Michiel Wouters 2, Maxime Richard 1, Augustin
More informationPart3:Superfluidity: k Flow via obstacles, Persistent Currents & Quantised Vortices. Marzena Szymanska
Part3:Superfluidity: k Flow via obstacles, Persistent Currents & Quantised Vortices Marzena Szymanska Collaborators Theory F. M. Marchetti E. Cancellieri C. Tejedor D. Whittaker Experiment D. Sanvitto,
More informationMicrocavity Exciton-Polariton
Microcavity Exciton-Polariton Neil Na ( 那允中 ) Institute of Photonics Technologies National Tsing-Hua University 5/3/2012 Outline Microcavity Exciton-polariton QW excitons Microcavity photons Strong coupling
More informationDriven-dissipative polariton quantum fluids in and out of equilibrium
Driven-dissipative polariton quantum fluids in and out of equilibrium Marzena Szymańska Designer Quantum Systems Out of Equilibrium KITP, November 2016 Acknowledgements Group: A. Zamora G. Dagvadorj In
More informationDynamical Condensation of ExcitonPolaritons
ICSCE 2008 Dynamical Condensation of ExcitonPolaritons Y. Yamamoto, H. Deng, G. Weihs, C.W. Lai, G. Roumpos and S. Utsunomiya Stanford University and National Institute of Informatics Loeffler, S. Hoefling,
More informationPolariton laser in micropillar cavities
Polariton laser in micropillar cavities D. Bajoni, E. Wertz, P. Senellart, I. Sagnes, S. Bouchoule, A. Miard, E. Semenova, A. Lemaître and J. Bloch Laboratoire de Photonique et de Nanostructures LPN/CNRS,
More informationThe meaning of superfluidity for polariton condensates
The meaning of superfluidity for polariton condensates Iacopo Carusotto BEC CNR-INFM and Università di Trento, Italy Michiel Wouters EPFL, Lausanne, Switzerland Cristiano Ciuti and Simon Pigeon MPQ, Univ.
More informationSUPPLEMENTARY INFORMATION
doi:10.1038/nature12036 We provide in the following additional experimental data and details on our demonstration of an electrically pumped exciton-polariton laser by supplementing optical and electrical
More informationElectrically Driven Polariton Devices
Electrically Driven Polariton Devices Pavlos Savvidis Dept of Materials Sci. & Tech University of Crete / FORTH Polariton LED Rome, March 18, 211 Outline Polariton LED device operating up to room temperature
More informationPolariton Condensation
Polariton Condensation Marzena Szymanska University of Warwick Windsor 2010 Collaborators Theory J. Keeling P. B. Littlewood F. M. Marchetti Funding from Macroscopic Quantum Coherence Macroscopic Quantum
More informationFrom laser cooling to BEC First experiments of superfluid hydrodynamics
From laser cooling to BEC First experiments of superfluid hydrodynamics Alice Sinatra Quantum Fluids course - Complement 1 2013-2014 Plan 1 COOLING AND TRAPPING 2 CONDENSATION 3 NON-LINEAR PHYSICS AND
More informationSupporting Online Material for
www.sciencemag.org/cgi/content/full/33/634/1167/dc1 Suorting Online Material for Polariton Suerfluids Reveal Quantum Hydrodynamic Solitons A. Amo,* S. Pigeon, D. Sanvitto, V. G. Sala, R. Hivet, I. Carusotto,
More informationSupporting Online Material for
www.sciencemag.org/cgi/content/full/326/5955/974/dc1 Supporting Online Material for Observation of Half-Quantum Vortices in an Exciton-Polariton Condensate K. G. Lagoudakis,* T. Ostatnický, A. V. Kavokin,
More informationSpectroscopy of a non-equilibrium Tonks-Girardeau gas of strongly interacting photons
Spectroscopy of a non-equilibrium Tonks-Girardeau gas of strongly interacting photons Iacopo Carusotto BEC CNR-INFM and Università di Trento, Italy Institute of Quantum Electronics, ETH Zürich, Switzerland
More informationNon-equilibrium Bose-Einstein condensation phenomena in microcavity polariton systems
Non-equilibrium Bose-Einstein condensation phenomena in microcavity polariton systems Iacopo Carusotto BEC CNR-INFM and Università di Trento, Italy Michiel Wouters BEC CNR-INFM and Università di Trento,
More informationQuantised Vortices in an Exciton-Polariton Fluid
