Markscheme May 2016 Mathematical studies Standard level Paper 1

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1 M16/5/MATSD/SP1/ENG/TZ1/XX/M Markscheme May 016 Mathematical studies Standard level Paper 1 4 pages

2 M16/5/MATSD/SP1/ENG/TZ1/XX/M This markscheme is the property of the International Baccalaureate and must not be reproduced or distributed to any other person without the authorization of the IB Assessment Centre.

3 3 M16/5/MATSD/SP1/ENG/TZ1/XX/M Paper 1 Markscheme Instructions to Examiners Notes: If in doubt about these instructions or any other marking issues, contact your team leader for clarification. 1 Abbreviations The number of marks for each question is 6. The markscheme may make use of the following abbreviations: M A C R ft Marks awarded for Method Marks awarded for an Answer or for Accuracy Marks awarded for Correct answers (irrespective of working shown) Marks awarded for clear Reasoning Marks that can be awarded as follow through from previous results in the question Method of Marking (a) (b) (c) (d) (e) (f) (g) (h) All marking must be done in RM Assessor using the mathematical studies annotations and in accordance with the current document for guidance in e-marking Mathematical Studies SL. It is essential that you read this document before you start marking. If the candidate has full marks on a question use the C6 annotation, if the candidate has made an attempt but scores zero marks use C0. If there is no attempt use the No response button. If a candidate does not score full or zero marks then full annotations MUST be shown. In this paper, if the correct answer is seen on the answer line the maximum mark is awarded. There is no need to check the working! Award C marks and move on. If the answer does not appear on the answer line, but the correct answer is seen in the working box with no subsequent working, award the maximum mark. If the answer is wrong, marks should be awarded for the working according to the markscheme. Working crossed out by the candidate should not be awarded any marks. Where candidates have written two solutions to a question, only the first solution should be marked. A correct answer in the working box transcribed inaccurately to the answer line can receive full marks. If correct working results in a correct answer in the working box but then further working is developed, indicating a lack of mathematical understanding full marks should not be awarded. In most such cases it will be a single final answer mark that is lost, however, a statement on the answer line should always be taken as the candidate s final decision on the answer as long as it is unambiguous. An exception to this may be in numerical answers, where a correct exact value is followed by an incorrect decimal. Example: Correct answer seen Further working seen Action Award the final 1. 8 (incorrect decimal value) (ignore the further working) Do not award the final. ( x 6) ( x+ 1) x = 6 and 1 (see next example)

4 4 M16/5/MATSD/SP1/ENG/TZ1/XX/M Example: Factorise x 5x 6 Markscheme Candidates Scripts Marking ( x 6) ( x+ 1) (i) Answer line: ( x+ 6) ( x+ 1) (A0) 3 Follow through (ft) Marks (ii) Working box: ( x 6) ( x+ 1) followed by x = 6 and 1, or just 6, 1 in either working box or on answer line. Errors made at any step of a solution affect all working that follows. To limit the severity of the penalty, follow through (ft) marks can be awarded. Markschemes will indicate where it is appropriate to apply follow through in a question with (ft). (A0) (a) (b) (c) (d) (e) (f) Example: Follow through applies only from one part of a question to a subsequent part of the question. Follow through does not apply within the same part. If an answer resulting from follow through is extremely unrealistic (eg, negative distances or incorrect by large order of magnitude) then the final A mark should not be awarded. If a question is transformed by an error into a different, much simpler question then follow through may not apply. To award follow through marks for a question part, there must be working present for that part. An isolated follow through answer, without working is regarded as incorrect and receives no marks even if it is approximately correct. The exception to the above would be in a question which is testing the candidate s use of the GDC, where working will not be expected. The markscheme will clearly indicate where this applies. Inadvertent use of radians will be penalised the first time it occurs. The markscheme will give clear instructions to ensure that only one mark per paper can be lost for the use of radians. Finding angles and lengths using trigonometry Markscheme Candidates Scripts Marking (a) sin A sin 30 = 3 4 (a) sin A sin 30 = (A0) 4 3 (use of sine rule but with wrong values) A =.0 (.043 ) A = 41.8 (A0) (Note: the nd here was not marked (ft) and cannot be awarded because there was an earlier error in the same question part.) (b) x = 7 tan (.043 ) =.83 ( ) (ft) (b) case (i) x = 7 tan = (ft) but case (ii) 6.6 (C0) since no working shown

