ion flows and temperatures in a helicon plasma source
|
|
- Kathleen Harvey
- 6 years ago
- Views:
Transcription
1 Time-resolved, laser-inducedfluorescence measurements of ion flows and temperatures in a helicon plasma source Earl E. Scime* June, 2010 International Conference on Spectral Line Shapes * Ioana Biloiu, Jerry Carr, Saikat Chakraborty Thakur, Sam Cohen, Matt Galante, Alex Hansen, Amy Keesee, Dustin McCarren, Stephanie Sears, and Xuan Sun
2 HIGHLIGHTS LIF in multiple species demonstrated in low density plasmas with a single 10 mw diode laser. Absorption line width, shift, and amplitude each provide quantitative measures of key plasma source parameters. LIF in expanding helicon plasmas used to demonstrate existence of spontaneous double layer Detailed LIF measurements of ion beam (tomographic, timeresolved, and polarization resolved) address key aspects of double layer formation and stability.
3 OUTLINE LIF schemes employed for Ar II, Ar I, He I Examples of science issues examined through LIF Source optimization (line widths) Three dimensional flows (line shifts) Velocity distribution anisotropy (multiplexed LIF) Absolute He density (optical depth) LIF measurements of ion beams accelerated by double layers Asymmetric optical pumping (Zeeman cooling due to gradients) Tomographic and time-resolved LIF Evidence for beam driven instability suppression of double layer in pulsed plasmas
4 Argon Ion Emission TYPICALLY WE BEGIN OUR THREE-LEVEL LIF SCHEMES FOR LOW-TEMPERATURE PLASMAS WITH EXCITATION FROM A LOW-LYING METASTABLE STATE AR II velocity Distribution Ar II diode laser nm4p4 D 5/ nm T Ar II =.22 ev 3d 4 F 7/ s 4 P 3/2 0.1 Ar II dye laser 461 nm 4s 2 D 5/2 4p 2 F 7/ nm 3d 2 G 9/ Frequency ( ) (GHz) o Stark broadening and natural linewidth are ignorable. Zeeman splitting ignorable for perpendicular injection. For parallel measurements, single circular polarization used.
5 Helium Neutral Emission Argon Neutral Emission OCCASIONALLY NON-METASTABLE AND 4-LEVEL SCHEMES ARE ALSO EMPLOYED FOR LIF ON HE I AND AR I 0.5 Ar I diode laser nm 4p ( 2 P 0 1/2) nm T Ar I =.03 ev 4s ( 2 P 0 1/2) s ( 2 P 0 1/2) 1 4s( 2 P 0 3/2) 1 4s( 2 P 0 3/2) 2 metastable Frequency ( ) (GHz) o 0.35 He I diode laser nm 3 1 P 3 1 D excitation transfer nm T He I =.03 ev S 2 1 P Frequency ( ) (GHz) o
6 COMPACT, PORTABLE, DIODE-LASER BASED SYSTEM FOR LIF LIF Signal (a.u.) Iodine Reference Cell Signal (a. u.) 1: scope 11: PMT 2: powermeter 12: Toptica laser 3: wavemeter 13: chopper 4: ¼ wave retarder / polarizer 5: vacuum chamber 14: laser controller 6: plasma 15: lock-in amp. 7: LIF volume 16: DAQ card 8: laser dump 17: laptop PC 9: collection optics 18: signal 10 interference filter LIF measurements performed with low power (~ 10 mw) diode laser, new (~ 400 mw) diode laser, and 1.2 W dye laser. Shift relative to iodine line or wavemeter standard yields overall flow speed Laser Frequency (GHz)
7 AR II LINE WIDTH (TEMPERATURE) MEASUREMENTS IDENTIFY OPTIMAL ( ~ LH) OPERATING CONDITIONS AND ANTENNA GEOMETRY FOR HELICON PLASMA SOURCE m =+1 helical Nagoya III
8 AR II ION HEATING PEAKS AT SAME MAGNETIC FIELDS AND RF FREQUENCIES AS PREDICTED BY 1 THEORY 1 1 = lh ce ci pi ci (k / ) v thi ~ 1 -> ion Landau Damping Strong ion heating correlated with the lower hybrid frequency in the edge (frequency downshifts because of plasma frequency term)
9 2D AR LINE SHIFT (FLOW) MEASUREMENTS INDICATE STRONG ROTATION. 2D LIF INTENSITY INDICATES CORE ~ 3 CM X 3 CM collection optics Velmex Unislide Motor injection optics
10 MULTIPLEXED AR LIF ENABLES SIMULTANEOUS PARALLEL AND PERPENDICULAR ION VELOCITY DISTRIBUTION MEASUREMENTS Isotropic ion distribution for these source parameters
11 Normalized Intensity LIF Amplitude (a.u.) HE LIF OPTICAL DEPTH MEASUREMENTS FOR ABSOLUTE NEUTRAL DENSITIES Location along beam Z = 55 cm Z = 85 cm Z = 115 cm The optical depth 0 I / I e 0 e z Ng A / 2 8g1 v th L 0.6 Exponential fit: τ = cm -1, corresponds to a metastable density of 1.47 x cm Frequency Shift (GHz) 0.6 The metastable density is related to ground state neutral density (n z-1 (1) where z is the degree of ionization) through a steady-sate collisional-radiative model for an excited state p 0.4 n z p R p n 1 0 e z 1 e z n R p n n Axial Distance from rf Antenna (cm) Using measured plasma parameters, the predicted ground state neutral density is 5.9 x cm -3, ~ 10% ionized.
