GENERAL FORMULAS FOR FLAT-TOPPED WAVEFORMS. J.e. Sprott. Plasma Studies. University of Wisconsin
|
|
- Amie Page
- 6 years ago
- Views:
Transcription
1 GENERAL FORMULAS FOR FLAT-TOPPED WAVEFORMS J.e. Sprtt PLP 924 September 1984 Plasma Studies University f Wiscnsin These PLP Reprts are infrmal and preliminary and as such may cntain errrs nt yet eliminated. They are fr private circulatin nly and are nt t be further transmitted withut cnsent f the authrs and majr prfessr.
2 GENERAL FORMULAS FOR FLAT-TOPPED WAVEFORMS J. C. Sprtt In PLP 849, Rse and Kerst discussed circuitry fr prducing a flat tp n the Levitated Octuple magnetic field wavefrm. This nte summarizes their results and treats several cases nt cnsidered by them fr a general capacitive discharge int an inductive lad. The first case cnsidered by Rse and Kerst as shwn belw has a series parasitic LC circuit whse purpse is t add a third-harmnic cmpnent t the current I I : CIRCUIT A Slutins are sught which are f the frm ( sin wt + S sin 3 wt) where t = 0 is taken as the time the switch clses. The quantity S determines the amunt f third harmnic. As can easily be shwn, S 9 represents the cnditin fr which I( t) = 0 at the time at which! ( t) 0 and thus represents a reasnable criterin fr best flattening. Fr S > 9 the wavefrm has a 'single peak at wt = n/2, and fr S < 9 it has tw peaks n either side f a dip at wt = n/2. The results f Rse and Kerst fr S = 9 and C 2 initially discharged are summarized in Table I.
3 -2- Rse and Kerst als cnsidered the case belw in which the parasitic LC is placed in parallel with the lad inductance L 1 : c. L. CIRCUIT B This circuit requires less capacitance in the parasite and desn't require ne t flat C2 r Ll, but it des require a larger L2 and a higher vltage capacitr fr C2 as shwn in Table I. A prblem with bth circuit A and circuit B is that the parasite rbs energy frm Ll and thus lwers the peak field. Rse and Kerst prpse charging C2 with an initial vltage (0.75 V C1 (0) fr circuit A and 2.4 VC1 (0) fr circuit B) t achieve the same peak current in 1, as wuld have existed in the absence f the parasite. This wuld require a separate switch in series with C2, hwever. Furthermre, fr bth cases, the vltage rating fr the parasitic capacitr is different frm that f the main capacitr bank. An alternative slutin, nt discussed in PLP 849 is t place the series parasite f circuit B n the ther side f the switch and charge it t the same vltage as the main bank as shwn belw: CIRCUIT C
4 -3 - This circuit has the fllwing desirable features: 1) Only ne switch is required. 2) A separate charging circuit fr C 2 is nt required. 3) Bth capacitrs and L1 have a cmmn grund. 4) All capacitrs can have the same vltage rating. S) One can change frm the flattest field t the highest field by shrting ut L2 Circuit C can be implemented by taking a prtin f an existing bank and adding an apprpriate series inductr. The required values are listed in Table t. The effect f varying L2 with the ther values fixed is illustrated in figures 1 and 2 respectively. Nte that fr values away frm the ptimum, the symmetry f the wavefrm is destryed. Rse and Kerst pint ut that this may be useful fr cuntering resistive lsses in the circuit, emulating a pwer crwbar. One shuld be cautius, hwever, because deviatins frm the ideal value in either directin generally causes in excess f 100% vltage reversal f the parasitic capacitr in the absence f resistive lsses. A real circuit cntains resistive lsses in bth inductrs and can be represented as fllws: R e R, C, L a III L, CIRCUIT D C a
5 -4 - Rather than attempt an analytic slutin, the ptimum values f L2 and C2 were determined by numerical slutin f I( t) with R2/L2 R I /LI fr = Q = WL 1 /R 1 = 1 and Q = 2, using the qualitative behavir f figures 1 and 2 fr guidance ( see Table II). The ptimum values were then fit t functins f the frm 1 + aiq. The results f this prcedure are given in Table I. Figure 3 shws the wavefrms fr (1) n parasite, ( 2 ) parasite calculated neglecting lsses, and (3) ptimized parasite. Often it is desirable t clamp the capacitr vltage at zer when it attempts t reverse. In the absence f resistive lsses, such a crwbar wuld hld the current II cnstant frever, and n parasite wuld be required. With resistance, a crwbar may still be desirable t prlng the current and prevent vltage reversal n the capacitr bank. Such a circuit is shwn belw: c. L, CIRCUIT E The additin f the dide acrss C 1 has n effect n the preceeding calculatins except t reduce the vltage reversal n the parasitic capacitr ( see Table I). Vltage reversal f C2 can be eliminated entirely by prviding it with its wn crwbar dide, and there will be n effect n II since the vltage acrss C2 reverses after the vltage acrss Cl has been clamped t zer. The resulting wavefrms are shwn as dashed curves n figure 3.
