Introduction to Hadron Collider Physics. Mark Lancaster. Oct 6 th
|
|
- Maximilian Francis
- 6 years ago
- Views:
Transcription
1 Introduction to Hadron Collider Physics Mark Lancaster Oct 6 th
2
3 1974 (J/Ψ) (BNL AGS : pn) 1995 (FNAL Tevatron p-pbar) 1977 (FNAL : pn) 1962 (BNL AGS : ν from pn) 1983 (CERN SPS) : p-pbar 2000 (FNAL Tevatron : ν from pn)
4 Some history - hadron colliders have typically been at energy 10 x electron machines 2005!!! Now :Tevatron/FNAL : CDF/D0 at 1.96 TeV Nearly: the LHC at 900 GeV or 10 TeV or 14 TeV..
5 As well as fundamental particles; hadron colliders were responsible for: - discovery of CP violation in Kaon sector (BNL AGS : 1964) - discovery of heaviest meson (Bc) (CDF : FNAL Tevatron 1998) - first observation of CP violation in B sector (CDF : FNAL Tevatron : 1999) - first observation of Bs oscillations (CDF: FNAL Tevatron : Sep 2006) - first observation of Σ b baryons (CDF: FNAL Tevatron: Oct 2006) And as we will see a wealth of : - electroweak physics - QCD physics - B physics - exotic limits That said - we ALSO need lepton colliders and lepton-hadron colliders - lepton colliders : clean environment for precision measurements - lepton-hadron colliders : precision probes for QCD (PDFs) I will not talk about heavy ion colliders (e.g RHIC at BNL, LHC)
6 Gold on Gold RHIC
7 Why hadron colliders: - easy to get to high energy : less synchrotron radiation - naturally scan in centre of mass energy Synch Rad ~ E 4 /(M 4 R) At LEP2 (100 GeV) beams - 2 GeV per turn was being lost For protons this would not happen until E = 200 TeV. Synch Rad. at LHC is 3 KeV - higher cross sections (factor 3 from color)
8 Ultimate hadron collider proposed by Fermi in 1954!
9
10 Since hadron colliders collide composite objects the extraction of the physics is often ''messy'' and not straight-forward. - underlying event, multiple interactions - proliferation of QCD radiation - high event rates - places a premium on - real-time triggering (selection of interesting events) - accurate detectors with some redundancy - understanding QCD
11 Total event rate varies slowly (logarithmically) with CMS E 'Interesting'' physics events (high pt/mass) are enhanced at high CMS E But they can still be at a rate of 11 orders of magnitude below the soft proton-proton scattering events... Event Rates
12 Single W,Z Precision (loop) physics (0.2 fb -1 ) Di-Bosons SM tests : gauge couplings (1 fb -1 ) Single Top Observed now at 4-sigma (2 fb -1 ) Higgs Excluded between GeV (4 fb -1 )
13 What happens when two hadrons collide: 1. ~ 25% ELASTIC collisions hadrons change direction/momenta but there is no energy loss : dull! 2. ~ 75% INELASTIC collisions one or both of the hadrons have a change in energy & direction : rate ~ 1/Q 4 : Q is energy transfer mostly dull! In a collider we have bunches of hadrons circulating the accelerator - each bunch contains ~ protons (anti-protons are lower ~ 10 9 ) We can have more than one collision as the bunches pass through each other at the interaction region : ''Multiple Interaction'' The bunches have a significant size longitudinally (5-20 cm) 30 µm : BUNCH BUNCH : P 15cm
14 P ΔE 1 P ELASTIC : ΔE i = 0 (~ 25 %) P ΔE 2 P P P INELASTIC : NON DIFFRACTIVE (~ 55 %) P ΔE 1 P P ΔE i > 0 P ΔE 2 P P P INELASTIC : DOUBLE DIFFRACTIVE (~ 8 %) INELASTIC : SINGLE DIFFRACTIVE (~ 12 %)
15 Total Cross Section at Tevatron ~ 80 mb At LHC : don t know until we measure it : mb - despite talk of Higgs etc this will be one of the first LHC measurements Need to measure it so we have a prediction of the number of additional events overlapping the interesting physics. Poisson distributed - important at low lumi since skewed, less so at high lumi. LHC crossing interval = 25ns Assuming cross section of 130 mb. How many min bias interactions per crossing at LHC nominal lumi of cm -2 s -1 How many in 2009 at 10 28????
16 HARD & SOFT!! Most of interactions involve a low transverse momentum transfer (pt) from the initial to final state : - these are termed SOFT interactions - in such interactions a few/no particles are produced with significant pt (pt > 2 GeV) In contrast an electron from the decay of a W has a pt of ~ 40 GeV - interactions involving the emission of at least one particle with appreciable pt are termed HARD interactions A given bunch crossing can involve a mixture of separate HARD and SOFT interactions. A given interaction can have HARD and SOFT components (see later). HARD and SOFT terminology is not exact but it is frequently used Why do we care? - HARD interactions have a high scale e.g. mass of W or high pt particle and can be calculated reliably using perturbative QCD - SOFT interactions are NOT easily calculable within QCD and rely on ad-hoc models which are taken from data (with some ''theory'')
17 - first hard hadronic process wasn't seen until early 1970s at BNL & CERN! soft physics model - jets of hadrons were not seen until the SppS in 1980s by UA1 and UA2 (the gluon was only discovered from 3 jet events in e + e - collisions in 1979) - triggers for hard processes invariably involve a pt threshold or the presence of a resonance. - if no trigger then data rate from LHC would be 250 Tb of data per second!
