Molecular Electronics

Size: px
Start display at page:

Download "Molecular Electronics"

Transcription

1 Molecular Electronics An Introduction to Theory and Experiment Juan Carlos Cuevas Universidad Autönoma de Madrid, Spain Elke Scheer Universität Konstanz, Germany 1>World Scientific NEW JERSEY LONDON SINGAPORE BEIJING SHANGHAI HONG KONG TAIPEI CHENNAI

2 Contents Preface Acknowledgments vii ix Brief history of the field and experimental techniques 1 1. The birth of molecular electronics Why molecular electronics? A brief history of molecular electronics Scope and structure of the book Fabrication of metallic atomic-size contacts Introduction Techniques involving the scanning electron microscope (STM) Methods using atomic forte microscopes (AFM) Contacts between macroscopic wires Transmission electron microscope Mechanically controllable break-junctions (MCBJ) Electromigration technique Electrochemical methods Recent developments Electronic transport measurements Exercises xi

3 xii Molecular Electronics: An Introduction to Theory and Experiment 3. Contacting single molecules: Experimental techniques Introduction Molecules for molecular electronics Hydrocarbons All carbon materials DNA and DNA derivatives Metal-molecule contacts: anchoring groups Conclusions: molecular functionalities Deposition of molecules Contacting single molecules Electromigration technique Molecular contacts using the transmission electron microscope Gold nanoparticle dumbbells Scanning probe techniques Mechanically controllable break-junctions (MCBJs) Contacting molecular ensembles Nanopores Shadow masks Conductive polymer electrodes Microtransfer printing Gold nanoparticle arrays Exercises Theoretical background The scattering approach to phase-coherent transport in nanocontacts Introduction From mesoscopic conductors to atomic-scale junctions Conductance is transmission: Heuristic derivation of the Landauer formula Penetration of a potential barrier: Tunnel effect The scattering matrix Definition and properties of the scattering matrix Combining scattering matrices Multichannel Landauer formula... 92

4 Contents xiii Conductance quantization in 2DEG: Landauer formula at work Shot noise Thermal transport and thermoelectric phenomena Limitations of the scattering approach Exercises Introduction to Green's function techniques for systems in equilibrium The Schrödinger and Heisenberg pictures Green's functions of a noninteracting electron system Application to tight-binding Hamiltonians Example 1: A hydrogen molecule Example 2: Semi-infinite linear chain Example 3: A single level coupled to electrodes Green's functions in time domain The Lehmann representation Relation to observables Equation of motion method Exercises Green's functions and Feynman diagrams The interaction picture The time-evolution operator Perturbative expansion of causal Green's functions Wick's theorem Feynman diagrams Feynman diagrams for the electron-electron interaction Feynman diagrams for an external potential Feynman diagrams in energy space Electronic self-energy and Dyson's equation Self-consistent diagrammatic theory: The Hartree-Fock approximation The Anderson model and the Kondo effect Friedel sum rule Perturbative analysis Final remarks

5 xiv Molecular Electronics: An Introduction to Theory and Experiment 6.11 Exercises Nonequilibrium Green's functions formalism The Keldysh formalism Diagrammatic expansion in the Keldysh formalism Basic relations and equations in the Keldysh formalism Relations between the Green's functions The triangular representation Unperturbed Keldysh-Green's functions Some comments an the notation Application of Keldysh formalism to simple transport problems Electrical current through a metallic atomic contact Shot noise in an atomic contact Current through a resonant level Exercises Formulas of the electrical current: Exploitin.g the Keldysh formalism Elastic current: Microscopic derivation of the Landauer formula An example: back to the resonant tunneling model Nonorthogonal basis sets Spin-dependent elastic transport Current through an interacting atomic-scale junction Electron-phonon interaction in the resonant tunneling model The Meir-Wingreen formula Time-dependent transport in nanoscale junctions Photon-assisted resonant tunneling Exercises Electronic structure I: Tight-binding approach Basics of the tight-binding approach The extended Hückel method Matrix elements in solid state approaches Two-center matrix elements Slater-Koster two-center approximation

6 Contents xv 9.5 Some illustrative examples Example 1: A benzene molecule Example 2: Energy bands in line, square and cubic Bravais lattices Example 3: Energy bands of graphene The NRL tight-binding method The tight-binding approach in molecular electronics Some comments an the practical implementation of the tight-binding approach Tight-binding simulations of atomic-scale transport junctions Exercises Electronic structure II: Density functional theory Elementary quantum mechanics The Schrödinger equation The variational principle for the ground state The Hartree-Fock approximation Early density functional theories The Hohenberg-Kohn theorems The Kohn-Sham approach The exchange-correlation functionals LDA approximation The generalized gradient approximation Hybrid functionals The basic machinery of DFT The LCAO Ansatz in the Kohn-Sham equations Basis sets DFT performance DFT in molecular electronics Combining DFT with NEGF techniques Pluses and minuses of DFT-NEGF-based methods Exercises Metallic atomic-size contacts The conductance of a single atom Landauer approach to conductance: brief reminder

7 xvi Molecular Electronics: An Introduction to Theory and Experiment 11.2 Conductance of atomic-scale contacts Conductance histograms Determining the conduction channels The chemical nature of the conduction channels of oneatom contacts Some further issues Conductance fluctuations Atomic chains: Parity oscillations in the conductance Concluding remarks Exercises Spin-dependent transport in ferromagnetic atomic contacts Conductance of ferromagnetic atomic contacts Magnetoresistance of ferromagnetic atomic contacts Anisotropic magnetoresistance in atomic contacts Concluding remarks and open problems Transport through molecular junctions Coherent transport through molecular junctions I: Basic concepts Identifying the transport mechanism in single-molecule junctions Some lessons from the resonant tunneling model Shape of the I-V curves Molecular contacts as tunnel junctions Temperature dependence of the current Symmetry of the I-V curves The resonant tunneling model at work A two-level model Length dependence of the conductance Role of conjugation in ir-electron systems Fano resonances Negative differential resistance Final remarks Exercises

