NUMERICAL SIMULATION OF A THERMAL PLASMA FLOW CONFINED BY MAGNETIC MIRROR IN A CYLINDRICAL REACTOR

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1 Universidad Simón olívar Departamento de Ciencias de lo Materiales Departamento de Física Centro de Ingeniería de Superficies NUMERICAL SIMULATION OF A THERMAL PLASMA FLOW CONFINED Y MAGNETIC MIRROR IN A CYLINDRICAL REACTOR Autors: Gabriel Torrente Julio Puerta Norberto Labrador

2 ANTECEDENTS: First Plasma reactor designed and constructed wit a grant by FONACIT project of AlN syntesis in a termal plasma reactor Termal Plasma Reactor wit Expansion Camber

3 RESULTS OF ANTECEDENTS: 8.a 8.b Problem: Few Termal Carbonitridation level of Al O 3

4 Solution for te enancement of nitridation:. Increasing te power of te termal plasma.. Increasing te resident time of te powders in te ig termal zones of reactor. 3. Decreasing te termal energy loss of reactor. te energy cost of te process increase te energy cost of te process does not Increase Ten, it is convenient to:.design te termal plasma reactor in fluidized bed for increase te resident time.. Confine te termal plasma flow by magnetic mirror for decrease te energy loss.

5 New design Wall Reactor Refractory Tube Grapite tube Magnetic Coils Plasma Torc

6 First step NUMERICAL SIMULATION OF A THERMAL PLASMA FLOW CONFINED Y MAGNETIC MIRROR IN A CYLINDRICAL REACTOR Te numerical simulation of tis termal axisymmetry plasma jet in magnetic mirror is carried out using two-temperature model to study ow canges te electron density and te plasma flux wit te temperature, pressure and wit te applied magnetic fields. Control Volume

7 Governing Equation Initial Conditions u g r r A = um ra r T = T T T v g = ω = ( ) e r T Ant ( * ) g E g m m g Ant T g = E Were te cross section impact and average initial temperatura are: E * = Qp e 8me mc & e m ( ) g p T g m TA = VefIef g

8 oundary conditions In te Central Axel u = v = ω r = = r= r r= T r e T r = = r= r= In te reactor wall u = v = ω = r= R r= R r= R ( ) w A g Tw = T r= R T T Res T e = r= R T w

9 State Equation P ρrt = Continuity Equation ( rρν ) ( ρu) = r r z Momentum Conservation Equations (Navier-Stoke Equations) ( ρu ) ( rρν u ) p u ν u u ( rν) = η rη η Jrθ Jθr gρ z r r z z z r r z r 3 z r r r ( ρν u ) ( rρν ) P u u ( rν ) ν ν ν ω = η rη η η ρ Jθ z Jz z r r r z z r r r r 3 r z r r r r ( ρuω) ( rρνω) ω ω νω ω ( rη) = η rη ρ J J z r r z z r r r r r r z r r z θ

10 Energy Conservation Equations T T P P u v ( ρgcpgugt ) ( ρgcpgrvgt ) = K Kr ug vg η η Ee Ep z r r z z r r r z r r z 5 5 Te Te Pe Pe knut e g e knrvt e g e= Ke Kr e ug vg Ee z r r z z r r r z r Were Energy transport from te electron to plasma gas m e 3 E = n k T T m ( ν ) ( ) e e e e Collision frequency r ( V ) ei g ei ν V = V 3 4 * e 4π ne e lnλ 3 3 g me Vg

11 Saa Ionization Equation 3 g T e g e e m T n e n n κ π κ = Om Generalized Law r r z r z z z E E E J = σ σ σ σ θ z r z r r z r J E E E θ σ σ σ σ = r z z r E E E J = σ σ σ θ θ

12 Maxwell Equations E = v ω Z θ Er = ωz u θ E θ = u r v z r iot-savart Law µ NI µ NI µ NI l z cos ( ) z = Nv d Nv sen sen Nv l θ θ = θ θ = l l z R Hypotesis and Data. Pressure, Heat Capacity Gas (Cp g ), Viscosity Gas (η) and Termal Conductivity Gas (K) are constants. 3. Te dissociation energy is neglected. 4. Axial Symmetry 5. Only magnetic field in axial direction 6. Power Plasma Torc =,5 KW; mass flow= 3, lpm of Nitrogen, z max =,3 T, Ionization Energy = 5,4 ev

13 Pressure = atmospere (35 Pa) Results Axial velocity Profile Pressure = Torr (33 Pa) U para z= U para z= 8 U para z= 36 U para z= 54 U para z= 7 U para z= 9 U para z= 8 U para z= 6 U para z= 44 8 Velocity, atm Velocity (mm/s) Axial Lengt (mm) Velocity (mm) 4 3 Velocity, torr 9 8 U para z= U para z= 5 U para z= 3 U para z= 45 U para z= 6 U para z= 75 U para z= 9 U para z= 5 U para z= U para z= 35 U para z= Axial Lengt (mm)

