Prototype ring spinning tester with superconducting magnetic bearing system for high productivity

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1 Prototype ring spinning tester with superconducting magnetic bearing system for high productivity M Hossain 1, M Sparing 2, A Berger 2, A Abdkader 1, D Berger 2,G Fuchs 2, C Cherif 1, L Schultz 2 1 Institute of Textile Machinery and High Performance Material Technology (ITM),TU Dresden, Germany, 2 IFW Dresden, Institute for Metallic Materials, Dresden, Germany

2 Technical University of Dresden, Germany techbeyond2020

3 Research Group Yarn structure and yarn formation technology Development and modification of spinning machines Manufacturing of hybrid and multi-component yarns for high performance staple fiber materials (rcf, CF, GF, Basalt) Sensor and actuator yarns for structural health monitoring of composite components Modeling and simulation of the yarn dynamics Configuration of measuring systems for the analysis of yarn and machine dynamics

4 Principle of ring spinning process Twisting of yarn Winding of yarn on cop Ring/traveler system Yarn Traveler Bräcker AG Ring Principle of ringspinning Ring/traveler system

5 Limitations of ring spinning process rpm traveler yarn ring n max = rpm Traveler is dragged along the stationary ring by the yarn and is winding onto the cop. Yarn throughput limited by ring-traveler friction heat wear and melting of synthetic yarns

6 Limitations of ring spinning process Friction between traveler and ring Yarn tension Solutions of Ring/traveler system : Different material combinations and different shapes of ring/travelers (Fig. a) Coating of ring/traveler FF FF FF cc Traveler α FF FF cccccc αα ω Cop Ring y Ring/traveler with air bearing Rotating magnetic ring (Fig. b) x Forces acting on traveler. F R : Frictional force ; F c : Centrifugal force ; F F : Winding force ; ω: Angular velocity of traveler (a) Manual of textile technology, W Klein (b) US B2 (2007)

7 Properties of superconductivity Zero resistance R = 0 Magnetic field is pushed out of the superconductor Superconductivity, W Buckel

8 Properties of superconductivity magnetic field flux line magnetic flux quantisation each flux line contains one flux quantum Φ o = Tm 2 magnetic field pinning center pinning of flux lines on material defects in order to prevent their movement loss-free current j < j c (critical current density)

9 Superconducting magnetic bearing (SMB) Wikipedia Magnet is levitated above high temperature superconductor in liquid nitrogen (-196 C) Components Example Excitation Permanent system magnet HTSC Yttrium barium copper oxide (YBCO) Cooling Liquid nitrogen system (LN2) Function Provide magnetic flux lines Create levitation force due to flux pinning effect Cooling down superconductor Advantages of superconducting bearing system: No necessity of extra control system and sensor Implementation as radial, axial, linear bearing system for high speed applications such as in linear transport system, turbo machine etc.

10 Principle of superconducting magnetic bearing Arrangement of PM & HTSC using non-magnetic spacer Cooling HTSC with liquid nitrogen (-196 C) Anchoring the flux lines of PM in the defects of superconductor Stable, contact-free bearing of HTSC over PM Superconductor (HTSC) in the magnetic field with acting forces PM: Permanent magnet HTSC: High-temperature superconductor

11 Concepts of superconducting magnetic bearing Concept 1: The permanent magnet ring levitates above superconductor coaxially Concept 2: The permanent magnet levitates inside the superconductor coplanerly Levitation force: F P ~ j C A db dz j C : critical current density of super-currents A : effective area between superconducting and magnetic ring db dz : magnetic field gradient

12 Concepts of superconducting magnetic bearing yarn traveler magnetic ring ring superconductor

13 Modeling and Simulation of yarn path i. Yarn tension is calculated in four region ii. Balloon shapes between yarn guide and the yarn guide of permanent magnet I Delivery rollers Yarn guide Important parameters for modeling II III Material : 100% PES (38 mm, 1.14 dtex) Yarn count: 30 tex Spindle speed: rpm Twist: 700 TPM IV SMB-System Ring spinning method with superconducting magnetic bearing (SMB)

14 Modeling and Simulation of yarn path Numerical model for yarn forces and balloon shape Theoretical balloon shape at rpm Model validation with high-speed camera Input Parameter Spindle speed [rpm] F(I) [cn] Output Parameter max. balloondiameter [mm] Calculated yarn tension at yarn guide rpm Comparison of calculated and measured balloon shapes at the spindle speed of rpm

15 Integration of SMB-system

16 Integration of SMB-system N 2 -Gas discharge LN 2 supply Temperature measurement Magnet Cryostat Vacuum system

17 Yarn Properties with SMB-system SMB yarn: comparable yarn strength comparable yarn twist comparable yarn structure less yarn irregularities reduced friction and temperature during spinning Yarn spun with ring traveler Yarn spun with SMB twisting element 500 µm Hossain M, Abdkader A, Cherif C, Sparing M, Berger D, Fuchs G, and Schultz L. Textile Research Journal (2014) Innovative twisting mechanism based on superconducting technology for higher productivity in ring spinning machine

18 Yarn Properties with SMB-system Yarn 30 tex from 100% PES

19 Conclusion and outlook Conception, developement and Implementation of new twisting system based on superconductivity to replace the existing ring/traveler system in ring spinning machine The advantages of superconducting bearing are the friction-free twisting element and stable running during spinning, which allow to increase productivity of ring spinning machine. The yarn properties such as yarn strength, yarn unenvenness, yarn twist and the microscopic investigation show satisfactory results. The yarn can be spun up to rpm with this SMB-system. We plan to spin up to rpm through the integration of new driving and controlling system in the ring spinning machine.

20 Thank you for your kind attention We would like to thank the German Research Foundation (DFG) for the financial funding of the research project Project Partner IFW Dresden, Institute for Metallic Materials, Germany

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