Glossary. Mathematics Glossary. Elementary School Level. English / Slovak
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1 Elementary School Level Glossary Mathematics Glossary English / Slovak Translation of Mathematics Terms Based on the Coursework for Mathematics Grades 3 to 5. Word-for-word glossaries are used for testing accommodations for ELL/LEP students THE STATE EDUCATION DEPARTMENT / THE UNIVERSITY OF THE STATE OF NEW YORK / ALBANY, NY Updated: December 2017
2 THE STATE EDUCATION DEPARTMENT / THE UNIVERSITY OF THE STATE OF NEW YORK / ALBANY, NY P-16 Office of Elementary, Middle, Secondary and Continuing Education and Office of Higher Education Office of Bilingual Education and World Languages THE UNIVERSITY OF THE STATE OF NEW YORK Regents of The University BETTY A. ROSA, Chancellor, B.A., M.S. in Ed., M.S. in Ed., M.Ed., Ed.D.... Bronx T. ANDREW BROWN, Vice Chancellor, B.A., J.D.... Rochester ROGER TILLES, B.A., J.D.... Great Neck LESTER W. YOUNG, JR., B.S., M.S., Ed.D..... Beechhurst CHRISTINE D. CEA, B.A., M.A., Ph.D..... Staten Island WADE S. NORWOOD, B.A.... Rochester KATHLEEN M. CASHIN, B.S., M.S., Ed.D.... Brooklyn JAMES E. COTTRELL, B.S., M.D.... New York JOSEPHINE VICTORIA FINN, B.A., J.D.... Monticello JUDITH CHIN, M.S. in Ed.... Little Neck BEVERLY L. OUDERKIRK, B.S. in Ed., M.S. in Ed.... Morristown CATHERINE COLLINS, R.N., N.P., B.S., M.S. in Ed., Ed.D.... Buffalo JUDITH JOHNSON, B.A., M.A., C.A.S.... New Hempstead NAN EILEEN MEAD, B.A.... Manhattan ELIZABETH S. HAKANSON, A.S., M.S., C.A.S.... Syracuse LUIS O. REYES, B.A., M.A., Ph.D.... New York SUSAN W. MITTLER, B.S., M.S.... Ithaca Commissioner of Education and President of The University MARYELLEN ELIA Executive Deputy Commissioner ELIZABETH R. BERLIN The State Education Department does not discriminate on the basis of age, color, religion, creed, disability, marital status, veteran status, national origin, race, gender, genetic predisposition or carrier status, or sexual orientation in its educational programs, services and activities. Portions of this publication can be made available in a variety of formats, including braille, large print or audio tape, upon request. Inquiries concerning this policy of nondiscrimination should be directed to the Department s Office for Diversity and Access, Room 530, Education Building, Albany, NY
3 about above absolute value accurate accurately label work act it out acute angle acute triangle add addend addition addition fact addition sentence addition sign additive inverses after afternoon algebra algebraic expression algebraic patterns algebraic relationship algebraically algorithm alike all all together almost amount analog clock analyze angle angles, adjacent answer ante meridian (a.m.) apex application apply approach appropriate mathematical language appropriate mathematical language organize work arc area argument argument / conjecture / counterexample arithmetic (numeric) expression o nad absolútna hodnota presný presne označiť prácu vyjadriť ostrý uhol ostrouhlý trojuholník pripočítať sčítanec súčet spoj sčítania sčítacia veta sčítacie znamienko inverzné členy sčítania po popoludnie algebra algebrický výraz algebrické vzorce algebrický vzťah algebricky algoritmus rovnaký všetko všetko spolu takmer množstvo analógové hodiny analyzovať uhol uhly, priľahlé odpoveď dopoludnia (ante meridian a.m.) vrchol aplikácia aplikovať prístup vhodný matematický jazyk vhodný matematický jazyk organizovať prácu oblúk obsah plochy argument argument/domnienka/negatívny príklad aritmetický (číselný) výraz
4 arithmetic expression aritmetický výraz arithmetic fact aritmetický spoj arrange usporiadať array matica as long as pokiaľ associative property asociačná vlastnosť attribute atribút autumn (fall) jeseň average priemer axis (axes) os (osi) bar graph stĺpcový graf base základňa base of a 3-dimensional figure podstava 3-rozmerného telesa base of a parallelogram základňa rovnobežníka base of a polygon základňa mnohouholníka base of a polyhedron podstava mnohostenu base of a rectangle základňa pravouholníka base of a triangle základňa trojuholníka base ten number system základná desiatková sústava before pred below pod beside between on vedľa medzi na big/bigger/biggest veľký/väčší/najväčší bisect pretínať calculate počítať calendar kalendár capacity kapacita cardinal numbers (1-10) základné číslovky (1 10) cent cent centimeter (cm) centimeter (cm) chance šanca charts grafy circle kružnica circle graph kruhový graf circumference obvod clarify vysvetliť classify triangles klasifikovať trojuholníky closed figure uzatvorené číslo coin minca collaborate spolupracovať collection zbierka common spoločný common denominator spoločný menovateľ common multiple spoločný násobok commutative property of addition komutatívne vlastnosti sčítania commutative property of multiplication komutatívne vlastnosti násobenia