5 5 M16/5/MATSD/SP1/ENG/TZ1/XX/M 4 Using the Markscheme (a) (b) (c) (d) (e) A marks are dependent on the preceding M mark being awarded, it is not possible to award (M0). Once an (M0) has been awarded, all subsequent A marks are lost in that part of the question, even if calculations are performed correctly, until the next M mark. The only exception will be for an answer where the accuracy is specified in the question see section 5. A marks are dependent on the R mark being awarded, it is not possible to award (R0). Hence the is not awarded for a correct answer if no reason or the wrong reason is given. Alternative methods may not always be included. Thus, if an answer is wrong then the working must be carefully analysed in order that marks are awarded for a different method consistent with the markscheme. Where alternative methods for complete questions are included in the markscheme, they are indicated by OR etc. Unless the question specifies otherwise, accept equivalent forms. For example: sin θ for tanθ. cosθ On the markscheme, these equivalent numerical or algebraic forms will sometimes be written in brackets after the required answer. Where numerical answers are required as the final answer to a part of a question in the markscheme, the scheme will show, in order: the 3 significant figure answer worked through from full calculator display; the exact value for example if applicable ; 3 the full calculator display in the form as in the example above. Where answers are given to 3 significant figures and are then used in subsequent parts of the question leading to a different 3 significant figure answer, these solutions will also be given. As this is an international examination, all valid alternative forms of notation should be accepted. Some examples of these are: Decimal points: 1.7; 1 7; 1 7; 1,7. Decimal numbers less than 1 may be written with or without a leading zero: 0.49 or.49. Different descriptions of an interval: 3 < x < 5; (3, 5); ] 3, 5 [. c Different forms of notation for set properties (e.g. complement): A ; A; A ; U A;( A;U \ A. Different forms of logic notation: p ; p ; p ; p ; ~ p. p q; p q; q p. Significance level may be written as α. (f) Discretionary marks: There will be very rare occasions where the markscheme does not cover the work seen. In such cases the annotation DM should be used to indicate where an examiner has used discretion. Discretion should be used sparingly and if there is doubt an exception should be raised through RM Assessor to the team leader.

6 6 M16/5/MATSD/SP1/ENG/TZ1/XX/M As with previous sessions there will be no whole paper penalty marks for accuracy AP, financial accuracy FP and units UP. Instead these skills will be assessed in particular questions and the marks applied according to the rules given in sections 5, 6 and 7 below. 5 Accuracy of Answers Incorrect accuracy should be penalized once only in each question according to the rules below. Unless otherwise stated in the question, all numerical answers should be given exactly or correct to 3 significant figures. 1. If the candidate s answer is seen to 4 sf or greater and would round to the required 3 sf answer, then award and ignore subsequent rounding. Note: The unrounded answer may appear in either the working box or on the final answer line.. If the candidate s unrounded answer is not seen then award if the answer given is correctly rounded to or more significant figures, otherwise (A0). Note: If the candidate s unrounded answer is not seen and the answer is given correct to 1 sf (correct or not), the answer will be considered wrong and will not count as incorrect accuracy. If this answer is used in subsequent parts, then working must be shown for further marks to be awarded. 3. If a correct sf answer is used in subsequent parts, then working must be shown for further marks to be awarded. (This treatment is the same as for following through from an incorrect answer.) These 3 points (see numbers in superscript) have been summarized in the table below and illustrated in the examples which follow. If candidates final answer is given Exact or to 4 or more sf (and would round to the correct 3 sf) Correct to 3 sf Incorrect to 3 sf Correct to sf 3 Incorrect to sf Correct or incorrect to 1 sf Unrounded answer seen 1 Award the final irrespective of correct or incorrect rounding Unrounded answer not (A0) (A0) (A0) seen Treatment of subsequent parts As per MS Treat as follow through, only if working is seen. 3

