Chapter 3 Linear Motion
|
|
- Michael Lane
- 6 years ago
- Views:
Transcription
1 Lecture 3 Chapter 3 Linear Motion (Motion in a straight line, such as falling straight downward) Some material courtesy Prof. A. Garcia, SJSU Help sessions Announcements M in TH116 (A. Kelly) M in TH116 (D. Lim) T in TH118 (Z. Hadley) W in TH230 (J.M. Lockhart) Course web page 1
2 Concepts you ll learn today Speed and Velocity Acceleration Relationships among distance, velocity, and acceleration. Falling motion. Reference Frames Every measurement must be made with respect to a reference frame. Usually, speed is relative to the Earth. 2
3 Average Speed The average speed (SI unit: m/s) is defined as the distance traveled divided by the time the trip took: Average speed = distance / elapsed time Is the average speed of the red car 40.0 mi/h, more than 40.0 mi/h, or less than 40.0 mi/h? Could average speed ever be negative? Average Speed Other common speed units: miles/h; km/h For example, 30 miles per hour means object travels distance of 30 miles in an elapsed time of one hour. Write as, 30 miles per hour = 30 miles hour 3
4 Speed and Distance From definition of speed, (Distance traveled) = (Avg. Speed) (Time elapsed) Example: If average speed is 30 mi/h and time elapsed is 2 hours then distance traveled is (30 mi/h) (2h) = 60 miles. Match units: This time elapsed is also 120 minutes but it s not correct to compute distance traveled as (30mi/h) (120min) = 3600 miles {WRONG}. Check Yourself What is the average speed of a cheetah that sprints 100 meters in 4 seconds? How about if it sprints 50 meters in 2 seconds? A car has an average speed of 100 kilometers per hour. How far does it travel in 60 minutes? 4
5 Average versus Instantaneous Sometimes consider average speed, other times we speak of instantaneous speed. For example, say it takes you one hour to drive the 30 miles from home to campus. Average speed is 30 miles per hour. Instantaneous speed (given by your speedometer) varies due to traffic, stop lights, morons driving in front of you, etc. Check Yourself A car has an average speed of 60 miles per hour. Is it possible for the instantaneous speed to always be less than 60 miles per hour? 5
6 Velocity (v) Velocity v is speed and direction of object s motion. Examples: 30 miles per hour, Northward 25 meters per second, Downward 300 miles per hour, Coming towards you - 30 m/s 25 m/s, upward 25 m/s, downward Same speeds Different velocities Check Yourself The speedometer of a car moving east reads 100 km/h. It passes another car moving west at 100 km/h. Do they have same speed? Velocity? During a certain period of time, the speedometer of a car reads a constant 60 km/h. Does this indicate a constant speed? Constant velocity? 6
7 Discussion Questions 1. A yellow car is heading East at 100 km/h and a red car is going North at 100 km/h. Do they have the same speed? Do they have the same velocity? 2. A 16-lb bowling ball in a bowling alley in Del Mar heads due north at 10 m/s. At the same time, a purple 8-lb ball heads due north at 10 m/s in an alley in La Jolla. Do they have the same velocity? Changes in Velocity Velocity changes if speed or direction of motion change. Velocity changes in both these cases. 10 m/s, downward 25 meters per second, 45 degrees upward 25 m/s, downward 25 meters per second, 45 degrees downward 7
8 (Average) Acceleration (a) Changing velocity means an acceleration a is present. There is acceleration if either the magnitude or the direction of the velocity changes. Average acceleration is the rate of change of the velocity r r r r v v f v i a average = = t t SI acceleration units: (m/s)/s = m/s 2 Average acceleration is a vector quantity (i.e. described by both magnitude and direction). In 1-Dim., can use + or - to indicate direction. Acceleration in 1-Dim Average acceleration (+ and - for direction): 8
9 Average & Instantaneous Acceleration Define average acceleration as, AVG. ACCELERATION = (Change in Velocity) (Time interval) Instantaneous acceleration is how fast velocity is changing at an instant in time Note: An object accelerates anytime its velocity changes. Examples include: Object speeds up. Object slows down (speed decreases). Object speed constant but direction changes (curved path) Conceptual Question 1. Velocity & acceleration are both vectors. Are the velocity and the acceleration always in the same direction? If the object is slowing down, the acceleration vector is in the opposite direction of the velocity vector! 9