6 - 5 - As a design example, we will calculate the parasite that wuld be required t flatten the tridal field wavefrm n Tkaple II. Fr a charging vltage f 3000 vlts, the present circuit gives a tridal field as shwn in figure 4, where t 0 is 6.0 msec after the pulse begins. Frm the tridal field, ne can calculate the winding current frm II = 2.5 x 10 6 BIN where B is the field in teslas and N = 96 is the number f turns. Over the range f interest (0 < t < 2 0 msec), the current is adequately mdeled by a crwbarred RLC with C 1 = F, Ll = 1.3 mh and Rl = 80 mq. Frm circuit E f Table I, ne can calculate w = 91 sec- I, C F, L2 = 700, R2 = 43 mq, and vltage reversal = 19%. The cst f ptimally wund cpper cils is estimated t be $ 2 8/msec/meter f length (installed). Thus fr a ne - meter - lng cil, the cst wuld be $500. In practice, we wuld prbably want an inductr with varius taps s that ne culd ptimize the flattening (at 8kG fr L2 700 l and 5 kv charge) r increase the field (t 10 kg fr L2 < 100 and 5 kv charge). Figure 5 shws the resulting wavefrms fr varius values f L2 (fr cnstant R2/L2).
7 TABLE I CIRCUIT PARAMETERS FOR FLATTEST WAVEFORM CIRCUIT L +L A B C 1/2 1/2 L +L ) ( _ 1 ) 1/2 1/2 ( ) ( ) - 3L 3 1 C 1 3L 1 C 1 w 3L ( 3L -'='-L'--':2_ 1 L2C 1 C 1 2 L L-71 D ( _ 1 E _ ) 112 C 2 /C (--) 3 wl 1 R l 1.08 R ( -) 3 wl 1 L 2 /L (_) 4 wl 1 R (_) 4 wl 1 R I '" I % REVERSAL % % 100% R " % ( ) wl 1 R (1- _ 1 ) % wl 1
8 -7- TABLE II ALGORITHM FOR OPTIMIZING WAVEFORM NO: RAISE L 2 OR C 2 DIP? 1st PEAK HIGHER? LOWER L 2 YES: 2 nd PEAK HIGHER? LOWER C 2
9 z 0:. a. m II: z U - w Z c w l!l I N.. W I a. <(I!l [J ll Z Z Ww lla. N.. 0 wn X D O N N, 'It [") ci z FIG. 1
10 z It. O 11. It:i Oz u- w Z w" Cl I N t- W I 11. «I It U Cl Z Z Il w w Cl 11. N t- 0 wn X D O N N, '<t [OJ ci z FIG. 2
11 z 0 I- 0( 0'; II. m z u- w Z a w4 [!I N I- III 0 + W II. <t II. I II. 0( I U l!i Z Z WI" [!III. N I- 0 wn OX D O N N '<t ('] d Z ++.. FIG. 3
12 :?I f\ ::) E::: L.. : \.t [ (ii (\ X I F'... " (Zi OPES - 0 [-5 TORR :.,T ::3 (- 'r ii}... 1 D '-'1(7:.. :..:.,1 (/ " 1 ({J 0«" :L (Z... t Ej... j (1 (2j... liz} /!.:L t.:.izi 3C):?V( ':'; i:(. Lt VI :'-:5 (21l:;. Q'J :?t':}i!.(?} :?!li (Zi (.(J 1. Ei:!.(?j '7 { c:... ' 1::":.... 3, :,,:.!:!. :L (Zll:,. (::lei ( :il...., :r.::" :? II.:::. TOROIDAL FIEL.D VB TIME MAXIMUM VALUE= 4240 x XX XXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXX.:::: L -.' C) \..! FIG. 4
13 TOROIDAL FIELD (KG) I m () ()< - jo ""'" 0 - C - n ; \rt (t1 7' < r- r "'- AI IX) II - 3 (f) II () :t: 0 I\) II Q - 0 6" "1l 0 7'\ l' d' r fl\ VJ -; TOKAPOLE II TOROIDAL FIELD CIRCUIT l-y1a I i\i P.{-;NI--':: C == 031 F I MSEC FULL SCALE 1.3E-03 H R =.08 OHMS FIG. 5
OTHER USES OF THE ICRH COUPL ING CO IL. November 1975
OTHER USES OF THE ICRH COUPL ING CO IL J. C. Sprtt Nvember 1975 -I,," PLP 663 Plasma Studies University f Wiscnsin These PLP Reprts are infrmal and preliminary and as such may cntain errrs nt yet eliminated.
More informationMeasurement of Radial Loss and Lifetime. of Microwave Plasma in the Octupo1e. J. C. Sprott PLP 165. Plasma Studies. University of Wisconsin DEC 1967
Measurement f Radial Lss and Lifetime f Micrwave Plasma in the Octup1e J. C. Sprtt PLP 165 Plasma Studies University f Wiscnsin DEC 1967 1 The number f particles in the tridal ctuple was measured as a
More informationRFP BOUNDARY CONDITION STUDIES ON TOKAPOLE II. J.S. Sarff J. c. Sprott L. Turner
RFP BOUNDARY CONDTON STUDES ON TOKAPOLE JS Sarff J c Sprtt L Turner PLP 94 February 1985 Plasma Studies University f Wiscnsin These PLP reprts are preliminary and infrmal and as such may cntain errrs nt
More informationLab 11 LRC Circuits, Damped Forced Harmonic Motion
Physics 6 ab ab 11 ircuits, Damped Frced Harmnic Mtin What Yu Need T Knw: The Physics OK this is basically a recap f what yu ve dne s far with circuits and circuits. Nw we get t put everything tgether
More informationPhysics 2B Chapter 23 Notes - Faraday s Law & Inductors Spring 2018
Michael Faraday lived in the Lndn area frm 1791 t 1867. He was 29 years ld when Hand Oersted, in 1820, accidentally discvered that electric current creates magnetic field. Thrugh empirical bservatin and
More informationZVS Boost Converter. (a) (b) Fig 6.29 (a) Quasi-resonant boost converter with M-type switch. (b) Equivalent circuit.