14 9 7 5 Plasma Temperature Profile T para z= T para z= 5 T para z= 3 T para z= 45 T para z= 6 T para z= 75 T para z= 9 T para z= 5 T para z= T para z= 35 T para z= Temperature (K) 3 Plasma Temperature, atm Axial Lengt (mm) T para z= T para z= 5 T para z= 3 T para z= 45 T para z= 6 T para z= 75 T para z= 9 T para z= 5 T para z= T para z= 35 T para z= 5 Pressure = atmospere (35 Pa) Temperature (K) Plasma Temperature, torr Pressure = Torr (33 Pa) Axial Lengt (mm)

15 Electronic Temperature Profile 8 9 Te para z= Te para z= 5 Te para z= 3 Te para z= 45 Te para z= 6 Te para z= 75 Te para z= 9 Te para z= 5 Te para z= Te para z= 35 Te para z= Electronic Temperature (K) 3 Electronic Temperatue, atm Axial Lengt (mm) Electronic Temperature (K) 3 3 Te para z= Te para z= 5 Te para z= 3 Te para z= 45 Te para z= 6 Te para z= 75 Te para z= 9 Te para z= 5 Te para z= Te para z= 35 Te para z= 5 Pressure = atmospere (35 Pa) Pressure = Torr (33 Pa) Electronic Temperature, torr Axial Lengt (mm)

16 Density Plasma Profile 3 Dg para z= 5 Dg para z= 35 Dg para z= Dg para z= 5 Dg para z= 9 Dg para z= 75 Dg para z= 6 Dg para z= 45 Dg para z= 3 Dg para z= 5 Dg para z=,4e-,e-,e- Gas Density (g/mm3) 8,E- 6,E- 4,E-,E- Plasma Density, atm,e--,4e-,e--,e- 8,E--,E- 6,E--8,E- 4,E--6,E-,E--4,E-,E-,E-,E Axial Lengt (mm),6e-3,4e-3,e-3 Density gas (g/mm3),e-3 8,E-4 6,E-4 4,E-4,E-4 3 Dg para z= 44 Dg para z= 3 Dg para z= Dg para z= 8 Dg para z= 96 Dg para z= 84 Dg para z= 7 Dg para z= 6 Dg para z= 48 Dg para z= 36 Dg para z= 4 Dg para z= Dg para z= Pressure = atmospere (35 Pa) Pressure = Torr (33 Pa) Density Gas, torr,e,4e-3-,6e-3,e-3-,4e-3,e-3-,e-3 8,E-4-,E-3 6,E-4-8,E-4 4,E-4-6,E-4 Axial Lengt (mm),e-4-4,e-4,e-,e-4

17 9,E8 8,E8 Electronic Density Profile 7,E8 6,E8 Electronic Density (#e/mm3) 5,E8 4,E8 3,E8 Electronic Density, atm,e8,e8,e De para z= 3 De para z= 8 De para z= 33 Axial Lengt (mm) De para z= 48 De para z= 63 De para z= 78 De para z= 93 De para z= 8 De para z= 3 De para z= ,5E7 3,E7 Pressure = Torr (33 Pa) Pressure = atmospere (35 Pa) Electronic Density (#e/mm3),5e7,e7,5e7,e7 5,E6 Electronic Density, torr ,E De para z= 3 De para z= 8 De para z= 33 Axial Lengt (mm) De para z= 48 De para z= 63 De para z= 78 De para z= 93 De para z= 8 De para z= 3 De para z= 38 3

18 3 Z ionization Profile Zion para z= 3 Zion para z= 8 Zion para z= 33 Zion para z= 48 Zion para z= 63 Zion para z= 78 Zion para z= 93 Zion para z= 8 Zion para z= 3 Zion para z= 38 4,E-6 3,5E-6 3,E-6,5E-6 Ionization,E-6,5E-6,E-6 5,E-7 Ionization, atm 3,5E-6-4,E-6 3,E-6-3,5E-6,5E-6-3,E-6,E-6-,5E-6,5E-6-,E-6,E-6-,5E-6 5,E-7-,E-6,E-5,E-7,E Axial Lengt (mm) 3 Zion para z= 3 Zion para z= 8 Zion para z= 33 Zion para z= 48 Zion para z= 63 Zion para z= 78 Zion para z= 93 Zion para z= 8 Zion para z= 3 Zion para z= 38 Pressure = atmospere (35 Pa),E-4,E-4 8,E-5 Ionization 6,E-5 4,E-5,E-5,E Ionization, torr,e-4-,e-4 8,E-5-,E-4 6,E-5-8,E-5 4,E-5-6,E-5,E-5-4,E-5 Axial Lengt (mm),e-,e-5 Pressure = Torr (33 Pa)

19 ,5E-5,E-5 Ionization,5E-5,E-5 5,E-6 Plasma Torc 5 mm,e Axial Lengt (mm) Average Z ionization Average Z (atm) Average Z ( torr)

20 Conclusions Te axial velocity as few canged wit te pressure. Te Plasma Temperature as few canged wit te pressure. Te electronic temperature as few increasing wit te vacuum Te Plasma and Electronic densities decreases wit te vacuum. Z ionization increases wit te vacuum.

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