10 Example Deceleration Deceleration : A word meaning slowing down. We try to avoid using it in physics. Instead (in one dimen.) talk about positive & negative acceleration. This is because (for one dimen. motion) deceleration does not necessarily mean the acceleration is negative! a 10
11 Conceptual Question 2. Velocity & acceleration are vectors. Is it possible for an object to have a zero acceleration and a non-zero velocity? If the object is moving at a constant velocity, the acceleration vector is zero! Conceptual Question 3. Velocity & acceleration are vectors. Is it possible for an object to have a zero velocity and a non-zero acceleration? If the object is instantaneously at rest (v = 0) but is either on the verge of starting to move or is turning around & changing direction, the velocity is zero, but the acceleration is not! 11
12 Acceleration is a Vector Direction of acceleration = direction in which velocity changes Accel. in same direction as velocity speed increases Accel. in direction opposite to velocity speed decreases Accel. at right angles to velocity direction changes Example: An unexpected shove from the side as you run straight down a hallway might send you careening into the wall. Can you feel if you re moving with a constant velocity? Can you feel being accelerated? Why? Free Fall Objects moving under the influence of only the force of Earth gravity are said to be in free fall For free fall, air resistance (air drag) must be small enough to be ignored -- gravity must be the only force acting on the object Objects with more mass have greater weight, but also greater inertia. These two effects cancel out, so all objects in free fall have the same constant acceleration. 12
13 Acceleration Due to Gravity All objects in free fall near the earth s surface fall downward with a constant acceleration of size g = 9.80 m/s 2 10 m/s 2 (called the acceleration due to gravity) g is always directed downward toward the center of the earth At San Francisco g = 9.80 m/s 2. If upward is designated as the positive direction, then a = -g. (Note that g is always a positive number, but a may have either sign.) Falling Objects in Air Falling Objects in Air An object falling in air is subject to air resistance (and thus is not freely falling). Amount of air resistance depends on shape & size. 13
14 Velocity in Free Fall (Down) How fast do objects go when they fall? Acceleration due to gravity is meters per second per second. With each second of fall, speed increases by 10 meters/second Release 1 second 2 s 3 s 4 s Zero m/s. 10 m/s 20 m/s 30 m/s. 40 m/s Velocity in Free Fall (Up & Down) Moving upward, with each second the speed decreases by 10 meters/second. Going back down the motion exactly reverses itself. See Fig. 3.8 (pg. 43) Zero m/s 10 m/s 20 m/s 30 m/s 40 m/s 14
15 Position in Free Fall How far do objects go when they fall? More complicated because speed is increasing. There s a pattern & Galileo figured it out. But it wasn t easy. Release 1 s 2 s 3 s 5 m 20 m 45 m 4 s 80 m Position in Free Fall (cont.) Galileo realized that: Distance Fallen = [½ (Acceleration)(Time)](Time) Gravity acceleration is 10 meters per second per second, so at a time of 3 seconds, Distance Fallen = ½ (10m/s 2 )(3s)(3s) = 45 m Release 1 second 2 seconds 3 s 5 meters 20 meters 45 m 4 seconds 80 meters 15
16 Demo: Dropping the Ball How long does it take a ball to fall 3 meters? Using the formula, Distance Fallen = d = ½ at 2 t 2 = 2d/a = 2(3m)/(10 m/s 2 ) = 0.6s 2 t = 0.6s 2 = 0.77 s Beauty of science: Predict, then verify by dropping balls! Demo: Catch a Buck Put thumb and index fingers near Washington s head. Can you react fast enough to catch the money? 16
17 Demo: Reaction Time Distance (inch) Time (s) Catch Release Key Points of Lecture 3 v r avg Average Speed ( v avg ) & Velocity ( ) Instantaneous Speed ( v ) and Velocity ( v r ) Changes in velocity Definition of Acceleration ( a ) Average and Instantaneous Acceleration Free Fall acceleration (g) Velocity changes in free fall Before the next lecture, read Hewitt through first half of Chap. 4 Homework Assignment #1 (first graded assignment) is due before 11:00 PM on Thursday, Sept
Chapter 4 Linear Motion
Chapter 4 Linear Motion You can describe the motion of an object by its position, speed, direction, and acceleration. I. Motion Is Relative A. Everything moves. Even things that appear to be at rest move.
More informationPart I: Mechanics. Chapter 2 Inertia & Newton s First Law of Motion. Aristotle & Galileo. Lecture 2
Lecture 2 Part I: Mechanics Chapter 2 Inertia & Newton s First Law of Motion Some material courtesy Prof. A. Garcia, SJSU Aristotle & Galileo Aristotle was great philosopher but not such a good scientist.