5 compare compare numbers compatible numbers compensation complementary angles compose a number compose shapes composite number concentric circles conclusion concrete representations cone congruent congruent triangles conjecture connect consecutive consecutive angles constant construct contrast conversion fact convert coordinate coordinate grid coordinate plane corner corresponding angles corresponding sides count back count backwards count on counterexample counting numbers cube cubic centimeter (cm3) cubic unit cup (c) currency symbols customary measurement system data data frequency table day daylight decagon decimal fraction porovnať porovnať čísla kompatibilné čísla kompenzácia doplnkové uhly vytvoriť číslo zostrojiť tvary zložené číslo sústredné kružnice záver konkrétne vyjadrenia kužeľ zhodný zhodné trojuholníky domnienka spojiť postupný vnútorné susedné uhly konštanta zostrojiť kontrast konverzný faktor previesť súradnica súradnicová sústava súradnicová rovina roh súhlasné uhly súhlasné strany odpočítavať spätne počítať počítať s negatívny príklad počítanie čísel kocka kubický centimeter (cm3) kubická jednotka pohár (c) symboly meny vlastný merný systém údaje tabuľka frekvencie údajov deň denné svetlo desaťuholník desatinný zlomok
6 decimal number desatinné číslo decimal point desatinná čiarka decimeter decimeter decompose a number rozložiť číslo decompose shapes rozložiť tvary decrease znížiť decreasing sequences klesajúce postupnosti degree stupeň degree measure of an angle uhlový rozmer uhla denominator menovateľ density hustota design dizajn diameter priemer differences rozdiely digit číslica digital clock digitálne hodiny digits číslice dime desaťcent dimension rozmer discuss diskutovať distributive property distribučná charakteristika divide deliť dividend delenec divisibility test skúška deliteľnosti divisible deliteľný divisible by deliteľný číslom division delenie divisor deliteľ dodecahedron dvanásťsten dollar ($) dolár ($) doubles minus one sčítanie dvoch čísel mínus jedna doubles plus one sčítanie dvoch čísel plus jedna doubling zdvojnásobenie draw a graph nakresliť graf draw a picture nakresliť obrázok drawings kresby edge okraj eight osem elapsed time uplynutý čas ellipse elipsa endpoint koncový bod equivalent equations ekvivalentné rovnice equal (=) rovné (=) equal to (=) rovná sa (=) equation rovnica equidistant marks ekvidištančné značky
7 equilateral polygon equilateral triangle equivalent equivalent decimals equivalent fractions equivalent numerical expressions equivalent ratios estimate estimation estimation strategies evaluate even number evening event examine example expanded form experimental results explain explain mathematical relationships explore explore mathematical relationships exponential notations extend a pattern extend models extended fact face fact fact family (related facts) factor (noun) factor (verb) factorial fair share fewer fewer than fifths first five flip (reflection) foot (ft.) formula formulate conclusions from graphs formulate predictions from graphs four four-digit number fourth rovnostranný mnohouholník rovnostranný trojuholník ekvivalent ekvivalentné desatinné čísla ekvivalentné zlomky ekvivalentné číselné výrazy ekvivalentné pomery odhadnúť odhad stratégie odhadu vyhodnotiť párne číslo večer udalosť skúmať príklad rozšírený tvar experimentálne výsledky vysvetliť vysvetliť matematické vzťahy preskúmať preskúmať matematické vzťahy exponenciálne zápisy rozšíriť vzorec roztiahnuť modely rozšírený fakt stena fakt skupina spojov (súvisiace spoje) faktor (podstatné meno) faktorovať (sloveso) faktoriál primeraný podiel menej menej ako pätiny prvý päť prevrátiť (odraz) stopa (st.) vzorec vyvodzovať závery z grafov vyvodzovať predpoklady z grafov štyri štvorciferné číslo štvrtina