8 Contents xvii 14. Coherent transport through molecular junctions II: Test-bed molecules Coherent transport through some test-bed molecules Benzenedithiol: how everything started Conductance of alkanedithiol molecular junctions: A reference system The smallest molecular junction: Hydrogen bridges Highly conductive benzene junctions Metal-molecule contact: The role of anchoring groups Tuning chemically the conductance: The role of side-groups Controlled STM-based single-molecule experiments Conclusions and open problems Single-molecule transistors: Coulomb blockade and Kondo physics Introduction Charging effects in transport through nanoscale devices Single-molecule three-terminal devices Coulomb blockade theory: Constant interaction model Formulation of the problem Periodicity of the Coulomb blockade oscillations Qualitative discussion of the transport characteristics Amplitudes and line shapes: Rate equations Towards a theory of Coulomb blockade in molecular transistors Many-body master equations A simple example: The Anderson model Intermediate coupling: Cotunneling and Kondo effect Elastic and inelastic cotunneling Kondo effect Single-molecule transistors: Experimental results Exercises Vibrationally-induced inelastic current 1: Experiment Introduction

9 xviii Molecular Electronics: An Introduction to Theory and Experiment 16.2 Inelastic electron tunneling spectroscopy (IETS) Highly conductive junctions: Point-contact spectroscopy (PCS) Crossover between PCS and IETS Resonant inelastic electron tunneling spectroscopy (RIETS) Summary of vibrational signatures Vibrationally-induced inelastic current II: Theory Weak electron-phonon coupling regime Single-phonon model Ab initio description of inelastic currents Intermediate electron-phonon coupling regime Strong electron-phonon coupling regime Coulomb blockade regime Interplay of Kondo physics and vibronic effects Concluding remarks and open problems Exercises The hopping regime and transport through DNA molecules Signatures of the hopping regime Hopping transport in molecular junctions: Experimental examples DNA-based molecular junctions Exercises Beyond electrical conductance: Shot noise and thermal transport Shot noise in atomic and molecular junctions Heating and heat conduction General considerations Thermal conductance Heating and junction temperature Thermoelectricity in molecular junctions Optical properties of current-carrying molecular junctions 579

10 Contents xix 20.1 Surface-enhanced Raman spectroscopy of molecular junctions Transport mechanisms in irradiated molecular junctions Theory of photon-assisted tunneling Basic theory Theory of PAT in atomic contacts Theory of PAT in molecular junctions Experiments an radiation-induced transport in atomic and molecular junctions Resonant current amplification and other transport phenomena in ac driven molecular junctions Fluorescence from current-carrying molecular junctions Molecular optoelectronic devices Final remarks Exercises What is missing in this book? 617 Appendixes 621 Appendix A Second Quantization 623 A.1 Harmonie oscillator and phonons A.1.1 Review of simple harmonic oscillator quantization 624 A.1.2 1D harmonic chain A.2 Second quantization for fermions A.2.1 Many-body wave function in second quantization 628 A.2.2 Creation and annihilation operators A.2.3 Operators in second quantization A.2.4 Some special Hamiltonians A.3 Second quantization for bosons A.4 Exercises Bibliography 639 Index 699

The Physics of Nanoelectronics

The Physics of Nanoelectronics The Physics of Nanoelectronics Transport and Fluctuation Phenomena at Low Temperatures Tero T. Heikkilä Low Temperature Laboratory, Aalto University, Finland OXFORD UNIVERSITY PRESS Contents List of symbols

More information

Electrical Transport in Nanoscale Systems

Electrical Transport in Nanoscale Systems Electrical Transport in Nanoscale Systems Description This book provides an in-depth description of transport phenomena relevant to systems of nanoscale dimensions. The different viewpoints and theoretical

More information

Quantum Tunneling and

Quantum Tunneling and BEIJING SHANGHAI Quantum Tunneling and Field Electron Emission Theories Shi-Dong Liang Sun Yat-Sen University, China World Scientific NEW JERSEY LONDON SINGAPORE HONG KONG TAIPEI CHENNAI Contents Preface

More information

Preface Introduction to the electron liquid

Preface Introduction to the electron liquid Table of Preface page xvii 1 Introduction to the electron liquid 1 1.1 A tale of many electrons 1 1.2 Where the electrons roam: physical realizations of the electron liquid 5 1.2.1 Three dimensions 5 1.2.2

More information

PRINCIPLES OF PHYSICS. \Hp. Ni Jun TSINGHUA. Physics. From Quantum Field Theory. to Classical Mechanics. World Scientific. Vol.2. Report and Review in

PRINCIPLES OF PHYSICS. \Hp. Ni Jun TSINGHUA. Physics. From Quantum Field Theory. to Classical Mechanics. World Scientific. Vol.2. Report and Review in LONDON BEIJING HONG TSINGHUA Report and Review in Physics Vol2 PRINCIPLES OF PHYSICS From Quantum Field Theory to Classical Mechanics Ni Jun Tsinghua University, China NEW JERSEY \Hp SINGAPORE World Scientific

More information

Preface. Preface to the Third Edition. Preface to the Second Edition. Preface to the First Edition. 1 Introduction 1

Preface. Preface to the Third Edition. Preface to the Second Edition. Preface to the First Edition. 1 Introduction 1 xi Contents Preface Preface to the Third Edition Preface to the Second Edition Preface to the First Edition v vii viii ix 1 Introduction 1 I GENERAL THEORY OF OPEN QUANTUM SYSTEMS 5 Diverse limited approaches:

More information

QUANTUM MECHANICS. Franz Schwabl. Translated by Ronald Kates. ff Springer

QUANTUM MECHANICS. Franz Schwabl. Translated by Ronald Kates. ff Springer Franz Schwabl QUANTUM MECHANICS Translated by Ronald Kates Second Revised Edition With 122Figures, 16Tables, Numerous Worked Examples, and 126 Problems ff Springer Contents 1. Historical and Experimental

More information

Green's Function in. Condensed Matter Physics. Wang Huaiyu. Alpha Science International Ltd. SCIENCE PRESS 2 Beijing \S7 Oxford, U.K.