18 Identification of hard components of the event is key to getting to the physics. - Higgs event at LHC with additional soft interactions hard QCD radiation
19
20 What is a minimum bias event? - event accepted with the only requirement being some activity in the detector with minimal pt threshold [100 MeV] (zero bias events have zero requirements) - a minimum bias event is therefore most likely to be either: - a low pt (soft) non-diffractive event - a soft single-diffractive event - a soft double diffractive event (some people do not include the diffractive events in the definition!) - it is characterised by: - having no high pt objects : jets; leptons; photons - being isotropic - see low pt tracks at all phi in a tracking detector - see uniform energy deposits in calorimeter as function of rapidity - these events occur in % of collisions. So if any given crossing has two interactions and one of them has been triggered due to a high pt component then the likelihood is that the accompanying event will be a dull minimum bias event.
21 CDF event charged tracks tracks from additional min bias events JET # charged tracks vs rapidity in min bias interactions
22 What is the (soft) underlying event (SUE): - everything else in the event not to do with a hard (high pt) sub-process - sometimes people add into this definition, the concurrent min bias events; such that underlying event is a generic term meaning ''all that's not high pt'' - this is not an exact science neither is the theory! This includes: - the remnants (quarks) of the proton not participating in the hard scatter - the soft (i.e. low pt) particles produced by the colour field (which will radiate) connecting the hard scatter with the remnant - soft gluons (QCD radiation) emitted from the hard scatter quarks - Where soft gluons become hard gluons and not part of the underlying event is not an exact definition if it's of high enough pt to hadronise into a jet then it's generally considered hard but that also depends on your jet algorithm! - soft physics also referred to as infra-red or long-range physics (= low energy)
23 The production of a W in a proton anti-proton collision showing the separate hard and soft components within a single interaction
24 Event Terminology Summary Already... - hard sub-process / hard scatter; (soft) underlying event ; miminum bias event; diffractive / inelastic / elastic - Multiple interaction - generally used to mean a hard scatter process + independent overlapping min bias event from different hadrons in same bunch - Multiple / Double Parton Interaction (DPI) - extremely rare (but have been observed by CDF) process when two partons in the same interacting hadrons undergo two independent hard scatters or more likely have one hard and one soft-ish. - Mini-jets - generally low pt (soft-ish) jets associated with the soft scatter in a double parton interaction. - DPI and mini-jets may be important at LHC since at the LHC there is a high probability of a low-x quark being involved in an interaction
25 - Example double parton interaction
26 Triggering at a hadron collider - this is the key e.g - b quark was discovered at rate of one b event per collisions - top quark was discovered at rate of one top per collisions! - by comparison this is trivial at a lepton collider Needle in a haystack moving at 186,000 miles per second MHz L1 : hardware 5 khz CHALLENGES - ensuring high trigger efficiency & retaining purity - knowing what the trigger efficiency is (use pass-through triggers and rely on pre-scaled triggers with lower thresholds) L2 : firmware 375 Hz Rejection factor of 1:20,000 after level-2 L3 : software 75 Hz Tape Robot ~ few Tb / day disks...
27 Factorisation and PDFs Factorisation is a fundamental theorem of perturbative QCD - it is vital for the theory to have any predictive power i.e be of any use
28 K-factors - factors that account for truncation of hard-scatter cross section e.g. they account for higher order effects. - generally a LO K-factor i.e one taking into account all non leading order diagrams is approx 25-50%. e.g. for Z production at the Tevatron it is 30%. NLO K factor is smaller...
29 Knowledge of PDFs is vital - they determine the rate of processes - we define ''luminosity functions'' to determine what the important partonic sub-processes will be. - this is where HERA measurements are vital
30 gluon-gluon production of ET=500 GeV jet is 4 orders of magnitude larger at LHC than Tevatron Gluon-Gluon Parton Luminosity LHC Tevatron X1 X2 (LHC) = 1/50 X1 X2 (Tevatron) : there are a lot of gluons at low x
31 Tevatron : jet production It works here we have data and perturbative NLO QCD agreeing over 9 orders of magnitude Beware log scales!!!
32 Heavy Flavour Production : Top or Bottom Quarks - for the most part the Tevatron is a quark anti-quark collider and the LHC is a gluon-gluon collider. - - understanding these processes is vital since e.g. bb is the dominant decay mode - of a light Higgs
33 Vector Boson Production Prompt Photon Production
34
35 Physics Areas : Past - CERN : SppS / ISR : 1970s and 1980s - discovery of W,Z and first measurement of mass - establishing QCD as a credible theory through jet measurements Physics Areas : Present - TEVATRON : Run-0 ( ), Run-1 ( ), Run-2 ( ) - Electroweak - precision measurements of W properties complementing LEP ( ) - Top Quark - can only be done at the Tevatron. Measurements of mass, xsec, helicity - Bottom - huge cross section - establish existence of oscillations in Bs system - measure properties of heaviest meson (Bc) and compare with lattice QCD - search for rare decays as indicator of new physics - QCD - measure jets at highest energy search for proton sub-structure - understand soft physics / mini-jets as precursor to LHC - hard diffractive processes e.g. diffractive W production; - Exotics - Usual suspects : Higgs, SUSY, extra-dimensions, monopoles, etc, etc
36 Doing Physics at a hadron collider key concepts: - do not measure proton remnant so not possible to add constraints in longitudinal direction. Only constraints are conservation of transverse momentum - e.g in W events we measure ''missing E T '' and a transverse mass. - jet backgrounds are huge & present in every non-jet analysis e.g. rarely a jet may contain only a p 0 and a p + very close together CDF II Preminary CDF II Preminary
37 - To tag/identify b quarks vital for top/new physics - need to measure a displaced secondary vertex. - d 0 is called the ''impact parameter'' - L XY is a pseudo-decay distance (related to lifetime of particle)
38 Silicon Vertex B-tagging efficiency (top) Improving b-tagging efficiency and knowing its efficiency is a key challenge at the Tevatron And it will be at the LHC h bb
39 Identification of taus: - popular decay product in many SUSY models (enhanced coupling) and also owing to its high mass has a non negligible higgs coupling. PRONG TERMINOLOGY - 65% of taus decay hadronically of this 65% : ~70% decays to one particle/ prong and 30% to three ''prong' : draw Feynman diagrams - why only odd # prongs..