8 fraction zlomok frequency table tabuľka frekvencie front-end estimation odhad na základe prvých číslic gallon (gal) galón (gal) generate solutions generovať riešenia geometric fact geometrický fakt geometric figure geometrický tvar geometric pattern geometrický vzorec geometric solid geometrické teleso geometry geometria gram (g) gram (g) graphical representations grafické znázornenia graphs grafy greater väčší greater than (>) väčší ako (>) greatest najväčší greatest common divisor (GCD) najväčší spoločný deliteľ (GCD) greatest common factor (GCF) najväčší spoločný činiteľ (GCF) grid mriežka group how many zoskupiť koľko guess odhadnúť half hour pol hodina halves polovice halving polenie heavier ťažší height výška height of a 3-dimensional figure výška 3-rozmerného telesa height of a parallelogram výška rovnobežníka height of a rectangle výška obdĺžnika height of a triangle výška trojuholníka heptagon sedemuholník hexagon šesťuholník higher vyšší horizontal vodorovný hour hodina hour hand hodinová ručička hundred chart tabuľka s číslami do sto hundred thousands sto tisíce hundred thousand million sto tisíc miliónov hundreds stovky hundreds places stovkové miesta hundredths stotiny hypotenuse prepona icosahedron dvadsaťsten identify identifikovať identify the problem identifikovať problém
9 element for addition prvok na sčítanie Identify element for multiplication identifikovať prvok na vynásobenie impossible outcome nemožný výsledok improper fraction nepravý zlomok inch (in) palec (pal) increase zvýšiť increasing sequences stúpajúce postupnosti inequality nerovnosť input values zadať hodnoty Inscribed polygon vpísaný mnohouholník inside vnútri integer celé číslo interior angles vnútorné uhly interpret interpretovať interpret models interpretovať modely intersect pretínať intersecting lines rôznobežné priamky invalid approach neplatný prístup inverse operations inverzné operácie inverse property inverzná vlastnosť investigate skúmať irrational numbers iracionálne čísla irregular polygon nepravidelný mnohouholník irregular shape nepravidelný tvar irrelevant information irelevantné informácie isosceles triangle rovnoramenný trojuholník justify zdôvodniť key sequence sled kľúčov key to a graph kľúč ku grafu kilogram (kg) kilogram (kg) kilometer (km) kilometer (km) kite šarkan label work označiť prácu language of logic (and, or, not) jazykové výrazy logiky (a, alebo, nie) large / larger / largest veľký/väčší/najväčší last posledný least common denominator (LCD) najmenší spoločný menovateľ (LCD) least common multiple (LCM) najmenší spoločný násobok (LCM) leg of a right triangle rameno pravouhlého trojuholníka length dĺžka less menej less than (<) menej ako (<) lighter ľahší like (common denominator) rovnaký (spoločný menovateľ) likely pravdepodobne line čiara
10 line graph line of symmetry line plot line segment line symmetry listen liter (L) logical reasoning long / longer / longest longer longer than look for a pattern lower lowest terms (simplest form) make a chart make a diagram make an organized chart make an organized list make conjectures make observations map legend map scale mass match mathematical statements mathematics mean measure measurement median mental math meter (m) metric system of measurement metric units of measure mile milliliter (ml) millimeter (mm) millions minuend minus minus sign minute minute hand mixed number mode money čiarový graf os súmernosti čiarový graf úsečka osová súmernosť počúvať liter (l) logická argumentácia dlhý/dlhší/najdlhší dlhšie dlhšie ako nájsť vzorec dolný základný tvar (zlomku) vytvoriť graf vytvoriť schému vytvoriť usporiadaný graf vytvoriť usporiadaný zoznam vytvárať domnienky pozorovať legenda mapy mierka mapy masa zhodovať sa matematické výroky matematika priemer merať meranie medián mentálna matematika meter (m) metrický merný systém metrické merné jednotky míľa mililiter (ml) milimeter (mm) milióny menšenec mínus mínusové znamienko minúta minútová ručička zmiešané číslo režim peniaze
