Final Exam Concept Map
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- Lorraine Suzan Mathews
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1 Final Exam Concept Map Rule of thumb to study for any comprehensive final exam - start with what you know - look at the quiz problems. If you did not do well on the quizzes, you should certainly learn how to do these problems. Make sure you can solve the homework problems. Once you have looked at these problems, you can turn your attention to the topics you are unsure about - do the sample problems listed below. The solutions to these problems will be posted in a separate file. Make sure you look at the formula sheet before the exam and identify where you would use these formulae. The list below is a work in progress - stay tuned! Chapter 28 - Capacitors - all sections except section 8 Know general structure and function of a capacitor. What are the units to measure capacitance? What are the typical values of the capacitances that you used in class? When you hook up a capacitor to a battery, what determines how much charge it accumulates? What determines when it stops charging? What factors affect the charge storing ability of a capacitor? Know how to recognize and use the formulae for the capacitance of capacitors of different shapes. What is the equivalent capacitance of capacitors in series and parallel? If you have a circuit with combinations of capacitors in series and parallel, find the equivalent capacitance. How would you find the charge on each capacitor in the above circuit? What is the energy stored in the electric field between the plates of a capacitor? How is the capacitance (and therefore the stored energy) dependent on the dielectric constant κ of the insulator between the plates of the capacitor? RC circuits - charging and discharging a capacitor. What is the time constant of an RC circuit? What happens when you double the time constant? When you reduce it to half its original value? Page Problems 6, 8, 12, 16, 20, 46, 48, 50, 57 Chapter 29 - Magnetic Fields - All Sections Similarities and differences between electrostatics and magnetic forces. Force by an external field on a moving charge, defining 1 Tesla (know the Right Hand Rule!)
2 Magnetic field lines due to a bar magnet Behavior of a charged particle in a magnetic field - what determines the radius and frequency of the orbit. Applications like the cathode ray tube, the velocity selector, the mass spectrometer. Magnetic force (magnitude and direction) of a current carrying wire in an external field. Torque on a current carrying loop - working of a simple motor. The magnetic moment of a current-carrying coil General knowledge about how a cyclotron works Problems 3, 6, 8, 10, 18, 22, 36, 46, 49 Chapter 30 - Magnetic Fields due to Currents - All Sections Know how to apply the Right hand rule to find the direction of the field created by a current carrying long wire and other geometries mentioned below. Know how to determine the magnitude and direction of the magnetic fields of a very long straight wire (usually referred to as "infinitely long"), circular arc, circular coil, a solenoid (inside and outside) and toroids. Know how to apply Ampere's Law to the above simple geometries particularly the straight wire, the solenoid and the toroid. Know how to solve problems where you need to determine the field due to one or more of the above geometries. Given two or three straight current carrying wires, find the point where the magnetic field is zero. Find the force on one straight current carrying wire due to another current carrying wire. 4, 10, 12, 20, 24, 28, 32, 44 Chapter 31 - Induction and Maxwell's Equations - Sections 1 through 6 Understand how flux is defined. When is the magnetic flux through a coil a maximum? And when is it zero? Emf induced in a conductor moving through a magnetic field. Know how to calculate the induced emf (magnitude and direction) in different situations. Eddy currents. : 4, 6, 7, 14, 26, 33, 69, 70, 76
3 Chapter 16 - Oscillations - All sections Definition of Simple Harmonic Motion - what condition must be satisfied for a periodic motion to be simple harmonic? What is the differential equation describing simple harmonic motion? What is solution? What does the period of a mass-spring oscillator depend on? How is the angular frequency related to the period? What about rotational oscillations? What changes? Given the position function of a mass on a spring, how would you find the velocity and the acceleration functions? If you are given one of the graphs (either position or velocity or acceleration vs. time, can you draw the other two graphs? What determines the initial phase φ 0? Given a graph of position or velocity vs. time, can you determine φ 0? Given φ 0, the amplitude and period can you draw graphs of position, velocity and acceleration vs. time. Given the boundary conditions of the motion i.e. the position and velocity at t = 0 or some other time, can you determine the initial phase? What factors determine the period of a simple pendulum? Draw the free body diagram for the simple pendulum and determine the magnitude of the restoring force? Does the simple pendulum satisfy the criterion for simple harmonic motion? If so, are there any limitations or assumptions? What is a physical pendulum? What factors influence the period of a physical pendulum? How does the potential energy and the kinetic energy of an oscillator (something that executes simple harmonic motion) vary with position? What does the total energy of the oscillator depend on? When is it a constant? How can you represent the motion of a simple harmonic oscillator when it loses energy i.e. it is being damped? What does the constant b/2m represent? What are its units? How does the value of this constant influence the damping? What implications does damping have on the design of automobile shock absorbers? What if you drive an oscillator with a periodic force? How does the amplitude change with frequency? When will the amplitude be a maximum? What examples of resonance have we encountered in this course? Problems: 10, 20, 22, 23, 28, 38, 48, 50, 56, 58
4 Chapter 17 - All sections except Know the difference between transverse and longitudinal waves. What does the function y(x, t) represent? What does a y vs. x graph represent? What does a y vs. t graph represent? What is the mathematical expression for y(x, t) for a sinusoidal wave? What is the ' physical meaning of k, ω and Y? How is the wavenumber 'k' related to the wavelength? How is the angular frequency ω related to 'f'? How do you determine the initial phase constant φ 0? What is the difference between wave velocity and the particle velocity? How would you determine the wave velocity from the position function? How would you determine the particle velocity? What does the speed of a wave on a stretched string depend on? At what rate does energy travel in a stretched string? What is the Superposition position of waves? What happens when two waves of the same wavelength and the same amplitude and traveling in the same direction, interfere with each other? What happens to the amplitude of the wave at different points on the wave? What kind of phase shift does a wave require when being reflected from a rigid boundary? A non-rigid boundary? When are standing waves set up on a string? Why are they called standing waves? Can you apply the boundary conditions and figure out the resonance frequencies of the stretched string? Problems: 4, 8, 9, 18, 24, 26, 28, 34, 38, 44 Chapter 18 - Sound Waves - Sections 1 through 5 Familiarity with longitudinal waves using a "slinky wave" model. Understanding sound waves as alternate compressions and rarefactions. Representing a sound wave in terms of a Pressure function. Interference of sound waves - finding maxima and minima at points in front of a speaker. Speed of sound in solids and fluids. What do you understand by the intensity of a sound wave? How does it vary with distance? How is Intensity related to the decibel scale? What kinds of standing waves are set up in open pipes and pipes with one end closed?
5 What kind of information does a fast fourier transform give? Problems: 10, 14, 18, 23, 28, 34, 36 Interference of Light Chapter 36, Section 4 Understand how to calculate the path difference from two light sources to a point. Understand how to calculate the distance between two adjacent maxima (also known as fringe width). Look at Touchstone example For a description of electromagnetic waves, look at sections 34-4 and 34-8 (you will not be tested on this). Problems: 11, 13, 14, 20
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