40 Hadron Identification - vital for B physics : knowing difference between pion, kaon & proton - use TOF or Cerenkov counter or de/dx
41 Bring these together discover a new particle
42 Why is top interesting - it is by far the heaviest fundamental particle known (175 GeV) - it's mass is at the same scale as W,Z it may offer insights into the nature of electroweak symmetry breaking - its decay is so quick - that it's the only quark that doesn't hadronise - we can thus study its QCD radiation without hadronisation complications e.g. there are effects due to the fact that its massive means that the usual co-linear gluon radiation does not happen.. Need precise W and Top Masses - it has the largest contribution to the radiative corrections to the W/Higgs mass
43 Top events all-jets mode is difficult since backgrounds are large
44 You always do better than you expect (eventually.) LHC New result - Neural Net to remove background - Use matrix element to maximise information - Constrain Jet energy scale using known W mass. Errors: energy scale, PDFs, background, QCD
45 Single Top Production (via weak interaction) Why search for single top? Probe V tb directly / pb / pb < 0.1 pb New physics! s-channel Sensitive to resonances Z t-channel Sensitive to FCNCs Similar topology to Higgs Signature (WH Wbb)
46 Search for Single Top Topology: Somewhere between W+jets and top pair Vtb = 0.91 ± 0.11 (exp.) ± 0.07 (theory)
47 W, Z + Photon u- or t-channel s-channel final-state radiation
48 WW, WZ, ZZ Production WW (SM 12.5 ± 0.8 pb vs pb measured) Trilinear Gauge Coupling - hard to beat LEP (40k WW) Tevatron can produce higher mass than LEP. Important backgrounds to Higgs search (H -> WW)! - WZ established at > 5-sigma - ZZ established at ~ 5-sigma
49 B Physics Tevatron is the only place to produce heavier B mesons : Bs, Bc - - Why is this interesting! - it is calculable - fundamental QM in mixing phenomena : lifetime & mass differences
50 One of the few vindications of Lattice QCD
51 B s, B d, D 0 µ + µ - SM expectations: Br(B s µµ) ~ 3.8 x 10-9 Br(D 0 µµ) ~ SUSY: Br(B s µµ) ~ tan 6 β Can be enhanced by e.g. tanβ ~ 40 for Br ~ % CL µ + µ - Br limits: B s : 2 x 10-7 (unique to Tevatron) B d : 4 x 10-8 D 0 : 2.5 x 10-6 Excludes SO 10 space Large parts of R-parity violating SUSY. Smaller exclusion in msugra MSSM
52 Higgs Search Direct Search Limit : mh > 114 GeV from LEP2.
53 Higgs Search Indirect Limit (95% CL) : mh < 154 GeV 95% CL
54 Higgs Indirect Limit If CDF achieves its aim of 30 MeV then it only takes < 1σ Mw and we exclude the SM Higgs to be below the LEP exclusion at 95% CL Mw (TEV) = ± 25 M H = 75 ± 20 M H = 83 ± 30 (1 sigma - now)
55 Higgs Search
56 Higgs Search Low Mass (115 GeV) Tricky : since requires : - Sacrifical Offering to Likelihood / NN God - Best possible b-tagging efficiency - Understanding of SM backgrounds - Understanding of QCD background - Optimum mass/jet energy resolution High Mass (165 GeV)
57 Higgs Search σ(mssm/sm) = depending on SUSY parameters; Tevatron sensitive to large tanβ
58 Higgs Search Bingo
59 Higgs FNAL
60 Higgs FNAL
61 Typical SUSY Mass spectrum MSSM Higgs Search
62 MSSM Higgs Search Beware statistical fluctuations - one year ago SUSY had been discovered at 160 GeV but now it s gone. 8 fb -1 At high tanβ: enhanced x-sections heavy flavor (b, τ) preferred
63 With 10fb -1 66% chance Tevatron will exclude Higgs in entire predicted region Will this happen before the LHC has enough data???
64 Tevatron performance to date
65 10 fb -1 is very likely before mid 2011
66 More on QCD from Robert Thorne Lecture More on LHC physics & Higgs from Antonella De Santo Lecture
Tevatron Physics Prospects. Paul Grannis, for the CDF and DØ collaborations ICFA Seminar, Oct
Tevatron Physics Prospects Paul Grannis, for the CDF and DØ collaborations ICFA Seminar, Oct. 29 2008 CDF and DØ Operations Fermilab is planning to run CDF and DØ through FY2010. The Tevatron is now delivering
More informationPhysics at Hadron Colliders
Physics at Hadron Colliders Part 2 Standard Model Physics Test of Quantum Chromodynamics - Jet production - W/Z production - Production of Top quarks Precision measurements -W mass - Top-quark mass QCD
More informationLa ricerca dell Higgs Standard Model a CDF
La ricerca dell Higgs Standard Model a CDF Melisa Rossi INFN-TS Giornata di seminari INFN Trieste - 7 Luglio 2009 FNAL: Fermi National Accelerator Lab Tevatron currently provides the highest energy proton-antiproton
More informationQCD at CDF. Régis Lefèvre IFAE Barcelona On behalf of the CDF Collaboration
QCD at CDF Régis Lefèvre IFAE Barcelona On behalf of the CDF Collaboration Jet Inclusive Cross-Section Underlying event studies Jet Shapes Specific processes _ W+Jets, γ + γ, γ + b/c, b-jet / bb jet Diffraction
More informationSearch for WZ lνbb at CDF: Proving ground of the Hunt for the
Search for WZ lνbb at CDF: Proving ground of the Hunt for the Justin Keung University of Pennsylvania March 24 rd, 2010 HEP Seminar @ University of Virginia Outline Motivation: Higgs Boson Search Importance
More informationarxiv:hep-ph/ v1 17 Apr 2000
SEARCH FOR NEW PHYSICS WITH ATLAS AT THE LHC arxiv:hep-ph/0004161v1 17 Apr 2000 V.A. MITSOU CERN, EP Division, CH-1211 Geneva 23, Switzerland and University of Athens, Physics Department, Nuclear and Particle
More informationLHC Detectors and their Physics Potential. Nick Ellis PH Department, CERN, Geneva
LHC Detectors and their Physics Potential Nick Ellis PH Department, CERN, Geneva 1 Part 1 Introduction to the LHC Detector Requirements & Design Concepts 2 What is the Large Hadron Collider? Circular proton-proton
More informationThe Collider Detector at Fermilab. Amitabh Lath Rutgers University July 25, 2002
The Collider Detector at Fermilab Amitabh Lath Rutgers University July 25, 2002 What is Fermilab? A user facility with the Tevatron: 4 mile ring with superconducting magnets. Collides protons with antiprotons.