More informationPhysics 10. Lecture 3A
Physics 10 Lecture 3A "Your education is ultimately the flavor left over after the facts, formulas, and diagrams have been forgotten." --Paul G. Hewitt Support Forces If the Earth is pulling down on a
More information4.1 Motion Is Relative. An object is moving if its position relative to a fixed point is changing. You can describe the motion of an object by its
4.1 Motion Is Relative You can describe the motion of an object by its position, speed, direction, and acceleration. An object is moving if its position relative to a fixed point is changing. 4.1 Motion
More informationConceptual Physics 11 th Edition
Conceptual Physics 11 th Edition Chapter 3: LINEAR MOTION This lecture will help you understand: Motion Is Relative Speed : Average and Instantaneous Velocity Acceleration Free Fall Motion Is Relative
More informationUsing Units in Science
Using Units in Science 5 cm x 2 cm=?10 cm 2 2 cm 2 1 How much is 150 miles divided by 3 hours? 150 miles/hr 50 miles 50 hrs 50 hrs/mile E 50 miles/hr 3 pears per orange 2 You buy 10 gallons of gas and
More informationSome Motion Terms. Distance & Displacement Velocity & Speed Acceleration Uniform motion Scalar.vs. vector
Motion Some Motion Terms Distance & Displacement Velocity & Speed Acceleration Uniform motion Scalar.vs. vector Scalar versus Vector Scalar - magnitude only (e.g. volume, mass, time) Vector - magnitude
More informationKinematics in One Dimension
Honors Physics Kinematics in One Dimension Life is in infinite motion; at the same time it is motionless. Debasish Mridha Mechanics The study of motion Kinematics Description of how things move Dynamics
More informationONE-DIMENSIONAL KINEMATICS
ONE-DIMENSIONAL KINEMATICS Chapter 2 Units of Chapter 2 Position, Distance, and Displacement Average Speed and Velocity Instantaneous Velocity Acceleration Motion with Constant Acceleration Applications
More informationChapter 2: Motion a Straight Line
Formula Memorization: Displacement What is a vector? Average Velocity Average Speed Instanteous Velocity Average Acceleration Instantaneous Acceleration Constant Acceleration Equation (List all five of
More informationGeneral Physics. Linear Motion. Life is in infinite motion; at the same time it is motionless. Debasish Mridha
General Physics Linear Motion Life is in infinite motion; at the same time it is motionless. Debasish Mridha High Throw How high can a human throw something? Mechanics The study of motion Kinematics Description
More informationChapter 2 One-Dimensional Kinematics. Copyright 2010 Pearson Education, Inc.
Chapter 2 One-Dimensional Kinematics Units of Chapter 2 Position, Distance, and Displacement Average Speed and Velocity Instantaneous Velocity Acceleration Motion with Constant Acceleration Applications
More informationChapter 2. Motion along a straight line
Chapter 2 Motion along a straight line Motion We find moving objects all around us. The study of motion is called kinematics. Examples: The Earth orbits around the Sun A roadway moves with Earth s rotation
More informationMotion and Forces study Guide
Motion and Forces study Guide Completion Complete each statement. 1. The motion of an object looks different to observers in different. 2. The SI unit for measuring is the meter. 3. The direction and length
More informationIntroduction to Kinematics. Motion, Forces and Energy
Introduction to Kinematics Motion, Forces and Energy Mechanics: The study of motion Kinematics The description of how things move 1-D and 2-D motion Dynamics The study of the forces that cause motion Newton
More informationSection 2-2: Constant velocity means moving at a steady speed in the same direction
Section 2-2: Constant velocity means moving at a steady speed in the same direction 1. A particle moves from x 1 = 30 cm to x 2 = 40 cm. The displacement of this particle is A. 30 cm B. 40 cm C. 70 cm
More informationCHAPTER 2: Describing Motion: Kinematics in One Dimension
CHAPTER : Describing Motion: Kinematics in One Dimension Answers to Questions 1. A car speedometer measures only speed. It does not give any information about the direction, and so does not measure velocity..
More informationMotion Along a Straight Line
PHYS 101 Previous Exam Problems CHAPTER Motion Along a Straight Line Position & displacement Average & instantaneous velocity Average & instantaneous acceleration Constant acceleration Free fall Graphical
More informationChapter 2. Motion along a straight line
Chapter 2 Motion along a straight line Introduction: Study of the motion of objects Physics studies: Properties of matter and energy: solid state physics, thermal physics/ thermodynamics, atomic physics,
More informationSECTION 2 - VELOCITY
MOTION SECTION 2 - VELOCITY How fast do you think we are traveling (orbiting) around the sun? 67,0672 mph How fast do you think we are spinning around our axis as we move around the sun? 1,041.67 mph Why
More informationLecture PowerPoints. Chapter 2 Physics for Scientists and Engineers, with Modern Physics, 4 th Edition Giancoli
Lecture PowerPoints Chapter 2 Physics for Scientists and Engineers, with Modern Physics, 4 th Edition Giancoli 2009 Pearson Education, Inc. This work is protected by United States copyright laws and is
More informationChapter 2 One-Dimensional Kinematics. Copyright 2010 Pearson Education, Inc.