12 ELECTROSTATIC DOUBLE LAYER (DL) BASICS Scale length ~ 10 s of Debye lengths (shielding distances) quasi-neutrality is violated! accelerated ions Fluid theory for collisionless plasma L.P. Block, Astrophysics and Space Science (1978)
13 Plasma potential (V) SIGNATURE OF SPONTANEOUS DL IN HELICON IS A DOWNSTREAM AR ION BEAM [CHARLES AND BOSWELL, 2003; COHEN ET AL., 2003] Beam V p double layer from RFEA probe
14 IN MC-PIC, ION BEAM FORMS AT EXPANSION POINT, TWO ION POPULATIONS DOWNSTREAM OF DL beam ~ 5 km/s sheath double layer Joint ANU-France Monte Carlo, particle-in-cell simulation
15 FULL DL STRUCTURE, INCLUDING PRE-SHEATH REGION, MEASURED IN HELIX. EXCELLENT AGREEMENT WITH MC-PIC MODEL [Sun et al., PRL 2005] The plasma potential measurements are consistent with the LIF ion energy measurements. The plasma potential tracks the magnetic field strength - decreasing along z. The pre-sheath and sheath are clearly visible and large enough for detailed study. pre-sheath sheath
16 f(v) IONS ACCELERATED TO ~ 10 KM/S DOWNSTREAM OF DL weak double layer as E Beam ~ 3kT e Ion Velocity (m/s) Position (cm)
17 Ion beam energy (ev) ASYMMETRIC OPTICAL PUMPING: AT DL LOCATION IN MNX HELICON SOURCE THERE IS A MAGNETIC FIELD GRADIENT AND AN AR FLOW SPEED GRADIENT Beyond Aperture Plasma Source Region z (cm)
18 ASYMMETRIC AR II LIF ZEEMAN SIGNAL IN MNX SOURCE nm 4 4s P 5/ pd 5/ 2 Ar II nm 4 3d F 7/ 2 m 5/ 2 : 5/ 2 m 7 / 2 : 7 / 2 Each ion group in the metastable state with different m should be equally populated in the source (T ~ 8 ev)?
19 LIF Amplitude (arb) n e 2 Te 0.5 (10 23 cm -6 ev 0.5 ) WHICH COMPONENT IS ABNORMAL (TOO MUCH + OR TOO LITTLE - )? since Clearly, - components are suppressed but how? Radius (cm)
20 ASYMMETRIC OPTICAL PUMPING (ZEEMAN COOLING) Absorption out of the i th state of free ions:* d B N ij i( z ) N i( z ) d L i( ) I ( z,, t ) dt 4 0 * 2 i ( ) i D exp D L M T T * [ I ib( z)][1 V ( z) / c] I( z,, t) laser instensity I( z,, t) I ( ) B ij o Einstein Coefficient o During ions moving from a to b, laser is pumping ions the whole time: N i b a d Ni( z) dz V ( z) dt Distance between a and b is ion mean-free-path The LIF signal is proportional to the pumping intensity of the remaining ions: Bij Ai ( b) ( Ni Ni) d Li ( ) I( b,, t) 4 0 Summing over all Zeeman sublevels: A( b) A ( b) i 6 1 i *M. J. Geockner and J. Goree, J. Vac. Sci. Technol. (1989)
21 R MODEL PREDICTION BASED ON MEASURED COLLISIONALITY CONSISTENT WITH OBSERVATIONS 5 [ ( ( ))(1 ( ) / )] 6 6 I ib zo V zo c Ni( zo) DT o i o i 0 o o N i 1 i 1 i [ o ( I i B ( z ))(1 V ( z ) / c )] i() B i z 1 T e D dz 4 z z i DT V ( z) A ( z ) A ( z ) (1 ) M e I ( ) d N z M N R A A /10 i 10 i Nozzle Magnetic Field (kg) i Potential Significance: Remote measurements of ion collision frequency and ion density for highly ionized plasma And.
22 LIF TOMOGRAPHIC STUDIES IDENTIFY MIRROR RATIO THRESHOLD FOR DL FORMATION
23 THE DL TYPICALLY REQUIRES 10 S OF MS NO SHORT PULSE ROCKETS? More detailed study with 1 ms time resolution: the LIF-determined argon ion velocity distribution function during a 100 ms plasma pulse surface plot showing fast (~ 7.1 km/s) and a slow (~ 0.4 km/s) ion populations.
24 BEAM DELAY DEPENDS ON DEAD TIME, I.E., PERSISTENCE
25 PULSED AND ANTENNA FREQUENCY STUDIES TO EXPLORE BEAM FORMATION PHASE DO BEAMS ATTEMPT TO FORM, BUT CANNOT? Background Beam Moderate mirror ratio of 30 case persistent ion beam Wave amplitude
26 CLEAR CORRELATION WITH FASTER & MORE INTENSE BEAM AND APPEARANCE OF INSTABILITY ~7.2km/s 8 km/s Faster, Mirror Large mirror ratio more of ratio, intense 30, no large waves beam waves before waves appear
27 LARGE MIRROR RATIO CASE SMALL MIRROR RATIO CASE beam-wave anti -correlation
28 HIGHLIGHTS LIF in multiple species demonstrated in low density plasmas with a single 10 mw diode laser. Line shape, width, and amplitude each provide quantitative measures of key plasma source parameters. LIF in expanding helicon plasmas used to demonstrate existence of spontaneous double layer Detailed LIF measurements of ion beam (tomographic, timeresolved, and polarization resolved) address key aspects of double layer formation and stability. Multi-specie LIF in double layers demonstrates that the ions accelerate to a common, bulk, sound speed in the presheath.