11 months of the year mesiace v roku more viac more than (>) viac ako (>) more / most viac/najviac morning ráno multiple viacnásobný multiple representations viacnásobné vyjadrenia multiplicand násobenec multiplication násobenie multiplicative inverses multiplikatívne inverzie multiplier násobiteľ multiply vynásobiť negative number záporné číslo negative rational numbers záporné racionálne čísla next ďalší nickel nikel night noc nine deväť nonagon deväťuholník nonstandard measure neštandardná miera nonstandard representations neštandardné vyjadrenia nonstandard units neštandardné jednotky noon poludnie not equal to (¹) nerovná sa (¹) not equal ( ) nerovné ( ) number číslo number in words číslo slovami number line číselná os number model číselný model number sentence číselná veta number system číselná sústava numeral číslica numeration číslovanie numerator čitateľ numeric expression numerický výraz numeric patterns číselné vzorce numerical problems numerické problémy numerically numericky objects objekty, predmety, telesá objects created using technology predmety vytvorené pomocou technológie obtuse angle tupý uhol obtuse triangle tupouhlý trojuholník octagon osemuholník octagon parallel lines rovnobežky osemuholníka odd number nepárne číslo one jeden
12 one-digit number ones one s place open figure open sentence operation operational method / operation oral representations order order of operations ordered number pair ordinal number organize organize work organize chart organize list origin ounce (oz.) over pan balance parabola parallel lines parallelogram part part-to-part ratio part-to-whole ratio pattern penny pentagon percent perimeter perpendicular lines personal references per-unit rate physical models pi pictograph pictorial representations pint (pt) place value plane plane figure plot plus point poll jednociferné číslo jednotky niekoho miesto otvorený tvar otvorená veta operácia operačná metóda/operácia ústne vyjadrenia poradie poradie operácií zoradený číselný pár radová číslovka organizovať organizovať prácu usporiadať graf usporiadať zoznam východiskový bod unca (oz.) nad miskové váhy parabola rovnobežné čiary rovnobežník časť vzájomný pomer častí pomer časti a celku vzor peny päťuholník percento obvod kolmice osobné referencie jednotkový pomer fyzické modely pí piktograf obrázkové znázornenia pinta (pt) rád rovina rovinný tvar diagram plus bod voľby
13 polygon mnohouholník polyhedron mnohosten positive number kladné číslo positive power of 10 kladná mocnina 10 positive rational numbers kladné racionálne čísla possible outcomes možné výsledky post meridian (p.m.) popoludní (post meridian p.m.) pound (lb.) libra (lb.) power mocnina power of 10 mocnina 10 predict predpokladať prediction predpoveď prime factorization rozloženie na prvočísla prime number prvočíslo prism hranol probability pravdepodobnosť problem solving strategies stratégie riešenia problémov process of elimination vylučovací proces product súčin proper fraction pravý zlomok property vlastnosť protractor uhlomer pyramid ihlan Pythagorean Theorem Pytagorova veta quadrangle štvoruholník quadrant kvadrant quadrilateral štvorstranný quart (qt) kvart (štvrtina galónu qt) quarter štvrtina questions otázky quotient kvocient radius polomer random number náhodné číslo randomly náhodne range rozsah rate miera ratio pomer rational number racionálne číslo rationale logický výklad ray lúč real number reálne číslo real world math praktická matematika real world situation situácia zo skutočného sveta reasonable estimates rozumné odhady reasonableness odôvodnenosť reasonableness of a solution odôvodnenosť riešenia
14 recognize rectangle reference frame regroup (regrouping) regular polygon regular polyhedron related facts relation symbol relevant information remainder repeated addition repeated subtraction repeating decimal rhombus right angle rotation round a number rounding rule ruler same sample space scale drawing scale on a graph scale to measure mass scalene triangle scientific notation seasons in relation to the months second sector semicircle set of data set of objects seven shape share shorter shorter than show side similar figures similar triangles similar triangles square similarities simplest form simplify an expression rozpoznať obdĺžnik referenčný rámec preskupiť (preskupenie) pravidelný mnohouholník pravidelný mnohosten súvisiace fakty symbol relácie relevantné informácie zostatok opakované sčítanie opakované odčítanie opakujúce sa desatinné číslo kosoštvorec pravý uhol otočenie zaokrúhliť číslo zaokrúhľovanie pravidlo pravítko rovnaký výberový priestor výkres v mierke stupnica na grafe váhy na meranie hmotnosti všeobecný trojuholník matematický zápis obdobia vo vzťahu k mesiacom druhý výsek polkruh množina údajov množina predmetov sedem tvar podiel kratší kratší ako ukázať strana podobné číslice podobné trojuholníky druhá mocnina v podobných trojuholníkoch podobnosti najjednoduchšia forma zjednodušiť výraz