EEL6246 Pwer Electrnics II Chapter 6 Lecture 6 Dr. Sam Abdel-Rahman ZVS Bst Cnverter The quasi-resnant bst cnverter by using the M-type switch as shwn in Fig. 6.29(a) with its simplified circuit shwn in
More informationJ. C. Sprott OHMIC HEATING RATE IN A TOROIDAL OCTUPOLE. August 1975 PLP 643. Plasma Studies. University of Wisconsin
OHMC HEATNG RATE N A TORODAL OCTUPOLE J. C. Sprtt August 1975 PLP 643 Plasma Studies University f Wiscnsin These PLP Reprts are infrmal and preliminary and as such may cntain errrs nt yet eliminated. Tbey
More informationELECTRON CYCLOTRON HEATING OF AN ANISOTROPIC PLASMA. December 4, PLP No. 322
ELECTRON CYCLOTRON HEATING OF AN ANISOTROPIC PLASMA by J. C. SPROTT December 4, 1969 PLP N. 3 These PLP Reprts are infrmal and preliminary and as such may cntain errrs nt yet eliminated. They are fr private
More information1. Transformer A transformer is used to obtain the approximate output voltage of the power supply. The output of the transformer is still AC.
PHYSIS 536 Experiment 4: D Pwer Supply I. Intrductin The prcess f changing A t D is investigated in this experiment. An integrated circuit regulatr makes it easy t cnstruct a high-perfrmance vltage surce
More informationChapter 30. Inductance
Chapter 30 nductance 30. Self-nductance Cnsider a lp f wire at rest. f we establish a current arund the lp, it will prduce a magnetic field. Sme f the magnetic field lines pass thrugh the lp. et! be the
More informationSynchronous Motor V-Curves
Synchrnus Mtr V-Curves 1 Synchrnus Mtr V-Curves Intrductin Synchrnus mtrs are used in applicatins such as textile mills where cnstant speed peratin is critical. Mst small synchrnus mtrs cntain squirrel
More informationThree charges, all with a charge of 10 C are situated as shown (each grid line is separated by 1 meter).
Three charges, all with a charge f 0 are situated as shwn (each grid line is separated by meter). ) What is the net wrk needed t assemble this charge distributin? a) +0.5 J b) +0.8 J c) 0 J d) -0.8 J e)
More informationRelationships Between Frequency, Capacitance, Inductance and Reactance.
P Physics Relatinships between f,, and. Relatinships Between Frequency, apacitance, nductance and Reactance. Purpse: T experimentally verify the relatinships between f, and. The data cllected will lead
More informationSections 15.1 to 15.12, 16.1 and 16.2 of the textbook (Robbins-Miller) cover the materials required for this topic.
Tpic : AC Fundamentals, Sinusidal Wavefrm, and Phasrs Sectins 5. t 5., 6. and 6. f the textbk (Rbbins-Miller) cver the materials required fr this tpic.. Wavefrms in electrical systems are current r vltage
More informationQ1. In figure 1, Q = 60 µc, q = 20 µc, a = 3.0 m, and b = 4.0 m. Calculate the total electric force on q due to the other 2 charges.
Phys10 Secnd Majr-08 Zer Versin Crdinatr: Dr. I. M. Nasser Saturday, May 3, 009 Page: 1 Q1. In figure 1, Q = 60 µc, q = 0 µc, a = 3.0 m, and b = 4.0 m. Calculate the ttal electric frce n q due t the ther
More informationA Novel Isolated Buck-Boost Converter
vel slated uck-st Cnverter S-Sek Kim *,WOO-J JG,JOOG-HO SOG, Ok-K Kang, and Hee-Jn Kim ept. f Electrical Eng., Seul atinal University f Technlgy, Krea Schl f Electrical and Cmputer Eng., Hanyang University,
More informationRevision: August 19, E Main Suite D Pullman, WA (509) Voice and Fax
.7.4: Direct frequency dmain circuit analysis Revisin: August 9, 00 5 E Main Suite D Pullman, WA 9963 (509) 334 6306 ice and Fax Overview n chapter.7., we determined the steadystate respnse f electrical
More informationPhysics 102. Second Midterm Examination. Summer Term ( ) (Fundamental constants) (Coulomb constant)
ε µ0 N mp T kg Kuwait University hysics Department hysics 0 Secnd Midterm Examinatin Summer Term (00-0) July 7, 0 Time: 6:00 7:0 M Name Student N Instructrs: Drs. bdel-karim, frusheh, Farhan, Kkaj, a,
More informationAttempts at Ion Cyclotron Heating. In a Toroidal Octupole. Presented at the Los Angeles Meeting of the American Physical Society. November 12-15, 1969
Attempts at n Cycltrn Heating n a Tridal Octuple by J. C. Sprtt Presented at the Ls Angeles Meeting f the American Physical Sciety Nvember 1215, 1969 PLP 321 These PLP Reprts are infnnal and preliminary
More informationECE 2100 Circuit Analysis
ECE 00 Circuit Analysis Lessn 6 Chapter 4 Sec 4., 4.5, 4.7 Series LC Circuit C Lw Pass Filter Daniel M. Litynski, Ph.D. http://hmepages.wmich.edu/~dlitynsk/ ECE 00 Circuit Analysis Lessn 5 Chapter 9 &
More informationCHAPTER 5. Solutions for Exercises
HAPTE 5 Slutins fr Exercises E5. (a We are given v ( t 50 cs(00π t 30. The angular frequency is the cefficient f t s we have ω 00π radian/s. Then f ω / π 00 Hz T / f 0 ms m / 50 / 06. Furthermre, v(t attains
More informationQ1. A) 48 m/s B) 17 m/s C) 22 m/s D) 66 m/s E) 53 m/s. Ans: = 84.0 Q2.