Green's Function in. Condensed Matter Physics. Wang Huaiyu. Alpha Science International Ltd. SCIENCE PRESS 2 Beijing \S7 Oxford, U.K. Green's Function in Condensed Matter Physics Wang Huaiyu SCIENCE PRESS 2 Beijing \S7 Oxford, U.K. Alpha Science International Ltd. CONTENTS Part I Green's Functions in Mathematical Physics Chapter 1 Time-Independent

More information

Quantum. Mechanics. Y y. A Modern Development. 2nd Edition. Leslie E Ballentine. World Scientific. Simon Fraser University, Canada TAIPEI BEIJING

Quantum. Mechanics. Y y. A Modern Development. 2nd Edition. Leslie E Ballentine. World Scientific. Simon Fraser University, Canada TAIPEI BEIJING BEIJING TAIPEI Quantum Mechanics A Modern Development 2nd Edition Leslie E Ballentine Simon Fraser University, Canada Y y NEW JERSEY LONDON SINGAPORE World Scientific SHANGHAI HONG KONG CHENNAI Contents

More information

Harald Ibach Hans Lüth SOLID-STATE PHYSICS. An Introduction to Theory and Experiment

Harald Ibach Hans Lüth SOLID-STATE PHYSICS. An Introduction to Theory and Experiment Harald Ibach Hans Lüth SOLID-STATE PHYSICS An Introduction to Theory and Experiment With 230 Figures Springer-Verlag Berlin Heidelberg New York London Paris Tokyo Hong Kong Barcelona Budapest Contents

More information

INTRODUCTION TO SCA\ \I\G TUNNELING MICROSCOPY

INTRODUCTION TO SCA\ \I\G TUNNELING MICROSCOPY INTRODUCTION TO SCA\ \I\G TUNNELING MICROSCOPY SECOND EDITION C. JULIAN CHEN Department of Applied Physics and Applied Mathematics, Columbia University, New York OXFORD UNIVERSITY PRESS Contents Preface

More information

Quantum Mechanics: Foundations and Applications

Quantum Mechanics: Foundations and Applications Arno Böhm Quantum Mechanics: Foundations and Applications Third Edition, Revised and Enlarged Prepared with Mark Loewe With 96 Illustrations Springer-Verlag New York Berlin Heidelberg London Paris Tokyo

More information

Introduction to Modern Quantum Optics

Introduction to Modern Quantum Optics Introduction to Modern Quantum Optics Jin-Sheng Peng Gao-Xiang Li Huazhong Normal University, China Vfe World Scientific» Singapore* * NewJerseyL Jersey* London* Hong Kong IX CONTENTS Preface PART I. Theory

More information

LECTURES ON QUANTUM MECHANICS

LECTURES ON QUANTUM MECHANICS LECTURES ON QUANTUM MECHANICS GORDON BAYM Unitsersity of Illinois A II I' Advanced Bock Progrant A Member of the Perseus Books Group CONTENTS Preface v Chapter 1 Photon Polarization 1 Transformation of

More information

Quantum Mechanics: Fundamentals

Quantum Mechanics: Fundamentals Kurt Gottfried Tung-Mow Yan Quantum Mechanics: Fundamentals Second Edition With 75 Figures Springer Preface vii Fundamental Concepts 1 1.1 Complementarity and Uncertainty 1 (a) Complementarity 2 (b) The

More information

SOLID STATE PHYSICS. Second Edition. John Wiley & Sons. J. R. Hook H. E. Hall. Department of Physics, University of Manchester

SOLID STATE PHYSICS. Second Edition. John Wiley & Sons. J. R. Hook H. E. Hall. Department of Physics, University of Manchester SOLID STATE PHYSICS Second Edition J. R. Hook H. E. Hall Department of Physics, University of Manchester John Wiley & Sons CHICHESTER NEW YORK BRISBANE TORONTO SINGAPORE Contents Flow diagram Inside front

More information

Solid State Physics. GIUSEPPE GROSSO Professor of Solid State Physics, Department of Physics, University of Pavia, and INFM

Solid State Physics. GIUSEPPE GROSSO Professor of Solid State Physics, Department of Physics, University of Pavia, and INFM Solid State Physics GIUSEPPE GROSSO Professor of Solid State Physics, Department of Physics, University of Pisa, and INFM GIUSEPPE PASTORI PARRAVICINI Professor of Solid State Physics, Department of Physics,

More information

Highenergy Nuclear Optics of Polarized Particles

Highenergy Nuclear Optics of Polarized Particles Highenergy Nuclear Optics of Polarized Particles Vladimir G. Baryshevsky Research Institute for Nuclear Problems Belarusian State University 1> World Scientific NEW JERSEY LONDON SINGAPORE BEIJING SHANGHAI

More information

NANO/MICROSCALE HEAT TRANSFER

NANO/MICROSCALE HEAT TRANSFER NANO/MICROSCALE HEAT TRANSFER Zhuomin M. Zhang Georgia Institute of Technology Atlanta, Georgia New York Chicago San Francisco Lisbon London Madrid Mexico City Milan New Delhi San Juan Seoul Singapore

More information

Solid Surfaces, Interfaces and Thin Films

Solid Surfaces, Interfaces and Thin Films Hans Lüth Solid Surfaces, Interfaces and Thin Films Fifth Edition With 427 Figures.2e Springer Contents 1 Surface and Interface Physics: Its Definition and Importance... 1 Panel I: Ultrahigh Vacuum (UHV)

More information

MESOSCOPIC QUANTUM OPTICS

MESOSCOPIC QUANTUM OPTICS MESOSCOPIC QUANTUM OPTICS by Yoshihisa Yamamoto Ata Imamoglu A Wiley-Interscience Publication JOHN WILEY & SONS, INC. New York Chichester Weinheim Brisbane Toronto Singapore Preface xi 1 Basic Concepts

More information

Many-Body Problems and Quantum Field Theory

Many-Body Problems and Quantum Field Theory Philippe A. Martin Francois Rothen Many-Body Problems and Quantum Field Theory An Introduction Translated by Steven Goldfarb, Andrew Jordan and Samuel Leach Second Edition With 102 Figures, 7 Tables and

More information

Nanoscale Energy Transport and Conversion A Parallel Treatment of Electrons, Molecules, Phonons, and Photons