7 7 M16/5/MATSD/SP1/ENG/TZ1/XX/M Examples: Markscheme Candidates Scripts Marking 9.43 ( ) (i) is seen in the working box followed by 9; 9.4; 9.43; etc. (correctly rounded) (ii) is seen in the working box followed by 9.433; 9.44 etc. (incorrectly rounded) (iii) 9.4 (iv) 9 (A0) (correct to 1 sf) (v) 9.3 (A0) (incorrectly rounded to sf) (vi) 9.44 (A0) (incorrectly rounded to 3 sf) Markscheme Candidates Scripts Marking 7.44 ( ) (i) is seen in the working box followed by 7; 7.4; 7.44; etc. (correctly rounded) (ii) is seen in the working box followed by 7.437; 7.43 etc. (incorrectly rounded) (iii) 7.4 (iv) 7 (A0) (correct to 1 sf) (v) 7.5 (A0) (incorrectly rounded to sf) (vi) 7.43 (A0) (incorrectly rounded to 3 sf)

8 8 M16/5/MATSD/SP1/ENG/TZ1/XX/M Example: ABC is a right angled triangle with angle ABC = 90, AC = 3 cm length of BC, (b) The area of triangle ABC. and AB = 30 cm. Find (a) the Markscheme Candidates Scripts Marking BC 3 30 = (a) Award for correct substitution in Pythagoras formula (b) = 11.1 ( 14, )(cm) 1 Area = Award for correct substitution in area of triangle formula = 167( )(cm ) (ft) (a) (b) BC = (cm) ( sf answer only seen, but correct) case (i) 1 Area = (working shown) = 165 (cm ) (ft) case (ii) = 165 (cm ) (M0)(A0)(ft) (No working shown, the answer 11 is treated as a ft, so no marks awarded here) Rounding of an exact answer to 3 significant figures should be accepted if performed correctly. Exact answers such as 1 4 can be written as decimals to fewer than 3 significant figures if the result is still exact. Reduction of a fraction to its lowest terms is not essential, however where an answer simplifies to an integer this is expected. Fractions that include a decimal in the numerator and/or the denominator are acceptable for showing correct substitution, but not as a final answer. Ratios of π and answers taking the form of square roots of integers or any rational power of an integer ,, 5,) may be accepted as exact answers. All other powers (eg, of non-integers) and values (e.g. of transcendental functions such as sine and cosine must be evaluated. If the level of accuracy is specified in the question, a mark will be allocated for giving the answer to the required accuracy. In all such cases the final mark is not awarded if the rounding does not follow the instructions given in the question. A mark for specified accuracy can be regarded as a (ft) mark regardless of an immediately preceding (M0).

9 9 M16/5/MATSD/SP1/ENG/TZ1/XX/M Certain answers obtained from the GDC are worth marks and working will not be seen. In these cases only one mark should be lost for accuracy. eg, Chi-squared, correlation coefficient, mean Markscheme Candidates Scripts Marking Chi-squared 7.68 ( ) Regression line (A) (a) 7.7 (A) (b) 7.67 (c) 7.6 (d) 8 (A0) (e) 7 (A0) (e) 7.66 (A0) Markscheme Candidates Scripts Marking y = 0.888x (A) ( y = x ) If an answer is not in the form of an equation award at most (A0). (a) y = 0.89x+ 13 (A) (b) y = 0.88x+ 13 (both accepted) (one rounding error) (c) y = 0.88x+ 14 (rounding error repeated) Maximum/minimum/points of intersection (d) (i) y = 0.9x+ 13 (ii) y = 0.8x+ 13 (1 sf not accepted) (e) 0.88x + 14 (A0) (two rounding errors and not an equation) Markscheme Candidates Scripts Marking (.06, 4.49) (.0600, ) (a) (.1, 4.5) (both accepted) (b) (.0, 4.4) (same rounding error twice) (c) (.06, 4.4) (one rounding error) (d) (, 4.4) (A0) (1sf not accepted, one rounding error)