More information8.882 LHC Physics. Higgs Physics and Other Essentials. [Lecture 22, April 29, 2009] Experimental Methods and Measurements
8.882 LHC Physics Experimental Methods and Measurements Higgs Physics and Other Essentials [Lecture 22, April 29, 2009] Organization Next week lectures: Monday 2pm and Tuesday 9:30am (which room?) Project
More informationPhysics at Hadron Colliders Part II
Physics at Hadron Colliders Part II Marina Cobal Università di Udine 1 The structure of an event One incoming parton from each of the protons enters the hard process, where then a number of outgoing particles
More informationDiscovery potential of the SM Higgs with ATLAS
Discovery potential of the SM Higgs with P. Fleischmann On behalf of the Collaboration st October Abstract The discovery potential of the Standard Model Higgs boson with the experiment at the Large Hadron
More informationHiggs Searches and Properties Measurement with ATLAS. Haijun Yang (on behalf of the ATLAS) Shanghai Jiao Tong University
Higgs Searches and Properties Measurement with ATLAS Haijun Yang (on behalf of the ATLAS) Shanghai Jiao Tong University LHEP, Hainan, China, January 11-14, 2013 Outline Introduction of SM Higgs Searches
More informationResults on top physics by CMS
EPJ Web of Conferences 95, 04069 (2015) DOI: 10.1051/ epjconf/ 20159504069 C Owned by the authors, published by EDP Sciences, 2015 Results on top physics by CMS Silvano Tosi 1,2,a, on behalf of the CMS
More informationProton anti proton collisions at 1.96 TeV currently highest centre of mass energy
Tevatron & Experiments 2 Proton anti proton collisions at 1.96 TeV currently highest centre of mass energy Tevatron performing very well 6.5 fb 1 delivered (per experiment) 2 fb 1 recorded in 2008 alone
More informationLHC State of the Art and News
LHC State of the Art and News ATL-GEN-SLIDE-2010-139 16 June 2010 Arno Straessner TU Dresden on behalf of the ATLAS Collaboration FSP 101 ATLAS Vulcano Workshop 2010 Frontier Objects in Astrophysics and
More informationRecent Results on New Phenomena and Higgs Searches at DZERO
Recent Results on New Phenomena and Higgs Searches at DZERO Neeti Parashar Louisiana Tech University Ruston, Louisiana U.S.A. 1 Outline Motivation for DØ Run II Detector at Fermilab The Fermilab Tevatron
More informationThe Quark-Gluon Plasma and the ALICE Experiment
The Quark-Gluon Plasma and the ALICE Experiment David Evans The University of Birmingham IoP Nuclear Physics Conference 7 th April 2009 David Evans IoP Nuclear Physics Conference 2009 1 Outline of Talk
More informationW/Z + jets and W/Z + heavy flavor production at the LHC
W/Z + jets and W/Z + heavy flavor production at the LHC A. Paramonov (ANL) on behalf of the ATLAS and CMS collaborations Moriond QCD 2012 Motivation for studies of jets produced with a W or Z boson Standard
More informationUpgrade of ATLAS and CMS for High Luminosity LHC: Detector performance and Physics potential
IL NUOVO CIMENTO 4 C (27) 8 DOI.393/ncc/i27-78-7 Colloquia: IFAE 26 Upgrade of ATLAS and CMS for High Luminosity LHC: Detector performance and Physics potential M. Testa LNF-INFN - Frascati (RM), Italy
More informationSUSY at Accelerators (other than the LHC)
SUSY at Accelerators (other than the LHC) Beate Heinemann, University of Liverpool Introduction Final LEP Results First Tevatron Run 2 Results Summary and Outlook IDM 2004, Edinburgh, September 2004 Why
More informationTop and Electroweak Physics at. the Tevatron
Top and Electroweak Physics at 1 the Tevatron Graham W. Wilson University of Kansas for the CDF and DØ Collaborations April APS 2008, St. Louis, MO. April 12 th 2008 Introduction Top Physics Overview Cross-section
More informationHiggs Searches at CMS
Higgs Searches at CMS Ashok Kumar Department of Physics and Astrophysics University of Delhi 110007 Delhi, India 1 Introduction A search for the Higgs boson in the Standard Model (SM) and the Beyond Standard
More informationLast Friday: pp(bar) Physics Intro, the TeVatron
Last Friday: pp(bar) Physics Intro, the TeVatron Today: The Large Hadron Collider (LHC) The Large Hadron Collider (LHC) 7 TeV + 7 TeV Protons Protons 10 11 Protons per bunch Bunch Crossings 4x10 7 Hz Proton
More informationB-physics with ATLAS and CMS
Physics at LHC-2008 Split-CROATIA, 29.9. 4.10.2008 B-physics with ATLAS and CMS Brigitte Epp, Astro- and Particle Physics, University of Innsbruck, Austria representing ATLAS / CMS collaborations B-physics
More informationCollider physics. Introduction Some e + e - collider physics. Hadronic machines. R(e + e - hadrons/ e + e - µ - µ + ) Z 0 and W at LEP
Collider physics Introduction Some e + e - collider physics R(e + e - hadrons/ e + e - µ - µ + ) Z 0 and W at LEP Hadronic machines Total cross sections Hard and soft collisions Triggers An example: LHCb
More informationSearching for the Higgs at the Tevatron