29 TIME RESOLVED LIF DEVELOPED TO INVESTIGATE DL FORMATION PHASE ANU experiments indicate some DL formation within 100 s (RFEA measurements difficult to quantify). Stenzel experiments in supersonically expanding plasmas indicate DL forms within a few ms (just an ambipolar field effect?). In HELIX, the DL forms within a few ms, but ion beam energy continues to increase until ~ 100 ms into discharge pulse. This measurement is in the DL and once the DL forms, the background ions are unable to reach the measurement location - so only one population is observed. ion beam Ion Velocity (arb)
30 MONTE-CARLO -PIC SIMULATION SUGGESTS DENSITY GRADIENT TRIGGERS DL FORMATION Common geometry for all helicon source experiments reporting DLs A spatially dependent loss rate models the divergent magnetic field [Meige et al. Phys. Plasmas (2005)]. DL spontaneously forms when the loss rate exceeds a critical value.
31 Amplitude Amplitude A PUZZLE IN THE SUN S MAGNETIC FIELD MEASUREMENTS Asymmetric Stokes V profile could yield erroneous stellar field measurements How astrophysicists measure the Sun s magnetic field? Wavelength (nm) Why asymmetric? Sigwarth: Our results indeed show that unresolved magnetic and velocity fields are responsible for various observed profiles! Stokes V profile ----M. Sigwarth, Astrophysical Journal, 2001 Wavelength (nm)
Increased Upstream Ionization Due to Spontaneous Formation of a Double Layer in an Expanding Plasma
Increased Upstream Ionization Due to Spontaneous Formation of a Double Layer in an Expanding Plasma Earl E. Scime* November, 2009 APS Division of Plasma Physics Meeting * with Costel Biloiu, Ioana Biloiu,
More informationPressure dependence of an ion beam accelerating structure in an expanding helicon plasma
Pressure dependence of an ion beam accelerating structure in an expanding helicon plasma Xiao Zhang, Evan Aguirre, Derek S. Thompson, John McKee, Miguel Henriquez, and Earl E. Scime Citation: Physics of
More informationBeams and magnetized plasmas
Beams and magnetized plasmas 1 Jean-Pierre BOEUF LAboratoire PLAsma et Conversion d Energie LAPLACE/ CNRS, Université Paul SABATIER, TOULOUSE Beams and magnetized plasmas 2 Outline Ion acceleration and
More informationEarl E Scime, Paul A Keiter, Michael W Zintl, Matthew M Balkey, John L Kline and Mark E Koepke
Plasma Sources Sci. Technol. 7 (1998) 186-191. Printed in the UK PII: 50963-0252(98)92978-4 Earl E Scime, Paul A Keiter, Michael W Zintl, Matthew M Balkey, John L Kline and Mark E Koepke Department of
More informationElectron Energy Distributions in a Radiofrequency Plasma. Expanded by Permanent Magnets
J. Plasma Fusion Res. SERIES, Vol. 9 (21) Electron Energy Distributions in a Radiofrequency Plasma Expanded by Permanent Magnets Tomoyo SASAKI, Kazunori TAKAHASHI, and Tamiya FUJIWARA Department of Electrical
More informationCluster fusion in a high magnetic field
Santa Fe July 28, 2009 Cluster fusion in a high magnetic field Roger Bengtson, Boris Breizman Institute for Fusion Studies, Fusion Research Center The University of Texas at Austin In collaboration with:
More informationThe low-field density peak in helicon discharges
PHYSICS OF PLASMAS VOLUME 10, NUMBER 6 JUNE 2003 Francis F. Chen a) Electrical Engineering Department, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, California 90095-1597 Received 10 December 2002;
More informationVisualization of Xe and Sn Atoms Generated from Laser-Produced Plasma for EUV Light Source
3rd International EUVL Symposium NOVEMBER 1-4, 2004 Miyazaki, Japan Visualization of Xe and Sn Atoms Generated from Laser-Produced Plasma for EUV Light Source H. Tanaka, A. Matsumoto, K. Akinaga, A. Takahashi
More informationPHYSICS Computational Plasma Physics
PHYSICS 78 - Computational Plasma Physics INSTRUCTOR Dr. Earl Scime (escime@wvu.edu) 93-34, ext. 1437 Office hours: MW :30 3:30 and whenever door is open Rm 18 & 05 Hodges Hall Class: MWF 1:30-:0 Rm 334
More informationSpatial Profile of Ion Velocity Distribution Function in Helicon High-Density Plasma by Laser Induced Fluorescence Method
Trans. JSASS Aerospace Tech. Japan Vol. 14, No. ists3, pp. Pb_7-Pb_12, 216 Spatial Profile of Ion Velocity Distribution Function in Helicon High-Density Plasma by Laser Induced Fluorescence Method By Yuriko
More informationLaser Excitation Dynamics of Argon Metastables Generated in Atmospheric Pressure Flows by Microwave Frequency Microplasma Arrays
Physical Sciences Inc. Laser Excitation Dynamics of Argon Metastables Generated in Atmospheric Pressure Flows by Microwave Frequency Microplasma Arrays W.T. Rawlins, K.L. Galbally-Kinney, S.J. Davis Physical
More informationarxiv: v1 [physics.plasm-ph] 10 Nov 2014
arxiv:1411.2464v1 [physics.plasm-ph] 10 Nov 2014 Effects of fast atoms and energy-dependent secondary electron emission yields in PIC/MCC simulations of capacitively coupled plasmas A. Derzsi 1, I. Korolov
More informationOptogalvanic spectroscopy of the Zeeman effect in xenon
Optogalvanic spectroscopy of the Zeeman effect in xenon Timothy B. Smith, Bailo B. Ngom, and Alec D. Gallimore ICOPS-2006 10:45, 5 Jun 06 Executive summary What are we reporting? Xe I optogalvanic spectra