Nanoscale Energy Transport and Conversion A Parallel Treatment of Electrons, Molecules, Phonons, and Photons Nanoscale Energy Transport and Conversion A Parallel Treatment of Electrons, Molecules, Phonons, and Photons Gang Chen Massachusetts Institute of Technology OXFORD UNIVERSITY PRESS 2005 Contents Foreword,

More information

MAGNETISM MADE SIMPLE. An Introduction to Physical Concepts and to Some Useful Mathematical Methods. Daniel C. Mattis

MAGNETISM MADE SIMPLE. An Introduction to Physical Concepts and to Some Useful Mathematical Methods. Daniel C. Mattis THE THEORY OF MAGNETISM MADE SIMPLE An Introduction to Physical Concepts and to Some Useful Mathematical Methods Daniel C. Mattis Department of Physics, University of Utah lb World Scientific NEW JERSEY

More information

P. W. Atkins and R. S. Friedman. Molecular Quantum Mechanics THIRD EDITION

P. W. Atkins and R. S. Friedman. Molecular Quantum Mechanics THIRD EDITION P. W. Atkins and R. S. Friedman Molecular Quantum Mechanics THIRD EDITION Oxford New York Tokyo OXFORD UNIVERSITY PRESS 1997 Introduction and orientation 1 Black-body radiation 1 Heat capacities 2 The

More information

OPTICAL PROPERTIES AND SPECTROSCOPY OF NANOAAATERIALS. Jin Zhong Zhang. World Scientific TECHNISCHE INFORMATIONSBIBLIOTHEK

OPTICAL PROPERTIES AND SPECTROSCOPY OF NANOAAATERIALS. Jin Zhong Zhang. World Scientific TECHNISCHE INFORMATIONSBIBLIOTHEK OPTICAL PROPERTIES AND SPECTROSCOPY OF NANOAAATERIALS Jin Zhong Zhang University of California, Santa Cruz, USA TECHNISCHE INFORMATIONSBIBLIOTHEK Y World Scientific NEW JERSEY. t'on.don SINGAPORE «'BEIJING

More information

Physics of Low-Dimensional Semiconductor Structures

Physics of Low-Dimensional Semiconductor Structures Physics of Low-Dimensional Semiconductor Structures Edited by Paul Butcher University of Warwick Coventry, England Norman H. March University of Oxford Oxford, England and Mario P. Tosi Scuola Normale

More information

Vibrational Spectroscopy of Molecules on Surfaces

Vibrational Spectroscopy of Molecules on Surfaces Vibrational Spectroscopy of Molecules on Surfaces Edited by John T. Yates, Jr. University of Pittsburgh Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania and Theodore E. Madey National Bureau of Standards Gaithersburg, Maryland

More information

Concepts in Spin Electronics

Concepts in Spin Electronics Concepts in Spin Electronics Edited by Sadamichi Maekawa Institutefor Materials Research, Tohoku University, Japan OXFORD UNIVERSITY PRESS Contents List of Contributors xiii 1 Optical phenomena in magnetic

More information

2. TranSIESTA 1. SIESTA. DFT In a Nutshell. Introduction to SIESTA. Boundary Conditions: Open systems. Greens functions and charge density

2. TranSIESTA 1. SIESTA. DFT In a Nutshell. Introduction to SIESTA. Boundary Conditions: Open systems. Greens functions and charge density 1. SIESTA DFT In a Nutshell Introduction to SIESTA Atomic Orbitals Capabilities Resources 2. TranSIESTA Transport in the Nanoscale - motivation Boundary Conditions: Open systems Greens functions and charge

More information

FEYNMAN DIAGRAM TECHNIQUES IN CONDENSED MATTER PHYSICS

FEYNMAN DIAGRAM TECHNIQUES IN CONDENSED MATTER PHYSICS FEYNMAN DIAGRAM TECHNIQUES IN CONDENSED MATTER PHYSICS A concise introduction to Feynman diagram techniques, this book shows how they can be applied to the analysis of complex many-particle systems, and

More information

A. F. J. Levi 1 EE539: Engineering Quantum Mechanics. Fall 2017.

A. F. J. Levi 1 EE539: Engineering Quantum Mechanics. Fall 2017. A. F. J. Levi 1 Engineering Quantum Mechanics. Fall 2017. TTh 9.00 a.m. 10.50 a.m., VHE 210. Web site: http://alevi.usc.edu Web site: http://classes.usc.edu/term-20173/classes/ee EE539: Abstract and Prerequisites

More information

CONTENTS. vii. CHAPTER 2 Operators 15

CONTENTS. vii. CHAPTER 2 Operators 15 CHAPTER 1 Why Quantum Mechanics? 1 1.1 Newtonian Mechanics and Classical Electromagnetism 1 (a) Newtonian Mechanics 1 (b) Electromagnetism 2 1.2 Black Body Radiation 3 1.3 The Heat Capacity of Solids and

More information

Index. 2DACH, see two dimensional auto-correlation histogram

Index. 2DACH, see two dimensional auto-correlation histogram Index 2DACH, see two dimensional auto-correlation histogram acceptor 102 103, 131 133, 289, 296 297, 310, 332 action spectroscopy 230 233, 244 adiabatic 160 161, 165, 168, 185, 251 252, 255, 303, 362,

More information

Accelerator Physics. Tip World Scientific NEW JERSEY LONDON SINGAPORE BEIJING SHANGHAI HONG KONG TAIPEI BANGALORE. Second Edition. S. Y.