Searching for the Higgs at the Tevatron 5 th May 2009 Particle Physics Seminar, Oxford Outline Introduction The challenges and analysis strategies Low mass SM Higgs searches High mass SM Higgs searches
More informationHigh p T physics at the LHC Lecture III Standard Model Physics
High p T physics at the LHC Lecture III Standard Model Physics Miriam Watson, Juraj Bracinik (University of Birmingham) Warwick Week, April 2011 1. LHC machine 2. High PT experiments Atlas and CMS 3. Standard
More informationRisultati dell esperimento ATLAS dopo il run 1 di LHC. C. Gemme (INFN Genova), F. Parodi (INFN/University Genova) Genova, 28 Maggio 2013
Risultati dell esperimento ATLAS dopo il run 1 di LHC C. Gemme (INFN Genova), F. Parodi (INFN/University Genova) Genova, 28 Maggio 2013 1 LHC physics Standard Model is a gauge theory based on the following
More informationStandard Model of Particle Physics SS 2012
Lecture: Standard Model of Particle Physics Heidelberg SS 2012 W- and Z-Bosons 1 2 Contents Discovery of real W- and Z-bosons Intermezzo: QCD at Hadron Colliders LEP + Detectors W- and Z- Physics at LEP
More informationTesting QCD at the LHC and the Implications of HERA DIS 2004
Testing QCD at the LHC and the Implications of HERA DIS 2004 Jon Butterworth Impact of the LHC on QCD Impact of QCD (and HERA data) at the LHC Impact of the LHC on QCD The LHC will have something to say
More informationTESTING THE STANDARD MODEL IN THE FORWARD REGION AT THE LHC
TESTING THE STANDARD MODEL IN THE FORWARD REGION AT THE LHC Ronan McNulty (UCD Dublin) Irish Quantum Foundations, Castletown House, 3,4 th May 2013 Ronan McNulty, Irish Quantum Foundations 2 Outline Theory:
More informationSearches for exotica at LHCb
Searches for exotica at LHCb Lorenzo Sestini Università di Padova e INFN LHCb Implications Workshop, Geneve-Cern, 3-11-2015 Searches for exotics LHCb can be complementary to ATLAS and CMS in the search
More informationPhysics at Tevatron. Koji Sato KEK Theory Meeting 2005 Particle Physics Phenomenology March 3, Contents
Physics at Tevatron Contents Koji Sato KEK Theory Meeting 5 Particle Physics Phenomenology March 3, 5 mass measurement Top physics cross section Top mass measurement SM Higgs search Tevatron Run II Started
More informationHiggs couplings and mass measurements with ATLAS. Krisztian Peters CERN On behalf of the ATLAS Collaboration
Higgs couplings and mass measurements with ATLAS CERN On behalf of the ATLAS Collaboration July observation: qualitative picture A single state observed around ~125 GeV Qualitatively all observations consistent
More informationFirst physics with the ATLAS and CMS experiments. Niels van Eldik on behalf of the ATLAS and CMS collaborations
First physics with the ATLAS and CMS experiments Niels van Eldik on behalf of the ATLAS and CMS collaborations Content Status of the LHC and the ATLAS and CMS experiments Event production rates First physics
More informationReconstruction and identification of hadronic τ decays with ATLAS
Reconstruction and Identification of Hadronic τ Decays with ATLAS Wolfgang F. Mader 1 1 Institut für Kern- und Teilchenphysik TU Dresden DPG Frühjahrstagung München, March 2009 Outline 1 Introduction 2
More informationDario Barberis. Physics with 2 nd Generation Pixel Detectors. Pixel 2002, Carmel (Ca), Sept Dario Barberis Genova University/INFN 1
Dario Barberis Physics with 2 nd Generation Pixel Detectors Pixel 2002, Carmel (Ca), Sept. 2002 Dario Barberis Genova University/INFN 1 Pixel Detector Evolution First generation (developed in early 90
More informationJet reconstruction in LHCb searching for Higgs-like particles
Jet reconstruction in LHCb searching for Higgs-like particles Alessandro Camboni (on behalf of LHCb Collaboration) DISCRETE'08 Valencia Dec 12th, 2008 Motivation Jet reconstruction is important for searches
More informationFYST17 Lecture 6 LHC Physics II
FYST17 Lecture 6 LHC Physics II 1 Today, (tomorrow) & Next week The LHC accelerator Challenges The experiments (mainly CMS and ATLAS) Important variables Preparations Soft physics minímum bias, underlying
More informationSUSY at Accelerators (other than the LHC)
SUSY at Accelerators (other than the LHC) Beate Heinemann, University of Liverpool Introduction Final LEP Results First Tevatron Run 2 Results Summary and Outlook IDM 2004, Edinburgh, September 2004 Why
More informationALICE and LHCb in the HL-LHC era
ALICE and LHCb in the HL-LHC era LHC CHAMONIX 2011 January 27, 2011 Sergio Bertolucci CERN General considerations In the last couple of years, the LHC original experimental programme is undergoing the
More informationThe God particle at last? Astronomy Ireland, Oct 8 th, 2012
The God particle at last? Astronomy Ireland, Oct 8 th, 2012 Cormac O Raifeartaigh Waterford Institute of Technology CERN July 4 th 2012 (ATLAS and CMS ) A new particle of mass 125 GeV I The Higgs boson