More informationLow Temperature Plasma Technology Laboratory
Low Temperature Plasma Technology Laboratory CHARACTERIZATION AND MODELING OF THE MØRI SOURCE Francis F. Chen and Donald Arnush FINAL REPORT, UC MICRO PROJECT 98-2 JOINTLY FUNDED BY APPLIED MATERIALS LTP-2
More informationOne-dimensional particle-in-cell simulation of a current-free double layer in an expanding plasma
One-dimensional particle-in-cell simulation of a current-free double layer in an expanding plasma Albert Meige, Rod W. Boswell, Christine Charles, and Miles M. Turner Citation: Physics of Plasmas (1994-present)
More informationPHYSICS OF PLASMAS 23, (2016)
PHYSICS OF PLASMAS 23, 082112 (2016) Development of core ion temperature gradients and edge sheared flows in a helicon plasma device investigated by laser induced fluorescence measurements S. C. Thakur,
More informationTheory of Gas Discharge
Boris M. Smirnov Theory of Gas Discharge Plasma l Springer Contents 1 Introduction 1 Part I Processes in Gas Discharge Plasma 2 Properties of Gas Discharge Plasma 13 2.1 Equilibria and Distributions of
More informationPlasma parameter evolution in a periodically pulsed ICP
Plasma parameter evolution in a periodically pulsed ICP V. Godyak and B. Alexandrovich OSRAM SYLVANIA, 71 Cherry Hill Drive, Beverly, MA 01915, USA The electron energy probability function (EEPF) has been
More informationPLASMA ADIABATICITY IN A DIVERGING MAGNETIC NOZZLE
PLASMA ADIABATICITY IN A DIVERGING MAGNETIC NOZZLE J. P. Sheehan and Benjamin W. Longmier University of Michigan Edgar A. Bering University of Houston Christopher S. Olsen, Jared P. Squire, Mark D. Carter,
More informationPhysics of High Pressure Helicon Plasma and Effect of Wavenumber Spectrum
(1)Title Physics of High Pressure Helicon Plasma and Effect of Wavenumber Spectrum Interdisciplinary Graduate School of Engineering Sciences, Kyushu Univeristy, Japan Shunjiro SHINOHARA Scientific Center
More informationLASERS. Amplifiers: Broad-band communications (avoid down-conversion)
L- LASERS Representative applications: Amplifiers: Broad-band communications (avoid down-conversion) Oscillators: Blasting: Energy States: Hydrogen atom Frequency/distance reference, local oscillators,
More informationParticle-In-Cell Simulations of a Current-Free Double Layer
Particle-In-Cell Simulations of a Current-Free Double Layer S. D. Baalrud 1, T. Lafleur, C. Charles and R. W. Boswell American Physical Society Division of Plasma Physics Meeting November 10, 2010 1Present
More informationLow Temperature Plasma Technology Laboratory
Low Temperature Plasma Technology Laboratory Equilibrium theory for plasma discharges of finite length Francis F. Chen and Davide Curreli LTP-6 June, Electrical Engineering Department Los Angeles, California
More informationExperimental investigation of double layers in expanding plasmas
PHYSICS OF PLASMAS 14, 013506 2007 Experimental investigation of double layers in expanding plasmas N. Plihon, a P. Chabert, and C. S. Corr Laboratoire de Physique et Technologie des Plasmas, Ecole Polytechnique,
More informationHong Young Chang Department of Physics, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology (KAIST), Republic of Korea
Hong Young Chang Department of Physics, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology (KAIST), Republic of Korea Index 1. Introduction 2. Some plasma sources 3. Related issues 4. Summary -2 Why is
More informationNonlinear Diffusion in Magnetized Discharges. Francis F. Chen. Electrical Engineering Department
Nonlinear Diffusion in Magnetized Discharges Francis F. Chen Electrical Engineering Department PPG-1579 January, 1998 Revised April, 1998 Nonlinear Diffusion in Magnetized Discharges Francis F. Chen Electrical
More informationSome Topics in Optics
Some Topics in Optics The HeNe LASER The index of refraction and dispersion Interference The Michelson Interferometer Diffraction Wavemeter Fabry-Pérot Etalon and Interferometer The Helium Neon LASER A
More informationMetal Vapour Lasers Use vapoured metal as a gain medium Developed by W. Silfvast (1966) Two types: Ionized Metal vapour (He-Cd) Neutral Metal vapour
Metal Vapour Lasers Use vapoured metal as a gain medium Developed by W. Silfvast (1966) Two types: Ionized Metal vapour (He-Cd) Neutral Metal vapour (Cu) All operate by vaporizing metal in container Helium
More informationPlasma Astrophysics Chapter 1: Basic Concepts of Plasma. Yosuke Mizuno Institute of Astronomy National Tsing-Hua University
Plasma Astrophysics Chapter 1: Basic Concepts of Plasma Yosuke Mizuno Institute of Astronomy National Tsing-Hua University What is a Plasma? A plasma is a quasi-neutral gas consisting of positive and negative
More informationPRINCIPLES OF PLASMA DISCHARGES AND MATERIALS PROCESSING
PRINCIPLES OF PLASMA DISCHARGES AND MATERIALS PROCESSING Second Edition MICHAEL A. LIEBERMAN ALLAN J, LICHTENBERG WILEY- INTERSCIENCE A JOHN WILEY & SONS, INC PUBLICATION CONTENTS PREFACE xrrii PREFACE
More informationMONTE CARLO SIMULATION OF RADIATION TRAPPING IN ELECTRODELESS LAMPS: A STUDY OF COLLISIONAL BROADENERS*
MONTE CARLO SIMULATION OF RADIATION TRAPPING IN ELECTRODELESS LAMPS: A STUDY OF COLLISIONAL BROADENERS* Kapil Rajaraman** and Mark J. Kushner*** **Department of Physics ***Department of Electrical and