Accelerator Physics. Tip World Scientific NEW JERSEY LONDON SINGAPORE BEIJING SHANGHAI HONG KONG TAIPEI BANGALORE. Second Edition. S. Y. Accelerator Physics Second Edition S. Y. Lee Department of Physics, Indiana University Tip World Scientific NEW JERSEY LONDON SINGAPORE BEIJING SHANGHAI HONG KONG TAIPEI BANGALORE Contents Preface Preface

More information

Electronic Quantum Transport in Mesoscopic Semiconductor Structures

Electronic Quantum Transport in Mesoscopic Semiconductor Structures Thomas Ihn Electronic Quantum Transport in Mesoscopic Semiconductor Structures With 90 Illustrations, S in Full Color Springer Contents Part I Introduction to Electron Transport l Electrical conductance

More information

Quantum Transport and Dissipation

Quantum Transport and Dissipation Thomas Dittrich, Peter Hänggi, Gert-Ludwig Ingold, Bernhard Kramer, Gerd Schön and Wilhelm Zwerger Quantum Transport and Dissipation WILEY-VCH Weinheim Berlin New York Chichester Brisbane Singapore Toronto

More information

Concepts in Surface Physics

Concepts in Surface Physics M.-C. Desjonqueres D. Spanjaard Concepts in Surface Physics Second Edition With 257 Figures Springer 1. Introduction................................. 1 2. Thermodynamical and Statistical Properties of

More information

SPIN-POLARIZED CURRENT IN A MAGNETIC TUNNEL JUNCTION: MESOSCOPIC DIODE BASED ON A QUANTUM DOT

SPIN-POLARIZED CURRENT IN A MAGNETIC TUNNEL JUNCTION: MESOSCOPIC DIODE BASED ON A QUANTUM DOT 66 Rev.Adv.Mater.Sci. 14(2007) 66-70 W. Rudziński SPIN-POLARIZED CURRENT IN A MAGNETIC TUNNEL JUNCTION: MESOSCOPIC DIODE BASED ON A QUANTUM DOT W. Rudziński Department of Physics, Adam Mickiewicz University,

More information

MODERN PHYSICS Frank J. Blatt Professor of Physics, University of Vermont

MODERN PHYSICS Frank J. Blatt Professor of Physics, University of Vermont MODERN PHYSICS Frank J. Blatt Professor of Physics, University of Vermont McGRAW-HILL, INC. New York St. Louis San Francisco Auckland Bogota Caracas Lisbon London Madrid Mexico Milan Montreal New Delhi

More information

PRINCIPLES OF NONLINEAR OPTICAL SPECTROSCOPY

PRINCIPLES OF NONLINEAR OPTICAL SPECTROSCOPY PRINCIPLES OF NONLINEAR OPTICAL SPECTROSCOPY Shaul Mukamel University of Rochester Rochester, New York New York Oxford OXFORD UNIVERSITY PRESS 1995 Contents 1. Introduction 3 Linear versus Nonlinear Spectroscopy

More information

Branislav K. Nikolić

Branislav K. Nikolić First-principles quantum transport modeling of thermoelectricity in nanowires and single-molecule nanojunctions Branislav K. Nikolić Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Delaware, Newark,

More information

Electron transport through molecular junctions and FHI-aims

Electron transport through molecular junctions and FHI-aims STM m metallic surface Electron transport through molecular junctions and FHI-aims Alexei Bagrets Inst. of Nanotechnology (INT) & Steinbuch Centre for Computing (SCC) @ Karlsruhe Institute of Technology

More information

Computational Nanoscience

Computational Nanoscience Computational Nanoscience Applications for Molecules, Clusters, and Solids KALMÄN VARGA AND JOSEPH A. DRISCOLL Vanderbilt University, Tennessee Щ CAMBRIDGE HP UNIVERSITY PRESS Preface Part I One-dimensional

More information

A guide to Feynman diagrams in the many-body Problem

A guide to Feynman diagrams in the many-body Problem A guide to Feynman diagrams in the many-body Problem Second edition Richard D.[Mattuck H. C. ßrsted Institute University of Copenhagen, Denmark ausgesondert am 2 h. April \%%' McGraw-Hill International

More information

Statistical Mechanics

Statistical Mechanics Franz Schwabl Statistical Mechanics Translated by William Brewer Second Edition With 202 Figures, 26 Tables, and 195 Problems 4u Springer Table of Contents 1. Basic Principles 1 1.1 Introduction 1 1.2

More information

Practical Quantum Mechanics

Practical Quantum Mechanics Siegfried Flügge Practical Quantum Mechanics With 78 Figures Springer-Verlag Berlin Heidelberg New York London Paris Tokyo Hong Kong Barcelona Budapest Contents Volume I I. General Concepts 1. Law of probability

More information

A guide to. Feynman diagrams in the many-body problem

A guide to. Feynman diagrams in the many-body problem A guide to. Feynman diagrams in the many-body problem Richard D. Mattuck SECOND EDITION PAGE Preface to second edition v Preface to first edition. vi i 0. The Many-Body Problem for Everybody 1 0.0 What

More information

Computational Physics. J. M. Thijssen

Computational Physics. J. M. Thijssen Computational Physics J. M. Thijssen Delft University of Technology CAMBRIDGE UNIVERSITY PRESS Contents Preface xi 1 Introduction 1 1.1 Physics and computational physics 1 1.2 Classical mechanics and statistical

More information

Understanding. Solid State Physics. Sharon Ann Holgate. CRC Press Taylor & Francis Group Boca Raton London NewYork

Understanding. Solid State Physics. Sharon Ann Holgate. CRC Press Taylor & Francis Group Boca Raton London NewYork Understanding Solid State Physics Sharon Ann Holgate (И CRC Press Taylor & Francis Group Boca Raton London NewYork CRC Press is an imprint of the Taylor & Francis Group, an informa business A TAYLORS FRANCIS

More information

Impact of disorder and topology in two dimensional systems at low carrier densities

Impact of disorder and topology in two dimensional systems at low carrier densities Impact of disorder and topology in two dimensional systems at low carrier densities A Thesis Submitted For the Degree of Doctor of Philosophy in the Faculty of Science by Mohammed Ali Aamir Department

More information

Contents. Preface to the first edition

Contents. Preface to the first edition Contents List of authors Preface to the first edition Introduction x xi xiii 1 The nanotechnology revolution 1 1.1 From micro- to nanoelectronics 2 1.2 From the macroscopic to the nanoscopic world 4 1.3

More information

Contents. Preface to the First Edition Preface to the Second Edition

Contents. Preface to the First Edition Preface to the Second Edition Contents Preface to the First Edition Preface to the Second Edition Notes xiii xv xvii 1 Basic Concepts 1 1.1 History 1 1.1.1 The Origins of Nuclear Physics 1 1.1.2 The Emergence of Particle Physics: the