10 10 M16/5/MATSD/SP1/ENG/TZ1/XX/M 6 Level of accuracy in finance questions The accuracy level required for answers will be specified in all questions involving money. This will usually be either whole units or two decimal places. The first answer not given to the specified level of accuracy will not be awarded the final A mark. The markscheme will give clear instructions to ensure that only one mark per paper can be lost for incorrect accuracy in a financial question. Example: A financial question demands accuracy correct to dp. Markscheme Candidates Scripts Marking $31.6 ( ) (i) 31.6 (A0) (ii) 3 (A0) (Correct rounding to incorrect level) (iii) (A0) (iv) 3.00 (A0) (Parts (iii) and (iv) are both incorrect rounding to correct level) 7 Units in answers There will be specific questions for which the units are required and this will be indicated clearly in the markscheme. The first correct answer with no units or incorrect units will not be awarded the final A mark. The markscheme will give clear instructions to ensure that only one or two marks per paper can be lost for lack of units or incorrect units. The units are considered only when the numerical answer is awarded under the accuracy rules given in Section 5. Markscheme Candidates Scripts Marking (a) m (a) m (A0) (Incorrect answer so units not considered) (b) m (b) 300 m (A0) (Incorrect units) If no method is shown and the answer is correct but with incorrect or missing units award the C marks with a one mark penalty. 8 Graphic Display Calculators Candidates will often obtain solutions directly from their calculators. They must use mathematical notation, not calculator notation. No method marks can be awarded for incorrect answers supported only by calculator notation. The comment I used my GDC cannot receive a method mark.

11 11 M16/5/MATSD/SP1/ENG/TZ1/XX/M 1. (a) (C3) Note: Award for each correct entry. (b) (ft) Note: Award (ft) for two correct products from their tree diagram seen, and for the addition of their products. = 0.9 Note: Follow through from part (a). (ft) (C3)

12 1 M16/5/MATSD/SP1/ENG/TZ1/XX/M. Units are required in parts (a) and (b). (a) sin = AC Note: Award for correct substitution into correct trig formula. AC = 5.6 m ( = m) (C) Note: The answer is 5.6 m, the units are required. (b) 1.80 RT 10.7 = Note: Award for correct substitution into area of a triangle formula or equivalent. RT = 7.64 m ( m) (C) Note: The answer is 7.64 m, the units are required. (c) tan RST ˆ = their part (b).80 Note: Award for their correct substitution into correct trig formula. Accept alternative methods. Pythagoras gives ST = 8.14 ( ). ( ) ˆ RST = 69.9 = Note: Follow through from (b). The answer RSˆ T= with use of ST = 8.14 is premature rounding and should be awarded (A0). (ft) (C)

13 M16/5/MATSD/SP1/ENG/TZ1/XX/M 3. (a) 48 (b) 58 40 Note: Award for 58 and 40 seen.

13 13 M16/5/MATSD/SP1/ENG/TZ1/XX/M 3. (a) 48 (b) Note: Award for 58 and 40 seen. (C1) (c) = 18 (C) (ft)(ft) (C3) Note: Award for the correct maximum and minimum, (ft) for their correct median and (ft) for 40 and their upper quartile. Follow through from parts (a) and (b). Award a maximum of (ft)(a0) if the horizontal line goes through the box or if a ruler has clearly not been used.