1 Quantised Vortices in an Exciton-Polariton Fluid K. G. Lagoudakis 1, M. Wouters, M. Richard 1, A. Baas 1, I. Carusotto, R. André 3, Le Si Dang 3, B. Deveaud-Pledran 1 1 IPEQ, Ecole Polytechnique Fédérale
More informationElements of Quantum Optics
Pierre Meystre Murray Sargent III Elements of Quantum Optics Fourth Edition With 124 Figures fya Springer Contents 1 Classical Electromagnetic Fields 1 1.1 Maxwell's Equations in a Vacuum 2 1.2 Maxwell's
More informationManipulating Polariton Condensates on a Chip
Manipulating Polariton Condensates on a Chip Pavlos G. Savvidis University of Crete, FORTH-IESL Tbilisi 19.09.12 Acknowledgements Prof. PG Savvidis Dr. Peter Eldridge Dr. Simos Tsintzos PhD Niccolo Somaschi
More informationSuperfluidity of a 2D Bose gas (arxiv: v1)
Superfluidity of a 2D Bose gas (arxiv:1205.4536v1) Christof Weitenberg, Rémi Desbuquois, Lauriane Chomaz, Tarik Yefsah, Julian Leonard, Jérôme Beugnon, Jean Dalibard Trieste 18.07.2012 Phase transitions
More informationQuantum superpositions and correlations in coupled atomic-molecular BECs
Quantum superpositions and correlations in coupled atomic-molecular BECs Karén Kheruntsyan and Peter Drummond Department of Physics, University of Queensland, Brisbane, AUSTRALIA Quantum superpositions
More informationProbing microcavity polariton superfluidity through resonant Rayleigh scattering
Probing microcavity polariton superfluidity through resonant Rayleigh scattering Iacopo Carusotto, Cristiano Ciuti To cite this version: Iacopo Carusotto, Cristiano Ciuti. Probing microcavity polariton
More informationSUPPLEMENTARY INFORMATION
Summary We describe the signatures of exciton-polariton condensation without a periodically modulated potential, focusing on the spatial coherence properties and condensation in momentum space. The characteristics
More information5. Gross-Pitaevskii theory
5. Gross-Pitaevskii theory Outline N noninteracting bosons N interacting bosons, many-body Hamiltonien Mean-field approximation, order parameter Gross-Pitaevskii equation Collapse for attractive interaction
More informationROTONS AND STRIPES IN SPIN-ORBIT COUPLED BECs
INT Seattle 5 March 5 ROTONS AND STRIPES IN SPIN-ORBIT COUPLED BECs Yun Li, Giovanni Martone, Lev Pitaevskii and Sandro Stringari University of Trento CNR-INO Now in Swinburne Now in Bari Stimulating discussions
More informationQuantum coherence in semiconductor nanostructures. Jacqueline Bloch
Quantum coherence in semiconductor nanostructures Jacqueline Bloch Laboratoire of Photonic and Nanostructures LPN/CNRS Marcoussis Jacqueline.bloch@lpn.cnrs.fr Laboratoire de Photonique et de Nanostructures
More informationNumerical observation of Hawking radiation from acoustic black holes in atomic Bose-Einstein condensates
Numerical observation of Hawking radiation from acoustic black holes in atomic Bose-Einstein condensates Iacopo Carusotto BEC CNR-INFM and Università di Trento, Italy In collaboration with: Alessio Recati
More informationDesign and realization of exotic quantum phases in atomic gases
Design and realization of exotic quantum phases in atomic gases H.P. Büchler and P. Zoller Theoretische Physik, Universität Innsbruck, Austria Institut für Quantenoptik und Quanteninformation der Österreichischen
More informationWe can then linearize the Heisenberg equation for in the small quantity obtaining a set of linear coupled equations for and :
Wednesday, April 23, 2014 9:37 PM Excitations in a Bose condensate So far: basic understanding of the ground state wavefunction for a Bose-Einstein condensate; We need to know: elementary excitations in
More informationAll-optical control of the quantum flow of a polariton superfluid
All-optical control of the quantum flow of a polariton superfluid D. Sanvitto 1, S. Pigeon 2, A. Amo 3,4, D. Ballarini 5, M. De Giorgi 1, I. Carusotto 6, R. Hivet 3, F. Pisanello 3, V. G. Sala 3, P. S.