More informationRecent results from rare decays
Recent results from rare decays Jeroen van Tilburg (Physikalisches Institut Heidelberg) Don t worry about the number of slides: Only half of them is new Advanced topics in Particle Physics: LHC physics,
More informationCDF recent results Paolo Mastrandrea (INFN Roma) on behalf of the CDF Collaboration
CDF recent results Paolo Mastrandrea (INFN Roma) on behalf of the CDF Collaboration Società Italiana di Fisica - XCVII Congresso Nazionale - L'Aquila, 26-30 Settembre, 2011 SIF 2011, L'Aquila 26-30 September
More informationReview of Higgs results at LHC (ATLAS and CMS results)
Review of Higgs results at LHC (ATLAS and CMS results) Università degli Studi di Genova and INFN, Genova, Italy E-mail: andrea.favareto@ge.infn.it The status of Higgs sector studies at the Large Hadron
More informationMini-Bias and Underlying Event Studies at CMS
Yuan Chao Department of Physics National Taiwan University 1617 Taipei, TAIWAN 1 Introduction The Tevatron experiments provide us very good information for the quantum chromodynamics (QCD) modelings of
More informationThe HL-LHC physics program
2013/12/16 Workshop on Future High Energy Circular Collider 1 The HL-LHC physics program Takanori Kono (KEK/Ochanomizu University) for the ATLAS & CMS Collaborations Workshop on Future High Energy Circular
More informationSearches for Standard Model Higgs Boson at the D Detector at the Tevatron. Alexander Khanov Oklahoma State University SUSY 06
Searches for Standard Model Higgs Boson at the D Detector at the Tevatron Alexander Khanov Oklahoma State University SUSY 06 The Higgs Boson Higgs: origin of the EW symmetry breaking in SM Higgs mass:
More informationTop quark at LHC. M. Villa. Bologna, oggi
Top quark at LHC M. Villa Bologna, oggi 1 Outline Top quark characteristics Top production and decay Measurements 2 Outline Top quark characteristics Top production and decay Measurements 3 Top quark I.D.
More informationEarly physics with the LHCb detector
XXVIII PHYSICS IN COLLISION - Perugia, Italy, June, 25-28, 2008 Early physics with the LHCb detector Dirk Wiedner CERN for the LHCb collaboration 27 June 2008 Dirk Wiedner at PIC2008 Perugia 1 Outline
More informationOutline. Heavy elementary particles. HERA Beauty quark production at HERA LHC. Top quark production at LHC Summary & conclusions
Outline Heavy elementary particles HERA Beauty quark production at HERA LHC Charm, beauty (bottom) and truth (top) Status and plans Top quark production at LHC Summary & conclusions 2 Elementary Particles
More information7 Physics at Hadron Colliders
7 Physics at Hadron Colliders The present and future Hadron Colliders - The Tevatron and the LHC Test of the Standard Model at Hadron Colliders Jet, W/Z, Top-quark production Physics of Beauty Quarks (T.
More informationFlavour physics in the LHC era
Maria Laach school, september 2012 An introduction to Flavour physics in the LHC era and quest for New Physics (an experimentalist s point of view) Clara Matteuzzi INFN and Universita Milano-Bicocca 1
More informationParticle physics today. Giulia Zanderighi (CERN & University of Oxford)
Particle physics today Giulia Zanderighi (CERN & University of Oxford) Particle Physics Particle Physics is fundamental research, as opposed to many applied sciences (medicine, biology, chemistry, nano-science,
More informationProgress in Top Quark Physics
Progress in Top Quark Physics Evelyn J Thomson University of Pennsylvania XVII Particles and Nuclei International Conference Plenary session 28 October 2005 CDF+D0 parallel session talks: V.4 Peter Renkel
More informationThe Higgs boson. Marina Cobal University of Udine
The Higgs boson Marina Cobal University of Udine Suggested books F.Halzen, A.D.Martin, Quarks & Leptons: An Introductory Course in Modern Particle Physics, Wiley 1984 Cap.14,15 W.E.Burcham,M.Jobes, Nuclear
More informationSearch for a heavy gauge boson W e
Search for a heavy gauge boson W e Cornell University LEPP Journal Club Seminar April 1, 2011 The LHC Machine 2 The beginning of the LHC era First collisions at 7 TeV confirmed on March 30, 2010 There
More informationThe Compact Muon Solenoid Experiment. Conference Report. Mailing address: CMS CERN, CH-1211 GENEVA 23, Switzerland
Available on CMS information server CMS CR -2013/016 The Compact Muon Solenoid Experiment Conference Report Mailing address: CMS CERN, CH-1211 GENEVA 23, Switzerland 18 January 2013 (v2, 21 January 2013)
More informationLHCb Discovery potential for New Physics
Beam induced splash in LHCb Imperial College London LHCb Discovery potential for New Physics Introduction Physics with LHCb Flavour physics can provide unique input on the type of New Physics If we express
More informationIntroduction. The LHC environment. What do we expect to do first? W/Z production (L 1-10 pb -1 ). W/Z + jets, multi-boson production. Top production.