14 14 M16/5/MATSD/SP1/ENG/TZ1/XX/M 4. (a) (i) = 140 Note: Award for correct substitution in volume formula. (ii) π = 154 ( ,49 π) (C4) Note: Award for correct substitution in volume formula. (b) 90 their 154 their 140 Note: Award for multiplying the given 90 by their part (a)(ii) and dividing by their part (a)(i). Follow through from (a). Accept correct alternative methods. = 99 Note: Award a maximum of (A0) if the final answer is not an integer. (ft) (C)

15 15 M16/5/MATSD/SP1/ENG/TZ1/XX/M 5. (a) (i) x is not a rational number Note: Accept x is an irrational number. (ii) any non-rational number (for example: π,, ) (C) (b) ( r q) z (C3) Note: Award for seen, for z as the consequent and for (r q) or ( q r) as the antecedent (the parentheses are required). (c) all integers are rational numbers (and therefore x cannot be an integer if it is not a rational number) Note: Accept equivalent expressions. (R1) OR if x is an integer, then x is a rational number, therefore if x is not a rational number, then x is not an integer (contrapositive) (R1) (C1) Note: Accept If x is not in, then x is not in with a Venn diagram showing, and correctly.

16 16 M16/5/MATSD/SP1/ENG/TZ1/XX/M 6. (a) 70 = 40 + d (6 1) OR d = 5 Note: Award for correct substitution into the arithmetic sequence formula. ( d = )6 (C) (b) 0 [ their d ] Note: Award for correct substitution into sum of an arithmetic sequence. OR u 0 = S 0 = [ ] Note: Award for correct substitution into sum of an arithmetic sequence. OR adding 0 terms consistent with their d = 5940 Note: Follow through from (a). (ft) (C) (c) Note: Award for correct substitution into percentage error formula. = 9.43 (%) ( ) (ft) (C) Note: Follow through from (b).

17 17 M16/5/MATSD/SP1/ENG/TZ1/XX/M 7. (a) = k Note: Award for correct substitution of (3, ) into equation of L 1. ( k = ) 9.5 (C) (b) (C1) (c) y ( ) = 0.4( x 3) OR = 0.4(3) + c Note: Award for their gradient and given point substituted into equation of a straight line. Follow through from part (b). y = 0.4x y = x 5 5 (ft) (C) (d) x+ 5y+ 4= 0 (or any integer multiple) (ft) (C1) Note: Follow through from part (c).

18 M16/5/MATSD/SP1/ENG/TZ1/XX/M 8. (a) 5800 (C1) (b) 0.40 (0.

18 18 M16/5/MATSD/SP1/ENG/TZ1/XX/M 8. (a) 5800 (C1) (b) 0.40 ( ) (A)(ft) (C) Note: Award for correct shaded area shown. Follow through from part (a). (c) = 4700 (A)(ft) (ft) (C3) Notes: Award for correct shaded area shown. Follow through from part (a). The final (ft) is awarded for the correct rounding of their answer to the nearest hundred hours.

19 19 M16/5/MATSD/SP1/ENG/TZ1/XX/M 9. (a) = 100 Note: Award for multiplication by Answer must be an integer for the to be awarded. (C) (b) (i) = 300 Note: Award for division by Answer must be an integer for the to be awarded. (ii) their = 113 (ft) Note: Award for multiplying their answer to part (b)(i) by Follow through from part (b)(i). Answer must be an integer. (C4) 10. (a) age and preferred destination are independent (C1) Note: Accept there is no association between preferred destination and age. Accept not dependent. Do not accept not related or not correlated or influenced. (b) (4 1) (5 1) Note: Award for 3 and 4 (4 1 and 5 1) seen. = 1 (C) (c) χ > 1.06 OR (1.06, ) OR ]1.06, [ (C1) calc Note: Do not accept χ > χ without numerical value. calc crit (d) Note: Award for correct substitution into correct formula. = 99.8 (99.75) (C)