More information

FYS-6306 QUANTUM THEORY OF MOLECULES AND NANOSTRUCTURES

FYS-6306 QUANTUM THEORY OF MOLECULES AND NANOSTRUCTURES i FYS-6306 QUANTUM THEORY OF MOLECULES AND NANOSTRUCTURES Credit units: 6 ECTS Lectures: 48 h Tapio Rantala, prof. Tue 10 12 SC203 SG219 8 10 SG312 FirstName.LastName@tut.fi http://www.tut.fi/~trantala/opetus/

More information

CITY UNIVERSITY OF HONG KONG. Theoretical Study of Electronic and Electrical Properties of Silicon Nanowires

CITY UNIVERSITY OF HONG KONG. Theoretical Study of Electronic and Electrical Properties of Silicon Nanowires CITY UNIVERSITY OF HONG KONG Ë Theoretical Study of Electronic and Electrical Properties of Silicon Nanowires u Ä öä ªqk u{ Submitted to Department of Physics and Materials Science gkö y in Partial Fulfillment

More information

Quantum optics. Marian O. Scully Texas A&M University and Max-Planck-Institut für Quantenoptik. M. Suhail Zubairy Quaid-i-Azam University

Quantum optics. Marian O. Scully Texas A&M University and Max-Planck-Institut für Quantenoptik. M. Suhail Zubairy Quaid-i-Azam University Quantum optics Marian O. Scully Texas A&M University and Max-Planck-Institut für Quantenoptik M. Suhail Zubairy Quaid-i-Azam University 1 CAMBRIDGE UNIVERSITY PRESS Preface xix 1 Quantum theory of radiation

More information

The Oxford Solid State Basics

The Oxford Solid State Basics The Oxford Solid State Basics Steven H. Simon University of Oxford OXFORD UNIVERSITY PRESS Contents 1 About Condensed Matter Physics 1 1.1 What Is Condensed Matter Physics 1 1.2 Why Do We Study Condensed

More information

The Physics of Semiconductors

The Physics of Semiconductors The Physics of Semiconductors with applications to optoelectronic devices KEVIN F. BRENNAN CAMBRIDGE UNIVERSITY PRESS Contents Preface page xi Chapter1 Basic Concepts in Quantum Mechanics 1.1 Introduction

More information

Quantum Field Theory. Kerson Huang. Second, Revised, and Enlarged Edition WILEY- VCH. From Operators to Path Integrals

Quantum Field Theory. Kerson Huang. Second, Revised, and Enlarged Edition WILEY- VCH. From Operators to Path Integrals Kerson Huang Quantum Field Theory From Operators to Path Integrals Second, Revised, and Enlarged Edition WILEY- VCH WILEY-VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA I vh Contents Preface XIII 1 Introducing Quantum Fields

More information

Coulomb Blockade and Kondo Effect in Nanostructures

Coulomb Blockade and Kondo Effect in Nanostructures Coulomb Blockade and Kondo Effect in Nanostructures Marcin M. Wysokioski 1,2 1 Institute of Physics Albert-Ludwigs-Universität Freiburg 2 Institute of Physics Jagiellonian University, Cracow, Poland 2.VI.2010

More information

Lecture 12. Electron Transport in Molecular Wires Possible Mechanisms

Lecture 12. Electron Transport in Molecular Wires Possible Mechanisms Lecture 12. Electron Transport in Molecular Wires Possible Mechanisms In Lecture 11, we have discussed energy diagrams of one-dimensional molecular wires. Here we will focus on electron transport mechanisms

More information

Nanoscience, MCC026 2nd quarter, fall Quantum Transport, Lecture 1/2. Tomas Löfwander Applied Quantum Physics Lab

Nanoscience, MCC026 2nd quarter, fall Quantum Transport, Lecture 1/2. Tomas Löfwander Applied Quantum Physics Lab Nanoscience, MCC026 2nd quarter, fall 2012 Quantum Transport, Lecture 1/2 Tomas Löfwander Applied Quantum Physics Lab Quantum Transport Nanoscience: Quantum transport: control and making of useful things

More information

Introduction to Wave Scattering, Localization and Mesoscopic Phenomena

Introduction to Wave Scattering, Localization and Mesoscopic Phenomena Springer Series in Materials Science 88 Introduction to Wave Scattering, Localization and Mesoscopic Phenomena Bearbeitet von Ping Sheng Neuausgabe 2006. Buch. xv, 329 S. Hardcover ISBN 978 3 540 29155

More information

METHODS OF THEORETICAL PHYSICS

METHODS OF THEORETICAL PHYSICS METHODS OF THEORETICAL PHYSICS Philip M. Morse PROFESSOR OF PHYSICS MASSACHUSETTS INSTITUTE OF TECHNOLOGY Herman Feshbach PROFESSOR OF PHYSICS MASSACHUSETTS INSTITUTE OF TECHNOLOGY PART II: CHAPTERS 9

More information

Quantum Physics II (8.05) Fall 2002 Outline

Quantum Physics II (8.05) Fall 2002 Outline Quantum Physics II (8.05) Fall 2002 Outline 1. General structure of quantum mechanics. 8.04 was based primarily on wave mechanics. We review that foundation with the intent to build a more formal basis

More information

Three-terminal quantum-dot thermoelectrics

Three-terminal quantum-dot thermoelectrics Three-terminal quantum-dot thermoelectrics Björn Sothmann Université de Genève Collaborators: R. Sánchez, A. N. Jordan, M. Büttiker 5.11.2013 Outline Introduction Quantum dots and Coulomb blockade Quantum

More information

Quantum Physics in the Nanoworld

Quantum Physics in the Nanoworld Hans Lüth Quantum Physics in the Nanoworld Schrödinger's Cat and the Dwarfs 4) Springer Contents 1 Introduction 1 1.1 General and Historical Remarks 1 1.2 Importance for Science and Technology 3 1.3 Philosophical

More information

Charge and Energy Transfer Dynamits in Molecular Systems

Charge and Energy Transfer Dynamits in Molecular Systems Volkhard May, Oliver Kühn Charge and Energy Transfer Dynamits in Molecular Systems Second, Revised and Enlarged Edition WILEY- VCH WILEY-VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA Contents 1 Introduction 19 2 Electronic