Chapter One-Dimensional Kinematics Units of Chapter Position, Distance, and Displacement Average Speed and Velocity Instantaneous Velocity Acceleration Motion with Constant Acceleration Applications of
More information12/06/2010. Chapter 2 Describing Motion: Kinematics in One Dimension. 2-1 Reference Frames and Displacement. 2-1 Reference Frames and Displacement
Chapter 2 Describing Motion: Kinematics in One Dimension 2-1 Reference Frames and Displacement Any measurement of position, distance, or speed must be made with respect to a reference frame. For example,
More informationKinematics 2. What equation relates the known quantities to what is being asked?
Physics R Date: 1. A cheetah goes from rest to 60 miles per hour (26.8 m/s) in 3 seconds. Calculate the acceleration of the cheetah. Kinematics Equations Kinematics 2 How to solve a Physics problem: List
More informationSECTION 3 - VELOCITY
UNIT 2 MOTION SECTION 3 - VELOCITY How fast do you think we are traveling (orbiting) around the sun? 67,0672 mph How fast do you think we are spinning around our axis as we move around the sun? 1,041.67
More informationDefinitions. Mechanics: The study of motion. Kinematics: The mathematical description of motion in 1-D and 2-D motion.
Lecture 2 Definitions Mechanics: The study of motion. Kinematics: The mathematical description of motion in 1-D and 2-D motion. Dynamics: The study of the forces that cause motion. Chapter Outline Consider
More informationSection 11.1 Distance and Displacement (pages )
Name Class Date Section 11.1 Distance and Displacement (pages 328 331) This section defines distance and displacement. Methods of describing motion are presented. Vector addition and subtraction are introduced.
More informationacceleration versus time. LO Determine a particle s change in position by graphical integration on a graph of velocity versus time.
Chapter: Chapter 2 Learning Objectives LO 2.1.0 Solve problems related to position, displacement, and average velocity to solve problems. LO 2.1.1 Identify that if all parts of an object move in the same
More informationUnit 1 Parent Guide: Kinematics
Unit 1 Parent Guide: Kinematics Kinematics is the study of the motion of objects. Scientists can represent this information in the following ways: written and verbal descriptions, mathematically (with
More informationChapter: Basic Physics-Motion
Chapter: Basic Physics-Motion The Big Idea Speed represents how quickly an object is moving through space. Velocity is speed with a direction, making it a vector quantity. If an object s velocity changes
More informationPS113 Chapter 2. Kinematics in one dimension
PS113 Chapter 2 Kinematics in one dimension 1 Displacement Displacement is defined as the vector drawn from an object s initial position toward its final position and has a magnitude that equals the shortest
More informationKINETICS: MOTION ON A STRAIGHT LINE. VELOCITY, ACCELERATION. FREELY FALLING BODIES
014.08.06. KINETICS: MOTION ON A STRAIGHT LINE. VELOCITY, ACCELERATION. FREELY FALLING BODIES www.biofizika.aok.pte.hu Premedical course 04.08.014. Fluids Kinematics Dynamics MECHANICS Velocity and acceleration
More informationMotion Graphs Practice
Name Motion Graphs Practice d vs. t Graphs d vs. t Graphs d vs. t Graphs 1. The graph below represents the relationship between velocity and time of travel for a toy car moving in a straight line. 3. The
More informationFour Types of Motion We ll Study
Four Types of Motion We ll Study The branch of mechanics that studies the motion of a body without caring about what caused the motion. Kinematics definitions Kinematics branch of physics; study of motion
More informationChapters 5 & 6 More Third Law Vectors at Angles Momentum Conservation of Momentum
Lecture 6 Chapters 5 & 6 More Third Law Vectors at Angles Momentum Conservation of Momentum Help sessions Announcements M 1600-1700 in TH116 (A. Kelly) M 1700-1900 in TH116 (D. Lim) T 1600-1700 in TH118
More informationChapter 2: Kinematics
Section 1 Chapter 2: Kinematics To simplify the concept of motion, we will first consider motion that takes place in one direction. To measure motion, you must choose a frame of reference. Frame of reference
More informationWelcome Back to Physics 211!