More informationIntroduction to Cold Atoms and Bose-Einstein Condensation. Randy Hulet
Introduction to Cold Atoms and Bose-Einstein Condensation Randy Hulet Outline Introduction to methods and concepts of cold atom physics Interactions Feshbach resonances Quantum Gases Quantum regime nλ
More informationNonequilibrium dynamics of interacting systems of cold atoms
Nonequilibrium dynamics of interacting systems of cold atoms Eugene Demler Harvard University Collaborators: Ehud Altman, Anton Burkov, Robert Cherng, Adilet Imambekov, Vladimir Gritsev, Mikhail Lukin,
More informationObservation of bright polariton solitons in a semiconductor microcavity. Abstract
Observation of bright polariton solitons in a semiconductor microcavity M. Sich, 1 D. N. Krizhanovskii, 1 M. S. Skolnick, 1 A. V. Gorbach, 2 R. Hartley, 2 D. V. Skryabin, 2 E. A. Cerda-Méndez, 3 K. Biermann,
More informationNon-equilibrium quantum many-body physics with optical systems
Non-equilibrium quantum many-body physics with optical systems Iacopo Carusotto BEC CNR-INFM and Università di Trento, Italy Many experimental signatures of polariton BEC 1 Narrowing of the momentum distribution
More informationDrag force and superfluidity in the supersolid striped phase of a spin-orbit-coupled Bose gas
/ 6 Drag force and superfluidity in the supersolid striped phase of a spin-orbit-coupled Bose gas Giovanni Italo Martone with G. V. Shlyapnikov Worhshop on Exploring Nuclear Physics with Ultracold Atoms
More informationPAPER 84 QUANTUM FLUIDS
MATHEMATICAL TRIPOS Part III Wednesday 6 June 2007 9.00 to 11.00 PAPER 84 QUANTUM FLUIDS Attempt TWO questions. There are FOUR questions in total. The questions carry equal weight. STATIONERY REQUIREMENTS
More informationConfining ultracold atoms on a ring in reduced dimensions
Confining ultracold atoms on a ring in reduced dimensions Hélène Perrin Laboratoire de physique des lasers, CNRS-Université Paris Nord Charge and heat dynamics in nano-systems Orsay, October 11, 2011 What
More informationNumerical observation of Hawking radiation from acoustic black holes in atomic Bose-Einstein condensates
Numerical observation of Hawking radiation from acoustic black holes in atomic Bose-Einstein condensates Iacopo Carusotto BEC CNR-INFM and Università di Trento, Italy Institute of Quantum Electronics,
More informationSUPERFLUIDTY IN ULTRACOLD ATOMIC GASES
College de France, May 14, 2013 SUPERFLUIDTY IN ULTRACOLD ATOMIC GASES Sandro Stringari Università di Trento CNR-INFM PLAN OF THE LECTURES Lecture 1. Superfluidity in ultra cold atomic gases: examples
More informationSYNTHETIC GAUGE FIELDS IN ULTRACOLD ATOMIC GASES
Congresso Nazionale della Società Italiana di Fisica Università della Calabria 17/21 Settembre 2018 SYNTHETIC GAUGE FIELDS IN ULTRACOLD ATOMIC GASES Sandro Stringari Università di Trento CNR-INO - Bose-Einstein
More informationSuperfluidity in bosonic systems
Superfluidity in bosonic systems Rico Pires PI Uni Heidelberg Outline Strongly coupled quantum fluids 2.1 Dilute Bose gases 2.2 Liquid Helium Wieman/Cornell A. Leitner, from wikimedia When are quantum
More informationFundamentals and New Frontiers of Bose Einstein Condensation
Contents Preface v 1. Fundamentals of Bose Einstein Condensation 1 1.1 Indistinguishability of Identical Particles.......... 1 1.2 Ideal Bose Gas in a Uniform System............ 3 1.3 Off-Diagonal Long-Range
More informationPhilipp T. Ernst, Sören Götze, Jannes Heinze, Jasper Krauser, Christoph Becker & Klaus Sengstock. Project within FerMix collaboration
Analysis ofbose Bose-Fermi Mixturesin in Optical Lattices Philipp T. Ernst, Sören Götze, Jannes Heinze, Jasper Krauser, Christoph Becker & Klaus Sengstock Project within FerMix collaboration Motivation
More informationBose-Einstein Condensate: A New state of matter
Bose-Einstein Condensate: A New state of matter KISHORE T. KAPALE June 24, 2003 BOSE-EINSTEIN CONDENSATE: A NEW STATE OF MATTER 1 Outline Introductory Concepts Bosons and Fermions Classical and Quantum
More informationSome theory of polariton condensation and dynamics
Some theory of polariton condensation and dynamics Peter Littlewood, Argonne and U Chicago Richard Brierley, Yale, Cele Creatore, Cambridge Sahinur Reja, Dresden Paul Eastham, Trinity College, Dublin Francesca
More informationWorkshop on Topics in Quantum Turbulence March Experiments on Bose Condensates
2023-24 Workshop on Topics in Quantum Turbulence 16-20 March 2009 Experiments on Bose Condensates K. Helmerson National Institute of Standards and Technology Gaithersburg U.S.A. Atomic gas Bose-Einstein
More informationPhysics 598 ESM Term Paper Giant vortices in rapidly rotating Bose-Einstein condensates
Physics 598 ESM Term Paper Giant vortices in rapidly rotating Bose-Einstein condensates Kuei Sun May 4, 2006 kueisun2@uiuc.edu Department of Physics, University of Illinois at Urbana- Champaign, 1110 W.