Introduction. The LHC environment. What do we expect to do first? W/Z production (L 1-10 pb -1 ). W/Z + jets, multi-boson production. Top production. Early discoveries? Conclusions. 2 First collisions
More informationFlavour Physics at LHC
Flavour Physics at LHC ICFP2009, Hanoi, September 2009 Tatsuya Nakada LPHE/EPFL Introduction (I) There exist solid observations for physics beyond the Standard Model T. Nakada ICFP2009 Hanoi September
More informationFYST17 Lecture 6 LHC Physics II
FYST17 Lecture 6 LHC Physics II 1 Today & Monday The LHC accelerator Challenges The experiments (mainly CMS and ATLAS) Important variables Preparations Soft physics EWK physics Some recent results Focus
More informationHiggs Boson Searches at ATLAS
Higgs Boson Searches at ATLAS Jianming Qian University of Michigan October 5, 2011 Maryland/John Hopkins Joint Seminar, October 5, 2011 Jianming Qian (University of Michigan) 1 Standard Model Standard
More informationTitle Text. ATLAS Higgs Boson Discovery Potential
Title Text ATLAS Higgs Boson Discovery Potential Isabelle Wingerter-Seez - LAPP - Annecy isabelle.wingerter@lapp.in2p3.fr Corfu Summer Institute September 2009 1 Title Text ATLAS Standard Model Higgs Boson
More informationATLAS-CONF October 15, 2010
ATLAS-CONF-2010-096 October 15, 2010 Data-driven background estimation for the H τ + τ τ h search at 7 TeV with the ATLAS detector Ian Howley 7 December 2010 1 Motivation One of the primary LHC physics
More informationThe Hunt for the Higgs (and other interesting stuff at the Tevatron) Robert Roser Fermi National Accelerator Laboratory
The Hunt for the Higgs (and other interesting stuff at the Tevatron) Robert Roser Fermi National Accelerator Laboratory The Past Century ~90 years ago ~60 years ago ~40 years ago Present atom electron
More informationEvidence for Single Top Quark Production. Reinhard Schwienhorst
Evidence for Single Top Quark Production Reinhard Schwienhorst MSU high energy seminar, 1/9/2007 Outline Motivation Preparation Optimized Event Analysis Sensitivity Cross section measurement Vtb Conclusions/Outlook
More informationLHCb results and prospects
LHCb results and prospects M. Witek (IFJ PAN Cracow, Poland) On behalf of the LHCb Collaboration Miami 2011 Conference Fort Lauderdale, Florida 800 physicists 15 countries 54 institutes CERN LHC Large
More information2 ATLAS operations and data taking
The ATLAS experiment: status report and recent results Ludovico Pontecorvo INFN - Roma and CERN on behalf of the ATLAS Collaboration 1 Introduction The ATLAS experiment was designed to explore a broad
More informationHighlights of top quark measurements in hadronic final states at ATLAS
Highlights of top quark measurements in hadronic final states at ATLAS Serena Palazzo 1,2,, on behalf of the ATLAS Collaboration 1 Università della Calabria 2 INFN Cosenza Abstract. Measurements of inclusive
More informationThe W-mass Measurement at CDF
2010-05 - 10 The W-mass Measurement at CDF Ilija Bizjak, University College London 1/33 Outline 1) Motivation for a W mass measurement Implications for the EW constraints on Higgs mass 2) Measurement of
More informationMojtaba Mohammadi Najafabadi School of Particles and Accelerators, IPM Aban 22- IPM Workshop on Electroweak and Higgs at the LHC
Electroweak studies for the LHC Mojtaba Mohammadi Najafabadi School of Particles and Accelerators, IPM Aban 22- IPM Workshop on Electroweak and Higgs at the LHC 1 Why accelerator? We live in a cold and
More informationTop hadron colliders. Zofia Czyczula Particle Physics II - FYS4560
Top quark @ hadron colliders Zofia Czyczula Particle Physics II - FYS4560 1 Outline of the lectures Part I Top quark in the Standard Model and Beyond Indirect evidences of top quark Top quark production
More information14 Top Quark. Completing the Third Generation
14 Top Quark Completing the Third Generation No one could doubt that there would be a sixth quark, the top or t, but it was equally certain that initially no one knew where it would be found. With the
More informationStudy of Higgs Boson Decaying to Four Muons at s =14 TeV
Study of Higgs Boson Decaying to Four Muons at s =14 TeV R.M. Aly 1, A.A. Abdelalim 1,2, M.N.El-Bakrey 1 and A. Mahrous 1 1 Department of physics, Faculty of science, Helwan University, Cairo, Egypt. 2
More informationIdentification of the Higgs boson produced in association with top quark pairs in proton-proton
Identification of the Higgs boson produced in association with top quark pairs in proton-proton collision: an analysis of the final state containing three leptons with the ATLAS detector Valentina Vecchio,
More informationVBF SM Higgs boson searches with ATLAS
VBF SM Higgs boson searches with Stefania Xella (for the collaboration) Niels Bohr Institute, Copenhagen University, Denmark E-mail: xella@nbi.dk The observation of a Standard Model Higgs boson produced
More informationPhysics at HERA. Summer Student Lectures August Katja Krüger Kirchhoff Institut für Physik H1 Collaboration
Physics at HERA Summer Student Lectures 18 + 19 August 28 Kirchhoff Institut für Physik H1 Collaboration email: katja.krueger@desy.de Overview Part 2 Exotics Jet Physics Cross Sections Strong Coupling
More informationPrecision QCD at the Tevatron. Markus Wobisch, Fermilab for the CDF and DØ Collaborations
Precision QCD at the Tevatron Markus Wobisch, Fermilab for the CDF and DØ Collaborations Fermilab Tevatron - Run II Chicago Ecm: 1.8 1.96 TeV more Bunches 6 36 Bunch Crossing 3500 396ns CDF Booster Tevatron
More informationA brief history of accelerators, detectors and experiments: (See Chapter 14 and Appendix H in Rolnick.)