Welcome Back to Physics 211! (General Physics I) Thurs. Aug 30 th, 2012 Physics 211 -Fall 2014 Lecture01-2 1 Last time: Syllabus, mechanics survey Unit conversions Today: Using your clicker 1D displacement,
More informationChapter 3. Motion in One Dimension
Chapter 3 Motion in One Dimension Outline 3.1 Position, Velocity and Speed 3.2 Instantaneous Velocity and Speed 3.3 Acceleration 3.4 Motion Diagrams 3.5 One-Dimensional Motion with Constant Acceleration
More informationChapter 8 : Motion. KEY CONCEPTS [ *rating as per the significance of concept ]
Chapter 8 : Motion KEY CONCEPTS [ *rating as per the significance of concept ] 1 Motion **** 2 Graphical Representation of Motion *** & Graphs 3 Equation of motion **** 4 Uniform Circular Motion ** 1 Motion
More informationFrom last time. Light and heavy objects fall identically. Objects maintain their state of motion unless acted on by an external force.
From last time Light and heavy objects fall identically. Objects maintain their state of motion unless acted on by an external force. I.e. either at rest, or straight line motion at constant speed This
More informationWelcome Back to Physics 215!
Welcome Back to Physics 215! (General Physics I) Thurs. Jan 18 th, 2018 Lecture01-2 1 Last time: Syllabus Units and dimensional analysis Today: Displacement, velocity, acceleration graphs Next time: More
More informationChapter 3: LINEAR MOTION
Chapter 3: LINEAR MOTION Here we'll consider only the simplest form of motion that along a straight-line path linear motion. Linear Motion (Motion in a straight line, such as falling straight downward)
More informationAs you come in. Pick up graded homework from front Turn in homework in the box
As you come in Pick up graded homework from front Turn in homework in the box LECTURE 3 CONTINUING CHAPTER 2 Professor Cassandra Paul How I graded homework I was thorough and lenient! A s (4.0) were given
More informationChapter 1 Problem 28: Agenda. Quantities in Motion. Displacement Isn t Distance. Velocity. Speed 1/23/14
Agenda We need a note-taker! If you re interested, see me after class. Today: HW Quiz #1, 1D Motion Lecture for this week: Chapter 2 (finish reading Chapter 2 by Thursday) Homework #2: continue to check
More informationChapter 2: 1D Kinematics
Chapter 2: 1D Kinematics Description of motion involves the relationship between position, displacement, velocity, and acceleration. A fundamental goal of 1D kinematics is to determine x(t) if given initial
More informationMotion Chapter 3, Section 1: Distance, Displacement, Speed, Velocity
3 Motion Chapter 3, Section 1: Distance, Displacement, Speed, Velocity Distance An important part of describing the motion of an object is to describe how far it has moved, which is distance. The SI unit
More informationChapter 3 Lecture. Pearson Physics. Acceleration and Accelerated Motion. Prepared by Chris Chiaverina Pearson Education, Inc.
Chapter 3 Lecture Pearson Physics Acceleration and Accelerated Motion Prepared by Chris Chiaverina Chapter Contents Acceleration Motion with Constant Acceleration Position-Time Graphs with Constant Acceleration
More informationChapter 3: Introduction to Motion
Chapter 3: Introduction to Motion Motion... Particle Models Vectors vs. Scalars Position, Displacement and Distance Velocity vs. Speed Instantaneous vs. Average Acceleration start time Particle motion
More informationLinear Motion. By Jack, Cole, Kate and Linus
Linear Motion By Jack, Cole, Kate and Linus What is it? -Linear Motion is the study of motion, Kinematics, and Dynamics Motion Motion is dependent on the reference frame in which you are observing. If
More informationIf we plot the position of a moving object at increasing time intervals, we get a position time graph. This is sometimes called a distance time graph.
Physics Lecture #2: Position Time Graphs If we plot the position of a moving object at increasing time intervals, we get a position time graph. This is sometimes called a distance time graph. Suppose a
More information1) If the acceleration of an object is negative, the object must be slowing down. A) True B) False Answer: B Var: 1
University Physics, 13e (Young/Freedman) Chapter 2 Motion Along a Straight Line 2.1 Conceptual Questions 1) If the acceleration of an object is negative, the object must be slowing down. A) True B) False
More informationInteractive Engagement via Thumbs Up. Today s class. Next class. Chapter 2: Motion in 1D Example 2.10 and 2.11 Any Question.