More informationLarge Plasma Device (LAPD)
Large Plasma Device (LAPD) Over 450 Access ports Computer Controlled Data Acquisition Microwave Interferometers Laser Induced Fluorescence DC Magnetic Field: 0.05-4 kg, variable on axis Highly Ionized
More informationFundamentals of Spectroscopy for Optical Remote Sensing. Course Outline 2009
Fundamentals of Spectroscopy for Optical Remote Sensing Course Outline 2009 Part I. Fundamentals of Quantum Mechanics Chapter 1. Concepts of Quantum and Experimental Facts 1.1. Blackbody Radiation and
More informationEXTREME ULTRAVIOLET AND SOFT X-RAY LASERS
Chapter 7 EXTREME ULTRAVIOLET AND SOFT X-RAY LASERS Hot dense plasma lasing medium d θ λ λ Visible laser pump Ch07_00VG.ai The Processes of Absorption, Spontaneous Emission, and Stimulated Emission Absorption
More informationContents: 1) IEC and Helicon 2) What is HIIPER? 3) Analysis of Helicon 4) Coupling of the Helicon and the IEC 5) Conclusions 6) Acknowledgments
Contents: 1) IEC and Helicon 2) What is HIIPER? 3) Analysis of Helicon 4) Coupling of the Helicon and the IEC 5) Conclusions 6) Acknowledgments IEC:! IEC at UIUC modified into a space thruster.! IEC has
More informationLasers... the optical cavity
Lasers... the optical cavity history principle, intuitive aspects, characteristics 2 levels systems Ti: Helium Al2O3 - Neon model-locked laser laser VCSEL bragg mirrors cleaved facets 13 ptical and/or
More informationIon heating in the HELIX helicon plasma source
PHYSICS OF PLASMAS VOLUME 6, NUMBER 1 DECEMBER 1999 Ion heating in the HELIX helicon plasma source J. L. Kline, E. E. Scime, P. A. Keiter, M. M. Balkey, and R. F. Boivin Department of Physics, West Virginia
More informationPhysics and Modelling of a Negative Ion Source Prototype for the ITER Neutral Beam Injection
1 ITR/P1-37 Physics and Modelling of a Negative Ion Source Prototype for the ITER Neutral Beam Injection J.P. Boeuf a, G. Fubiani a, G. Hagelaar a, N. Kohen a, L. Pitchford a, P. Sarrailh a, and A. Simonin
More informationLaser Types Two main types depending on time operation Continuous Wave (CW) Pulsed operation Pulsed is easier, CW more useful
Main Requirements of the Laser Optical Resonator Cavity Laser Gain Medium of 2, 3 or 4 level types in the Cavity Sufficient means of Excitation (called pumping) eg. light, current, chemical reaction Population
More informationPIC-MCC simulations for complex plasmas
GRADUATE SUMMER INSTITUTE "Complex Plasmas August 4, 008 PIC-MCC simulations for complex plasmas Irina Schweigert Institute of Theoretical and Applied Mechanics, SB RAS, Novosibirsk Outline GRADUATE SUMMER
More informationHelicon Double Layer Thruster Performance Enhancement via Manipulation of Magnetic Topology
Helicon Double Layer Thruster Performance Enhancement via Manipulation of Magnetic Topology IEPC--97 Presented at the nd International Electric Propulsion Conference, Wiesbaden, Germany S. J. Pottinger,
More informationModélisation de sources plasma froid magnétisé
Modélisation de sources plasma froid magnétisé Gerjan Hagelaar Groupe de Recherche Energétique, Plasma & Hors Equilibre (GREPHE) Laboratoire Plasma et Conversion d Énergie (LAPLACE) Université Paul Sabatier,
More informationSimulation results for magnetized plasmas
Chapter 4 Simulation results for magnetized plasmas In this chapter, we consider the dust charge fluctuation mode and lower hybrid wave damping in a magnetized plasma. Also, we consider plasma instabilities
More informationPIC-MCC/Fluid Hybrid Model for Low Pressure Capacitively Coupled O 2 Plasma
PIC-MCC/Fluid Hybrid Model for Low Pressure Capacitively Coupled O 2 Plasma Kallol Bera a, Shahid Rauf a and Ken Collins a a Applied Materials, Inc. 974 E. Arques Ave., M/S 81517, Sunnyvale, CA 9485, USA
More informationFrequency dependent effects in helicon plasmas
Frequency dependent effects in helicon plasmas Paul A. Keiter, Earl E. Scime, and Matthew M. Balkey Department of Physics, West Virginia University, Morgantown, West Virginia 6506 Received 6 November 1996;
More informationLaser induced fluorescence in Ar and He plasmas with a tunable diode laser
REVIEW OF SCIENTIFIC INSTRUMENTS VOLUME 74, NUMBER 10 OCTOBER 2003 Laser induced fluorescence in Ar and He plasmas with a tunable diode laser R. F. Boivin a) Department of Physics, Auburn University, Auburn,
More informationPlasma production from helicon waves
Plasma production from helicon waves A. W. Degeling, C. O. Jung, a) R. W. Boswell, and A. R. Ellingboe b) Space Plasma & Plasma Processing Group, Plasma Research Laboratory, Research School of Physical
More informationPlasma Spectroscopy Inferences from Line Emission
Plasma Spectroscopy Inferences from Line Emission Ø From line λ, can determine element, ionization state, and energy levels involved Ø From line shape, can determine bulk and thermal velocity and often
More information4 Modeling of a capacitive RF discharge
4 Modeling of a capacitive discharge 4.1 PIC MCC model for capacitive discharge Capacitive radio frequency () discharges are very popular, both in laboratory research for the production of low-temperature