Physics 557 Lecture 7 A brief history of accelerators, detectors and experiments: (See Chapter 14 and Appendix H in Rolnick.) First came the study of the debris from cosmic rays (the God-given particle
More informationRecent Results from 7 GeV proton proton running at CMS
Recent Results from 7 GeV proton proton running at CMS Will E. Johns Vanderbilt University (for the CMS collaboration) SESAPS 2011 CMS Detector Detector pulled Apart for work 2 CMS Detector CMS Detector
More informationHIGGS Bosons at the LHC
ATLAS HIGGS Bosons at the LHC Standard Model Higgs Boson - Search for a light Higgs at the LHC - Vector boson fusion - Comparison to the Tevatron potential Measurement of Higgs boson parameters The MSSM
More informationJet Energy Calibration. Beate Heinemann University of Liverpool
Jet Energy Calibration Beate Heinemann University of Liverpool Fermilab, August 14th 2006 1 Outline Introduction CDF and D0 calorimeters Response corrections Multiple interactions η-dependent corrections
More informationFrontiers in Theoretical and Applied Physics 2017, Sharjah UAE
A Search for Beyond the Standard Model Physics Using Final State with Light and Boosted Muon Pairs at CMS Experiment Frontiers in Theoretical and Applied Physics 2017, Sharjah UAE Alfredo Castaneda* On
More information4th Particle Physcis Workshop. National Center for Physics, Islamabad. Proton Structure and QCD tests at HERA. Jan Olsson, DESY.
th 4 Particle Physics Workshop National Center for Physics, Islamabad Proton Structure and QCD tests at HERA Part 2 The proton structure function F2 NLO QCD describes data over >4 orders of magnitude in
More informationThe God particle at last? Science Week, Nov 15 th, 2012
The God particle at last? Science Week, Nov 15 th, 2012 Cormac O Raifeartaigh Waterford Institute of Technology CERN July 4 th 2012 (ATLAS and CMS ) A new particle of mass 125 GeV Why is the Higgs particle
More informationTutorial 8: Discovery of the Higgs boson
Tutorial 8: Discovery of the Higgs boson Dr. M Flowerdew May 6, 2014 1 Introduction From its inception in the 1960 s, the Standard Model was quickly established, but it took about 50 years for all of the
More informationSearch for a Z at an e + e - Collider Thomas Walker
Search for a Z at an e + e - Collider Thomas Walker Significance: Many theories predict that another neutral gauge boson (Z ) may exist. In order to detect this Z, I would use an e + e - linear collider
More informationModern Accelerators for High Energy Physics
Modern Accelerators for High Energy Physics 1. Types of collider beams 2. The Tevatron 3. HERA electron proton collider 4. The physics from colliders 5. Large Hadron Collider 6. Electron Colliders A.V.
More informationNon-Standard Higgs Decays
Non-Standard Higgs Decays David Kaplan Johns Hopkins University in collaboration with M McEvoy, K Rehermann, and M Schwartz Standard Higgs Decays Standard Higgs Decays 1 _ bb 140 GeV WW BR for SM Higgs
More informationQCD and jets physics at the LHC with CMS during the first year of data taking. Pavel Demin UCL/FYNU Louvain-la-Neuve
QCD and jets physics at the LHC with CMS during the first year of data taking Pavel Demin UCL/FYNU Louvain-la-Neuve February 8, 2006 Bon appétit! February 8, 2006 Pavel Demin UCL/FYNU 1 Why this seminar?
More informationPhysics at the LHC: from Standard Model to new discoveries
Physics at the LHC: from Standard Model to new discoveries Kirill Melnikov University of Hawaii May 2006 Sendai, June 2006 Physics at the LHC: from Standard Model to new discoveries p. 1/22 Outline Standard
More informationarxiv: v1 [hep-ex] 5 Sep 2014
Proceedings of the Second Annual LHCP CMS CR-2014/199 September 8, 2014 Future prospects of Higgs Physics at CMS arxiv:1409.1711v1 [hep-ex] 5 Sep 2014 Miguel Vidal On behalf of the CMS Experiment, Centre
More informationRecent results from the LHCb experiment
Recent results from the LHCb experiment University of Cincinnati On behalf of the LHCb collaboration Brief intro to LHCb The Large Hadron Collider (LHC) proton-proton collisions NCTS Wksp. DM 2017, Shoufeng,
More informationTop Physics. Claudio Campagnari University of California Santa Barbara
Top Physics Claudio Campagnari University of California Santa Barbara 1 Outline Top quark introduction What is interesting about top physics (brief) Top Physics program as CMS Emphasis on startup, status
More informationCDF top quark " $ )(! # % & '
$% CDF quark 7 3 5 ( "#! Tevatron Run II Started Spring 1. proton-antiproton collider with (Run I :. antiproton recycler commissioning electron cooling operational by Summer 5. increase in luminosity.
More informationATLAS Discovery Potential of the Standard Model Higgs Boson
ATLAS Discovery Potential of the Standard Model Higgs Boson Christian Weiser University of Freiburg (on behalf of the ATLAS Collaboration) 14th Lomonosov Conference on Elementary Particle Physics Moscow,
More informationPhysics Highlights from 12 Years at LEP
Physics Highlights from 12 Years at LEP Colloquium Frascati,, 8.2.2001 Dieter Schlatter CERN / Geneva 1 Standard Model In 1989 ingredients of Standard Model were known: Matter particles: u,d,s,c,b,t quarks
More informationExperimental Summary 40 th Rencontres de Moriond QCD and High Energy Hadronic Interactions. Heidi Schellman Northwestern University
Experimental Summary 40 th Rencontres de Moriond QCD and High Energy Hadronic Interactions Heidi Schellman Northwestern University Thank you To the conference organizers The secretariat The Hotel Planibel
More informationThesis. Wei Tang. 1 Abstract 3. 3 Experiment Background The Large Hadron Collider The ATLAS Detector... 4
Thesis Wei Tang Contents 1 Abstract 3 2 Introduction 3 3 Experiment Background 4 3.1 The Large Hadron Collider........................... 4 3.2 The ATLAS Detector.............................. 4 4 Search
More information