PHYS 01 Interactive Engagement via Thumbs Up 1 Chap.1 Sumamry Today s class SI units Dimensional analysis Scientific notation Errors Vectors Next class Chapter : Motion in 1D Example.10 and.11 Any Question
More informationChapter 2 Kinematics in One Dimension
Chapter 2 Kinematics in One Dimension The Cheetah: A cat that is built for speed. Its strength and agility allow it to sustain a top speed of over 100 km/h. Such speeds can only be maintained for about
More information(numerical value) In calculating, you will find the total distance traveled. Displacement problems will find the distance from the starting point to the ending point. *Calculate the total amount traveled
More informationCHAPTER 2 DESCRIBING MOTION: KINEMATICS IN ONE DIMENSION
CHAPTER 2 DESCRIBING MOTION: KINEMATICS IN ONE DIMENSION OBJECTIVES After studying the material of this chapter, the student should be able to: state from memory the meaning of the key terms and phrases
More informationUnit 1 Test Review Physics Basics, Movement, and Vectors Chapters 2-3
A.P. Physics B Unit 1 Test Review Physics Basics, Movement, and Vectors Chapters - 3 * In studying for your test, make sure to study this review sheet along with your quizzes and homework assignments.
More informationAP Physics C: Mechanics Ch. 2 Motion. SHORT ANSWER. Write the word or phrase that best completes each statement or answers the question.
Name: Period: Date: AP Physics C: Mechanics Ch. Motion SHORT ANSWER. Write the word or phrase that best completes each statement or answers the question. ) Car A is traveling at twice the speed of car
More informationPhysics. Chapter 3 Linear Motion
Physics Chapter 3 Linear Motion Motion is Relative How fast are you moving? We can only speak of how fast in relation to some other thing. Unless otherwise specified, we will assume motion relative to
More informationMotion in 1 Dimension
Motion in 1 Dimension Physics is all about describing motion. For now we are going to discuss motion in 1 dimension, which means either along the x axis or the y axis. To describe an object s motion, we
More informationGoal: Describe Motion Kinematics 'How' Dynamics 'Why' (Forces): Chapter 4. Position, Displacement, Velocity, Acceleration
Chapter 2 - Kinematics Goal: Describe Motion Kinematics 'How' Dynamics 'Why' (Forces): Chapter 4 Position, Displacement, Velocity, Acceleration All vector quantities 3-d Displacement: a vector that points
More informationINTRODUCTION. 1. One-Dimensional Kinematics
INTRODUCTION Mechanics is the area of physics most apparent to us in our everyday lives Raising an arm, standing up, sitting down, throwing a ball, opening a door etc all governed by laws of mechanics
More information161 Spring 2018 Exam 1 Version A Name: No cell phones or electronic devices (except scientific calculators). = 4 3 = = =
161 Spring 2018 Exam 1 Version A Name: No cell phones or electronic devices (except scientific calculators). = 4 3 = = = = 4 = h h = = ± 4 2 = 2 = = 2 1609 m = 1 mi 12 in = 1 ft 60 s = 1 min 1000 g = 1
More informationIntroductory Physics, High School Learning Standards for a Full First-Year Course
Introductory Physics, High School Learning Standards for a Full First-Year Course I. C O N T E N T S T A N D A R D S Central Concept: Newton s laws of motion and gravitation describe and predict the motion
More informationWhich car/s is/are undergoing an acceleration?
Which car/s is/are undergoing an acceleration? Which car experiences the greatest acceleration? Match a Graph Consider the position-time graphs below. Each one of the 3 lines on the position-time graph
More informationPHYSICS Kinematics in One Dimension
PHYSICS Kinematics in One Dimension August 13, 2012 www.njctl.org 1 Motion in One Dimension Return to Table of Contents 2 Distance We all know what the distance between two objects is... So what is it?
More informationLook over: Chapter 2 Sections 1-9 Sample Problems 1, 2, 5, 7. Look over: Chapter 2 Sections 1-7 Examples 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10, 11 PHYS 2211
PHYS 2211 Look over: Chapter 2 Sections 1-9 Sample Problems 1, 2, 5, 7 PHYS 1111 Look over: Chapter 2 Sections 1-7 Examples 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10, 11 Topics Covered 1) Average Speed 2) Average Velocity
More informationIntroduction to 1-D Motion Distance versus Displacement
Introduction to 1-D Motion Distance versus Displacement Kinematics! Kinematics is the branch of mechanics that describes the motion of objects without necessarily discussing what causes the motion.! 1-Dimensional
More informationLecture Notes Kinematics Recap 2.4 Acceleration
Lecture Notes 2.5-2.9 Kinematics Recap 2.4 Acceleration Acceleration is the rate at which velocity changes. The SI unit for acceleration is m/s 2 Acceleration is a vector, and thus has both a magnitude
More informationMULTIPLE CHOICE. Choose the one alternative that best completes the statement or answers the question.