Phys10 Final-133 Zer Versin Crdinatr: A.A.Naqvi Wednesday, August 13, 014 Page: 1 Q1. A string, f length 0.75 m and fixed at bth ends, is vibrating in its fundamental mde. The maximum transverse speed
More informationCopyright Paul Tobin 63
DT, Kevin t. lectric Circuit Thery DT87/ Tw-Prt netwrk parameters ummary We have seen previusly that a tw-prt netwrk has a pair f input terminals and a pair f utput terminals figure. These circuits were
More information4) What is the magnitude of the net electric field at the center of the square?
Fur charges are n the fur crners f a square. Q = +5C, Q = -0C, Q 3 = +5C, Q 4 = -0C. The side length f each side f the square is 3 m. Q Q ) What is the directin f the frce n Q due t ONLY Q 4? (a) up (b)
More informationTOPPER SAMPLE PAPER 2 Class XII- Physics
TOPPER SAMPLE PAPER 2 Class XII- Physics Time: Three Hurs Maximum Marks: 70 General Instructins (a) All questins are cmpulsry. (b) There are 30 questins in ttal. Questins 1 t 8 carry ne mark each, questins
More informationModule 4: General Formulation of Electric Circuit Theory
Mdule 4: General Frmulatin f Electric Circuit Thery 4. General Frmulatin f Electric Circuit Thery All electrmagnetic phenmena are described at a fundamental level by Maxwell's equatins and the assciated
More informationPhysics 2010 Motion with Constant Acceleration Experiment 1
. Physics 00 Mtin with Cnstant Acceleratin Experiment In this lab, we will study the mtin f a glider as it accelerates dwnhill n a tilted air track. The glider is supprted ver the air track by a cushin
More informationECE 2100 Circuit Analysis
ECE 2100 Circuit Analysis Lessn 25 Chapter 9 & App B: Passive circuit elements in the phasr representatin Daniel M. Litynski, Ph.D. http://hmepages.wmich.edu/~dlitynsk/ ECE 2100 Circuit Analysis Lessn
More informationJ. R. Patau and J. C. Sprott
NUMERCAL SMULATON OF MULT POLE CONFNEMENT (Examples) by J. R. Patau and J. C. Sprtt April 1974 PLP 557 Plasma Studies University f iscnsin These PLP reprts are preliminary and infrmal and as such may cntain
More information, which yields. where z1. and z2
The Gaussian r Nrmal PDF, Page 1 The Gaussian r Nrmal Prbability Density Functin Authr: Jhn M Cimbala, Penn State University Latest revisin: 11 September 13 The Gaussian r Nrmal Prbability Density Functin
More informationCHAPTER Read Chapter 17, sections 1,2,3. End of Chapter problems: 25
CHAPTER 17 1. Read Chapter 17, sectins 1,2,3. End f Chapter prblems: 25 2. Suppse yu are playing a game that uses tw dice. If yu cunt the dts n the dice, yu culd have anywhere frm 2 t 12. The ways f prducing
More informationAP Statistics Notes Unit Two: The Normal Distributions
AP Statistics Ntes Unit Tw: The Nrmal Distributins Syllabus Objectives: 1.5 The student will summarize distributins f data measuring the psitin using quartiles, percentiles, and standardized scres (z-scres).
More informationApplying Kirchoff s law on the primary circuit. V = - e1 V+ e1 = 0 V.D. e.m.f. From the secondary circuit e2 = v2. K e. Equivalent circuit :
TRANSFORMERS Definitin : Transfrmers can be defined as a static electric machine which cnverts electric energy frm ne ptential t anther at the same frequency. It can als be defined as cnsists f tw electric
More informationPhys102 Final-061 Zero Version Coordinator: Nasser Wednesday, January 24, 2007 Page: 1
Crdinatr: Nasser Wednesday, January 4, 007 Page: 1 Q1. Tw transmitters, S 1 and S shwn in the figure, emit identical sund waves f wavelength λ. The transmitters are separated by a distance λ /. Cnsider
More informationFinding the Earth s magnetic field
Labratry #6 Name: Phys 1402 - Dr. Cristian Bahrim Finding the Earth s magnetic field The thery accepted tday fr the rigin f the Earth s magnetic field is based n the mtin f the plasma (a miture f electrns
More informationSupporting information
Electrnic Supplementary Material (ESI) fr Physical Chemistry Chemical Physics This jurnal is The wner Scieties 01 ydrgen perxide electrchemistry n platinum: twards understanding the xygen reductin reactin
More informationWe can see from the graph above that the intersection is, i.e., [ ).