More informationLaboratory evidence of a supersonic ion beam generated by a current-free helicon double-layer
PHYSICS OF PLASMAS VOLUME 11, NUMBER 4 APRIL 2004 Laboratory evidence of a supersonic ion beam generated by a current-free helicon double-layer C. Charles a) and R. W. Boswell Plasma Research Laboratory,
More informationOPTICAL GAIN AND LASERS
OPTICAL GAIN AND LASERS 01-02-1 BY DAVID ROCKWELL DIRECTOR, RESEARCH & DEVELOPMENT fsona COMMUNICATIONS MARCH 6, 2001 OUTLINE 01-02-2 I. DEFINITIONS, BASIC CONCEPTS II. III. IV. OPTICAL GAIN AND ABSORPTION
More informationLow-field helicon discharges
Plasma Phys. Control. Fusion 39 (1997) A411 A420. Printed in the UK PII: S0741-3335(97)80958-X Low-field helicon discharges F F Chen, X Jiang, J D Evans, G Tynan and D Arnush University of California,
More informationChapter-4 Stimulated emission devices LASERS
Semiconductor Laser Diodes Chapter-4 Stimulated emission devices LASERS The Road Ahead Lasers Basic Principles Applications Gas Lasers Semiconductor Lasers Semiconductor Lasers in Optical Networks Improvement
More informationFINAL REPORT. DOE Grant DE-FG03-87ER13727
FINAL REPORT DOE Grant DE-FG03-87ER13727 Dynamics of Electronegative Plasmas for Materials Processing Allan J. Lichtenberg and Michael A. Lieberman Department of Electrical Engineering and Computer Sciences
More informationMODELING OF AN ECR SOURCE FOR MATERIALS PROCESSING USING A TWO DIMENSIONAL HYBRID PLASMA EQUIPMENT MODEL. Ron L. Kinder and Mark J.
TECHCON 98 Las Vegas, Nevada September 9-11, 1998 MODELING OF AN ECR SOURCE FOR MATERIALS PROCESSING USING A TWO DIMENSIONAL HYBRID PLASMA EQUIPMENT MODEL Ron L. Kinder and Mark J. Kushner Department of
More informationDiffusion during Plasma Formation
Chapter 6 Diffusion during Plasma Formation Interesting processes occur in the plasma formation stage of the Basil discharge. This early stage has particular interest because the highest plasma densities
More informationNonlinear processes associated with Alfvén waves in a laboratory plasma
Nonlinear processes associated with Alfvén waves in a laboratory plasma Troy Carter Dept. Physics and Astronomy and Center for Multiscale Plasma Dynamics, UCLA acknowledgements: Brian Brugman, David Auerbach,
More informationIs plasma important? Influence molecule formation?
Is plasma important? Influence molecule formation? Plasma Structure (space & time) Influence? Daan Schram Eindhoven University of Technology d.c.schram@tue.nl http://www.tue.nl/en/employee/ep/e/d/ep-uid/19780797/?no_cache=1&chash=e23e831cf0c6bebeac6023f04dd3c4b6
More informationExperiments and theory of an upstream ionization instability excited by an accelerated electron beam through a current-free double layer
PHYSICS OF PLASMAS 13, 122101 2006 Experiments and theory of an upstream ionization instability excited by an accelerated electron beam through a current-free double layer A. Aanesland, a M. A. Lieberman,
More informationPIC-MCC/Fluid Hybrid Model for Low Pressure Capacitively Coupled O 2 Plasma
PIC-MCC/Fluid Hybrid Model for Low Pressure Capacitively Coupled O 2 Plasma Kallol Bera a, Shahid Rauf a and Ken Collins a a Applied Materials, Inc. 974 E. Arques Ave., M/S 81517, Sunnyvale, CA 9485, USA
More informationHelicon Plasma Thruster Experiment Controlling Cross-Field Diffusion within a Magnetic Nozzle
Helicon Plasma Thruster Experiment Controlling Cross-Field Diffusion within a Magnetic Nozzle IEPC-2013-163 Presented at the 33rd International Electric Propulsion Conference, The George Washington University
More informationRadiation processes and mechanisms in astrophysics I. R Subrahmanyan Notes on ATA lectures at UWA, Perth 18 May 2009
Radiation processes and mechanisms in astrophysics I R Subrahmanyan Notes on ATA lectures at UWA, Perth 18 May 009 Light of the night sky We learn of the universe around us from EM radiation, neutrinos,
More informationThe Plasma Phase. Chapter 1. An experiment - measure and understand transport processes in a plasma. Chapter 2. An introduction to plasma physics
The Plasma Phase Chapter 1. An experiment - measure and understand transport processes in a plasma Three important vugraphs What we have just talked about The diagnostics Chapter 2. An introduction to
More informationPlasma ionization through wave-particle interaction in a capacitively coupled radiofrequency
Plasma ionization through wave-particle interaction in a capacitively coupled radiofrequency discharge D. O Connell, T. Gans, D. Vender, U. Czarnetzki, and R. Boswell Citation: Physics of Plasmas (1994-present)
More informationExperimental Studies of Helicon Double Layers for Future High Power Plasma Propulsion
AIAA 26-4844 Experimental Studies of Helicon Double Layers for Future High Power Plasma Propulsion Roger Walker * ESA-ESTEC, Keplerlaan 1, 221 AZ Noordwijk, The Netherlands Nicolas Plihon, Pascal Chabert,
More informationDesign of an Experiment to Optimize Plasma Energization by Beating Electrostatic Waves
45th AIAA/ASME/SAE/ASEE Joint Propulsion Conference & Exhibit 2-5 August 2009, Denver, Colorado AIAA 2009-5367 Design of an Experiment to Optimize Plasma Energization by Beating Electrostatic Waves B.