MULTIPLE CHOICE. Choose the one alternative that best completes the statement or answers the question. 1) If the acceleration of an object is negative, the object must be slowing down. A) True B) False
More informationMOTION, DISTANCE, AND DISPLACEMENT Q: What is motion? A: Motion is any change in the position or place of an object. is the study of motion (without
MOTION, DISTANCE, AND DISPLACEMENT Q: What is motion? A: Motion is any change in the position or place of an object. is the study of motion (without considering the cause of the motion). Distance vs. Displacement
More informationUnit 1: Mechanical Equilibrium
Unit 1: Mechanical Equilibrium Chapter: Two Mechanical Equilibrium Big Idea / Key Concepts Student Outcomes 2.1: Force 2.2: Mechanical Equilibrium 2.3: Support Force 2.4: Equilibrium for Moving Objects
More informationConceptual Physical Science
Hewitt/Suchocki/Hewitt Conceptual Physical Science Fourth Edition Chapter 1: PATTERNS OF MOTION AND EQUILIBRIUM This lecture will help you understand: Aristotle on Motion Galileo s Concept of Inertia Mass
More informationChapter 2. Kinematics in one dimension
Chapter 2 Kinematics in one dimension Galileo - the first modern kinematics 1) In a medium totally devoid of resistance all bodies will fall at the same speed 2) During equal intervals of time, a falling
More informationPhysics 100. Reminder: All lecture notes posted, after lecture, follow link at:
Physics 100 Please pick up a clicker! Reminder: All lecture notes posted, after lecture, follow link at: http://www.hunter.cuny.edu/physics/courses/physics100/spring-2016 Note: Before the actual lecture,
More informationConceptual Physics Fundamentals
Conceptual Physics Fundamentals Chapter 3: EQUILIBRIUM AND LINEAR MOTION This lecture will help you understand: Aristotle on Motion Galileo s Concept of Inertia Mass A Measure of Inertia Net Force The
More informationKinematics Motion in 1-Dimension
Kinematics Motion in 1-Dimension Lana Sheridan De Anza College Jan 16, 2018 Last time unit conversions (non-si units) order of magnitude calculations how to solve problems Overview 1-D kinematics quantities
More informationName: Class: Date: Multiple Choice Identify the letter of the choice that best completes the statement or answers the question. c.
Class: Date: Chapter 2 Review Multiple Choice Identify the letter of the choice that best completes the statement or answers the question. 1. What is the speed of an object at rest? a. 0.0 m/s c. 9.8 m/s
More informationSection Distance and displacment
Chapter 11 Motion Section 11.1 Distance and displacment Choosing a Frame of Reference What is needed to describe motion completely? A frame of reference is a system of objects that are not moving with
More informationAP Physics 1 Summer Assignment (2014)
Name: Date: AP Physics 1 Summer Assignment (2014) Instructions: 1. Read and study Chapter 2 Describing Motion: Kinematics in One Dimension. 2. Answer the questions below. 3. Submit your answers online
More informationChapter 2. Motion in One Dimension. Professor Wa el Salah
Chapter 2 Motion in One Dimension Kinematics Describes motion while ignoring the external agents that might have caused or modified the motion For now, will consider motion in one dimension Along a straight
More informationPhysics General Physics. Lecture 3 Newtonian Mechanics. Fall 2016 Semester. Prof. Matthew Jones
Physics 22000 General Physics Lecture 3 Newtonian Mechanics Fall 2016 Semester Prof. Matthew Jones 1 Review of Lectures 1 and 2 In the previous lectures we learned how to describe some special types of
More informationChapter 2 Review Answer Key
Chapter Review Answer Key Select the correct term to complete the sentences. Section.. force. Newton s first law. inertia. net force. newton Section. 6. acceleration 7. Newton s second law Section. 8.
More informationIntroductory Physics, High School Learning Standards for a Full First-Year Course
Introductory Physics, High School Learning Standards for a Full First-Year Course I. C ONTENT S TANDARDS Central Concept: Newton s laws of motion and gravitation describe and predict the motion of 1.1
More informationPosition, Speed and Velocity Position is a variable that gives your location relative to an origin. The origin is the place where position equals 0.