MTH 111 Cllege Algebra Lecture Ntes July 2, 2014 Functin Arithmetic: With nt t much difficulty, we ntice that inputs f functins are numbers, and utputs f functins are numbers. S whatever we can d with
More informationQ1. A string of length L is fixed at both ends. Which one of the following is NOT a possible wavelength for standing waves on this string?
Term: 111 Thursday, January 05, 2012 Page: 1 Q1. A string f length L is fixed at bth ends. Which ne f the fllwing is NOT a pssible wavelength fr standing waves n this string? Q2. λ n = 2L n = A) 4L B)
More informationDifferentiation Applications 1: Related Rates
Differentiatin Applicatins 1: Related Rates 151 Differentiatin Applicatins 1: Related Rates Mdel 1: Sliding Ladder 10 ladder y 10 ladder 10 ladder A 10 ft ladder is leaning against a wall when the bttm
More informationChapter 3 Kinematics in Two Dimensions; Vectors
Chapter 3 Kinematics in Tw Dimensins; Vectrs Vectrs and Scalars Additin f Vectrs Graphical Methds (One and Tw- Dimensin) Multiplicatin f a Vectr b a Scalar Subtractin f Vectrs Graphical Methds Adding Vectrs
More informationA Comparison of AC/DC Piezoelectric Transformer Converters with Current Doubler and Voltage Doubler Rectifiers
A Cmparisn f AC/DC Piezelectric Transfrmer Cnverters with Current Dubler and ltage Dubler Rectifiers Gregry vensky, Svetlana Brnstein and Sam Ben-Yaakv* Pwer Electrnics abratry Department f Electrical
More informationPlan o o. I(t) Divide problem into sub-problems Modify schematic and coordinate system (if needed) Write general equations
STAPLE Physics 201 Name Final Exam May 14, 2013 This is a clsed bk examinatin but during the exam yu may refer t a 5 x7 nte card with wrds f wisdm yu have written n it. There is extra scratch paper available.
More informationBootstrap Method > # Purpose: understand how bootstrap method works > obs=c(11.96, 5.03, 67.40, 16.07, 31.50, 7.73, 11.10, 22.38) > n=length(obs) >
Btstrap Methd > # Purpse: understand hw btstrap methd wrks > bs=c(11.96, 5.03, 67.40, 16.07, 31.50, 7.73, 11.10, 22.38) > n=length(bs) > mean(bs) [1] 21.64625 > # estimate f lambda > lambda = 1/mean(bs);
More informationChaotic Analysis of Numerical Plasma Simulations
Chatic Analysis f Numerical Plasma Simulatins Pster 2T19 1991 Meeting f the American Physical Sciety Divisin f Plasma Physics Tampa Bay, Flrida Christpher Watts D. Newman, J.C. Sprtt, E.J. Zita Dept. f
More informationCONSTRUCTING STATECHART DIAGRAMS
CONSTRUCTING STATECHART DIAGRAMS The fllwing checklist shws the necessary steps fr cnstructing the statechart diagrams f a class. Subsequently, we will explain the individual steps further. Checklist 4.6
More informationChapter 2 GAUSS LAW Recommended Problems:
Chapter GAUSS LAW Recmmended Prblems: 1,4,5,6,7,9,11,13,15,18,19,1,7,9,31,35,37,39,41,43,45,47,49,51,55,57,61,6,69. LCTRIC FLUX lectric flux is a measure f the number f electric filed lines penetrating
More informationmaking triangle (ie same reference angle) ). This is a standard form that will allow us all to have the X= y=
Intrductin t Vectrs I 21 Intrductin t Vectrs I 22 I. Determine the hrizntal and vertical cmpnents f the resultant vectr by cunting n the grid. X= y= J. Draw a mangle with hrizntal and vertical cmpnents
More informationBASIC DIRECT-CURRENT MEASUREMENTS
Brwn University Physics 0040 Intrductin BASIC DIRECT-CURRENT MEASUREMENTS The measurements described here illustrate the peratin f resistrs and capacitrs in electric circuits, and the use f sme standard
More informationFigure 1a. A planar mechanism.