More informationESTIMATION OF ELECTRON TEMPERATURE IN ATMOSPHERIC PRESSURE DIELECTRIC BARRIER DISCHARGE USING LINE INTENSITY RATIO METHOD
KATHMANDU UNIVERSITY JOURNAL OF SCIENCE, ENGINEERING AND TECHNOLOGY ESTIMATION OF ELECTRON TEMPERATURE IN ATMOSPHERIC PRESSURE DIELECTRIC BARRIER DISCHARGE USING LINE INTENSITY RATIO METHOD 1, 2 R. Shrestha,
More informationIon-Acoustic-Wave Instability from Laser-Driven Return Currents
Ion-Acoustic-Wave Instability from Laser-Driven Return Currents 3.0 3~ beam 2.5 4~ TS beam 60 100 100-nm TS volume Thomsonscattered light 5 0 5 Wavelength shift (Å) 0.5 0.0 D. H. Froula University of Rochester
More informationEXPERIMENTAL RESEARCH PROGRESS TOWARD THE VASIMR ENGINE
EXPERIMENTAL RESEARCH PROGRESS TOWARD THE VASIMR ENGINE Jared P. Squire, Franklin R. Chang Díaz 2, Verlin T. Jacobson, Tim W. Glover 3 F. Wally Baity 4, Richard H. Goulding 4, Roger Bentson 5, Edgar A.
More informationThermal Equilibrium in Nebulae 1. For an ionized nebula under steady conditions, heating and cooling processes that in
Thermal Equilibrium in Nebulae 1 For an ionized nebula under steady conditions, heating and cooling processes that in isolation would change the thermal energy content of the gas are in balance, such that
More informationLecture 2. Introduction to plasma physics. Dr. Ashutosh Sharma
Preparation of the concerned sectors for educational and R&D activities related to the Hungarian ELI project Ion acceleration in plasmas Lecture 2. Introduction to plasma physics Dr. Ashutosh Sharma Zoltán
More informationCharacteristics and classification of plasmas
Characteristics and classification of plasmas PlasTEP trainings course and Summer school 2011 Warsaw/Szczecin Indrek Jõgi, University of Tartu Partfinanced by the European Union (European Regional Development
More informationSimple strategy for enhancing terahertz emission from coherent longitudinal optical phonons using undoped GaAs/n-type GaAs epitaxial layer structures
Presented at ISCS21 June 4, 21 Session # FrP3 Simple strategy for enhancing terahertz emission from coherent longitudinal optical phonons using undoped GaAs/n-type GaAs epitaxial layer structures Hideo
More informationPhysique des plasmas radiofréquence Pascal Chabert
Physique des plasmas radiofréquence Pascal Chabert LPP, Ecole Polytechnique pascal.chabert@lpp.polytechnique.fr Planning trois cours : Lundi 30 Janvier: Rappels de physique des plasmas froids Lundi 6 Février:
More informationBeta-dependent upper bound on ion temperature anisotropy in a laboratory plasma
PHYSICS OF PLASMAS VOLUME 7, NUMBER 3 MARCH 2000 LETTERS The purpose of this Letters section is to provide rapid dissemination of important new results in the fields regularly covered by Physics of Plasmas.
More informationTheory of optically thin emission line spectroscopy
Theory of optically thin emission line spectroscopy 1 Important definitions In general the spectrum of a source consists of a continuum and several line components. Processes which give raise to the continuous
More informationMAGNETIC NOZZLE PLASMA EXHAUST SIMULATION FOR THE VASIMR ADVANCED PROPULSION CONCEPT
MAGNETIC NOZZLE PLASMA EXHAUST SIMULATION FOR THE VASIMR ADVANCED PROPULSION CONCEPT ABSTRACT A. G. Tarditi and J. V. Shebalin Advanced Space Propulsion Laboratory NASA Johnson Space Center Houston, TX
More informationLaser matter interaction
Laser matter interaction PH413 Lasers & Photonics Lecture 26 Why study laser matter interaction? Fundamental physics Chemical analysis Material processing Biomedical applications Deposition of novel structures
More informationCollisional radiative model
Lenka Dosoudilová Lenka Dosoudilová 1 / 14 Motivation Equations Approximative models Emission coefficient Particles J ij = 1 4π n j A ij hν ij, atoms in ground state atoms in excited states resonance metastable
More informationPlan of the lectures
Plan of the lectures 1. Introductory remarks on metallic nanostructures Relevant quantities and typical physical parameters Applications. Linear electron response: Mie theory and generalizations 3. Nonlinear
More informationStimulated Emission. Electrons can absorb photons from medium. Accelerated electrons emit light to return their ground state
Lecture 15 Stimulated Emission Devices- Lasers Stimulated emission and light amplification Einstein coefficients Optical fiber amplifiers Gas laser and He-Ne Laser The output spectrum of a gas laser Laser
More informationQuantum Mechanica. Peter van der Straten Universiteit Utrecht. Peter van der Straten (Atom Optics) Quantum Mechanica January 15, / 22
Quantum Mechanica Peter van der Straten Universiteit Utrecht Peter van der Straten (Atom Optics) Quantum Mechanica January 15, 2013 1 / 22 Matrix methode Peter van der Straten (Atom Optics) Quantum Mechanica
More informationGeneration and Acceleration of High-Density Helicon Plasma Using Permanent Magnets for the Completely Electrodeless Propulsion System )
Generation and Acceleration of High-Density Helicon Plasma Using Permanent Magnets for the Completely Electrodeless Propulsion System ) Shuhei OTSUKA, Toshiki NAKAGAWA, Hiroki ISHII, Naoto TESHIGAHARA,