Position, Speed and Velocity Position is a variable that gives your location relative to an origin. The origin is the place where position equals 0. The position of this car at 50 cm describes where the
More informationAcceleration Worksheet Definitions: velocity: speed in a given direction acceleration: the rate at which the velocity is changing
Name: Period: Date: / / Acceleration Worksheet Definitions: velocity: speed in a given direction acceleration: the rate at which the velocity is changing Acceleration Notes: 1. What are the three things
More informationhttp://geocities.com/kenahn7/ Today in this class Chap.2, Sec.1-7 Motion along a straight line 1. Position and displacement 2. 3. Acceleration Example: Motion with a constant acceleration Position and
More informationChapter 2 Describing Motion
Chapter 2 Describing Motion Chapter 2 Overview In chapter 2, we will try to accomplish two primary goals. 1. Understand and describe the motion of objects. Define concepts like speed, velocity, acceleration,
More informationCalculating Acceleration
Calculating Acceleration Textbook pages 392 405 Before You Read Section 9. 2 Summary How do you think a velocity-time graph might differ from the position-time graph you learned about in the previous chapter?
More informationWould you risk your life driving drunk? Intro
Martha Casquete Would you risk your life driving drunk? Intro Assignments: For next class: Finish reading Ch. 2, read Chapter 3 (Vectors) HW3 Set due next Wednesday, 9/11 HW3 will be in weebly. Question/Observation
More informationChapter 2 Test Item File
Chapter 2 Test Item File Chapter 2: Describing Motion: Kinetics in One Dimension 1. What must be your average speed in order to travel 350 km in 5.15 h? a) 66.0 km/h b) 67.0 km/h c) 68.0 km/h d) 69.0 km/h
More informationChapter 2 1D KINEMATICS
Chapter 2 1D KINEMATICS The motion of an American kestrel through the air can be described by the bird s displacement, speed, velocity, and acceleration. When it flies in a straight line without any change
More informationDisplacement, Velocity, and Acceleration AP style
Displacement, Velocity, and Acceleration AP style Linear Motion Position- the location of an object relative to a reference point. IF the position is one-dimension only, we often use the letter x to represent
More informationChapter 2 Solutions. = 16.1 m/s. = 11.5 m/s m. 180 km = ( ) h. = 2.5 m/s. = 3.3 m/s
Chapter Solutions *.1 (a) v.30 m/s v x 57.5 m 9.0 m 3.00 s 16.1 m/s (c) v x 57.5 m 0 m 5.00 s 11.5 m/s. (a) Displacement (8.50 10 4 m/h) 35.0 60.0 h + 130 103 m x (49.6 + 130) 10 3 m 180 km Average velocity
More information5) A stone is thrown straight up. What is its acceleration on the way up? 6) A stone is thrown straight up. What is its acceleration on the way down?
5) A stone is thrown straight up. What is its acceleration on the way up? Answer: 9.8 m/s 2 downward 6) A stone is thrown straight up. What is its acceleration on the way down? Answer: 9.8 m/ s 2 downward
More informationDescribing motion: Kinematics in one dimension
Describing motion: Kinematics in one dimension Scientist Galileo Galilei Issac Newton Vocabulary Mechanics Kinematics Dynamics Translational Motion Particle Frame of Reference Coordinate axes Position
More informationGravity. Announcement. Topics in Chapter 5. Topics for Today. PHYS 1403 Introduction to Astronomy. Motion. Chapter 5. Exam 1
PHYS 1403 Introduction to Astronomy Gravity Chapter 5 Announcement Exam 1 February 21 st 2018 2:25pm 3:40 pm during class time Chapter 1,2,3,4 and 5 40 Multiple Questions. One short answer essay type question.
More informationNewton. Galileo THE LAW OF INERTIA REVIEW
Galileo Newton THE LAW OF INERTIA REVIEW 1 MOTION IS RELATIVE We are moving 0 m/s and 30km/s Find the resultant velocities MOTION IS RELATIVE Position versus Time Graph. Explain how the car is moving.
More informationVectors. Coordinates & Vectors. Chapter 2 One-Dimensional Kinematics. Chapter 2 One-Dimensional Kinematics
Chapter 2 One-Dimensional Kinematics Chapter 2 One-Dimensional Kinematics James Walker, Physics, 2 nd Ed. Prentice Hall One dimensional kinematics refers to motion along a straight line. Even though we
More informationPhysics 101 Prof. Ekey. Chapter 2
Physics 11 Prof. Ekey Chapter 2 Kinematics in one dimension Uniform motion, s vs t, v vs t, a vs t, kinematic equations fun. In this chapter, you will learn how to solve problems about motion along a straight
More informationWelcome Back to Physics 211!
Welcome Back to Physics 211! (General Physics I) Thurs. Aug 30 th, 2012 Physics 211 -Fall 2012 Lecture01-2 1 Last time: Syllabus, mechanics survey Particle model Today: Using your clicker 1D displacement,
More information