ME 5 - Machine Design I Fall Semester 0 Name f Student Lab Sectin Number EXAM. OPEN BOOK AND CLOSED NOTES. Mnday, September rd, 0 Write n ne side nly f the paper prvided fr yur slutins. Where necessary,
More informationBicycle Generator Dump Load Control Circuit: An Op Amp Comparator with Hysteresis
Bicycle Generatr Dump Lad Cntrl Circuit: An Op Amp Cmparatr with Hysteresis Sustainable Technlgy Educatin Prject University f Waterl http://www.step.uwaterl.ca December 1, 2009 1 Summary This dcument describes
More informationLHS Mathematics Department Honors Pre-Calculus Final Exam 2002 Answers
LHS Mathematics Department Hnrs Pre-alculus Final Eam nswers Part Shrt Prblems The table at the right gives the ppulatin f Massachusetts ver the past several decades Using an epnential mdel, predict the
More informationECEN 4872/5827 Lecture Notes
ECEN 4872/5827 Lecture Ntes Lecture #5 Objectives fr lecture #5: 1. Analysis f precisin current reference 2. Appraches fr evaluating tlerances 3. Temperature Cefficients evaluatin technique 4. Fundamentals
More informationFundamental Concepts in Structural Plasticity
Lecture Fundamental Cncepts in Structural Plasticit Prblem -: Stress ield cnditin Cnsider the plane stress ield cnditin in the principal crdinate sstem, a) Calculate the maximum difference between the
More informationPhys102 Second Major-102 Zero Version Coordinator: Al-Shukri Thursday, May 05, 2011 Page: 1
Crdinatr: Al-Shukri Thursday, May 05, 2011 Page: 1 1. Particles A and B are electrically neutral and are separated by 5.0 μm. If 5.0 x 10 6 electrns are transferred frm particle A t particle B, the magnitude
More informationHypothesis Tests for One Population Mean
Hypthesis Tests fr One Ppulatin Mean Chapter 9 Ala Abdelbaki Objective Objective: T estimate the value f ne ppulatin mean Inferential statistics using statistics in rder t estimate parameters We will be
More informationPOWER AMPLIFIERS. 1. Explain what are classes A, B, AB and C amplifiers in terms of DC biasing using a MOSFET drain characteristic.
CTONIC 3 XCI OW AMII. xpla what are classes A, B, AB and C amplifiers terms f DC biasg usg a MOT dra characteristic.. efer t the graphs f page and the table at the tp f page 3 f the thery ntes t answer
More information^YawataR&D Laboratory, Nippon Steel Corporation, Tobata, Kitakyushu, Japan
Detectin f fatigue crack initiatin frm a ntch under a randm lad C. Makabe," S. Nishida^C. Urashima,' H. Kaneshir* "Department f Mechanical Systems Engineering, University f the Ryukyus, Nishihara, kinawa,
More informationChapter 5: Diffusion (2)
Chapter 5: Diffusin () ISSUES TO ADDRESS... Nn-steady state diffusin and Fick s nd Law Hw des diffusin depend n structure? Chapter 5-1 Class Eercise (1) Put a sugar cube inside a cup f pure water, rughly
More informationVerification of Quality Parameters of a Solar Panel and Modification in Formulae of its Series Resistance
Verificatin f Quality Parameters f a Slar Panel and Mdificatin in Frmulae f its Series Resistance Sanika Gawhane Pune-411037-India Onkar Hule Pune-411037- India Chinmy Kulkarni Pune-411037-India Ojas Pandav
More informationSTUDENT NAME: STUDENT id #: WORK ONLY 5 QUESTIONS
GENERAL PHYSICS PH -A (MIROV) Exam 3 (03/31/15) STUDENT NAME: STUDENT i #: ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
More informationDepartment of Economics, University of California, Davis Ecn 200C Micro Theory Professor Giacomo Bonanno. Insurance Markets
Department f Ecnmics, University f alifrnia, Davis Ecn 200 Micr Thery Prfessr Giacm Bnann Insurance Markets nsider an individual wh has an initial wealth f. ith sme prbability p he faces a lss f x (0
More informationT(s) 1+ T(s) 2. Phase Margin Test for T(s) a. Unconditionally Stable φ m = 90 o for 1 pole T(s) b. Conditionally Stable Case 1.
Lecture 49 Danger f Instability/Oscillatin When Emplying Feedback In PWM Cnverters A. Guessing Clsed Lp Stability Frm Open Lp Frequency Respnse Data. T(s) versus T(s) + T(s) 2. Phase Margin Test fr T(s)
More informationMetering Principles & Configurations
Metering Principles & Cnfiguratins CT PT Startc Western Energy Cmpany DCS Presenters Western Energy Cmpany Mnte Wilke Electrical Superintendent Curt Brckel Electrical Supervisr Brady Clbert Electrical
More informationDepartment of Electrical Engineering, University of Waterloo. Introduction
Sectin 4: Sequential Circuits Majr Tpics Types f sequential circuits Flip-flps Analysis f clcked sequential circuits Mre and Mealy machines Design f clcked sequential circuits State transitin design methd
More informationSemester 2 AP Chemistry Unit 12
Cmmn In Effect and Buffers PwerPint The cmmn in effect The shift in equilibrium caused by the additin f a cmpund having an in in cmmn with the disslved substance The presence f the excess ins frm the disslved
More informationInformation for Physics 1201 Midterm I Wednesday, February 20
My lecture slides are psted at http://www.physics.hi-state.edu/~humanic/ Infrmatin fr Physics 1201 Midterm I Wednesday, February 20 1) Frmat: 10 multiple chice questins (each wrth 5 pints) and tw shw-wrk
More informationA Novel Electro-thermal Simulation Approach to Power IGBT Modules for Automotive Traction Applications
Special Issue Recent R&D Activities f Pwer Devices fr Hybrid Electric Vehicles 27 Research Reprt A Nvel Electr-thermal Simulatin Apprach t Pwer IGBT Mdules fr Autmtive Tractin Applicatins Takashi Kjima,
More informationHarmonic Motion (HM) Oscillation with Laminar Damping
Harnic Mtin (HM) Oscillatin with Lainar Daping If yu dn t knw the units f a quantity yu prbably dn t understand its physical significance. Siple HM r r Hke' s Law: F k x definitins: f T / T / Bf x A sin
More informationSeries and Parallel Resonances
Series and Parallel esnances Series esnance Cnsider the series circuit shwn in the frequency dmain. The input impedance is Z Vs jl jl I jc C H s esnance ccurs when the imaginary part f the transfer functin
More informationLecture 02 CSE 40547/60547 Computing at the Nanoscale
PN Junctin Ntes: Lecture 02 CSE 40547/60547 Cmputing at the Nanscale Letʼs start with a (very) shrt review f semi-cnducting materials: - N-type material: Obtained by adding impurity with 5 valence elements
More information2. Find i, v, and the power dissipated in the 6-Ω resistor in the following figure.