More informationCold atoms. 1: Bose-Einstein Condensation. Emil Lundh. April 13, Department of Physics Umeå University
1: Bose-Einstein Condensation Department of Physics Umeå University lundh@tp.umu.se April 13, 2011 Umeå 114 000 inhabitants Average age 37.9 years Cultural capital of Europe 2014 400 km ski tracks 180
More informationWhen superfluids are a drag
When superfluids are a drag KITP October 2008 David Roberts Los Alamos National Laboratory In collaboration with Yves Pomeau (ENS), Andrew Sykes (Queensland), Matt Davis (Queensland), What makes superfluids
More informationEntangled Photon Generation via Biexciton in a Thin Film
Entangled Photon Generation via Biexciton in a Thin Film Hiroshi Ajiki Tokyo Denki University 24,Apr. 2017 Emerging Topics in Optics (IMA, Univ. Minnesota) Entangled Photon Generation Two-photon cascade
More informationIntroduction to Classical and Quantum FEL Theory R. Bonifacio University of Milano and INFN LNF
Introduction to Classical and Quantum FEL Theory R. Bonifacio University of Milano and INFN LNF Natal 2016 1 1 OUTLINE Classical SASE and spiking Semi-classical FEL theory: quantum purification Fully quantum
More informationarxiv: v3 [cond-mat.mtrl-sci] 3 Dec 2007
using single micropillar GaAs-GaAlAs semiconductor cavities Daniele Bajoni, 1 Pascale Senellart, 1 Esther Wertz, 1 Isabelle Sagnes, 1 Audrey Miard, 1 Aristide Lemaître, 1 and Jacqueline Bloch 1, 1 CNRS-Laboratoire
More informationIn Situ Imaging of Cold Atomic Gases
In Situ Imaging of Cold Atomic Gases J. D. Crossno Abstract: In general, the complex atomic susceptibility, that dictates both the amplitude and phase modulation imparted by an atom on a probing monochromatic
More informationStrongly Correlated Systems of Cold Atoms Detection of many-body quantum phases by measuring correlation functions
Strongly Correlated Systems of Cold Atoms Detection of many-body quantum phases by measuring correlation functions Anatoli Polkovnikov Boston University Ehud Altman Weizmann Vladimir Gritsev Harvard Mikhail
More informationLooking into the ultrafast dynamics of electrons
Looking into the ultrafast dynamics of electrons G. Sansone 1,2,3 1) Dipartimento di Fisica Politecnico Milano, Italy 2) Institute of Photonics and Nanotechnology, CNR Politecnico Milano Italy 3) Extreme
More informationRoom temperature one-dimensional polariton condensate in a ZnO microwire
Room temperature one-dimensional polariton condensate in a ZnO microwire Liaoxin Sun, 1,3 Shulin Sun, 1 Hongxing Dong, 1 Wei Xie, 1 M. Richard, 2 Lei Zhou, 1 Zhanghai Chen, 1, a L. S. Dang, 2 Xuechu Shen
More informationSpontaneous Symmetry Breaking in Bose-Einstein Condensates
The 10th US-Japan Joint Seminar Spontaneous Symmetry Breaking in Bose-Einstein Condensates Masahito UEDA Tokyo Institute of Technology, ERATO, JST collaborators Yuki Kawaguchi (Tokyo Institute of Technology)
More information(1) BEC (2) BEC (1) (BEC) BEC BEC (5) BEC (LT) (QFS) BEC (3) BEC. 3 He. 4 He. 4 He 3 He
22 (BEC) 4 He BEC We study theoretically and experimentally quantum hydrodynamics in quantum condensed phases at low temperature, namely superfluid helium and atomic Bose-Einstein condensates (BECs). Quantum