20 0 M16/5/MATSD/SP1/ENG/TZ1/XX/M 11. (a) ax Note: Award for ax. Award (A0) if other terms are seen. (C1) (b) a ( ) = 6 Note: Award for correct substitution of x = in their gradient function, for equating their gradient function to 6. Follow through from part (a). 3 ( a = ) 1.5 (ft) (C3) (c) their 1.5 ( ) c 5 + = Note: Award for correct substitution of their a and point A. Follow through from part (b). ( c = ) 1 (ft) (C)

21 1 M16/5/MATSD/SP1/ENG/TZ1/XX/M 1. The first time an answer is not given to two decimal places the final is not awarded (a) FV = ( FV = 8000 (1.015) ) OR I 1 15 = Note: Award for substitution into compound interest formula, for correct substitutions. OR N = 4 I % = 15 PV = 8000 PMT = 0 (FV = ) P/ Y = 1 C/ Y = 1 Note: Award for C/ Y = 1 seen, for all other correct entries. FV = need not be seen. OR N = I % = 15 PV = 8000 PMT = 0 (FV = ) P/ Y = 1 C/ Y = 1 Note: Award for C/ Y = 1 seen, for all other correct entries. FV = need not be seen. interest = (C3) Note: Final answer must be to two decimal places for the to be awarded. continued

22 M16/5/MATSD/SP1/ENG/TZ1/XX/M Question 1 continued (b) N = 3 I % = 17 (PV = ± ) PMT = 0 FV = P/ Y = 1 C/ Y = 1 Note: Award for FV = , for all other correct entries. PV = ± need not be seen. OR = PV Note: Award for substituting into compound interest formula, for equating to the correctly substituted compounded interest formula. ( PV = ) (C3) Note: Answer must be to two decimal places.

23 3 M16/5/MATSD/SP1/ENG/TZ1/XX/M 13. (a) (i) (ii) 1.6 Note: Follow through from part (a)(i). (ft) (C) (b) xy = 1 (C1) (c) y r x = OR y 1+ 5 = OR equivalent (C1) x Note: Accept y x = their part (a)(i) or (a)(ii). (d) xr= 1 or equivalent x = ( ) (ft) (C) Note: Award for substituting their part (c) into their equation from part (b). Follow through from parts (a), (b) and (c). Use of r = 1.6 gives (a) 1 10 = 00 b Note: Award for correct substitution into equation. ( b = ) 1.05 (C) (b) Note: Award for correct substitution into formula. Follow through from part (a). = 35 Note: The answer must be an integer. (ft) (C) t (c) = 1000 t = 33.0 ( ) (ft) (C) Note: Award for setting up the equation. Accept alternative methods such as log (5) t =, or a sketch of y = t and y = 1000 with indication of log (1.05) point of intersection. Follow through from (a).

24 4 M16/5/MATSD/SP1/ENG/TZ1/XX/M da (a) = 4 π r dr r 1 Note: Award for 4π r (accept 1.6r ), for 680, for r Award at most (A0) if additional terms are seen. 680 (b) 4πr = 0 r or r. (C3) Note: Award for equating their d A dr to zero. 3 4πr 680 = 0 Note: Award for initial correct rearrangement of the equation. This may be assumed if r = or r = π 4π seen. OR sketch of A with some indication of minimum point Note: Award for sketch of A, for indication of minimum point. OR sketch of d A dr with some indication of zero Note: Award for sketch of d A, for indication of zero. dr ( r = ) 3.78 (cm) ( ) (ft) (C3) Note: Follow through from part (a).

Markscheme November 2017 Mathematical studies Standard level Paper 1

Markscheme November 2017 Mathematical studies Standard level Paper 1 N17/5/MATSD/SP1/ENG/TZ0/XX/M Markscheme November 017 Mathematical studies Standard level Paper 1 5 pages N17/5/MATSD/SP1/ENG/TZ0/XX/M This markscheme is the property of the International Baccalaureate