CSC Class exercise DC Circuit analysis. Fr the ladder netwrk in the fllwing figure, find I and R eq. Slutin Req 4 ( 6 ) 5Ω 0 0 I Re q 5 A. Find i, v, and the pwer dissipated in the 6-Ω resistr in the fllwing
More informationPHYS College Physics II Final Examination Review
PHYS 1402- Cllege Physics II Final Examinatin Review The final examinatin will be based n the fllwing Chapters/Sectins and will cnsist f tw parts. Part 1, cnsisting f Multiple Chice questins, will accunt
More informationTransduction Based on Changes in the Energy Stored in an Electrical Field
Lecture 6-3 Transductin Based n Changes in the Energy Stred in an Electrical ield Department f Mechanical Engineering Example:Capacitive Pressure Sensr Pressure sensitive capacitive device With separatin
More informationAP Physics Laboratory #4.1: Projectile Launcher
AP Physics Labratry #4.1: Prjectile Launcher Name: Date: Lab Partners: EQUIPMENT NEEDED PASCO Prjectile Launcher, Timer, Phtgates, Time f Flight Accessry PURPOSE The purpse f this Labratry is t use the
More informationCHAPTER 3 INEQUALITIES. Copyright -The Institute of Chartered Accountants of India
CHAPTER 3 INEQUALITIES Cpyright -The Institute f Chartered Accuntants f India INEQUALITIES LEARNING OBJECTIVES One f the widely used decisin making prblems, nwadays, is t decide n the ptimal mix f scarce
More informationCS 477/677 Analysis of Algorithms Fall 2007 Dr. George Bebis Course Project Due Date: 11/29/2007
CS 477/677 Analysis f Algrithms Fall 2007 Dr. Gerge Bebis Curse Prject Due Date: 11/29/2007 Part1: Cmparisn f Srting Algrithms (70% f the prject grade) The bjective f the first part f the assignment is
More informationFloating Point Method for Solving Transportation. Problems with Additional Constraints
Internatinal Mathematical Frum, Vl. 6, 20, n. 40, 983-992 Flating Pint Methd fr Slving Transprtatin Prblems with Additinal Cnstraints P. Pandian and D. Anuradha Department f Mathematics, Schl f Advanced
More informationLECTURES 4 AND 5 THREE-PHASE CONNECTIONS (1)
ECE 330 POWER CIRCUITS AND ELECTROMECHANICS LECTURES 4 AND 5 THREEPHASE CONNECTIONS (1) AcknwledgmentThese handuts and lecture ntes given in class are based n material frm Prf. Peter Sauer s ECE 330 lecture
More informationSupplementary Course Notes Adding and Subtracting AC Voltages and Currents
Supplementary Curse Ntes Adding and Subtracting AC Vltages and Currents As mentined previusly, when cmbining DC vltages r currents, we nly need t knw the plarity (vltage) and directin (current). In the
More informationEdexcel GCSE Physics
Edexcel GCSE Physics Tpic 10: Electricity and circuits Ntes (Cntent in bld is fr Higher Tier nly) www.pmt.educatin The Structure f the Atm Psitively charged nucleus surrunded by negatively charged electrns
More informationSPH3U1 Lesson 06 Kinematics
PROJECTILE MOTION LEARNING GOALS Students will: Describe the mtin f an bject thrwn at arbitrary angles thrugh the air. Describe the hrizntal and vertical mtins f a prjectile. Slve prjectile mtin prblems.