More information

1.1 Variational principle Variational calculations with Gaussian basis functions 5

1.1 Variational principle Variational calculations with Gaussian basis functions 5 Preface page xi Part I One-dimensional problems 1 1 Variational solution of the Schrödinger equation 3 1.1 Variational principle 3 1.2 Variational calculations with Gaussian basis functions 5 2 Solution

More information

Quantum Field Theory 2 nd Edition

Quantum Field Theory 2 nd Edition Quantum Field Theory 2 nd Edition FRANZ MANDL and GRAHAM SHAW School of Physics & Astromony, The University of Manchester, Manchester, UK WILEY A John Wiley and Sons, Ltd., Publication Contents Preface

More information

Molecular Aggregation

Molecular Aggregation Molecular Aggregation Structure Analysis and Molecular Simulation of Crystals and Liquids ANGELO GAVEZZOTTI University of Milano OXFORD UNIVERSITY PRESS Contents PART I FUNDAMENTALS 1 The molecule: structure,

More information

nano and molecular quantum devices

nano and molecular quantum devices Theory of electron and phonon transport in nano and molecular quantum devices arxiv:1607.02484v1 [cond-mat.mes-hall] 8 Jul 2016 Design strategies for molecular electronics and thermoelectricity Contents

More information

Current-Driven Phenomena in NANOELECTRONICS. Edited by Tamar Seideman Northwestern University

Current-Driven Phenomena in NANOELECTRONICS. Edited by Tamar Seideman Northwestern University Current-Driven Phenomena in NANOELECTRONICS Edited by Tamar Seideman Northwestern University Published by Pan Stanford Publishing Pte. Ltd. Penthouse Level, Suntec Tower 3 8 Temasek Boulevard Singapore

More information

Basic Semiconductor Physics

Basic Semiconductor Physics Chihiro Hamaguchi Basic Semiconductor Physics With 177 Figures and 25 Tables Springer 1. Energy Band Structures of Semiconductors 1 1.1 Free-Electron Model 1 1.2 Bloch Theorem 3 1.3 Nearly Free Electron

More information

Physics of atoms and molecules

Physics of atoms and molecules Physics of atoms and molecules 2nd edition B.H. Bransden and C.J. Joachain Prentice Hall An imprint of Pearson Education Harlow, England London New York Boston San Francisco Toronto Sydney Singapore Hong

More information

Chapter 3 Properties of Nanostructures

Chapter 3 Properties of Nanostructures Chapter 3 Properties of Nanostructures In Chapter 2, the reduction of the extent of a solid in one or more dimensions was shown to lead to a dramatic alteration of the overall behavior of the solids. Generally,

More information

INTRODUCTION TO NUCLEAR AND PARTICLE PHYSICS

INTRODUCTION TO NUCLEAR AND PARTICLE PHYSICS INTRODUCTION TO NUCLEAR AND PARTICLE PHYSICS ASHOK DAS THOMAS FERBEL University of Rochester JOHN WILEY & SONS, INC. NEW YORK CHICHESTER BRISBANE TORONTO SINGAPORE CONTENTS Preface and Introduction Apologies

More information

DEPARTMENT OF PHYSICS UNIVERSITY OF PUNE PUNE SYLLABUS for the M.Phil. (Physics ) Course

DEPARTMENT OF PHYSICS UNIVERSITY OF PUNE PUNE SYLLABUS for the M.Phil. (Physics ) Course DEPARTMENT OF PHYSICS UNIVERSITY OF PUNE PUNE - 411007 SYLLABUS for the M.Phil. (Physics ) Course Each Student will be required to do 3 courses, out of which two are common courses. The third course syllabus

More information

Semiconductor Physical Electronics

Semiconductor Physical Electronics Semiconductor Physical Electronics Sheng S. Li Department of Electrical Engineering University of Florida Gainesville, Florida Plenum Press New York and London Contents CHAPTER 1. Classification of Solids

More information

QUANTUM MECHANICS. Yehuda B. Band. and Yshai Avishai WITH APPLICATIONS TO NANOTECHNOLOGY AND INFORMATION SCIENCE

QUANTUM MECHANICS. Yehuda B. Band. and Yshai Avishai WITH APPLICATIONS TO NANOTECHNOLOGY AND INFORMATION SCIENCE QUANTUM MECHANICS WITH APPLICATIONS TO NANOTECHNOLOGY AND INFORMATION SCIENCE Yehuda B. Band Department of Chemistry, Department of Electro-Optics and Department of Physics, and Use Katz Institute for

More information

Part I. Many-Body Systems and Classical Field Theory

Part I. Many-Body Systems and Classical Field Theory Part I. Many-Body Systems and Classical Field Theory 1. Classical and Quantum Mechanics of Particle Systems 3 1.1 Introduction. 3 1.2 Classical Mechanics of Mass Points 4 1.3 Quantum Mechanics: The Harmonic

More information

Condensed matter physics FKA091

Condensed matter physics FKA091 Condensed matter physics FKA091 Ermin Malic Department of Physics Chalmers University of Technology Henrik Johannesson Department of Physics University of Gothenburg Teaching assistants: Roland Jago &

More information

Summary lecture IX. The electron-light Hamilton operator reads in second quantization

Summary lecture IX. The electron-light Hamilton operator reads in second quantization Summary lecture IX The electron-light Hamilton operator reads in second quantization Absorption coefficient α(ω) is given by the optical susceptibility Χ(ω) that is determined by microscopic polarization

More information

Crossover from quantum to classical transport

Crossover from quantum to classical transport Crossover from quantum to classical transport Dirk K. Morr Department of Physics, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, IL 60607, USA e-mail: dkmorr@uic.edu review article, published in Contemporary

More information

EXPLORING SCANNING PROBE MICROSCOPY WITH MATHEMATICA

EXPLORING SCANNING PROBE MICROSCOPY WITH MATHEMATICA EXPLORING SCANNING PROBE MICROSCOPY WITH MATHEMATICA Dror Sarid University of Arizona A WILEY-1NTERSCIENCE PUBLICATION JOHN WILEY & SONS, INC. New York Chichester Weinheim Brisbane Singapore Toronto CONTENTS