More informationLast Lecture. Overview and Introduction. 1. Basic optics and spectroscopy. 2. Lasers. 3. Ultrafast lasers and nonlinear optics
Last Lecture Overview and Introduction 1. Basic optics and spectroscopy. Lasers 3. Ultrafast lasers and nonlinear optics 4. Time-resolved spectroscopy techniques Jigang Wang, Feb, 009 Today 1. Spectroscopy
More informationThe phonon dispersion relation of a Bose-Einstein condensate
The phonon dispersion relation of a Bose-Einstein condensate I. Shammass, 1 S. Rinott, 2 A. Berkovitz, 2 R. Schley, 2 and J. Steinhauer 2 1 Department of Condensed Matter Physics, Weizmann Institute of
More informationMatter wave interferometry beyond classical limits
Max-Planck-Institut für Quantenoptik Varenna school on Atom Interferometry, 15.07.2013-20.07.2013 The Plan Lecture 1 (Wednesday): Quantum noise in interferometry and Spin Squeezing Lecture 2 (Friday):
More informationDept. of Physics, MIT Manipal 1
Chapter 1: Optics 1. In the phenomenon of interference, there is A Annihilation of light energy B Addition of energy C Redistribution energy D Creation of energy 2. Interference fringes are obtained using
More informationA Mixture of Bose and Fermi Superfluids. C. Salomon
A Mixture of Bose and Fermi Superfluids C. Salomon INT workshop Frontiers in quantum simulation with cold atoms University of Washington, April 2, 2015 The ENS Fermi Gas Team F. Chevy, Y. Castin, F. Werner,
More information6. Interference of BECs
6. Interference of BECs Josephson effects Weak link: tunnel junction between two traps. Josephson oscillation An initial imbalance between the population of the double well potential leads to periodic
More informationNon-equilibrium Bose-Einstein condensation phenomena in microcavity polariton systems
Non-equilibrium Bose-Einstein condensation phenomena in microcavity polariton systems Iacopo Carusotto BEC CNR-INFM and Università di Trento, Italy Michiel Wouters EPFL, Lausanne, Switzerland Cristiano
More informationPairing Phases of Polaritons
Pairing Phases of Polaritons Jonathan Keeling 1 University of St Andrews 6 YEARS Pisa, January 14 Jonathan Keeling Pairing Phases of Polaritons Pisa, January 14 1 / 34 Bose-Einstein condensation: macroscopic
More informationAdiabatic trap deformation for preparing Quantum Hall states
Marco Roncaglia, Matteo Rizzi, and Jean Dalibard Adiabatic trap deformation for preparing Quantum Hall states Max-Planck Institut für Quantenoptik, München, Germany Dipartimento di Fisica del Politecnico,
More informationControl of dispersion effects for resonant ultrashort pulses M. A. Bouchene, J. C. Delagnes
Control of dispersion effects for resonant ultrashort pulses M. A. Bouchene, J. C. Delagnes Laboratoire «Collisions, Agrégats, Réactivité», Université Paul Sabatier, Toulouse, France Context: - Dispersion
More informationSupplementary Figure 1: Reflectance at low detuning. Reflectance as a function of the pump power for a pump-polariton detuning of 0.10meV.
Supplementary Figure 1: Reflectance at low detuning. Reflectance as a function of the pump power for a pump-polariton detuning of 0.10meV. The pillar is 6µm of diameter and the cavity detuning is δ = 5meV.