15 simplify fractions single event single-event experiment six sixth size skip count slide (translation) small / smaller / smallest solid figure solution solutions solve solve a simpler problem some sort special case special case (s) speed sphere spring square square array square number square of a number square root of a number square unit standard measure standard notation standard representation standard representations standard units stem-and-leaf plot step graph straight angle strategies substitute substitution subtract subtraction subtraction fact subtraction sentence subtraction sign subtrahend sum summer zjednodušiť zlomky samostatný jav experiment so samostatným javom šesť šiesty veľkosť počítať po dvoch posunutie (translácia) malý/menší/najmenší geometrické teleso riešenie riešenia vyriešiť vyriešiť jednoduchší problém niektoré triediť špeciálny prípad špeciálny prípad (špeciálne prípady) rýchlosť guľa pružina štvorec štvorcová matica druhá mocnina druhá mocnina čísla druhá odmocnina čísla štvorcová jednotka štandardná miera štandardný zápis štandardné vyjadrenie štandardné vyjadrenia štandardné jednotky diagram stopky a listov stupňovitý graf priamy uhol stratégie dosadiť substitúcia odčítať odčítanie spoj odčítania odčítacia veta odčítacie znamienko menšiteľ súčet leto
16 supplementary angles survey symbols symbols in verbal form symbols in written form table take away tall /taller / tallest tallies tally mark ten ten thousands tens tens place tenth term terminating decimal tessellation theorem third thought process thousands thousandth three three-digit number three-dimensional figure tiling time to challenge thinking to clarify thinking to elicit thinking to extend thinking together ton translate trapezoid trial and error triangle true / false turn (rotation) two two-digit number two-dimensional figure types of representations under understand výplnkové uhly prieskum symboly symboly v ústnej forme symboly v písanej forme tabuľka odčítať vysoký/vyšší/najvyšší talóny ryska desať desať tisíce desiatky miesto desiatok desiaty výraz konečné desatinné číslo mozaika poučka tretí myšlienkový proces tisíce tisíci tri trojciferné číslo trojrozmerný tvar dlaždicovanie čas namáhať myslenie objasniť myslenie odvodiť myslenie rozšíriť myslenie spoločne tona previesť lichobežník pokus a omyl trojuholník pravdivý/nepravdivý otočiť (rotácia) dva dvojciferné číslo dvojrozmerný tvar typy znázornenia pod rozumieť
17 unit unit fraction unlike denominators unlikely use manipulatives valid approach value variable Venn diagram verbal expression verbal form of reasoning verbal language verbal process verbal symbols verify claims of others verify results vertex vertical vertical angles volume week whole whole number whole numbers whole unit width winter work backwards write an equation written form of reasoning written language written representations written symbols yard (yd) year zero zero as the identify element in addition zero property of addition zero property of multiplication jednotka jednotkový zlomok rozdielne menovatele nepravdepodobný používať učebné pomôcky platný prístup hodnota premenná Vennov diagram slovné vyjadrenie ústna forma uvažovania verbálny jazyk verbálny proces slovné symboly overiť výroky iných overiť výsledky vrchol zvislý zvislé uhly objem týždeň celok celé číslo celé čísla celková jednotka šírka zima funguje dozadu zapísať rovnicu písomná forma uvažovania písaný jazyk písomné znázornenia písomné symboly yard (yd) rok nula nula ako identifikačný prvok v sčítaní nulová vlastnosť sčítania nulová vlastnosť násobenia
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