More information

Contents. Appendix A Strong limit and weak limit 35. Appendix B Glauber coherent states 37. Appendix C Generalized coherent states 41

Contents. Appendix A Strong limit and weak limit 35. Appendix B Glauber coherent states 37. Appendix C Generalized coherent states 41 Contents Preface 1. The structure of the space of the physical states 1 1.1 Introduction......................... 1 1.2 The space of the states of physical particles........ 2 1.3 The Weyl Heisenberg algebra

More information

Lectures on Quantum Mechanics

Lectures on Quantum Mechanics Lectures on Quantum Mechanics Steven Weinberg The University of Texas at Austin CAMBRIDGE UNIVERSITY PRESS Contents PREFACE page xv NOTATION xviii 1 HISTORICAL INTRODUCTION 1 1.1 Photons 1 Black-body radiation

More information

Wolfgang Demtroder. Molecular Physics. Theoretical Principles and Experimental Methods WILEY- VCH. WILEY-VCH Verlag GmbH & Co.

Wolfgang Demtroder. Molecular Physics. Theoretical Principles and Experimental Methods WILEY- VCH. WILEY-VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. Wolfgang Demtroder Molecular Physics Theoretical Principles and Experimental Methods WILEY- VCH WILEY-VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA v Preface xiii 1 Introduction 1 1.1 Short Historical Overview 2 1.2 Molecular

More information

EQUATION LANGEVIN. Physics, Chemistry and Electrical Engineering. World Scientific. With Applications to Stochastic Problems in. William T.

EQUATION LANGEVIN. Physics, Chemistry and Electrical Engineering. World Scientific. With Applications to Stochastic Problems in. William T. SHANGHAI HONG WorlrfScientific Series krtonttimfjorary Chemical Physics-Vol. 27 THE LANGEVIN EQUATION With Applications to Stochastic Problems in Physics, Chemistry and Electrical Engineering Third Edition

More information

Electron Correlation

Electron Correlation Series in Modern Condensed Matter Physics Vol. 5 Lecture Notes an Electron Correlation and Magnetism Patrik Fazekas Research Institute for Solid State Physics & Optics, Budapest lb World Scientific h Singapore

More information

The Gutzwiller Density Functional Theory

The Gutzwiller Density Functional Theory The Gutzwiller Density Functional Theory Jörg Bünemann, BTU Cottbus I) Introduction 1. Model for an H 2 -molecule 2. Transition metals and their compounds II) Gutzwiller variational theory 1. Gutzwiller

More information

Boundary. DIFFERENTIAL EQUATIONS with Fourier Series and. Value Problems APPLIED PARTIAL. Fifth Edition. Richard Haberman PEARSON

Boundary. DIFFERENTIAL EQUATIONS with Fourier Series and. Value Problems APPLIED PARTIAL. Fifth Edition. Richard Haberman PEARSON APPLIED PARTIAL DIFFERENTIAL EQUATIONS with Fourier Series and Boundary Value Problems Fifth Edition Richard Haberman Southern Methodist University PEARSON Boston Columbus Indianapolis New York San Francisco

More information

PHYSICS OF SEMICONDUCTORS AND THEIR HETEROSTRUCTURES

PHYSICS OF SEMICONDUCTORS AND THEIR HETEROSTRUCTURES PHYSICS OF SEMICONDUCTORS AND THEIR HETEROSTRUCTURES Jasprit Singh University of Michigan McGraw-Hill, Inc. New York St. Louis San Francisco Auckland Bogota Caracas Lisbon London Madrid Mexico Milan Montreal

More information

QUANTUM WELLS, WIRES AND DOTS

QUANTUM WELLS, WIRES AND DOTS QUANTUM WELLS, WIRES AND DOTS Theoretical and Computational Physics of Semiconductor Nanostructures Second Edition Paul Harrison The University of Leeds, UK /Cf}\WILEY~ ^INTERSCIENCE JOHN WILEY & SONS,

More information

The Mott Metal-Insulator Transition

The Mott Metal-Insulator Transition Florian Gebhard The Mott Metal-Insulator Transition Models and Methods With 38 Figures Springer 1. Metal Insulator Transitions 1 1.1 Classification of Metals and Insulators 2 1.1.1 Definition of Metal

More information

Electronic and Optoelectronic Properties of Semiconductor Structures

Electronic and Optoelectronic Properties of Semiconductor Structures Electronic and Optoelectronic Properties of Semiconductor Structures Jasprit Singh University of Michigan, Ann Arbor CAMBRIDGE UNIVERSITY PRESS CONTENTS PREFACE INTRODUCTION xiii xiv 1.1 SURVEY OF ADVANCES

More information

STM spectra of graphene

STM spectra of graphene STM spectra of graphene K. Sengupta Theoretical Physics Division, IACS, Kolkata. Collaborators G. Baskaran, I.M.Sc Chennai, K. Saha, IACS Kolkata I. Paul, Grenoble France H. Manoharan, Stanford USA Refs:

More information

Handbook of Computational Quantum Chemistry. DAVID B. COOK The Department of Chemistry, University of Sheffield

Handbook of Computational Quantum Chemistry. DAVID B. COOK The Department of Chemistry, University of Sheffield Handbook of Computational Quantum Chemistry DAVID B. COOK The Department of Chemistry, University of Sheffield Oxford New York Tokyo OXFORD UNIVERSITY PRESS 1998 CONTENTS 1 Mechanics and molecules 1 1.1

More information

Structure and Dynamics : An Atomic View of Materials

Structure and Dynamics : An Atomic View of Materials Structure and Dynamics : An Atomic View of Materials MARTIN T. DOVE Department ofearth Sciences University of Cambridge OXFORD UNIVERSITY PRESS Contents 1 Introduction 1 1.1 Observations 1 1.1.1 Microscopic

More information

Majorana single-charge transistor. Reinhold Egger Institut für Theoretische Physik

Majorana single-charge transistor. Reinhold Egger Institut für Theoretische Physik Majorana single-charge transistor Reinhold Egger Institut für Theoretische Physik Overview Coulomb charging effects on quantum transport through Majorana nanowires: Two-terminal device: Majorana singlecharge

More information