More informationHong-Ou-Mandel effect with matter waves
Hong-Ou-Mandel effect with matter waves R. Lopes, A. Imanaliev, A. Aspect, M. Cheneau, DB, C. I. Westbrook Laboratoire Charles Fabry, Institut d Optique, CNRS, Univ Paris-Sud Progresses in quantum information
More informationQuantum fluids of light under synthetic gauge fields
Quantum fluids of light under synthetic gauge fields Iacopo Carusotto INO-CNR BEC Center and Università di Trento, Italy In collaboration with: Onur Umucalilar ( Antwerp), Marco Cominotti ( Grenoble), Tomoki
More informationInfluence of hyperfine interaction on optical orientation in self-assembled InAs/GaAs quantum dots
Influence of hyperfine interaction on optical orientation in self-assembled InAs/GaAs quantum dots O. Krebs, B. Eble (PhD), S. Laurent (PhD), K. Kowalik (PhD) A. Kudelski, A. Lemaître, and P. Voisin Laboratoire
More informationSingle-mode Polariton Laser in a Designable Microcavity
Single-mode Polariton Laser in a Designable Microcavity Hui Deng Physics, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor Michigan Team: Bo Zhang Zhaorong Wang Seonghoon Kim Collaborators: S Brodbeck, C Schneider, M
More informationSpinor Bose gases lecture outline
Spinor Bose gases lecture outline 1. Basic properties 2. Magnetic order of spinor Bose-Einstein condensates 3. Imaging spin textures 4. Spin-mixing dynamics 5. Magnetic excitations We re here Coupling
More informationRoom Temperature Polariton Lasing in All-Inorganic. Perovskite Nanoplatelets
Supplementary Information for Room Temperature Polariton Lasing in All-Inorganic Perovskite Nanoplatelets Rui Su, Carole Diederichs,, Jun Wang, ǁ Timothy C.H. Liew, Jiaxin Zhao, Sheng Liu, Weigao Xu, Zhanghai
More informationNon-equilibrium Dynamics in Ultracold Fermionic and Bosonic Gases
Non-equilibrium Dynamics in Ultracold Fermionic and Bosonic Gases Michael KöhlK ETH Zürich Z (www.quantumoptics.ethz.ch( www.quantumoptics.ethz.ch) Introduction Why should a condensed matter physicist
More informationSUPPLEMENTARY INFORMATION
SUPPLEMENTARY INFORMATION DOI: 0.038/NPHYS406 Half-solitons in a polariton quantum fluid behave like magnetic monopoles R. Hivet, H. Flayac, D. D. Solnyshkov, D. Tanese 3, T. Boulier, D. Andreoli, E. Giacobino,
More informationLecture 4: Superfluidity
Lecture 4: Superfluidity Kicking Bogoliubov quasiparticles FIG. 1. The Bragg and condensate clouds. (a) Average of two absorption images after 38 msec time of flight, following a resonant Bragg pulse with
More informationIntroduction to Atomic Physics and Quantum Optics
Physics 404 and Physics 690-03 Introduction to Atomic Physics and Quantum Optics [images courtesy of Thywissen group, U of T] Prof. Seth Aubin Office: room 255, Small Hall, tel: 1-3545 Lab: room 069, Small
More informationCavity decay rate in presence of a Slow-Light medium
Cavity decay rate in presence of a Slow-Light medium Laboratoire Aimé Cotton, Orsay, France Thomas Lauprêtre Fabienne Goldfarb Fabien Bretenaker School of Physical Sciences, Jawaharlal Nehru University,
More informationSuperfluid vortex with Mott insulating core
Superfluid vortex with Mott insulating core Congjun Wu, Han-dong Chen, Jiang-ping Hu, and Shou-cheng Zhang (cond-mat/0211457) Department of Physics, Stanford University Department of Applied Physics, Stanford
More informationMotion and motional qubit
Quantized motion Motion and motional qubit... > > n=> > > motional qubit N ions 3 N oscillators Motional sidebands Excitation spectrum of the S / transition -level-atom harmonic trap coupled system & transitions
More informationFrom BEC to BCS. Molecular BECs and Fermionic Condensates of Cooper Pairs. Preseminar Extreme Matter Institute EMMI. and
From BEC to BCS Molecular BECs and Fermionic Condensates of Cooper Pairs Preseminar Extreme Matter Institute EMMI Andre Wenz Max-Planck-Institute for Nuclear Physics and Matthias Kronenwett Institute for
More informationRaman-Induced Oscillation Between an Atomic and Molecular Gas
Raman-Induced Oscillation Between an Atomic and Molecular Gas Dan Heinzen Changhyun Ryu, Emek Yesilada, Xu Du, Shoupu Wan Dept. of Physics, University of Texas at Austin Support: NSF, R.A. Welch Foundation,