More informationOP AMP CHARACTERISTICS
O AM CHAACTESTCS Static p amp limitatins EFEENCE: Chapter 5 textbk (ESS) EOS CAUSED BY THE NUT BAS CUENT AND THE NUT OFFSET CUENT Op Amp t functin shuld have fr the input terminals a DC path thrugh which
More informationFIELD QUALITY IN ACCELERATOR MAGNETS
FIELD QUALITY IN ACCELERATOR MAGNETS S. Russenschuck CERN, 1211 Geneva 23, Switzerland Abstract The field quality in the supercnducting magnets is expressed in terms f the cefficients f the Furier series
More informationMore Tutorial at
Answer each questin in the space prvided; use back f page if extra space is needed. Answer questins s the grader can READILY understand yur wrk; nly wrk n the exam sheet will be cnsidered. Write answers,
More informationNUMBERS, MATHEMATICS AND EQUATIONS
AUSTRALIAN CURRICULUM PHYSICS GETTING STARTED WITH PHYSICS NUMBERS, MATHEMATICS AND EQUATIONS An integral part t the understanding f ur physical wrld is the use f mathematical mdels which can be used t
More informationFlipping Physics Lecture Notes: Simple Harmonic Motion Introduction via a Horizontal Mass-Spring System
Flipping Physics Lecture Ntes: Simple Harmnic Mtin Intrductin via a Hrizntal Mass-Spring System A Hrizntal Mass-Spring System is where a mass is attached t a spring, riented hrizntally, and then placed
More informationLead/Lag Compensator Frequency Domain Properties and Design Methods
Lectures 6 and 7 Lead/Lag Cmpensatr Frequency Dmain Prperties and Design Methds Definitin Cnsider the cmpensatr (ie cntrller Fr, it is called a lag cmpensatr s K Fr s, it is called a lead cmpensatr Ntatin
More informationComputational modeling techniques
Cmputatinal mdeling techniques Lecture 2: Mdeling change. In Petre Department f IT, Åb Akademi http://users.ab.fi/ipetre/cmpmd/ Cntent f the lecture Basic paradigm f mdeling change Examples Linear dynamical
More information( ) kt. Solution. From kinetic theory (visualized in Figure 1Q9-1), 1 2 rms = 2. = 1368 m/s
.9 Kinetic Mlecular Thery Calculate the effective (rms) speeds f the He and Ne atms in the He-Ne gas laser tube at rm temperature (300 K). Slutin T find the rt mean square velcity (v rms ) f He atms at
More informationPhys101 First Major-131 Zero Version Coordinator: Dr. A. A. Naqvi Wednesday, September 25, 2013 Page: 1
Phys11 First Majr-11 Zer Versin Crdinatr: Dr. A. A. Naqvi Wednesday, September 5, 1 Page: 1 Q1. Cnsider tw unifrm slid spheres A and B made f the same material and having radii r A and r B, respectively.
More informationFIZIKA ANGOL NYELVEN JAVÍTÁSI-ÉRTÉKELÉSI ÚTMUTATÓ
Fizika angl nyelven emelt szint 0804 ÉRETTSÉGI VIZSGA 010. május 18. FIZIKA ANGOL NYELVEN EMELT SZINTŰ ÍRÁSBELI ÉRETTSÉGI VIZSGA JAVÍTÁSI-ÉRTÉKELÉSI ÚTMUTATÓ OKTATÁSI ÉS KULTURÁLIS MINISZTÉRIUM In marking
More informationCoupled Inductors and Transformers
Cupled nductrs and Transfrmers Self-nductance When current i flws thrugh the cil, a magnetic flux is prduced arund it. d d di di v= = = dt di dt dt nductance: = d di This inductance is cmmnly called self-inductance,
More informationarxiv:hep-ph/ v1 2 Jun 1995
WIS-95//May-PH The rati F n /F p frm the analysis f data using a new scaling variable S. A. Gurvitz arxiv:hep-ph/95063v1 Jun 1995 Department f Particle Physics, Weizmann Institute f Science, Rehvt 76100,
More informationPressure And Entropy Variations Across The Weak Shock Wave Due To Viscosity Effects
Pressure And Entrpy Variatins Acrss The Weak Shck Wave Due T Viscsity Effects OSTAFA A. A. AHOUD Department f athematics Faculty f Science Benha University 13518 Benha EGYPT Abstract:-The nnlinear differential
More informationElectrochemistry. Reduction: the gaining of electrons. Reducing agent (reductant): species that donates electrons to reduce another reagent.
Electrchemistry Review: Reductin: the gaining f electrns Oxidatin: the lss f electrns Reducing agent (reductant): species that dnates electrns t reduce anther reagent. Oxidizing agent (xidant): species
More informationChapter 19. Electric Potential Energy and the Electric Potential
Chapter 19 Electric Ptential Energy and the Electric Ptential 19.1 Ptential Energy W mgh mgh GPE GPE 19.1 Ptential Energy 19.1 Ptential Energy W EPE EPE 19. The Electric Ptential Difference W q EPE q EPE
More informationFall 2013 Physics 172 Recitation 3 Momentum and Springs
Fall 03 Physics 7 Recitatin 3 Mmentum and Springs Purpse: The purpse f this recitatin is t give yu experience wrking with mmentum and the mmentum update frmula. Readings: Chapter.3-.5 Learning Objectives:.3.
More informationLifting a Lion: Using Proportions
Overview Students will wrk in cperative grups t slve a real-wrd prblem by using the bk Hw D yu Lift a Lin? Using a ty lin and a lever, students will discver hw much wrk is needed t raise the ty lin. They
More informationLab #3: Pendulum Period and Proportionalities
Physics 144 Chwdary Hw Things Wrk Spring 2006 Name: Partners Name(s): Intrductin Lab #3: Pendulum Perid and Prprtinalities Smetimes, it is useful t knw the dependence f ne quantity n anther, like hw the
More informationDINGWALL ACADEMY NATIONAL QUALIFICATIONS. Mathematics Higher Prelim Examination 2010/2011 Paper 1 Assessing Units 1 & 2.
INGWLL EMY Mathematics Higher Prelim Eaminatin 00/0 Paper ssessing Units & NTIONL QULIFITIONS Time allwed - hur 0 minutes Read carefull alculatrs ma NOT be used in this paper. Sectin - Questins - 0 (0
More information