More informationLaser heating of noble gas droplet sprays: EUV source efficiency considerations
Laser heating of noble gas droplet sprays: EUV source efficiency considerations S.J. McNaught, J. Fan, E. Parra and H.M. Milchberg Institute for Physical Science and Technology University of Maryland College
More informationCharacterization of Ion Cyclotron Resonance Acceleration for Electric Propulsion with Interferometry
JOURNAL OF PROPULSION AND POWER Vol. 27, No. 2, March April 2011 Characterization of Ion Cyclotron Resonance Acceleration for Electric Propulsion with Interferometry Christopher Davis ElectroDynamic Applications,
More informationUnderstanding Plasmas through Ion Velocity Distribution Function measurements
Understanding Plasmas through Ion Velocity Distribution Function measurements Saikat Chakraborty Thakur Dissertation submitted to the College of Arts and Sciences at West Virginia University in partial
More informationSheaths: More complicated than you think a
PHYSICS OF PLASMAS 12, 055502 2005 Sheaths: More complicated than you think a Noah Hershkowitz b University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, Wisconsin 53706 Received 7 December 2004; accepted 7 February
More informationBenefits of cryogenic cooling on the operation of a pulsed CO 2 laser
PRAMANA c Indian Academy of Sciences Vol. 82, No. 1 journal of January 2014 physics pp. 147 152 Benefits of cryogenic cooling on the operation of a pulsed CO 2 laser UTPAL NUNDY BH-2-76, Kendriya Vihar,
More information1 EX/P7-35. Spectroscopic Studies on GLAST-III Varying the Inductance and Charging Voltage of Vertical Field Coils
1 EX/P7-35 Spectroscopic Studies on GLAST-III Varying the Inductance and Charging Voltage of Vertical Field Coils Farah Deeba, A.Qayyum, Zahoor Ahmad, S. Ahmad, R. Khan and S. Hussain National Tokamak
More informationMODELING AND SIMULATION OF LOW TEMPERATURE PLASMA DISCHARGES
MODELING AND SIMULATION OF LOW TEMPERATURE PLASMA DISCHARGES Michael A. Lieberman University of California, Berkeley lieber@eecs.berkeley.edu DOE Center on Annual Meeting May 2015 Download this talk: http://www.eecs.berkeley.edu/~lieber
More informationAnswers to questions on exam in laser-based combustion diagnostics on March 10, 2006
Answers to questions on exam in laser-based combustion diagnostics on March 10, 2006 1. Examples of advantages and disadvantages with laser-based combustion diagnostic techniques: + Nonintrusive + High
More information2D OOPIC Simulations of the Helicon Double Layer
2D OOPIC Simulations of the Helicon Double Layer IEPC-2007-146 Presented at the 30 th International Electric Propulsion Conference, Florence, Italy I. Musso * Center for Studies and Activities for Space,
More informationModelling of magnetic nozzle thrusters with application to ECR and Helicon thrusters
Modelling of magnetic nozzle thrusters with application to ECR and Helicon thrusters IEPC--994/ISTS--b-994 Presented at Joint Conference of 3th International Symposium on Space Technology and Science,
More informationPlasma heating in stellarators at the fundamental ion cyclotron frequency
PHYSICS OF PLASMAS VOLUME 7, NUMBER FEBRUARY 000 Plasma heating in stellarators at the fundamental ion cyclotron frequency V. A. Svidzinski and D. G. Swanson Department of Physics, Auburn University, Auburn,
More informationEarly time dynamics of strongly coupled ultracold neutral Ca + and Ca 2+ plasmas
Early time dynamics of strongly coupled ultracold neutral Ca + and Ca 2+ plasmas M. Lyon and S. D. Bergeson Department of Physics and Astronomy, Brigham Young University, Provo, UT 84602, USA For interacting
More informationLaser Physics OXFORD UNIVERSITY PRESS SIMON HOOKER COLIN WEBB. and. Department of Physics, University of Oxford
Laser Physics SIMON HOOKER and COLIN WEBB Department of Physics, University of Oxford OXFORD UNIVERSITY PRESS Contents 1 Introduction 1.1 The laser 1.2 Electromagnetic radiation in a closed cavity 1.2.1
More informationRGA modelling and simulation to include pressure dependence in the ion source
RGA modelling and simulation to include pressure dependence in the ion source Jeyan Sreekumar, Boris Brkic, Tom Hogan and Steve Taylor Mass Spectrometry Group Department of Electrical Engineering and Electronics
More informationCavity decay rate in presence of a Slow-Light medium
Cavity decay rate in presence of a Slow-Light medium Laboratoire Aimé Cotton, Orsay, France Thomas Lauprêtre Fabienne Goldfarb Fabien Bretenaker School of Physical Sciences, Jawaharlal Nehru University,
More informationLaser MEOP of 3 He: Basic Concepts, Current Achievements, and Challenging Prospects
Polarization in Noble Gases, October 8-13, 2017 Laser MEOP of 3 He: Basic Concepts, Current Achievements, and Challenging Prospects Pierre-Jean Nacher Geneviève Tastevin Laboratoire Kastler-Brossel ENS
More informationModeling and Simulation of Plasma Based Applications in the Microwave and RF Frequency Range
Modeling and Simulation of Plasma Based Applications in the Microwave and RF Frequency Range Dr.-Ing. Frank H. Scharf CST of America What is a plasma? What is a plasma? Often referred to as The fourth
More information