More informationFluids with dipolar coupling
Fluids with dipolar coupling Rosensweig instability M. D. Cowley and R. E. Rosensweig, J. Fluid Mech. 30, 671 (1967) CO.CO.MAT SFB/TRR21 STUTTGART, ULM, TÜBINGEN FerMix 2009 Meeting, Trento A Quantum Ferrofluid
More informationUltra-cold gases. Alessio Recati. CNR INFM BEC Center/ Dip. Fisica, Univ. di Trento (I) & Dep. Physik, TUM (D) TRENTO
Ultra-cold gases Alessio Recati CNR INFM BEC Center/ Dip. Fisica, Univ. di Trento (I) & Dep. Physik, TUM (D) TRENTO Lectures L. 1) Introduction to ultracold gases Bosonic atoms: - From weak to strong interacting
More informationIntroduction to Atomic Physics and Quantum Optics
Physics 404 and Physics 690-03 Introduction to Atomic Physics and Quantum Optics [images courtesy of Thywissen group, U of T] Instructor Prof. Seth Aubin Office: room 245, Millington Hall, tel: 1-3545
More informationQuantum noise studies of ultracold atoms
Quantum noise studies of ultracold atoms Eugene Demler Harvard University Collaborators: Ehud Altman, Robert Cherng, Adilet Imambekov, Vladimir Gritsev, Mikhail Lukin, Anatoli Polkovnikov Funded by NSF,
More informationGround state cooling via Sideband cooling. Fabian Flassig TUM June 26th, 2013
Ground state cooling via Sideband cooling Fabian Flassig TUM June 26th, 2013 Motivation Gain ultimate control over all relevant degrees of freedom Necessary for constant atomic transition frequencies Do
More informationCHAPTER 1 INTRODUCTION 1.1 FROM ELECTRONICS TO OPTOELECTRONICS
CHAPTER 1 INTRODUCTION 1.1 FROM ELECTRONICS TO OPTOELECTRONICS The huge success of semiconductor electronics came from the fact that semiconductors can have a miniscule size and can dynamically change
More informationLearning about order from noise
Learning about order from noise Quantum noise studies of ultracold atoms Eugene Demler Harvard University Collaborators: Ehud Altman, Robert Cherng, Adilet Imambekov, Vladimir Gritsev, Mikhail Lukin, Anatoli
More informationElectron-polariton scattering, beneficial and detrimental effects
phys. stat. sol. (c) 1, No. 6, 1333 1338 (2004) / DOI 10.1002/pssc.200304063 Electron-polariton scattering, beneficial and detrimental effects P. G. Lagoudakis *, 1, J. J. Baumberg 1, M. D. Martin 1, A.
More informationThe phases of matter familiar for us from everyday life are: solid, liquid, gas and plasma (e.f. flames of fire). There are, however, many other
1 The phases of matter familiar for us from everyday life are: solid, liquid, gas and plasma (e.f. flames of fire). There are, however, many other phases of matter that have been experimentally observed,
More informationQuantum optics. Marian O. Scully Texas A&M University and Max-Planck-Institut für Quantenoptik. M. Suhail Zubairy Quaid-i-Azam University
Quantum optics Marian O. Scully Texas A&M University and Max-Planck-Institut für Quantenoptik M. Suhail Zubairy Quaid-i-Azam University 1 CAMBRIDGE UNIVERSITY PRESS Preface xix 1 Quantum theory of radiation
More informationPairing Phases of Polaritons
Pairing Phases of Polaritons Jonathan Keeling University of St Andrews 6 YEARS St Petersburg, March 14 Jonathan Keeling Pairing Phases of Polaritons St Petersburg, March 14 1 / 11 Outline 1 Introduction
More informationRoton Mode in Dipolar Bose-Einstein Condensates
Roton Mode in Dipolar Bose-Einstein Condensates Sandeep Indian Institute of Science Department of Physics, Bangalore March 14, 2013 BECs vs Dipolar Bose-Einstein Condensates Although quantum gases are
More informationDeterministic Coherent Writing and Control of the Dark Exciton Spin using Short Single Optical Pulses
Deterministic Coherent Writing and Control of the Dark Exciton Spin using Short Single Optical Pulses Ido Schwartz, Dan Cogan, Emma Schmidgall, Liron Gantz, Yaroslav Don and David Gershoni The Physics
More informationCavity Solitons positioning and drift in presence of a phase gradient
Cavity Solitons positioning and drift in presence of a phase gradient F. Pedaci, S. Barland, E. Caboche, P. Genevet, M. Giudici, J. Tredicce Institut non linéaire de Nice Acknowledge: FunFACS CEE project
More information